Convergent Evolution | Dolphins and Ichthyosaurs

[@Craxt4434]

Icthyosaur are underrated and underrepresented in popular media imo. Love my lizardolphins

[@prince_yt3406]

Wdym ichtyhosaurus are one of the most famous

[@Craxt4434]

@@prince_yt3406 Mainstream media has rarely included icthyosaurs as often as dinosaurs or plesiosaurs, icthyosaurs are well known among paleontologists for their early discoveries by Mary Anning, but a majority of average people I've spoken with have never heard of them, in contrast to plesiosaurs

[@noliyoshida7486]

Birdolphins

[@snortskysnorts254]

I love how using evidence of a vertibrate we found of a icthyosaur makes it the same size maybe bigger than megalodon so if I don't see a big ass icthyosaur in the next jurrasic world imma be pissed

[@trippymlgjunkrat5749]

I wish they didnt go extinct itd so cool

[@vincentx2850]

Early Jurassic Ichthyosaurs are really something. They may no have the size or diversity of their Triassic forerunners, but have truly fine-tuned their marine adaptations and became masters of the ocean. Also Temnodontosaurus are truly underrated super predators, and while other fan favorites often turn out to be overblown, these things just get bigger and more terrifying.

[@yawcty6478]

I never thought a channel so serious about animal history would say, “thick with three c’s” in such a serious tone

[@NaturesCompendium]

Sometimes you just gotta get the point across :P

[@Geniusprimate]

Hi​@@NaturesCompendium, I'm a biologist

[@dynamosaurusimperious6341]

Dolphin: what's are you? Icthyosaurus : I'm you but cooler. *also this video is good.*

[@dynamosaurusimperious6341]

Also it was funny when you said Thick(with 3 C),also my favorite was the Icthyosaurus.

[@NaturesCompendium]

Probably my favorite comment for this video so far 🤣

[@dynamosaurusimperious6341]

Awww,thx

[@alexx.476]

Ok but one of them has intelligence and echolocation and it’s not the ichthyosaur

[@zorubark]

I mean, ichyosaurus are hopefully not rapists

[@NaturesCompendium]

Hello everybody, I hope you all are doing well. At long last the convergent evolution video is complete. This project is a bit shorter than usual but nonetheless I hope you all enjoy the video! Also I'll be updating you guys on the patreon page I've been working on for the channel. A lot of planning has gone into this so I'm able to give back to y'all for your support!

[@dynamosaurusimperious6341]

Sweet.

[@GlennKurusu]

What about a video on the ‘Metriorhynchids’?

[@macwelch8599]

Regional Forms before Pokémon made it cool

[@biggs8126]

Regional forms are subspecies

[@GhaniKeSawah]

Yeah basically that

[@bijtmntongaf]

@Baldhina Asnake yea they are

[@TieYourLaurenDown]

@Baldhina Asnake yes they are.

[@TieYourLaurenDown]

@Baldhina Asnake yes. Regional variants are based on evolution through speciation, but they are still listed as the same species, which makes it a subspecies.

[@vincentx2850]

The are a few other interesting differences between ichthyosauss and cetaceans. While for cetaceans are very vocal animals, ichthyosaurs have highly ossified ear bones and some of them might even be deaf. They might, however, have other means of detecting vibration in the water. And while whales and dolphins have closed nostrils and have lost their sense of smell, ichthyosaurs do not close their nostrils and have highly developed underwater smell. This, coupled with their huge eyes, makes the swordfish analogy really helpful.

[@paulkuchnicki6404]

So this implies that ichthyosaurs were probably mute

[@R.M.A.2006]

Are ichthyosaurs marine lizards, such as Mosasaurus and Lasamosaurus?

[@NitroIndigo]

Wait... I thought cetaceans couldn't smell because they'd drown if they tried. Were icthyosaurs like that one species of mole that can smell underwater by blowing bubbles?

[@PersonOfRandomnesss]

This reminds me of a biology textbook my grandpa had when he was in college. There is a section that mentions and briefly explains convergent evolution and there was a triangle with a shark, a dolphin, and a "fish-lizard" which cracks me up when I think of it.

[@terabytewarrior2019]

I've loved Icthyosaurs since I first saw WWD, I'm glad to see them get more attention, and it is crazy how little we still know about them or their origins.

[@NaturesCompendium]

It's also crazy how much we do know about them thanks to very well preserved specimens :)

[@sampagano205]

Orcas are another example of countershaded dolphins, although I don't know if they're being counted here as dolphins, but they're technically actually the largest species of dolphin rather than a separate lineage.

[@eypick6987]

Fantastic video. This should really be more popular

[@NaturesCompendium]

Thanks! Be sure to share with the homies, every bit helps 🤗

[@marquesbowden0130]

4:25 what's fascinating about having blubber and being warm blooded is that it not changes the notion that reptiles are solely cold blooded, is shows that this body plan was used several times (especially in the evolution of birds and mammals). It also gives insight of the temperature of its environment

[@HenrythePaleoGuy]

Great video! Definitely worth the wait. :)

[@NaturesCompendium]

Glad you think so!

[@DemitriVladMaximov]

A wonderful look into one of my favorite oceanic reptiles.

[@EL_INDORAPTOR]

Excellent video! Ichthyosaurs are very cool

[@GeorgeTheDinoGuy]

Convergent Evolution is so cool because of the fact species millions of years apart can be so similar, history most certainly repeats itself.

[@IaMaPh1991]

Its almost as if Nature NEEDS these body plans to exist and occupy specific roles in order to ensure the proper function of an ecosystem.

[@galligaruga]

As always a magnificent job jack! Convergent evolution is a topic that is not only intriguing but highly explanatory for bodyplans & behavior traits. Covering it was a wonderful choice! PS: Can't really decide a favorite species for the species in the video however, as a whole my favorites would be: Cetaceans: Beluga Whale Ichthyosauria: Shonisaurus

[@totalpsycho1980]

This channel makes the best animations

[@NaturesCompendium]

Thank you! Glad you like them :D

[@bkjeong4302]

Giving live birth is actually the norm for marine reptiles-plesiosaurs and mosasaurs did it as well, as do true sea snakes. It's that sea turtles are unusual in laying eggs.

[@NaturesCompendium]

I did not know that about sea snakes! Thanks for sharing. Also I recently learned that leatherback sea turtles have blubber too :D

[@bkjeong4302]

@@NaturesCompendium It's one of the distinguishing features between true sea snakes and sea kraits; sea kraits lay eggs and are semiaquatic, but sea snakes are fully aquatic and give live birth.

[@oposum244]

Great video and amazing animation!

[@Marcin9200]

I loved the animation of the video!

[@TheMadestLad]

Thank you for making a video on icthyosaurs there are one of me favorite marine reptiles

[@Alexander_the_Alright]

Mosasaurus wants to know your location

[@TheMadestLad]

@@Alexander_the_Alright of course i like mosas who doesn't

[@LadyhawksLairDotCom]

1:44 Orcas _are_ dolphins. Some types (which may be different species or subspecies) specialize in hunting marine mammals while other types only eat fish. I've seen videos of Pacific white-sided dolphins swimming alongside resident (fish-eating) Orcas as well as videos of Pacific white-sided dolphins stampeding in fear away from transient (marine mammal-hunting) Orcas. The smaller dolphins know the difference.

[@gequitz]

Never imagined any reptiles having blubber. Guess it's even more necessary when you're cold blooded. 👍

[@NaturesCompendium]

Leatherback sea turtles have blubber too ;)

[@bkjeong4302]

Actually ichthyosaurs were endothermic.

[@Zooollieg]

@@NaturesCompendium They do?

[@Zooollieg]

@@NaturesCompendium wow

[@jenniferbarrett555]

Just wanted to say I found you on Twitter in the nature/dinosaur community and I absolutely love your videos. It's a calm backdrop to listen to during all of the political unrest.

[@NaturesCompendium]

Thank you! I hope you'll continue to enjoy what I have coming up in these next few months :D

[@jenniferbarrett555]

@@NaturesCompendium I'm looking forward to it!

[@dynamosaurusimperious2718]

Basically back then,you wouldn't be made laugh at,for calling a dolphin a fish. Also love the narration vas always,and the animation was great too.

[@f89jgb7]

Thank goodness I wasn't the only one who thought they looked similar. Even as a child when I read dinosaur books, I've always mistaken icthyosaurs for dolphins lmao.

[@spinoguy9775]

Very well done video 👍 didn’t know we know babies ichthyosaur were darker than adults, I thought the darker coloration was found in another species that hunt in deeper water

[@trvth1s]

They've recently found some gigantic ichthyosaurs in the UK, i wonder if they were filter feeders

[@MrBlobhunter]

Love these vids!

[@debeshbhattacharjee3907]

I like those cute biggggg eyes.....the animation is sooo cute too...thanks for the infos...love from India.

[@NaturesCompendium]

Thank you! Love from Houston (My family is from Bangladesh :D)

[@joshpeligrino3512]

New channel to binge ❤️

[@greyideasthetheliopurodon4640]

Dr Steven Jay Gould's favorite example of convergent evolution example is between icthyosaurus and dolphins

[@chancegivens9390]

Fantastic video sah!!

[@NaturesCompendium]

Thank you!

[@chancegivens9390]

@@NaturesCompendium no need to say thanks man the best has yet to come YYYYYYYEEEEEEHEHHEHEHE(cryptkeeper laughing)

[@pingster_pop2790]

You make such amazing content!

[@NaturesCompendium]

Thank you!

[@pingster_pop2790]

Btw, If you didn’t tell by now, I am TheSharkThatLearnedtoWalk. Ya know, that dude from Twitter lol

[@otodusb491]

The ichthyosaurus looks cuter than a normal dolphin

[@DinopTheDino]

Another great video with well placed jokes; a sequel convergence of two species comparison down the line would also be a potential great idea

[@fionahm]

My fav is leedsicthys, there’s always a bigger fish

[@NaturesCompendium]

Leedsichthys is such an awesome and underrated animal in my opinion

[@Sharkman4569]

First by the way awesome video

[@voidwanderer7138]

river dolphin skulls and crocodiles are a pretty good example

[@traviscrumbey7969]

I once heard that convergent evolution is like your teacher saying that you were cheating bc you have the same answers but it's really just bc u took the SAME test

[@NaturesCompendium]

That's an interesting analogy!

[@masotan152]

Btw when an ichthyosaurus in some species like ophthalmosaurus reaches adult age they lose all of their teeth

[@cuva9203]

Can you do a cover on pliosaurs? They do not get highlighted . it is usually mosasaurs that get exposure.

[@valentinfejes]

That was fantastic, Fahim! I wonder if ichthyosaurs somehow survive back then, they'll almost completely lose their hind legs just like whales did... As far as I know, the hind legs of late ichthyosaurs were (far?) more smaller than their early relatives', right?

[@NaturesCompendium]

I'd say it's very possible

[@alexallen9640]

Cool video 🙂👍

[@NaturesCompendium]

Thank you!

[@jorgerangel2390]

Excellent

[@NaturesCompendium]

Thank you! Cheers!

[@awesomeproductions7755]

Think we’ll see any other ichthyosaurs get into Prehistoric Kingdom after launch, or just Ichthyosaurus itself?

[@NaturesCompendium]

I sure hope so!

[@awesomeproductions7755]

@@NaturesCompendium Hoping for Ophthalmosaurus due to Walking with Dinosaurs nostalgia and some more unique ones like Cymbospondylus or Shastasaurus. Quite surprised you didn’t mention the latter in this video, it being the all time biggest marine reptile and all.

[@UnwantedGhost1]

Perhaps if reptiles rule the world once again. A big if, though.

[@Chaotic-warp]

Nice. Can you add subtitles?

[@daryanasaurus9785]

Happy Halloween

[@badbiker666]

"Convergent Evolution" is my favorite scientific concept. Why? Because it is what drives the biodiversity in all my favorite sci-fi universes. Star Trek and Star Wars both feature bi-pedal creatures with arms and legs. This is of course because those are costumes with humans inside and putting humans inside a costume NOT shaped like a human would be painful for the actor. Directors try not to do that, otherwise they risk being blacklisted by the stuntmen's guild for being difficult to work with. But I enjoy these movies because they allow my mind to wander into the "what if' of space travel. Naturally, I assume that alien life will be as different from us as we are from the octopus. But what if life on other planets in other solar systems in other universes evolved to have a body shape like ours? And what if their brains were located in their heads and therefore of similar size and complexity as ours? Sufficiently enough like ours that communication is possible? Oh what we could learn from them! As long as they aren't bent on conquest, of course. So many actual theorists have said that alien lie sufficiently advanced to discover a way to travel the vast distances necessary to visit our planet will be explorers and not conquistadors. But, of course, there are those who ask what if they became interstellar travelers specifically to plunder other worlds, like the ones depicted in Independence Day or War Of The Worlds? It is these questions to which I set my mind after watching sci-fi movies.

[@Minillus]

In fact, there's a chapter in the original War of the Worlds novel where the Narrator speculates that the Martians could have looked like us, before turning into some kind of cephalopods, being their tentacles vestigial arms and fingers

[@GuusvanVelthoven]

But did they use echo location as well?

[@GarrettFrechette]

Neat.

[@parkerpenafiel9014]

My favorite ex is the basking and megamouth sharks

[@Crosmando]

So according to this, it’s actually likely that if we ever find intelligent alien, it might be humanoid/bipedal?

[@Dasple]

Possible? Yes Likely No

[@wor575]

isn't the tail fluke orientation another indicator of where the animal is on the evolutionary tree? I recall reading somewhere that mammals have evolved to be better at flexing their body vertically so the cetaceans and sirenians all evolved horizontal flukes. reptiles on the other hand retained superior side-to-side flexion of their amphibian and fish ancestors

[@ssjgarfield]

I wonder if Ichtyosaurs were also as intelligent as modern day dolphins Is there anything known about their brains?

[@NaturesCompendium]

Nothing that I'm aware of as of now. Would be very interesting though if we do find material related to their brains!

[@jaisanatanrashtra7035]

Dimetrodon and Spinosaurus Ankylosaurus and Didicurious

[@cuva9203]

What is up with shastasaurus?

[@paleoph6168]

4:35 Species or genus?

[@NaturesCompendium]

Chaohusaurus, tho I may have been mistaken. There is fossil evidence of them giving birth to live young, but they may have done so on land instead of in the ocean as I portrayed here. www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2014/02/13/276568604/fossil-shows-triassic-era-sea-creature-gave-birth-on-land

[@paleoph6168]

@@NaturesCompendium what I meant to ask was that is Chaohusaurus a species or genus of ichthyosaur? I think that it's a genus - separate from other genera and valid - not a species of ichthyosaur.

[@scott-ex8pv]

A spinal segment of the Ichthyosaur was discovered behind my yard in Ely Cambs and the real lock ness monster was discovered in Stretham 7 miles away from Ely

[@adrianvelasco1265]

🔥🔥🔥

[@NaturesCompendium]

😎🤙🏾

[@robwalsh9843]

Very different senses though. Dolphins have their advanced sonar, while ichthyosaurs relied on their advanced sight.

[@paleoph6168]

Love this episode on the unique group of marine reptiles that are ichthyosaurs. Here's a 90's animation of them: m.kzbin.info/www/bejne/rqerpIKMhpqoiaM

[@zooemperor3954]

Ichthyosaurs. Basically cetaceans before there were cetaceans.

[@ritzuriduan5632]

Sometime I don't understand why some peoples stating that prehistoric animals don't exist at all. What should I say to them? Any idea?

[@zhongxina9420]

Nothing. They don't deserve the attention

[@boeingb-17g18]

Here's the real question, what would happen if icthyosaurs never went extinct and survived the K-T mass extinction event? Would dolphins and orcas evolve?

[@masotan152]

I think cetaceans will never evolve because of ichthyosaurus

[@Minillus]

Weren't icthyosaurs already extinct when the K-T Event happened?

[@rmstitanic8176]

What if one of the large icthyosaurs fought mosasaurus and shastasaurus was the largest icthyosaur at over 20 meters

[@NicholsonNeisler-fz3gi]

Makes a good argument for hidden lizard people

[@starwick.v2864]

Where are your older videos of Jurassic Park/World scientifically accurate Dinosaurs?

[@NaturesCompendium]

Got rid of them since they weren't animations. Will start again next year with Spinosaurus, Pteranodon, and maybe Nasutocertops.

[@starwick.v2864]

@@NaturesCompendium but they were really interesting and fun to watch

[@DorsenFilm]

I think they also are convergantltly evolved with sharks

[@eypick6987]

Yes

[@bkjeong4302]

With the pursuit-hunting sharks like great whites or makos, specifically.

[@DorsenFilm]

@@bkjeong4302 yes

[@Minillus]

Yes

[@meli-melo9759]

Dolphin - Ichthyosaur Whale - Mosasaur Porpoise - Plesiosaur

[@irvinlay2259]

Bagus

[@hiofongcheng4208]

ICHTHYOSAURIA LOOKS LIKE A SWORD-FISH

[@TheLazyFusspot_3428]

Dolphin looks thicker than Stenopterygius cyoot ;)

[@guillermoynpilllkoiukubero4011]

megalania y komodo dragon

[@penguinsrockrgr8yt216]

Poor itchyosaurs They can’t scratch that itch they got I’ll see myself out

[@SepiaChild]

Chiroptera and Pterodactlys

[@NaturesCompendium]

0:28 perhaps I could in the future

[@canis2020]

Obligatory comment for the KZbin Algorithm gods

[@Algeriawindows69]

Why the baby ichthiosaurs in this animation has smaller eyes than of adults Isn't spouse to be the opposite Because y'know eyes don't grow up

[@ericvulgate]

these features will exist in other oceans on other worlds..

[@NaturesCompendium]

I wonder if the same could be said about cephalopods like squid, since a lot of alien creature designs take inspiration from their tentacles.\

[@tm43977]

A creature a look like Sort of like Mirror Gag of it

[@coolguy9709]

Explains why superman looks human.

[@tiktaalikplays570]

itchtyosaurus are size like a dolphin

[@Lincoln.Sullivan]

Dude what are you talking about?? They do not look similar at all. The Ichthyosaurus has a vertical tail that moves side to side while the common bottlenose dolphin has a horizontal tail that it moves up and down. The Ichthyosaurus also has back flippers and the common bottlenose does not, nor any other cetacean. And most cetaceans today don't have that long of a beak or that big of eyes.

[@seanparsons4977]

" Dolphins are hunted by Orca's" Orca are dolphins .

[@THECOOLSUCHOBR]

The dolphins that are reptiles:

[@kumiq17]

Earth "I'm going to make these cute smart sea animals and kill them" *does so* Earth "...." "Want to see me do it again?"

[@ManuelGarcia-qc1it]

Dolphin did look like icthyosaurus

[@alextyy]

So lizard people are still theoretically possible?

[@NaturesCompendium]

Probably not if people still assumed they evolved from Troodontids, since we now know those animals were very feathered.

[@mkogan1971]

www.paleophilatelie.eu/topics/paleo/vertebrate/ichthyosaur.html - you might like this article about the History of Ichthyosaurs Discovery

[@NaturesCompendium]

Thank you!

[@petrairene]

But just in body plan, Ichthyosaurs were probably not intelligent and not living in social family groups.

[@NaturesCompendium]

Agreed. Still interesting to see how they ended up evolving blubber before cetaceans came around

[@creakingskull7008]

Creaking Skull

[@matthewnelson325]

90 million years ... Difficult to fathom !

[@SepiaChild]

Like Ichthyosaurs, ceteceans will also become extinct

[@nonever9130]

I never would have thought that I would ever hear ichthyosaurs called thiccc. Especially not with 3 C's

[@ThePhanerozoicPodcast]

Dolphins are just wannabe Ichthyosaurs. You can't change my mind 😤

[@NaturesCompendium]

Can't argue with facts

[@leeannhustead1946]

If scientists wanted to know if ichthyosaurus take care of it's babies, bring it back from extinction. Actually you know what, bring the ichthyosaurus back from extinction. Except for Temndontosaurus it can stay extinct

[@apekkusu4563]

Will you mewy me? uwu

[@NaturesCompendium]

Never

[@apekkusu4563]

@@NaturesCompendium I'll cry

[@alessandrotavoliere5256]

THEY NOT LOOK SIMILAR TO ME...

[@VLROYTEable]

🙄🙄