Comparative Mythology of the Indo European Creation Myth

[@Crecganford]

Please ask any questions below, and thank you for all your feedback about setting up a community. I will sort something out in the next few weeks :)

[@ArcanumArcanorum17]

Did you say these myths came from Iran?

[@Crecganford]

@@ArcanumArcanorum17 some of them from Persia which is geographically similar

[@stephan5673]

Are you on the new app, Descended from odin .

[@Crecganford]

@@stephan5673 It has annoying popups if you don't subscribe, and so I don't think I'll use it.

[@tsemayekekema2918]

There exists a minority interpretation of Eve's creation out of Adam (only a few old testament scholars are confirmed to hold this view, though there may be more in number than I know). According to this interpretation, Eve was not built out of Adam's rib during some sleep of anaesthesia as it is popularly translated & interpreted by non-academics, but rather Adam was placed in a visionary state (the correct interpretation of his "falling into a deep sleep"), and in the vision he was cut in half, and out of this half Eve was formed. The argument put forward by the old testament scholar John Walton is that the word usually translated "rib" or "side" elsewhere in the old testament texts refer to A SIDE OF A DUPLICATE OR PAIRED SYMMETRICAL OBJECT. This ties in with themes from the IndoEuropean myth: 1. Adam prior to Eve's creation though not technically or obviously androgynous, does for the sake of the story's plot have the yet-to-be-created Feminine within his body 2. In this vision Adam sees, Eve is made from his body by being cut longitudinally in a symmetrical HALF, evoking the TWINSHIP THEME from the IndoEuropean myth.

[@AmbroseKTal]

Are you looking through my notes? You are taking 4 years of my obsessions and expanding on them! Seriously though, I truly believe there was something in the past that was a root for all of these myths/religions and the way you trace them back is really well done. You are doing an excellent job and thank you for all your time and effort.

[@Crecganford]

Thank you for watching and your support, I'm now going to see if we can work out what they mean.

[@shaggyrandy1264]

Checkout Hamlet's Mill

[@Crecganford]

@@shaggyrandy1264 I actually have the original version of that beside me right now! I'm pondering re-reading it, I do remember it was a tough read but interesting

[@shaggyrandy1264]

@@Crecganford it made religion easier to understand.... Jullian Jaynes the bicameral mind is another good

[@deespaeth8180]

At lazershark: I know, right? I've been thinking the same for years.

[@dennisnieves8061]

I'm a junior anthropologist and theologian. I say junior because I couldn't continue following doctrine on either side of my studies. This is what I've been looking for for a long time. Folklore, oral history, has critical elements that is far more reliable than written history. You deserve far more recognition. Thank you. I'm opening old notes that I haven't read for more than two decades. Things are coming together where once I had dead ends.

[@Crecganford]

Thank you for your kind words, and I hope you find more of my videos that interest you.

[@SKH-kg1xw]

Very interesting. I'm a Persian speaker. I haven't read Bundahish, but have partly read Shahname which is heavily inspired by ancient Persian myths. The story has fascinating similarities to the story of Feridon who killed Azhidehak/Zahhak; an usurper of the thrown with serpents on his shoulders who fed on people's brains. The main reason Feridon rebelled against the serpent is that he had killed the sacred cow (Gov-e-barmaye) who had nursed Feridon with its milk when he had been abandoned by his mother to be spared. After Feridon became the King, his reign was over all the seven kingdoms, later distributed between his three sons Salm, Tur and Iraj. Oh, I forgot to mention that the person who helped Feridon to beat Azhidehak was not a stone god, but a blacksmith called Kave whose sons were killed and their brains eaten by the serpents.

[@pritsingh9766]

Alla hu akabaar !!!

[@dangerouswitch1066]

Fascinating

[@acaydia2982]

Fascinating

[@AlxKrex]

Another great video. Thank you. This is extremely interesting. Similar myths are found throughout the American continent. In the Maya creation myth we find the twin brothers heroes, Hunahpu and Xbalanque, the collapse of the sky and the deluge, the slaying of the earth crocodile, the raising of the sky and the erection of the five World Trees, the maize god or 'first father', the defeating of deities of Thunder and Lightning, etcetera. Have you read Popol Vuh?

[@Crecganford]

Yea, I don't know much about the Mayan culture but I will look into this. Thank you!

[@AlxKrex]

​@@Crecganford I didn't know about it either. It was my 13 y/o son who told me about it when he saw that I was watching your video. Some time ago my wife and I gave him a copy of the Popol Vuh because he likes to learn about mythology from different parts of the world. Now he has subscribed to your channel too. :)

[@L.P.1987]

The Popol Vuh, at least as we know it, was writted by a catholical friar: Francisco de Xerez. Based on an old 100% maya codex? Perhaps. But many ideas seem to be influenced by the christian-catholic religion. Hence the reason for the similarities.

[@shiverarts8284]

You Mayans and Mexicans are crazy.

[@mspence0826]

I have been spending so much time trying to discover this information. Thank you so much for posting this and continuing your research. I appreciate it.

[@the_mowron]

It's just like the ancient times. The story gets better when you hear it again.

[@Crecganford]

Thank you

[@lindakay9552]

I am obsessed with all mythologies. Especially Norse/Celtic. I have randomly stumbled across a couple of your videos. Can't believe I haven't seen you sooner. Subscribed now. I absolutely love your voice. Your stories are excellently narrated!

[@Crecganford]

Thank you so much for watching, and your very kind words, they are much appreciated.

[@HYDROCARBON_XD]

*germanic,norse is just a branch of Germanic lol

[@delamr1]

Humans had a need to explain nature..what happens around us...probably way before writing. This need may explain why so many believe false social media 'stories' about well everything..politics..UFOS big foot..etc etc .we just love stories so long as they have a 'Myth' quality The crazier..the better it is spread.

[@tia7134]

Wow you definitely need more recognition for this video!! So well presented and easy to follow yet detailed. Job well done👌

[@Crecganford]

Thank you, it was a challenge, but I am quite proud of what I managed to fit in and I haven’t seen another like it. So thank you for your kind words, they are very much appreciated.

[@alirezaghadimi7873]

Awesome video, these elements can also be seen in later scripts of 1010 AD, "Shahnameh" by Ferdowsi, where "Freidon", the warrior figure builds an army that is made from the sacrifice of one out of two brothers (twin), to fight the three-headed serpent king "Zhahhak". Please cover the mythological connections of proto-Indo-European beliefs in "Shahnameh" as well.

[@Wabel72]

Love your videos, they provide such an interesting insight about the past.

[@Crecganford]

Thank you for watching them, and taking the time to let me know. It is appreciated :)

[@heinaung5305]

Ok, In the Kayin ethnics of Burma, there's a story about a gaint man named An Gun Ja Wa, who's so strong that the king assassinated him. From his body, the air and soil were born. But this has many plot holes of course. Where were men living without air nor soil?

[@sciologist]

Absolutely Magnificent, thank you for sharing, expanding our knowledge.

[@ichigoapanchal9935]

now I know how the word "manusya" originated from, and of the topic of discussion thare is a one set of twins in Indian mythos called Nara-Narayana, described as previous incarnations of ajruna and Krishna.

[@nynthia1300]

Great job, my congratulations and thank you ! Listening to the old norse creation myth i noticed the name Trito and for me, as a Greek, this name sounds familiar. Athena, the virgin warrior goddess, daughter and probably the first child of Zeus, has another name "Tritogeneia", which means (from) the third genus. There are many speculations, even in the ancient times, about this name's origins but nothing solid. There was a place in Crete as well, written in a linear B tablet, with the name "ti-ri-to" = "Trito". I think the old myths found some weird ways to survine in the greek mythology. Thank you again!

[@wythore]

I'm a firm believe every creation myth is but a different retelling of the same event, probably some cosmic event that the ancient people witnessed millenia ago. If we could group up together all of the different versions of the story, find common ground but also noticing the differences between each and every version, we probably could figure out what really happened!

[@remyahari1922]

In Vedic Indian mythology there is another guy Yama apart from the sacrificed purusha. Yama was the first man to die and his twin Yaami grieved for him as she wanted to marry him. Tears became Yamuna river. Yama is also god of death for Hindus.

[@Dice_roller]

That isn't a Vedic myth, but instead a Puranic myth.

[@thomasrhodes5013]

"Before time there was darkness" That is seminal. If time is just the recording of the process of the generative/degenerative process, would it hold that the darkness was immortality. Symbolically the image of light would be more symbolically appropriate, no?

[@thegamecrasherthemastergam8485]

If you had to choose which Proto-Indo-European Mythology is your favorite, which one would you choose? I personally enjoy Zoroastrian but Irish-Celtic is also fascinating and has inspired worldbuilding I've done; However, I enjoy PIE Mythology the most.

[@Crecganford]

That’s a great question, and I have to say because of the quantity of Old Norse Myth, then that would be my first choice. However the root myths of PIE are the most fascinating.

[@Aryaveer_jadli]

pie is fictional

[@thegamecrasherthemastergam8485]

Explain@@Aryaveer_jadli

[@Jalino123]

1) I know this video is old, so I doubt you'll see this, but I just want to start with, your videos are fascinating and this is simply where I'm at while binge watching your Uploads playlist. Lol. Can't wait to see more. 2) I know you have an opinion about Christians, and that's totally fine. As a Christian, I wish other Christians would separate their convictions from other people's opinions. I appreciate your approach in this video to an understandably sensitive topic, but I also know the reason is because of the hate comments people tend to leave. I hate those, and I'm so sorry. I wish you didn't have to deal with it, because I'd love to hear you go into more detail about the similarities between Genisis and other culture's myths. I will be checking out your other video on it as well. Keep up the great work.

[@Crecganford]

Thank you for taking the time to comment, and I appreciate your words.

[@ruth4376]

OMG I am such a nerd! I wrote an prize-winning essay about Indo-European and the horse at uni citing David Anthony a lot, and I have that book by him! Also it's interesting about the god being cut into pieces, similar to Osiris in Egyptian mythology .and the the Romulus/ Remus drama. annoying questions: do you reckon 'mannus' is the cognate of 'man'?

[@Crecganford]

Yes, Manu is cognate with man, the first man, as it relates to Yemo (twin) and Trito (third). So from a poetry and linguistic perspective it really is the most natural of fits.

[@ruth4376]

@@Crecganford Oh yeah Yemo like Gemini! That's so cool!

[@abelaidloera5930]

Man in PIE is gHomon: made of dirt. Deriving from degHom: Earth, dirt. This coincides with almost all creation myths in which mankind was made from dirt or mud by a god or gods.

[@_sayan_roy_]

I'm originally an Indian Bengali, one of the eastern most IE (also me being upper caste and my look, I've relatively more genetic lineage to IE, I reckon). In our language, "maanush" means a person or a human, and generally used more to refer to a man. That's probably the closest cognate of "mannus" in 2023. "maanus" or "maanas" or its cousin words like "maanav", etc. in Hindi or other North Indian languages (Sanskritic) or maybe something similar in Sanskrit, are used for similar reasons.

[@LordChlCha]

I was looging for this king of video for a long time. Thank you Crecganford!

[@bevdavis4148]

the part about the king being willing to sacrifice himself to save his people made me think of the last king of the Mittani who sacrificed himself and his army to the Assyrians so his people could flee to India.

[@Crecganford]

Exactly, a king must be willing to sacrifice himself for the people! Thank you for watching, and taking the time to comment. It is appreciated.

[@shobadasari5363]

What was india called in that part of story?

[@CAFEkatArt]

This sort of thing is exactly the kind of rabbit hole I’ve been looking for research for my stories

[@brendanschnabel188]

I appreciate your time and effect put into these amazing videos. There is no high truth than knowledge. Peace be with you brother.

[@Crecganford]

Thank you so much for watching, and your kind words.

[@amberlouise1135]

It's so fascinating to me that the mythology was suppressed and then brought back by Jesus himself becoming the ultimate sacrifice who creates the New Covenant, New Earth, etc. Christians themselves are now "the body of Christ" and the Passover meal representing his blood and body. There might not be a story (in the Bible) about his body parts being used to create the earth but the symbolism is still there.

[@mombythesea2426]

You did a wonderful job presenting. I'm just not sure how this story has anything to do with the biblical account. Aside from the topic of creation, they are nothing alike.

[@lh384]

I'm curious, but you didn't mention it: Does the story of Cain and Abel, and the subsequent birth of Seth, fit into the creation myth. It seems like Cain and Abel would be analogues to Manus and Yemo, with Seth coming later as Trito.

[@Crecganford]

Cain and Abel are very interesting, but when it comes down to details it is difficult to link them even if on the surface they look similar. I will make a video about this in the coming months though as it is often requested. Thank you so much for watching and supporting the channel through your comments, I appreciate it.

[@lococomrade3488]

Nice. How is the Shatapatha Brahmana (~700BCE) one of the youngest text in the video? The Eddas weren't written until the 13th Century, and after the Norse were Christian-ized. It's a bit unfair to assume or consider them untouched by the Christians. Eddas are probably not the original Norse mythos... The Germania was like 98ce, Livy was born in like 60bce the Dead Sea Scrolls (Bible) only dates to 250ce, Enoch 250bce.. With the RigVeda, Zoroastrianism,and the Enuma Elis in here.. I'd say Shatapatha is the early-middle ground.

[@Crecganford]

Thanks for watching and you comments. And I meant that in the sense that it's a religious text, not a narrative written by someone (Prose Edda, Tacitus etc), and so I apologise if that wasn't clear. And I state in many videos before about the Eddas and the potential bias in them from Christian sources, and so I don't quite see what is unfair, and go on to state the story isn't probably the original version of the Norse Creation myth.

[@lococomrade3488]

@@Crecganford I think the Eddas were wayyy heavily influenced.. to the point of forcing the stories to change... by Christianity. More than just a slight bias. So, I see it as a bit unfair to assume the Eddas are close enough to their original mythos to be included in this vid, or in an ancient indo-euro connection. They're just too late in time to be considered. 13th Century... that's like when Dante was around.. As a whole, next to the Rigveda and Enuma Elis, the Norse are basically irrelevant. Way too late in the game.

[@Crecganford]

@@lococomrade3488 I would agree with the doubt at the contents of the Prose Edda, and academics have shown at least one story is just completely made up to help with Christian conversion. However the poems of the Poetic Edda, with their language use are up to 500 years older than their writings, and we sometimes see multiple examples of similar poems, including the Voluspa, and so this has significant academic support of being far less influenced by those who wrote them down, alongside the fact that it is much harder to change a poem without leaving clues (and there are a few here and there). And some of this is supported further through picture stones, archaeological finds, other texts etc. So I wouldn't write it all off, the Eddas, especially the Poetic Edda, still have much value in understanding Old Norse culture and beliefs.

[@lococomrade3488]

@@Crecganford O I dont write it off, I just take it with a huge grain of salt, and cry that we dont have anything more OG.... Yet.. [fingers crossed for archeologists]

[@nazareneoftheway3936]

Coming from an abrahahmic and heavily Afro cultured background we are often told mostly of western semitic culture basics like creations and such and some eastern hamitic as we call them based on our Noah story, but we are almost NEVER given information on the Indo European and other more Japhetic cultures and it's very hard to find objective sources and channels that put them succinctly, giving us much ignorance for lack of available knowledge on the upper Asian and Indo people's lives and world and your channel has helped me personally with my studies on the major ethnic groups, languages, and geographical kingdoms of the sons of humanity as I search to understand and appreciate them based on our biblical understanding via the table of nations. Keep providing such undeniably endless value you are teaching many people and informing them on things that should be talked about MORE and are sorely misunderstood.

[@Crecganford]

Thank you for your kind words, they are appreciated.

[@76rjackson]

It's been a while but I seem to recall that there are several parallels between Sumerian myth and the Popol Vuh of the Maya, the hero twin brothers being among the most prominent.

[@antonmuzik]

What do you think about the Armenian hypothesis? It seems that the origins of Proto Indo European language originated there

[@Crecganford]

A good question, and one we don't know the answer too. The PIE language was no doubt influenced by other cultures, and from the region where Armenia is would be one of those, but also the Near East, and probably further West towards Asia. There is a lot of studying going on right now to try and find out what is the most likely option, especially now DNA has helped us confirm some migrations. I would expect David Anthony to release something in the coming few years talking about it, and in the mean time if I find any interesting papers on the subject I will present them here.

[@literallynothinghere9089]

Man I found this channel today. Immediately subscribed

[@Crecganford]

Thank you

[@DamianParedes99]

I have been looking trough your indoeuropean mithology videos I several time you include Babylonian and Hebrew myths... Arent those Semitic lenguages ? How would that prove continuity of the myths trough diferent language familys ?

[@Crecganford]

Great question, and there are a number of ways which we collect data to place within a phylogenetic process to understand the likihood of a myth dispersing to other places. This includes known cultural integrations, DNA, linguistic evolution, mythemes or particular phrases used consistantly within the stories, archaeological evidence etc. And so perhaps the most consistent example used is where we know Indo-Europeans travelled through the Near East and into Africa as we see their myths in there, along with their DNA (i.e. the cattle raiding myths of the San people).

[@Arnsteel634]

I’m an American. I drink coffee… now i drink English breakfast tea while watching your videos

[@Crecganford]

I call that a win for England :)

[@Newtsie3]

Big fan of the channel! Love the video but was confused about the connection between Tiamat and Behemoth. Do the names have connections to each other in some way or is there a separate reason why the two are linked? Regardless, keep up the great work!

[@Crecganford]

That is a good question, and to answer it properly needs a good video, and that is something I am working on as it has many implications for those who are Abrahamic in their faith.

[@Newtsie3]

@@Crecganford thanks so much for the response! I eagerly await the video!

[@mytube12]

Northern Eurasia do not have lightning or snakes anywhere as near as Equatorial places. So most probably the "Thunder god slaying water serpent" myth originated near the equator.

[@elderscrollsswimmer4833]

Nordic Lights making it a world serpent surrounding the Midgaard?

[@cathydombrovske9235]

Fascinating work, Jon White! I've been an ancient-ancient history nerd since childhood, and your videos bring so much into focus for me. It's so interesting to see how humankind has evolved, culturally, spiritually and psychologically, from our Neolithic origins, into what we are today. Watching your videos, I keep having Aha! moments, where the results of your research resonate with thoughts and intuitions I've had over my 76 years of trying to understand what makes us tick as human beings on this planet.

[@lesact]

Please check 23min20sec (Romulus and Remus). I was going along with this quite happily as Romulus and Remus arguing about the city they are GOING TO found, then Romulus killing Remus. But now, all of a sudden, R&R are seen as a threat to the Rome, which has ALREADY been founded, and which already has GENERATIONS of kings, (R&R mother = previous king's daughter), and the current king sees R&R claim as a threat! I'm happy to go along with a certain amount of bending to find the cognates, but not to the point of plasticine :-) Though I'm still loving this, by the way.

[@Clifford_Banes]

Unsurprisingly, the ol' priests were spreading a story about a god-priest that made everything and everyone, then gave them everything they needed to live. ..aaand, if they want to keep getting everything they need, all they need to do is share some of that with the priest ;) Bro, I bet whoever started it only hoped to fool a few people for a limited time. Fast forward 15.000 years:

[@dantanner6631]

🦸‍♂️this man has a uniqe ability for storytelling🙌

[@Crecganford]

Thank you!

[@keithedwards9953]

You know the funny thing is... Christianity has more gods than any mythology. "Know ye not that ye are gods?"

[@yagomoraes6393]

Very good material, as always. When I saw the Chinese myth of Pan Gu in the "genealogical tree", I was hoping you would talk about it too. I know you focus on indo-european mythology, but it would be interesting to know how the Chinese myth aligns with these myths. Further, I remember the Aztec myth of creation is VERY similar to the Babilonian. A video comparing them would be very interesting too.

[@HYDROCARBON_XD]

I would like to see proto-Afroasiatic mythology,how are Egyptian and Christianity related? That would be pretty cool

[@Crecganford]

Christianity did take a huge chunk of Egyptian mythos and applied it to Jesus. I'm not sure I would be the best person to talk about it, but I can try and find someone who is to talk to.

[@aariley2]

So why did the ancient humans even see a need to make up a religion? I can see trying to explain things and especially, even now, to control others. But it seems an extreme thing to do to me Why did they see the need to sacrifice animals and sometimes people?

[@Crecganford]

You may like my next video which is about the earliest of creation myths... myths which had no gods.

[@BobU2b1]

Are there analogues of PIE, cultural and mythological diffusion in other geographical locations?

[@Crecganford]

Yes, certainly we see this in North America, where three distinct waves of migration happened at the last glacial maximum, and there maybe a similar pattern in Oceania and Australia, although I'm less well versed in the anthropology here.

[@MrFomhor]

Why the lack of (Irish and or Welsh) Celtic mythology in your comparisons?

[@Crecganford]

Because the lack of solid evidence compared to other cultures. I do touch on this in other videos, but there was much Christian influence in any evidence we have it makes it a minefield to pick through. But I do, I think in my video on Wolfish Rage, talk about the Tain Bo, and how there are passages there that absolutely link to IE culture, and a reflex of the creation myth.

[@yaruqadishi8326]

There's other creation stories and Holy Texts from the middle east besides bible and enuma elish. Well there is The Baal Cycle Scripture for Canaan(Palestine/Lebanon/Syria). Baal fights His brother The God Yam and The Other God Mot/Mitu His other brother. And, He Baal Lord Wins both battles. It's theophony but has several traces of the Levantine Creation Legend and tale from us Canaanites.

[@geoffreyharris5931]

Who are the Canaanites now?

[@yaruqadishi8326]

@@geoffreyharris5931 Palestinians

[@yaruqadishi8326]

@@geoffreyharris5931 us Palestine and Lebanon and Syria. 🇵🇸🇱🇧🇸🇾

[@FilesdocumentsAndreposit-kr3vb]

You are all mixed with those Semitic Arabs

[@jimmyfaulkner1855]

Great video! I am fascinated with European mythology, but recently I have become interested in Aztec mythology and I do not think it gets the attention it deserves. Do you think there are any similarities between Hesiod’s ‘Ages of Man’ and the Aztec ‘Five Suns’ or are there mainly differences? Another way of asking the question is are there any commonalities between Mexica (Aztec) cosmology and/or accounts of early civilization with Hesiod's accounts? Greek mythology is very popular, and Hesiod was one of the best ancient writers who documented a lot of mythological conceptions within ancient Greek society. One of the most important and interested mythological frameworks is the so called ‘Ages of Man’ concept. The Ages of Man are the historical stages of human existence according to Greek mythology and its subsequent Roman interpretation. Both Hesiod (and later Ovid with his four ages) offered accounts of the successive ages of humanity, which tend to progress from an original, long-gone age in which humans enjoyed a nearly divine existence to the current age of the writer, in which humans are beset by innumerable pains and evils. In the two accounts that survive from Ancient Greece and Rome, this degradation of the human condition over time is indicated symbolically with metals of successively decreasing value (but increasing hardness). The Greek poet Hesiod (between 750 and 650 BC), in his poem ‘Works and Days’ (lines 109-201) records this. His list is: * Golden Age - The Golden Age is the only age that falls within the rule of Cronus. Created by the immortals who live on Olympus, these humans were said to live among the gods and freely mingled with them. Peace and harmony prevailed during this age. Humans did not have to work to feed themselves, for the earth provided food in abundance. They lived to very old age but with a youthful appearance and eventually died peacefully. Their spirits live on as "guardians". Plato in Cratylus (397e) recounts the golden race of men who came first. He clarifies that Hesiod did not mean men literally made of gold, but good and noble. He describes these men as daemons upon the earth. Since δαίμονες (daimones) is derived from δαήμονες (daēmones, meaning knowing or wise), they are beneficent, preventing ills, and guardians of mortals. * Silver Age - The Silver Age and every age that follows fall within the rule of Cronus's successor and son, Zeus. Men in the Silver age lived for one hundred years under the dominion of their mothers. They lived only a short time as grown adults, and spent that time in strife with one another. During this Age men refused to worship the gods and Zeus destroyed them for their impiety. After death, humans of this age became "blessed spirits" of the underworld. * Bronze Age - Men of the Bronze Age were hardened and tough, as war was their purpose and passion. Zeus created these humans out of ash tree. Their armor was forged of bronze, as were their homes, and tools. The men of this Age were undone by their own violent ways and left no named spirits; instead, they dwell in the "dark house of Hades". This Age came to an end with the flood of Deucalion. * Heroic Age - The Heroic Age is the one age that does not correspond with any metal. It is also the only age that improves upon the age it follows. It was the heroes of this Age who fought at Thebes and Troy. This race of humans died and went to Elysium. * Iron Age - Hesiod finds himself in the Iron Age. During this age, humans live an existence of toil and misery. Children dishonor their parents, brother fights with brother, and the social contract between guest and host (xenia) is forgotten. During this age, might makes right, and bad men use lies to be thought good. At the height of this age, humans no longer feel shame or indignation at wrongdoing; babies will be born with gray hair and the gods will have completely forsaken humanity: "there will be no help against evil." The idea that mankind’s history is one of regress rather than of progress has been seen as central to the classical outlook on life. The famous historian of ideas, Arthur O. Lovejoy documents this phenomenon reflected in Greek and Roman mythology within his work titled *’Primitivism and related ideas in antiquity’* (1935). He distinguishes between chronological primitivism, cultural primitivism, soft primitivism, and hard primitivism. Hesiod also appears to document a “progressive” view of human history in his tale of the myth of Prometheus which stands in fascinating contrast to the “regressive” Ages of Man. Anyway, with all that said about the Hesiodic Ages of Man, I was expanding my research in other cultures mythology, and I read about a concept within Mexica (Aztec) Mythology (and cosmology) called the ‘Five Suns’. These indigenous people’s mythological views were that the world has gone through five distinct cycles of creation and destruction, with the current era being the fifth. It is primarily derived from a combination of myths, cosmologies, and eschatological beliefs that were originally held by pre-Columbian peoples in the Mesoamerican region, including central Mexico, and it is part of a larger mythology of Fifth World or Fifth Sun beliefs. It seems that there is a fundamental similarity between the Hesiodic Greek Ages of Man and Mexica (Aztec) Five Suns as both have five ages of man (with both seeming to be regressive) and in both modern man is in the fifth age. They also seem to be similar in assuming cyclical time. However, I am not an expert on Mexica (Aztec) Mythology and Cosmology and that I am looking for people who are more educated than me to educate and inform me whether I am correct in my assumptive assessment. So, can we compare and contrast Mexica (Aztec) cosmology and/or accounts of early civilization with Hesiod's accounts (Ages of Man and maybe even perhaps the myth of Prometheus)? Are there any commonalities (as I suspect), or only differences?

[@nazareneoftheway3936]

The biblical creation myth you are right us demythologizing it to a more objective rendering that they probably thought it was originally meant to convey that people mistakingly thought was super literal. It's like me saying "fire a flame god mated with water a god of moisture and from their union, smoke the god of obscurity was made, and he was rose higher in the heavens than either of his parents as he aged, fire preferred to suckle on Gaia the earth, water preferred to feed off the tables of between sky and Gaia, but smoke rose higher and higher still, until he became old and frail, and died from flying too high into the heavens, being killed by sky, the ruler of the heavens, but as he died he poisoned sky, weakening him, and thus sky lost some of his glory." That's all a FANTASTICAL way of saying LITERALLY: ➡️ When fire and water collide smoke forms and rises high into the sky and dissipates over time and when it does it leaves some chemical residue in the air that can be toxic to the environment sometimes. That's a very simplified way of showing what the Israelites did with older base stories of humanity, they weren't saying there wasn't intelligence in different parts of creation whether the heavens, earth whatever, they weren't saying the pagans were wrong in their base understanding of somethings but that they started to literally believe all of it was all different deities and or could be used to abuse other parts of creation destructively to get what they wanted excessively and wastefully, creating endless scores of gods and goddesses where (at least to Hebrews) this just simply wasn't objectively true, in their eyes this was even according to their own myths, there's a set basis of a council of intelligent heavenly entities, and one entity rules over this heavenly court/hosts (a "pantheon"/oligarchy/council/tribunal/Sanhedrin); what was meant to be mysteries used to preserve and pass down ancient wisdom on how to live righteously in harmony with creation and please The source of all creation became abused to grab and seize power irresponsibly and lead humanity towards destructive habits, mindsets and spiritual conditions. If you even read and look at scholarly opinions on it, the bible is not a fully monotheistic book, it's monotheistic in essence, in that there is only one council of gods and by derivative only one leader of those gods, not multiple subjective ones humans can just create out of thin air and worship as real cause they said so (the ancient Hebrews considered that prideful and arrogant and would eventually lead humans to calling themselves gods equal to the head God or council when we are nowhere near as powerful as them as they are the reason we have these bodies). If anything it's monolatristic/henotheistic (Elohism/Yahwism suncretized). This is confirmed as a congruent thought by the sister cultures of mesopotamia and Canaan. There is a head deity who denies/approves the various actions and deliberations of a council of lesser entities who were made from inactive/useless/"dead" pre-creation substances and made alive by this head deities life-giving power (the life itself being an intelligence akin to the head deities "son" or "emissary" as a king and/or priest is to a deity as a representative), the Hebrews called this "sky -father" type El Elyon or El Shaddai (this title brings to mind a God and the word el in general envisions an ox or bull, connections to the PIE cow motif symbolism), "God, The Highest God" /"God, the Provider (of all) (male ox leads and the female ox provides, so God leads and God provides) before yahwism. Even the personal name YHWH is a phenomena that may have multiplicity inferred even if not by identity (which may still be, wouldn't affect the faith any less) by complexity of existence at least (the same way we have a slew of emotional states and different thoughts), as YHWH is used in the earliest forms of the Bible right before "Elohim" which is a plural form of "God" so is objectively rendered "Gods", in which as far as I know this is not a poetic expression so it means literally more than one heavenly intelligence is there in the situation, if so YHWH is either the name of the head of them, El ELYON, OR is his Et- which ACTIVATES the other gods from a dead state into a living one which may be more accurate to ugaritic text, one of or analogous to his rightful heir or representative, or is it the name of the actual COUNCIL in unison in harmony with the head deities will (the same way we have a collection of representatives of countries that come together with a head presider to decides what goes through or not and we give this collection of intelligent creatures of the same substance/species the name "The United Nations" or a round table of knights with a king and prince (and maybe queen?), Elohim is the collection of heavenly intelligence that governs everything, the presider is the head who gave them this authority and purpose, the queen, El Shaddai if needed is there to exemplify the beauty and glory the kings rule provides, and the prince Et- is there to show the future security and growth of rulership and the land being ruled over and stave off usurpers, he's also able to act in the kings stead when the king isn't readily around or is sent off to another land to speak for him with his complete authority over the situation. This is how divinity works in the biblical narrative, they only focused a lot more on the monogamous aspects later on because the same issue of trying to make factions based off other divinities other than the ruling family and using that to commit inhumane crimes in the lands kept happening so theology was forced to evolve that way more heavily.

[@karenlankford8558]

One of the take aways for me is that you cannot kill a good story. If you want people to accept a new doctrine, you have to couch it in terms that do not require people to give up a well loved tale. You graft your theology onto the existing story and modify the tale just enough to make it compatible with your ideas.

[@jaroslavchrastil8906]

Do you know any way where to read Dove Book in english translation? (Or Czech or Slovakian?)

[@Crecganford]

I was pondering publishing my translation, I will do that this week. Check academia.edu in a few days and you should be able to find it :)

[@jaroslavchrastil8906]

@@Crecganford Great! Thank you so much 😍

[@opabinnier]

We say SLEW, not "slayed".

[@gregharn1]

What I'm getting from this is there's really no difference in Jesus, black Jesus & Korean Jesus... Jk jk!

[@Crecganford]

It's true, they're all man made constructs

[@dracorex426]

If the world is made from from the dead body of the king/twin, where does the Earth Mother come from? Also, where do humanity being created from trees or mud and the Tree of Life come in?

[@Crecganford]

I'll explain the tree of life in my next video on Saturday, as for the Earth Mother, she was more a Neolithic Farmer figure that persisted, which I touch on in my Finding the Oldest Gods video. But I will talk more about both of these in future videos. Thanks for watching, and your question.

[@quackaddict2203]

Me sitting here thinking about the cow flying through the cosmos before it had a home lol

[@Crecganford]

As it mooed through time and space...

[@arpanmandal7244]

If people can believe God created world in 6 day and all people comes from Adam and Eve then why not.

[@LanguageBLOX1_Alt]

So unfortunate people kill innocent animals for some invisible non present God

[@Crecganford]

Religion can be rubbish at times.

[@bosuttlutt]

the lighting is spectacular, but that automated gate... wheeeeeeew. LOVE your overwhelmingly knowledgeable perspective from which you're so gregariously flowing this... patience of knowing.. dunno how else to describe it, but gawddamn, your autogate+autogain is making my ptsd use words its not supposed to at work. i'm sure this is a very singular issue. so, please, don't spend money to change a THING if it's just me, but if there are other folks out there with strategies for listening through these issues (i'd just read but memory kinda... disappears from text after an hour or so) i would be so grateful. not at all the only source i encounter this issue with, but i aint got time to edit the audio on stuff anymore now that i can actually like.. go out in public and work.

[@Crecganford]

I have a better microphone now :) Thank you.

[@nazareneoftheway3936]

Also with Zeus in the hymn mentioned there is also a (polemic or syncretizing) of Yeshua and Zeus. Zeus is said to be the first and last (alpha and Omega) In the book of revelation which is meant to provide the revelation of who Yeshua is in the heavenly aspect, HE is the first and last, the beginning and the end, (alpha and Omega, aleph Tau, Et). The physical expression of the invisible or unknown divine essence.

[@DublinCityHeart]

I love this channel ❤️ My daughter studied Sanskrit from age 4 at school and did a GCSE at age 14, she also studied Latin, Ancient Greek, Classics reading the Mahabharata and the Illiad as a kid, she loved it... Now the Mahabharata had some stuff which wasnt exactly PG! If people get their kids interested in tgese subjects at a young age they will take to it. She also studied Irish Gaelic.

[@Crecganford]

Thank you for your kind words, and I hope my videos help.

[@DublinCityHeart]

@@Crecganford yes your videos are brilliant. Thank you for your work and if your ever coming to Ireland let me know!

[@MidgardMusings]

Found your channel thanks to Robert Sass. Loving your content so far!

[@Crecganford]

Thank you, and if you have any questions please ask in the comments. I try and reply to as many as I can.

[@AmandaHugandKiss411]

This creation story is almost a retelling of the creation story of the Ancient Egyptian gods. The serpent, the original (2×4 -8) "God/Forces/Sacred Elements" that created the Universe, Earth and then the first God to rule and govern the Universe, Earth and Mankind.

[@ashcatalina8149]

Where did you get all your ancient deity statues? I would love to have some replicas myself, but I can’t seem to find any anywhere.

[@Crecganford]

I have friends who work at museums and so get me replicas.

[@IrishEagIe]

I disagree. For example, can you name a ship that sailed in the Atlantic, hit an iceberg, sank and didn't have enough rescue boats? If you thought the Titanic you'd be wrong. I was talking about the SS Titan, in a book that was written 14 years before the Titanic disaster. Every culture has it's own form of creation myth, and there are similarities in each one, but few are sometimes hardly related. I think to say that most creation myths come from the exact same origin is fairly narrow minded, in my opinion, and doesn't take in the full stretch of influence, creativity and possibly insight from God which is normally overlooked for this single origin creation story theory.

[@ArcanumArcanorum17]

You can't compare that to a bunch of different mythologies steming from the same source and interacting with each other for millenia, but I do get your poijt.

[@Crecganford]

But the names are the same across cultures, with similar motifs, it is highly improbable they're not linked

[@briananderson2219]

Hot cup of coffee ready!

[@Crecganford]

Happy days!

[@ajithsidhu7183]

@@Crecganford great vid more on indo european india please

[@Crecganford]

@@ajithsidhu7183 of course!

[@silasfrisenette9226]

I am only halfway through, and so you might mention it; but to me, Odin calling himself "high", "just as high" and "third" seems to me to be a way for Odin to "take over" the older myth as the supreme/highest of the gods, unmatched. High could be an epithet of Manus (especially if they were pictured as giants), and "just as high" would very obviously be his twin - third is Trito, and it explains why the first two "share" a name, and the third seems like the odd one out. Odin saying "well all three of those were actually me" puts him in the undisputable role of the mightiest god. My guess is that that's an innovation either by the Odin-fearing peoples or by the authors of the Eddas to make it fit more neatly into a streamlined hierarchical pantheon. Perhaps even one that is easier digestable for a Christian audience with the highest god as the creator, the sacrificed and the sacrificer, with a direct parable to the holy trinity of christianity, with the "old almighty god possessing three forms, sacrificing one of them for the sake of order in the cosmos". Just a thought - and one that I'm sure has been extensibly explored by people far more educated in the field than I am 😊

[@silasfrisenette9226]

I looked it up to be sure, and as far as I can see the story is written in Snorri's Edda - he was known to have mixed Christianity into the stories to make it easier for a Christian audience to read and relate - such as the story of Baldir, who I believe was portrayed intentionally as a Jesus-like figure. I stand by my initial theory! If you have any sources that discuss this, I'd love to read more!!

[@silasfrisenette9226]

Addition: I see now that they are placed on thrones, with high on the lowest, just-as-high on the second lowest (which would indicate the "just-as-" is more metaphorical) and third on the highest. This would also fit well with the warrior being elevated to the highest position amongst vikings (I believe I read somewhere that the top of the Old Norse pantheon was more warrior than king, like the rotation of Tyr < dieus to a less important god) Edit: I remember being taught that Odin and Thor were both "gods of warriors" but in different ways; Odin was the chaotic, magical god of war, Thor was the ordered, strong god of war - chaotic versus orderly, mysterious, magical, strategic versus brute strength and such dichotomies

[@silasfrisenette9226]

Not to mention the all too easy (lazy even?) trick of "I call myself .." with no explanation of motive for the disguise, explanation of why he needed to appear in three forms at once or anything like this .. Just "I call myself by those names" 😜

[@Crecganford]

Yes, you definately understand what was going on, this is definitely a Snorri -ism. He is trying to infer a reference that Christian's understand. But also most people don't realise that the Prose Edda was a book to understand/explain Old Norse poetry first and foremost, rather than an academic book on the Old Norse, and it is littered with Christianization of facts and conversion stories, and so this description of Odin should be considered as fitting this desire.

[@silasfrisenette9226]

@@Crecganford that's how I understood it; a sort of "Old Norse myths told for Christians". In that case I'm even more confident in my interpretation of that piece - thanks! The fact that all three sit on a throne also corroberates the idea that a king encompasses all three parts (but as mentioned perhaps not in the same quantity for the vikings) 😊

[@DavidLightbringer]

Hey there, love your channel and all the meticulous research, as I mentioned the other day. So I’ve been thinking about the chaoskampf myth and the related creation myths, and how sometimes the dragon-slaying is separate from the creation myth (as seems to be the case with the PIE setup) and sometimes the sacrificed twin becomes the dragon (Tiamat, most notably). Ymir represents chaos, like Tiamat, and from both are made the world. Now. You mentioned there’s no cattle stealing in Norse myth, but given that the cattle stealing is also the dragon slaying, and considering that Jormungand and Vrirtra and other such chaos dragons hold back (steal) the waters of the ocean or the outer ocean, and release a flood when slain - I wonder if the flood release and the cattle return aren’t equivalent. The point is fertility and prosperity; stealing the cattle is akin to a drought, perhaps. Releasing the pent up waters and bringing back the cattle could be similar. So Thor slaying Jormungandr in conjunction with the releasing of his tail could be similar. I think a lot of what used to be creation myth ideas worked their way into Ragnarok, because Ragnarok is a remaking or recreation of the world. Curious to hear your thoughts. I haven’t watched the rest of this playlist yet so apologies if you get to this. I’m definitely going to finish it though, it’s fabulous! Cheers friend

[@Crecganford]

The tale of Thor fishing for the Midgard serpent is infact a reflex of the cattle raiding myth... Thor kills cattle, catches serpent with cattle, then kills giants. The Ragnarok event I feel is the equivalent of the flood event in older myths. But to explain that in a text reply will be futile unless I could write a book. So perhaps I should do a video about it :) I'll put that on my list, after I've finished my current plans which involve death, dogs, and Odin.

[@DavidLightbringer]

@@Crecganford right on, I totally get that. You know with Vritra it’s even more obviously similar to cattle stealing because Vritra drinks up all the oceans with all the fish and whatnot. Very cool... like I said I’m looking forward to the rest of your videos :)

[@DavidLightbringer]

Also there’s a few “remaking of the world” myths which are similar to or borrow from the creation myth slaying. Typhon is slain by Zeus at a final battle, and in Vedic myth there’s Gochir I believe it is. It’s a logical thing to do, have your end of the world / remaking of the world myth reflect or parallel the creation myth.

[@Crecganford]

@@DavidLightbringer Yes, The Greek myths are a little removed from the original motifs, but still recognizable :)

[@geoffreyharris5931]

You should talk about the Ulster Cycle particularly the Tain Bo Cuilgne, The Cattle Raid of Coolney staring Cu Cuthullain, the Hound of Cullen, earlier known as Sentana.

[@Crecganford]

Yes, I want to! I have touched on that in videos about the British Creation Myth, but will do a series of videos on this when time allows.

[@mspence0826]

Very much looking forward to a video on this. I haven’t read these yet, but they are on my book list.

[@franzwohlgemuth2002]

I've always said that it's all connected... simply separated by millennia and culture...

[@biornr.4031]

Please don't use "giant" for the jötnar. It is misleading and inaccurate. Some jötnar were indeed huge, but they are a very diverse bunch, when it comes to how they look. Some don't have normal bodies, others are not even humanod, etc. It is rather annoying to have them mischaracterised like that. Furthermore, Ymer was killed, not sacrificed - sacrifice suggests ritual, which we don't see mentioned here. There is nothing about Odin and his siblings killing the Jotunn for Bor's pleasure or benefit, and him then fashioning the earth, or something to that effect (at least not in the Gylfaginning, which you cite, or what I have read of the eddas myself). They, Odin and brothers, killed Ymer and got on with it.

[@Crecganford]

I agree, it is a bad habit, and in fact my latest video goes to great lengths to say the Jotnar are not giants. Sorry about that.

[@biornr.4031]

@@Crecganford as long as you have changed it and corrected the record, it's fine :)

[@sarahgalea4010]

Such a good video! I'm so glad I discovered your channel.

[@Crecganford]

Thank you for discovering Crecganford, and another thank you for taking the time to leave a comment. It is appreciated and supports the channel.

[@astronomusedallas2152]

John, Egyptian Seth (Setekh) cut Osiris (Usir) into pieces which are life giving. Could this myth have parallels with the Proto Indo-European creation myths? Ty, Astronomuse

[@Crecganford]

I will do a video on this soon, but yes, there are certainly motifs that align to the Indo-European myths.

[@astronomusedallas2152]

@@Crecganford Looking forward to the video, interested to hear your ideas. I've been delving into a myriad of myths and stories during the process of working on a project concerning the Dendera Zodiac of Egypt. Your work is very helpful to fellow scholars and story lovers. The Cosmic Hunt video is a fave.

[@petesackett4611]

Indo-european ideology is tripartite. It all breaks down like this: God, God's goons, and the bureau of consumer affairs.

[@shobadasari5363]

Talk about consumerism in time tested manner, demonizing Nestle. I wonder if they had nestle back then

[@vitorafmonteiro]

Jon, great work on this series of videos on the proto-Indo-European myth and its current descendants. That series of videos were the first by you I saw, and they were quite helpful. Have been interested for years in how to possibly reconstruct pre-Roman myths of peoples from current Portuguese territory and never quite knew how to aside just collecting any story which has a pre-medieval setting attributed to it or to use any similarity or link to surviving mythologies to just retro-engineer a myth and those always seemed too artificial to me and like something was missing. Your wide synthesis of scholarship on reconstructions really made something "click" for me. After that, some southern Portuguese legends on a giant snake atacking cattle and fighting a bull and a town being build there, western Iberian variants on Her(a)cules and Geryon and stories on two Hercules all the sudden seem much more mythically rich. Anyhow, keep up the great work on the channel.

[@doubleplusdanny]

If there are parallel stories/motifs in cultures outside of the PIE region, ie North America and Siberia, would you please share? This would imply a shared story structure at least 40-30kya.

[@Crecganford]

Yes, I will talk about these soon. If you haven't watched my cosmic hunt or ferryman video, they both are stories that fall into the category you're interested in.

[@bennyvangelder7624]

Hi Jon, I always wondered how the Greec creation with fits in the Indo European creation. There is no sacrifice of a Primordial being. Gaia just came out of Chaos. When Uranus got castrated, the world was already formed. Can Kronos/Saturn be compared with Buri or Borr?

[@Crecganford]

That is a great question, and the links are there, but a generation removed. In effect the cultural replacement and neighbouring influence diluted it. I can produce a video about it as I have consider it before.

[@sash4all]

The beginning, with the twins, reminds me at Zoroastrism and I'm also sure, that's no coincidence... my family name is from Ukraine and I'm born in Germany, do you know something about danube civilization and Aratta? Both are, as far as we "know" now, older high cultures then babylonians, just danube civilization is still the oldest, with 6000 years +. Both are settled around or nearby the black sea (ukraine, iran etc.) and they fitting exactly into the indoeuropean spreadings 5000 years ago. Also the Mount Ararat from bible is exactly between them and way more... I know a lot about this meanwhile ^^

[@Crecganford]

Yes, Zoroastrianism was born from a move away from IE culture but retained some aspects of it. Thank you for watching, and taking the time to leave a comment, it is appreciated.

[@kathyhaskova]

Hi. This is a very well thought out and written video. It is quite amazing how many myths you have found and read. I would like to, however, caution you to be a little bit more critical of your sources when it comes to the Bible and Christian texts. I admit, I'm not a religion studies major or anything like that, I studied History and Literature - but maybe it's a better perspective in this case. To me it seems you see in biblical texts what you want to see in them. I have read whole chapters, not just those few sentences, and nowhere in Genesis nor in Job there is anything like what you say there is. First, am I supposed to believe that behemoth is a version of name Tiamat? Or is it Leviathan who is Tiamat? Please, show me some language proof, not just saying "they are both water creatures". So is a crocodile, or an ichtyosaurus. Unless you can showcase like you did with other versions of name Yami, I just don't see it. Secondly, nowhere in Genesis is even a mention of either behemoth or leviathan. These creatures are mention in Job and also in Psalm 104. What is another contradiction, there is no mention of God or anyone else fighting them. Their description (truly, there is only a description) is meant to exalt (?) God, to show how great He is. Nothing more. There is no fight, there is nothing to make us believe there is meant to be a fight, there is no dying and cutting into pieces and creating from body parts...nothing. Thirdly, and that is just petty - saying that Enoch 2 is not in some versions of a bible is implying that this book actually is in some version of a Bible. That is just plain incorrect. I would call it a lie, even. Sorry, but that just destroyed your credibility in my eyes. There are many myths surrounding both Judaism and Christianity, but to say that those stories are part of the Bible is like saying that Disney's Hercules is part of Ovid's Metamorphosis. Historically it just doesn't connect. I'm not saying you shouldn't mention it, it actually nicely compares to those other myths, but be careful with statements that are simply untrue. And to claim that it was actually written by Enoch himself...we would be lucky indeed if some texts from that period survived! It's supposed to be older than Epos of Gilgamesh - and we only have much younger copies of that! I just can't believe that you believe we have such a document preserved... I mean, you sure can say it's a myth, just not that it was written by an actual person, as if Enoch is comparable to Ovid or Livy. Anyway, the myth of Enoch is so far removed from Genesis that it just plainly contradicts each other. Only name Adam, which means "man", is the same. Lastly, both stories of creation in Genesis (and yes, there are two) are so much different than all those myth you presented, that I don't understand why you would try to force those connections. Really, you have only water and wind. That, from my point of view, is just not enough. There is much better connection with Ra and Seth fighting Apophis, or creation according to Egyptian mythology, and you didn't mention it at all (at least, I didn't hear it). Keep up your work, try to do better, be more critical of supposed connections, and good luck!

[@Crecganford]

I do expand on this more in other videos, but I would stand by my belief that there is definitely Indo-European influence in the bible, and Christian texts such as 2nd Enoch and the Dove Poem.

[@シロダサンダー]

Interesting hypothesis, but I'll continue to believe that the ANE myths are separate from any IE mythology.

[@Dragan-t6w]

World first cultures Lepenski Vir (Iron Gates) starts 11500 BC, Starcevo culture starts 6200 BC, Vinča culture starts 5700 BC, today Serbia. Cucuteni culture starts 4800 BC, Varna culture starts 4500 BC. World first industrial revolution ca. 6000 BC. Bronze metallurgy. (BBC History news March 2010) Gordon Childe-The Danube in Prehistory, Jacque Pirenne-Agriculture at Danube Farming start about 6000 BC. Vinca First Calendar start to count years at 5508 BC. (Now in 2024 we have year 7532) Farming wouldn’t be possible without knowledge of calendar. Both development started and developed together. Harald Haarmann about first cyrillic writings in Vinca culture in 5500 BC so 2000 years before any writings anywhere else on the world. Vinca Iron production 1400 BC. In today English language there is more than 2000 same or similar Serbian words. Names of the Balkan tribes: Pelasgians, Mycenaeans, Etruscan, Wendi, (Wendisch museum in Cottbus, Germany,Lusatian Sorbs, Lužički Srbi.) Illiyrians, Macedonians (Homer is saying Paeonian people walked on foot 11 Days to help Trojans war), Dardanians (Original Troy is here, not in Turkey, Homer wrote sea is freezing in the winter-Panonian sea), Moesians, Dacians, Thracians, Rasci, Celts, Scythians, Sarmatians, Arians, Sea People, Peleset, Philistines, Hittites, Bhrygians. Tribes spread in all directions all over Europe and Asia ……. Wild Greeks arived ~ 1000 BC from Egipt, Hungarian from Asia and Bulgars from Asia they found culture on the Balkans, writings and language and they mixed with domestic people. 18 Roman emperors were born in Serbia because of Etruscan connection. After Trojan war many groups of people left Troy in all directions to middle Europe, northern Europe to Britain and Scandinavia, south to Anatolia.One group under Aeneas sat sail with 22 ships and about 3400 followers and reach Italy-Etruscans. Proto serbian language is older than Sanskrit, Greek, Latin or all western Europian languages. Plato confirms in his work The Dialogues of Plato-Cratylus the Greeks used Pelasgian (Proto Serbian) to develop their own language.

[@kellysouter4381]

So the gods just kept birthing other gods? Do you mean they were doubling and separating like amoeba?

[@Crecganford]

Funnily enough some gods were like that, and I touch on this in my next video :)

[@victorgromadin973]

Do you have any videos or information on the scythian people and thier beliefs?

[@Crecganford]

Not yet, this part of mythology I have to create carefully as the information can be contradictory. But a video will be made as soon as I can.

[@SimonClarkstone]

12:06. Is there any clue if a 3-aspect god in the Prose Edda was Catholic influenced? I recall the Eddas were written down some time after Christianisation of the region.

[@Crecganford]

The Prose Edda definitely has Christian bias and so must be approached with caution, the Poetic Edda less so but it is there. But to say if that specific reference is, is difficult to prove.

[@bgee461]

Great video, I never wondered ... but now I know why the cow is sacred in India.

[@EMNstar]

Does Manis ever feel bad for killing?

[@Crecganford]

Yemo asked to be sacrificed, and so Manu, having done this, really appreciates the sacrifice, which allows him to be the priest and sovereign figure.

[@KitAlda]

Could you maybe at some point explain why the Behemoth in Job isn't a hippo? Because that idea is floating around on the internet, and I'm not knowledgeable enough to counter that argument.

[@Crecganford]

I will be talking about this in the next few months, the origins of the "dragon" myth, it is one of my specialist subjects :)

[@TheAlaskansandman]

I think the Gemini Twins Constellation was originally Manu and Yemo, while Orion Constellation was Trito, Odin, Third (Orion's belt even has Three stars). Who fought the serpent. Taurus constellation I think was Audumbla. Giving all three in the sky during the summer solstice.

[@leeneighoff8211]

Your awesome. I'm always searching with-in. A lot of this work I agree to.

[@Crecganford]

Thank you for watching and commenting. If you have any questions or want to see anything in particular then let me know here :)

[@ingunnhast8661]

Thank you very much! It's very interessting :-) I just want to opint out, that when the Isreals waited for Moses and he didn't come back from the montain, the asked Aron to make an other god for them. He made the Golden Calf, and they turned to the Golden Calf and danced and sacrificed to it. So the golden calf must have been their old God they turned to. (From The Bible Exodus 32,1-34,35). This shows that the Isreals olso has something with cow in their old religions.

[@arturhashmi6281]

Why Dievs Pater and Perkunas are two different beings?

[@Crecganford]

Their names mean different things, one is "Sky Father", the other "Striker of Oaks". And whilst in some pantheons they did merge/combine, such as in Greece, in others they remained seperate.

[@jojijoji88]

I can’t find your “Indo-European Creation” video.

[@Crecganford]

It’s the one with two men and a cow on the front, the Meaning of the Myth, but I also have a playlist of Indo-European videos, and you may want to look through that to find it and similar ones on my KZbin page :)

[@traceursebas]

Finally found a channel I’ve been looking for all these months

[@Crecganford]

And thank you for watching and commenting, it is appreciated.

[@petrapetrakoliou8979]

If the myth exists in Mesopotamia, there is no reason to believe that it is Indo-European: it was probably diffused from Mesopotamia to the different parts of the world with civilization itself, writing, astronomy, etc...

[@KipIngram]

In one of the novels of the series The Exorcist (the third one, I think) there's a vision a character has near the end, where two cosmic beings are in conversation with one another. One is evidently younger / less mature - a child. That one tells the other one "I want to create myself." The older wiser one says "There will be pain." The younger one agrees, but has made up his mind, and he blasts himself into bits - one consciousness into many - and that gives rise to a universe of being. Clearly the idea is that that's how our universe came to be - when a divine being began a transformation to "adulthood." The implication is that eventually this being would come together again and would then have partaken of all of the experiences of every being that lived in its "universe." It was a rite of passage into that being's adulthood, I suppose. Anyway, I relate it because once again there's the concept of two beings and a sacrifice, but in this case it's a self-sacrifice (which I suppose I find more appealing, honestly), with the "parts" of a cosmic being forming the structure of our cosmos. And it was completely clear that this universe would contain both "good" and "evil" - happiness and despair, etc. Everything in positive and negative forms; it was just how the process worked, and couldn't be avoided. And that's what tied it back to the story at hand - one of demons and traditional Christian evil.

[@eriknelson2559]

Gayomart and the cow falling on their right sides & left sides resembles the Yamnaya burial practice of placing men on their right sides and women on their left sides? Could Vedic "Parusa" be cognate with "Perkanos" ?

[@petrapetrakoliou8979]

How come the Egyptian god of creation was also called Ptah? That is a real god with his name physically written into stone and papirii and not a reconstructed one, although as ancient as any believed Indo-European creation myths. Isn't there an Egyptian myth lurking behind this reconstructed Indo-European one? Perhaps the myth did not spread from the steppe, but from the Nile?

[@pravinpatel3472]

Where our history is missing that , Abrahamic first enter from Eurasia to India. Some twelve kabilas has came. That time one kabila leader have no son to carry his kabila forward. But other kabila refused to give their daughter to merry him. Atlast he married to girl from his own kabila. He got the son. But as that times rules , man can't marry in his own kabila . So other eleven kabila started to ignore them . That kabila moved towards Iran . And there they prosper well . Great Cyrus was from that kabila . Looking at their outer look , Assyrian and Zorastrian are looking similar . And what remaining eleven kabilas settled in India . ( A)brahman of India were Eurasians. Check their surname. Like Vyas , Joshi (Yoshi) , keny ext. Their skin colour is more fair than other brownies Indian . ancient history required more studies.

[@Astavyastataa]

Crec, the thing about Purusha is that He sacrifices Himself to Himself, thereby creating alll beings, including the devas.

[@Zeno_334]

Couple centuries in future, curious people will be using their Tesla Brain Implants to listen to lectures on the Abrahamic myths and how the myths of Bible and Quran were less sophisticated and boring in comparison with the older Indo-European myths.