Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) USMLE Step 1

📌𝐅𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰 𝐨𝐧 𝐈𝐧𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐠𝐫𝐚𝐦 :- / drgbhanuprakash
Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID)
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Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a primary immune deficiency disease characterized by low levels of protective antibodies and an increased risk of infections. Although the disease usually is diagnosed in adults, it also can occur in children. CVID also is known as hypogammaglobulinemia, adult-onset agammaglobulinemia, late-onset hypogammaglobulinemia, and acquired agammaglobulinemia.
NIAID supports research to determine genetic causes of CVID that may lead to therapeutic approaches to address the disease. Researchers also are exploring how antibody-based drugs may lessen the severity of the condition.
Causes
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CVID is caused by a variety of different genetic abnormalities that result in a defect in the capability of immune cells to produce normal amounts of all types of antibodies. Only a few of these defects have been identified, and the cause of most cases of CVID is unknown. Many people with CVID carry a DNA variation called a polymorphism in a gene known as TACI. However, while this genetic abnormality confers increased risk of developing CVID, it alone is not capable of causing CVID.
CVID is also linked to IgA deficiency, a related condition in which only the level of the antibody immunoglobulin A (IgA) is low, while levels of other antibody types are usually normal or near normal. IgA deficiency typically occurs alone, but in some cases it may precede the development of CVID or occur in family members of CVID patients.
Symptoms & Diagnosis
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People with CVID may experience frequent bacterial and viral infections of the upper airway, sinuses, and lungs. Acute lung infections can cause pneumonia, and long-term lung infections may cause a chronic form of bronchitis known as bronchiectasis, which is characterized by thickened airway walls colonized by bacteria.
People with CVID also may have diarrhea, problems absorbing food nutrients, reduced liver function, and impaired blood flow to the liver. Autoimmune problems that cause reduced levels of blood cells or platelets also may occur. People with CVID may develop an enlarged spleen and swollen glands or lymph nodes, as well as painful swollen joints in the knee, ankle, elbow, or wrist. In addition, people with CVID may have an increased risk of developing some cancers.
Doctors can diagnose CVID by weighing factors including infection history, digestive symptoms, lab tests showing very low immunoglobulin levels, and low antibody responses to immunization.
Treatment
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CVID is treated with intravenous immunoglobulin infusions or subcutaneous (under the skin) immunoglobulin injection to partially restore immunoglobulin levels. The immunoglobulin given by either method provides antibodies from the blood of healthy donors. The frequent bacterial infections experienced by people with CVID are treated with antibiotics. Other problems caused by CVID may require additional, tailored treatments.
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[@frankieangels4082]

Great video....I've had CVID for more than 20 years and didn't know some of this information.

[@kassahunsilass6970]

Thank you some much

[@juliebaxter7152]

My daughter was diagnosed at 4.5 because of an abnormal yearly eye exam! She was diagnosed at 11 with GLILD after her spleen stopped working and almost burst! We almost lost her

[@tejaswinijagtap9015]

Hello can you please state the sources of percentages used in clinical manifestations slide?

[@muskanashfaq5498]

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[@mdjawed6628]

Where is the best treatment of cvid in India my nice (17years)suffer from this pls reply

[@bighmay12]

Immunoglobulin treatments from healthy donors

[@payasvivlogs1351]

You can get treatment in AIG, hyderabad

[@jessiestevens1074]

I had this for years a few years ago I fully recovered it’s possible keep the faith

[@mirabalmedia]

I have been dealing with this CVID for years. I finally got diagnosed with it. I can’t live this way. I have lost a lot of weight, 55 pounds to be exact. I can’t really eat anything. This has completely ruined my life.

[@shla5445]

MirabalMedia smoke weed to help with your appetite but small amounts

[@xylmorph8297]

How did you recover? I’m doing keto and low dose naltrexone and it’s made a huge difference

[@xylmorph8297]

@@mirabalmedia One thing that helped me was giving up all gluten grains dairy so eating basically meat and vegetables

[@xylmorph8297]

@@mirabalmedia I know so many people with CVI who also have autoimmune so the low-dose nail trek zone and the keto has have really helped that and my auto immune antibodies get better every test I take