COLLAPSE OF THE YUAN DYNASTY - TOGHON TEMUR AND THE MONGOL PERSPECTIVE

Almost a century after its foundation, the Yuan dynasty, and its mongol overlords, were overthrown and kicked out of China following the Han red turban rebellion. Watch how an entire empire decays through the lense of its figurehead, emperor Toghon Temür, despite efforts by such figures as Toghto, Chaghan Temür and Kokë Temür
If you would like to make a donation, here is my paypal : paypal.me/historyofchina
Many thanks !
= MUSIC =
Total War Three Kingdoms - End of an Era
Total War Three Kingdoms - Oath of the Peach Garden
Europa Universalis IV - Forest Shade
Total War Three Kingdoms - The Calm before the Storm
Total War Attila - Main Theme
Total War Three Kingdoms - Bitter Winds
Total War Three Kingdoms - Duel of Fates
Mongol Court Music of the Khans
Total War Three Kingdoms - Lotus Blossoms
Total War Three Kingdoms - Shadows of War
Total War Three Kingdoms - Harmony
Civilization VI - Guzheng Improv 2
Lost in the Forest
Total War Shogun 2 - Resolve
Total War Three Kingdoms - Stratagem
Civilization VI - Mogolia Medieval Theme
Total War Three Kingdoms - The Art of War
Civilization V - Genghis Khan Peace Theme
Total War Shogun 2 - Point of No Return
Total War Three Kingdoms - Scorched Earth
Total War Three Kingdoms - Vanguard
Total War Three Kingdoms - Betrayal
Total War Three Kingdoms - Eternal Peace
Total War Three Kingdoms - Besieged
Total War Three Kingdoms - Duel of Fates
Total War Attila - Fiddler of the Plains
Civilization V - Genghis Khan Peace Theme
The Loyalist - Lotus Lane
= VIDEO CREDITS =
Empress Ki (2013)
再生緣 Eternal Happiness (2002)
Founding Emperor of Ming Dynasty (2006)
= MAIN SOURCES =
The Cambridge History of China - Volume 6 (1994), Denis Twitchett & John King Fairbank
= TAGS =
Yuan dynasty documentary
collapse of the Yuan dynasty
Rinchinbal
Bayan Merkid
Toghon Temur
Zhu Yuanzhang
Red Turban rebellion
White lotus sect
History of China
El Temur
Introduction: (0:00)
Context: (00:37)
Toghon Temür's enthronement: (02:54)
Bayan's dictatorship: (06:03)
Bayan's doom: (11:27)
Toghto's first chancellorship: (16:37)
A worsening situation: (21:34)
Toghto's return: (25:09)
The Yuan's fragmentation: (33:38)
Chaghan Temür's saga: (36:52)
Kokë Temür's saga: (38:58)
The rise of the Ming: (44:47)

[@Replicaate]

I don't care if it takes you years to make another dynastic history, if it's anywhere near the quality of this one it will be worth the wait!

[@pedrosampaio7349]

HE HATH RETURNED

[@theamazingfuzzlord]

Indeed 🎉

[@pawnyi7742]

Toghtog Khan every 10 seconds after dealing with event that could lead to the destruction of the empire: We're so back! 10 seconds later: *another crisis happens*

[@ElBandito]

Being a general in 1330's Yuan dynasty is like playing the game in Very Hard setting.

[@History_of_China]

Pretty much! It'd make for a great strategy game though

[@JiaruiChen_]

like it was never hard to kill people idiot

[@YuuSHiiiN]

Fun fact: The actor playing Zhu Yuanzhang in the Ming Dynasty drama footage(Hu Jun) also portrayed Khublai Khan in the 2013 "The Great Yuan Empire Founder" series, and is of Manchu descent. It's too bad he hasn't been able to play Nurhaci yet to complete the hat trick.

[@ezradja]

NICE!

[@carollo488]

WOWWW! Amazing! Yes, if only he is given a role in a Qing dynasty drama😍😍😍.

[@user-sw6ip2hk5w]

The qing state made their official language and script Mongolian. The inner Mongols betrayed their Ligden king and joined forces with the Qing to fight against the Ligden king. During the war, Genghis Khan's descendant Ligden Khan fell ill and died, and the war ended. At that time, Dzuungar was the most powerful country in the eastern region, which occupied more than a thousand Muslim cities, including Tibetans, Uighurs, Kyrgyz, and Kazakhs. In 1688, the Dzungar Mongols invaded northern Mongolia. It is a history that the Northern Mongols sought help from the inner Mongols and the Qing and became a political and military ally. During the Qing period, the Chinese were prohibited from entering the Mongolian territory, and only Qing and Mongolian people were allowed to hold high positions. and the Mongol princes were paid annually. qing, inner mongol, and north mongol joined together to overthrow the dzungar state.

[@user-sw6ip2hk5w]

The Manchu Khan gave the Mongols the right to rule themselves. Genghis Khan's descendants continued to rule. Also, in 1851, Sengerin, a Mongolian general, led the Manchu army to suppress the Taiping Rebellion started by the Chinese. The rebellion was suppressed and the main leader, Li Kaifang, was captured and executed. Also, in 1859, when England and France invaded the Qing Dynasty, the Manchu-Mongol forces led by the Mongolian general Sengerin won.

[@user-sw6ip2hk5w]

The Qing were a semi-nomadic people living outside the Great Wall. their ancestors are Kidans. The Kidan people are considered to be Mongolian ancestors because they are descended from the Xianbi people of Dunhu Province. Also, it is evident from the historical findings that they speak Mongolian. This is why the Mongolian script was made the official script of the Qing state.

[@miketacos9034]

These pronunciations are so perfect omg

[@TheLordRichard]

Can’t wait for the Ming Dynasty series 😁

[@YaminoSeigi]

Toqto seems like to be a very decent guy

[@fedecano7362]

Your channel keeps providing us a rare insight to Chinese History, hard to find somewhere else, specially free content as your an with such quality, so thank you very much!

[@alexiakembia8041]

Empress Ki is one of my all time favourite Kdramas and a cinematic masterpiece. So happy to learn some of the context :)

[@jamesxia9523]

Please start on the Ming emperors! I love your videos so much

[@RuthlessTragedy]

AWESOME! ANOTHER VIDEO RELEASE! this channel is so criminally underrated! Thank you for all your hard work putting this documentary for our eyes and ears!

[@CaptainGrimes1]

Amazing to watch! I didn't realise it was an hour until I finished it, went so fast! Looking forward to your series on the Ming :)

[@lj4969]

Thank you thank you I just watched all your other Yuan videos two days ago and was about to move on, perfect timing!

[@Tronathon242]

The Yuan seemed to be so schizophrenic when it came to cultural and organizational matters: always changing and never settling on one policy for long. No wonder they couldn't handle the challenges they faced and no wonder the locals thought the heavens were punishing them with all the natural disasters.

[@Shadowless_Kick]

Conquest by force cannot last long, only conquest by culture can. That was the most important reason why the Han Chinese civilization empowered by Confucianism has lasted 2500+ years

[@kaloarepo288]

Didn't stop the Muslims from securing permanent footholes everywhere nor the Romans, nor the Spanish, nor the Normans in England!

[@Archangelm127]

Welcome back, HoC! Your content continues to be top-shelf. :)

[@leozeng8412]

Waited for this a for a while, glad to see you uploading!!!!!

[@Anna-hg3yq]

Oh what a treat!!!! Such a long video I’m so exited 😮

[@LaChicaPlastica]

Aside from the historical aspect, I’m so learning how to pronounce properly with your docus. I just recently discovered your channel, and can’t wait for new videos. Thank you for all the hard work you put into creating content of such high quality. 💜

[@ElBandito]

Toghon Temur sounds like a very educated and cultured fellow, from his early life experience.

[@metarus208]

Thank you for coming back to us! We need more Tang and Ming dynasty content!

[@History_of_China]

Ming dynasty coming up next :)

[@metarus208]

@@History_of_China more on the Song during the 13th Century and the Tang in 8th century pls

[@philodendron6]

At long last, another exceptional presentation. Thank you!

[@History_of_China]

Thanks!

[@Strong2091]

So glad you're back. I literally check your channel once every other week even tho I'm subbed.

[@History_of_China]

Thanks for following!

[@JackForSale1]

I'm glad you're back!!

[@WWK186]

Watched the Korean drama Empress Ki on Netflix. Didn't realise it was historically accurate. Thank you for this history lesson on Yuan dynasty. So interesting!

[@ezradja]

Actually, it's not accurate.

[@edwardsnowden8821]

my goddess, how did you listen to this and come to the incredibly inaccurate conclusion that empress ki was accurate is beyond me.

[@History_of_China]

Unfortunately it is pretty abysmal in terms of accuracy. Also, while I could tolerate it for Bayan, I couldn't use clips for Toghto/Toqto'a (Tal Tal in the show) because of the ridiculous haircut they gave him.

[@davidjacobs8558]

Empress Ki was responsible for the collapse of Yuan Dynasty. She was also horrible to Koreans. Her family became powerful in Korea after she became empress of Yuan, and with their power, became extremely corrupt.

[@TV-jg2kj]

​@@History_of_ChinaMany Korean historical dramas have been adapted based on real people or events. Since there is a mixture of real and fake, you have to filter it out or check the authenticity yourself if you are curious. The reason is that Koreans are not very proud of Korean history.

[@catch22andys51]

Thank you for all your hard work on your videos!!

[@History_of_China]

Thanks, glad you enjoy them :)

[@Darth_Enigma]

Welcome back, your content is amazing and we all missed you dearly

[@History_of_China]

Thank you! And thanks for your patience :)

[@miketacos9034]

Bro yes!!!! I love these videos

[@emperorofpluto]

Awesome video. Bravo. The narration, graphics and maps are superlative, as always. Well done.

[@History_of_China]

Thank you!

[@markusforsberg6741]

​@@History_of_China this means the first video about Hongwu Emperor and the ming dynasty is not far awaay now.:D

[@History_of_China]

@@markusforsberg6741 Closer every day!

[@Medik_0001]

I CANT WAIT TO SIT DOWN AND WATCH THIS! SOOO HAPPY YOU MADE A VIDEO! YOU MADE MY DAY! THANK YOU!

[@History_of_China]

Thanks for following! Glad you like my vids :)

[@limey625]

Thank you for coming back

[@History_of_China]

I'm not ready to stop anytime soon!

[@jona.scholt4362]

Let's f***ing go! I only found this channel recently and have binged most of the videos. Good timing on my part that a new video gets released only a month or two after finding the channel! I imagine content of this quality with this length takes quite a good deal of time for a one man operation; I'm just happy we're able to get it at all. Great work as usual. Cheers!

[@History_of_China]

Thanks for your comment! It does take a lot of time, but feedback such as yours makes it ever so more rewarding :)

[@sankarist]

I was addicted to this channel a while back and may have seen the Civil War videos more than once. I'm glad you guys are back, can't wait to learn about the cultural revolution

[@History_of_China]

Thanks for following my work!

[@xbeheritx8323]

wonderful content, please make more

[@deliciousainzketchup6205]

So glad ur back :^)

[@brentdavis555]

Always love these. Respect here from a professor whom you inspired to teach Chinese History

[@History_of_China]

Wow, thank you so much! I'm glad you enjoy my work :)

[@ZhangK71]

Extremely based. Chinese history makes Game of Thrones look like a boring children’s novel. And it also doesn’t hurt that, beyond entertainment, its practical advantage is helping people understand Chinese society and outlooks.

[@rootintutin2576]

Finally after long time of waiting, the legend has return

[@alessandrodelogu7931]

Very nice and interesting video. These Yuan princes and ministers plotting and scheming against each other in the face of collapse look like Renzo's capons in "The Betrothed" by Manzoni. Even in their way to be butchered they still couldn't stop pecking each other. The fall of the Yuan is a tragedy of indecision. They were never able to decide whether they were Chinese or Mongolian. They were incoherent, constantly changing their mind between a Mongolian or a Chinese style of ruling. I don't think that any Chinese imperial dynasty had as many power struggles and succession crises as the Yuan, something very reminiscent of the Turkic empires of the Middle East. I'm surprised that no Yuan emperor ever came up with some measure like the Ottoman law of fratricide. Now you could make a video about the later Yuan, those who ruled in Mongolia after 1368. It would be the best ending for the story.

[@History_of_China]

You summed it up pretty well! While I don't plan on covering the Northern Yuan specifically, I'm not done talking about the Mongols yet as they will have pretty significant interactions with the Ming (even going as far as capturing a Ming emperor !)

[@micahistory]

dude this was so interesting, I felt like I was watching a movie and I learned so much. Thanks for this great video

[@History_of_China]

Thanks for your comment!

[@micahistory]

you're welcome@@History_of_China

[@bassantisamess4279]

You're back!!!

[@Tjurenful]

Appreciate the video!

[@History_of_China]

Thanks! Glad to hear it!

[@annfisher3316]

Will be here, thank you...

[@magno5157]

Looking forward to your Ming Dynasty series!

[@salivatinggreed4219]

Omg yay!! A new video!

[@Zharque]

Great video! It was very interesting to learn about Yuan dynasty's last great chancellor.

[@History_of_China]

Thanks! Glad you liked it

[@Hanzzaki]

HES BACK LETZZZ GOOOOO

[@artemplatov1982]

Wow man good to see you back

[@History_of_China]

Thank you!

[@Nazomiah]

Nearly an hour of dynastic intrigue and teasing the Ming Dynasty. You're spoiling us!

[@History_of_China]

Glad you enjoy it :)

[@al-hakimbi-amrallah5404]

I missed these so much:)

[@headbarb9881]

It’s been so long friend ! We missed you :)

[@Caspar67]

Welcome back :) I'd love to see a video on Sun Yat Sen

[@History_of_China]

Thanks! I'd like to cover the Ming before moving on to new subjects but I'll take it into account :)

[@pola5392]

I was literally just wondering the other day 'what happened to History of China?' I'm so glad you're ok

[@MeZapomatic5000]

We love you! You are amazing! Please do the Song Dynasty next!!!!!!!

[@History_of_China]

Thank you! I have to move on to the Ming first though ;)

[@hashashii]

YES!!! HE IS BACK!

[@gohanssj48]

Honey, wake up! Vincent posted a new video!

[@ShroomCorp]

hell yes this channel the best

[@History_of_China]

Thank you :)

[@homuraakemi493]

Welcome back!!

[@History_of_China]

Thank you!

[@ranko.5930]

Can't wait until Ming video's! 🤩

[@francescodandrea2713]

Finally the Long awaited Moment. Wonderful video as Always. I wanted ti ask whithc documentaries and dramas where take for the scene inside the video?

[@History_of_China]

Thank you! I always add my video credits in the description. In this case I used clips from the Korean series Empress Ki (2013), the Hongkongese series Eternal Happiness (2002) and the Chinese series Founding Emperor of Ming Dynasty (2006)

[@crossan-uq1cd]

YAY YOU'RE BACK! I look forward to your videos

[@History_of_China]

Thanks!

[@hadriendutheil217]

Loved watching it, maybe a series about the Song one day ?

[@History_of_China]

One day for sure! But for now, I'll move on to the Ming :)

[@hadriendutheil217]

@@History_of_China for sure it will be as great as the Yuan and Qing ones. About the southern ming i know a good book by lynn a. Struve if it may help you 😊

[@bigchungus4336]

Welcome back!

[@History_of_China]

Thank you!

[@XtremeGuy34]

ANOTHER BANGER OF A VIDEO

[@History_of_China]

Thank you!

[@crzyzhaa]

welcome back!!

[@History_of_China]

Thank you!

[@kidmohair8151]

not only will I "leave a like" I will also leave a comment. it has been a while since I have seen one of your videos. I look forward to the next. (I think I have figured out the numbers that precede the year dates, finally. month/year?)

[@History_of_China]

Thank you! Yes, I always use the D/M/Y year system, I find it the least confusing :)

[@user-dc7cy7ze3d]

Thanks for your videos Buddy, I hope you will do Ming dynasty emperors videoes next inshallah

[@History_of_China]

Thanks for following! That is the plan :)

[@klaypsarco1211]

I was just having a conversation about the yuan dynasty the other day, how fortuitous.

[@ChairmanKim]

I have to break through from my internet firewall to watch this awesome documentary 😘. -Chairman Kim

[@philsoro491]

Haha I knew I recognised that music. Total war three kingdoms I love playing. So much fun

[@OneAngrehCat]

Beautiful pronunciation of Avignon

[@caseygobel1227]

This is very interesting, there's so much we can learn from what happened in the past so not to fall into those same habits and cause unnecessary problems.

[@History_of_China]

Thanks! Fascinating how the same patterns keep emerging with societal shifts throughout history

[@caseygobel1227]

@@History_of_China It really is, and many fail to learn from history hence why it keeps happening

[@franciscomm7675]

The legend has returned. Will you now make a series about the ming dynasty?

[@friktogurg9242]

China returns

[@Slashed888]

Hands down one of the best channels for East Asian history

[@History_of_China]

Thank you so much!

[@litog888]

Just finished recently recently the wuxia heaven sword & dragon slaying saber, and empress ki a while ago. This certainly provided a profound historical context to these. I've even learned something new, that the popular ming blue & white porcelain were developed during the yuan dynasty. Interesting and well-researched; this provided profound insight to the decline of yuan; not only the usual incompetence or lack of ability of the rulers. As they say, the beauty of the details provided lots of insight for launching penetrating questions & analysis. In the end, it is the confluence of events & serendipity on the side of the hans that dealt the final blow. As with others, i'd like to see more of tang dynasty to the jurchen through to the period prior to the fall of the hans to the mongols. But more interestingly it would be to have as detailed a history series of the central asian peoples/"barbarians" such as xiongnu, khitan & jurchen people as they shaped china, south & east asia, west asia and europe. But, that is out of the scope of this channel.

[@History_of_China]

Thanks for your comment! I'm glad you enjoyed the video :) While I'll mention contacts between dynasties and kingdoms in China with neighbouring "barbarians", the focus will indeed always be on the events in China itself. Next series will be the Ming dynasty and its emperors!

[@bellocornelius1273]

We missed you

[@user-vs3yl3hd8r]

welcome back

[@History_of_China]

Thank you!

[@facelessmonk6640]

The return

[@arifahmedkhan9999]

Kipchaks! Interesting..

[@dnm4187]

The khan is back

[@doreensika837]

I love that you did this. I love the show empress ki but I hate how they made her this good hero when she wasn’t. And let’s face it the Mongols were good at capturing cities and wars, but they were not good at ruling.

[@DodoDodo-pi1ev]

I love the pronunciation

[@fatwizard1234]

I like Chinese history it’s very interesting plus I like the total war three kingdoms music too.

[@tonmai2541]

I was so rooting for the tormor guy for some reason. How stupid can the emperor be omg.

[@zainmudassir2964]

Wow great video about China history very interesting

[@History_of_China]

Thank you!

[@osam6356]

you've got to love Chinese history. Love from Ghana.

[@LeechUFC]

Babe History of China just dropped

[@RailEngineer2345]

Finally he return

[@diogenes6002]

the return of the king

[@tysor414]

35:06 oh my god he literally did the "why don't we just print more money" idea help😭😭

[@helengao6093]

Finalllllllllllllllllllllllyyyyyyyyyyyyyy!!!! It’s here!!! Where have you been?

[@History_of_China]

Working, unfortunately!

[@faroqe_omar]

Great as Always!!! I hope you’re doing well and keep doing well. Now I’m waiting for the Part of HONGZHI Emperor and I’m aware that it will take another 10 years to come that episode 😂 👶🏻-->🧔🏻‍♂️

[@History_of_China]

Thank you! Lol I'll do my best :)

[@budyonny3324]

Great work.Do you have a video plan about northern yuan dynasty? The reign of Northern Yuan was as long as that of the Ming Dynasty and became Ming`s greatest enemy. In the end,both conquered by manchulians.

[@History_of_China]

Thank you! I don't plan to cover the Northern Yuan itself, but as I cover the Ming I'll regularly talk about it as both indeed had strong (mainly antagonistic) interactions :)

[@ORMONDROPON]

It is criminal how underviewed these are- and it's not like the history of China is an oversaturated niche on KZbin; certainly not at this level of detail

[@mckdgz4994]

TOGTHO was effective but was displaced by the emperor. I wonder what happened to him after he exiled himself. Too bad the nation he solemnly swore to protect was ended because of Emperor Huizong and Ayushidara.

[@History_of_China]

It's not known for sure what happened to him after banishment, but it's likely he was assassinated by political rivals during his exile, possibly to prevent a comeback.

[@cowking1st]

I've played too much eu4 if I can recognize the rebel revolt sound effect. Feel authentic to what you always do to the Qing. (Or witness results of)

[@History_of_China]

Lol, I think it's a pretty fitting sound FX :)

[@khalidalali186]

It’s fascinating how all Royal or Imperial courts are similar. Regardless of what epoch you are looking at, or the civilization in-question. For all we care, this could’ve been about the Abbasid Caliphs of the 9th or 10th century, or the Byzantines of the 6th, etc. 🤷‍♂️

[@raidang]

Eastern Roman court (Byzantine royal family) is far more chaotic, dramatic and tragic than this

[@ieatfood891]

I'm related to Bayan, I think. From what my mother told me, I'm the 24th generation of Bayan's nephew Toqto.

[@edsheeranahmet6572]

THE GOAT

[@Kantoman]

Yesss. More history about my Mong/Hmong people. 💙

[@teovu5557]

You Hmong people really need to stop trying claim mongol history....lol You both speak separate languages from separate languages families, Hmong also have different ydna(haplogroup O) while mongols are ydna C2. Also we mongols dont call yourselves mongols til a few hundred years ago, we are called tata/dada and chiud....".mongol" was the name of our tribal confederation not ethnic group... You Hmong have a older ancient history and have nothing to do with mongols.... It is kind of sad you claim mongol just because you're called mong and it sounds so what similar. Lol

[@Kantoman]

@@teovu5557 go back to inner mongolia and outer and ask the original Hmong/Mong. Mongol is a new term which derived from the old Mong Language of Tang Dynasty. Mongolians today are something new. Even in the old mongol writings "Ghengis Khan" was (Mong) not Mongol. The word Mongol derived from Menggu which means (Older/ancient mong) as in the way their cultures are still traditional to the old ways. We Mongs dont Claim "Mongolians" we claim what is also ours. We claim Mong. We are also proto-mongols (Xiongnu who are descendents of Xia Dynasty) which are Mong people. Mohe/mojie, xianbei, rouran, and khitan all had Mong in them. Go ask Tuvans/Mongouer people of china as well they are descendet of kubilai khan and so am i. I also carry Ghengis genes and my genes derives from Liaoning, China. Kubilai also had Hmong/mong leaders under him that you will not find on the web. Since Mong were classified with others into Tu, Mongolians, Dau'er, Han, Miao, and others between 1949 and 1964, historical literatures under those names were created separately for our people. For examples, after John Langdon Down coined the northern Mong into Mongol (Mongoloid) for being retards (Down Syndrome behavior), the northern Mong history was defined into "Mongol" and translates into Mongolian history. Others discriminate against our name and defined Mong into Down syndrome. The situation just didn't instill discrimination and segregation within the Mong communities, it degrades our name. Our people and children became victims of offensive ridicule, and our name are being censored on Google and other social media platforms. Our children are ashamed to be called Mong and rather go by other ethnicities. If you would like to know more about our connection i am open to share.

[@Kantoman]

@@teovu5557 Governors under Kubilai Khan (mong) Just to clarify. We are not northern Mongols but todays time if we dont use the word Mong then we would be considered. Central Mongol/Eastern mongol/Western Mongols/Southern Mongols. The hmongs today are southeast Mongols who broke away after Yuan Dynasty broke apart. Be open minded that although we dont speak the same language due to hundreds of year separation, we at that time still claim Mong and that's how we united and took over Song Dynasty. Seng Sue Ly became Governor in Shanxi - Shensi 1267-1297 Wang Gnia Yee Thao, Governor in Hubei - Hupeh 1267-1309 Leng Sang Mua, Governor of Jiangxi - Kiangsi 1267-1288 Nang Leng Ly, Governor of Jiangxi - Kiangsi 1297-1343 * From 1355, Maab Shua began to form secret guerrilla units who would attack and rob the Mong villages (North & Central South) * Thieves and civillians also attacked the Mong. Mong got afraid and then began to move westward. * After the fall of the Mong government, Mong villages were attacked by Maab Shua including thieves and civillians. * By 1367, the Mong government failed to maintain order so MaabShua took over. Ming secret guerrilla units chased and killed the Mong. By 1375 • Mong started to flee westward. They began to disobey orders from the top, so each clan had its own chief and fled with his people. They did not stand ground to fight the enemies. • Others fled from Shanxi to the Yangtze River … and were led by at least two centurions…meaning “commanders”. • Some Mong fled the west following the Yantze River into Tibet. Part of these Mong eventually migrated down into Burma. • Thao also mentioned that some Mong were cut off, so they could not flee south from Shanxi. They fled westward from Shanxi along the river…I believe these are the Mong who settled into Gansu and Qinghai region.

[@jacksonterrance8833]

​@mikeev6715 have you ever meet any nepali people? Im thinking they are mongoloid as well

[@teovu5557]

funny how literally NO academics links Mong with Mongols save for ignorant hmong people who assume they are related just because of a word sounds a like. lol Delusional much?