Coombs test

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A Coombs test (also known as Coombs' test, antiglobulin test or AGT) is either of two clinical blood tests used in immunohematology and immunology. The two Coombs tests are the direct Coombs test (DCT, also known as direct antiglobulin test or DAT), and the indirect Coombs test (also known as indirect antiglobulin test or IAT).
The Direct Coombs test is used to test for autoimmune hemolytic anemia; i.e., a condition of a low count of red blood cells (aka RBCs) caused by immune system lysis or breaking of RBC membranes causing RBC destruction.
In certain diseases or conditions an individual's blood may contain IgG antibodies that can specifically bind to antigens on the RBC surface membrane, and their circulating RBCs can become coated with IgG alloantibodies and/or IgG autoantibodies. Complement proteins may subsequently bind to the bound antibodies and cause RBC destruction.[1] The direct Coombs test is used to detect these antibodies or complement proteins that are bound to the surface of red blood cells; a blood sample is taken and the RBCs are washed (removing the patient's own plasma) and then incubated with antihuman globulin (also known as "Coombs reagent"). If this produces agglutination of RBCs, the direct Coombs test is positive, a visual indication that antibodies (and/or complement proteins) are bound to the surface of red blood cells.
The indirect Coombs test is used in prenatal testing of pregnant women, and in testing blood prior to a blood transfusion. It detects antibodies against RBCs that are present unbound in the patient's serum. In this case, serum is extracted from the blood sample taken from the patient. Then, the serum is incubated with RBCs of known antigenicity; that is, RBCs with known reference values from other patient blood samples. If agglutination occurs, the indirect Coombs test is positive.[2]

[@faareh]

I believe if the the mother is Rh(D) -ve and her if her seconds baby is Rh(D) +ve this will lead to haemolytic anaemia of newborn or fetus (erythroblastic fetalis)??

[@its_official_ravi854]

sir u explained very easy way...thank u sir

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

You're welcome

[@maitrigelani26]

Thanx a lot ! u make all d concepts pretty clear

[@nerdealor]

Thank you so much , you're a good teacher !

[@sharanjhaveri6324]

Thanks man.. you really simplified this for me

[@40-mathsyagiri44]

Why direct coombs test is negative in ABO incompatibility sir?

[@IwifU]

thank you sir! you such a good teacher !

[@vijivino6061]

R0ja

[@nikitampmaurya]

This was so simple and i couldnt understand despite refering Janeway's immunology book. Thank you so much for clarifying!

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

You're welcome

[@lorahamilton397]

What if a person is RH null? Is this what causes differences in results for Coombs test or a very faint positive ? This caused a life threatening hemolysis delayed effect after a blood transfusion. What is the protocol for typing blood for a compatible transfusion or is this a risk factor consistently for these RH null blood patients 🤔

[@lorahamilton397]

Coombs test can sometimes be false negative in some rare cases.

[@kennynam4591]

Thank you so much. You are really good.

[@monojitmukherjee8823]

Shomu da. Er age ato bhalo coombs bujhini. Thank you.

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

You're welcome

[@chainmage]

Very good explanation: remember the antibodies have 2 antigen binding sites on the 2 arms not in between! :p

[@mithijanvi]

Thanks, good explanation. Except there is only one mistake. Fab are two sites represented by the two upper lines in Y, not the gap in between.

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

I never said the gap as ab. Read again. I draw antibodies to attach with antigen with this gap region to create less complications.

[@mithijanvi]

understood...I was just commenting b/c someone else could see it and mistake the gap as the ab region. But thank you for your hardwork. You are awesome at what you do. :) Shukriya

[@damirjan]

Thanks for good explanation !

[@bshayersaad9609]

thank you very much , I realy completely understand and benefit alot from this vedio . this will help me alot tomorrow in my quiz 💖

[@nayanikasharma6037]

Please provide with subtitles..

[@monalizeh1568]

you explained it very well. thank you !

[@اسامةالحربي-ر8ر]

Really thanks!!!😊

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

You're welcome

[@saranya6199]

Awesome explanation.. very useful

[@saeedakhter256]

hi suman ji its very good and i want help for atibody identification so can i get easy way to ruling system thanks

[@sasidhar6055]

Thank you

[@pavithraselvaraj2159]

Thanks a lot sir🙏

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

You're welcome

[@Dr.varsha.Vekaria-Hirani]

finally understood coomb s test...thank you,,,

[@asifekbal4867]

Nice explanation

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

Thank you

[@daniyalahmednagori6384]

al 4:23 you said she does not have anti rh ag so she will not make any anti rh ab and at 4:29 you said she does not have anti rh ag but she is making anti rh ab.pls give clarification

[@akshayak.joseph9243]

Good explanation

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

Thank you

[@sashanasalmon-morrison7168]

Thank you. This was very helpful :)

[@eCommentsandReaccs2]

That was very helpful thank you! :)

[@mohammadashrafqureshi6038]

what is the coomb serum made upof?

[@AnjaliSharma-kr5xb]

thankyou... it is really good video to understand d concept.

[@riyasrashid4499]

ya finally got it .thank u shomu .

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

You're welcome

[@Ranjitapoudel]

Thanks 💛

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

You're welcome

[@natashasagar2896]

Thanks for this video.

[@suchismitachoudhury159]

Plzz sir...widal test b samjha dijiye...

[@saikatmaity2941]

Fantastic sir..👌👍

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

You're welcome

[@molayroy123]

thank you so much... kub valo porao tumi...

[@vablife2245]

explained it better than my med school prof

[@abdrizack-muaadsheikhahmed7225]

adeeer thankzzz waa dadaashy lkn Fab ka iska sax sabatoo ah labo af buu leeyahy ma lahan hal

[@oliverolea9766]

Very good explanation. YOure awesome

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

Thank you so much. All the best. Keep watching.

[@deepikadeepika922]

Thank u sir

[@MD.fitness.1]

Great channel ... from nepal

[@pawarjay9143]

do u refer Wikipedia as your source ?

[@allarehere6822]

Thanks for the concept🤘

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

You're welcome

[@malkies6341]

can you come teach at my university. I can actually understand what you are saying.

[@thirumaleshntr]

Same problem

[@girishs9179]

thanks suman , well xplained

[@kasahunbentimerga3006]

thank you!

[@nelsontragura1441]

Thanks again.

[@LEW_Aleha]

awesome man! thanks

[@akritisingh7337]

my main confusion sorted... significance of indirect coombs test... thnkssss

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

+Akriti Singh thank you. Glad you liked my lectures

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

+Akriti Singh thank you. Glad you liked my lectures

[@abhisheksaha4385]

If mother has no rh antigen from where anti rh ab is coming

[@aliaamosa8913]

But why we add coomps reagent if we already put patient's Rbcs withe its ab " it will aggulitinate without aid of coomps reagent "

[@Yoondaime995]

Aliaa Mosa No because these antibodies are " incomplete " and they will not agglutinate without coomb's reagent

[@riyasrashid4499]

they will not agglutinate .bcz he clearly says that .i such manner they are not agglutinated .otherwise ur dead man.

[@drapurvasinha5063]

At 4:50, when mother is not having rh antigen why she is producing anti rh antibodies

[@BalaBiologyWorld]

lot thanks dadavai....

[@Childrenrhymes729]

Not so clear concept and confusing and few terms unappropriately used like direct coombs test for Hb antibody Thanks and expecting more clear way of presentation

[@anumilyas7955]

thanks alot

[@Pedrokrias]

im from brazil! tanks!

[@Kr_pushpendrasingh]

It is bcoz those antibodies are incomplete

[@KB-sg4qi]

confused

[@The_TwinButterflies]

He s blabbering a bit wich makes d concepts confusing 🙍

[@mithijanvi]

really helpful :)

[@priyankak3717]

Good

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

You're welcome

[@NiciaEB]

Thank you!

[@shantighamal7770]

awesome.....

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

+shanti ghamal thank you. Glad you liked my lectures

[@ESPTECH]

bhai hindi me bhi explain kr diya kro plz

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

+ESP TECH you need to k if English for her education.

[@ESPTECH]

Shomu's Biology ok thanks

[@sihamsaidi6010]

thanks too u

[@laxman9313]

Confuse

[@karunakarkumar1479]

Taliyaan ..Gajab

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

Thank you

[@muntasirrahman5066]

nice

[@shyamuprasad3800]

4:40 confused

[@mamtaom6098]

👍

[@shomusbiologyofficial]

You're welcome

[@aneeraraheem6022]

@@shomusbiologyofficial yeah test q krwatay mujhy english samjh nai i

[@Yoondaime995]

انت ممممممالك دين !!!!

[@ghazanfarali6544]

Oh d Knudsen United is the way you to send us a picture us

[@atulverma3734]

🙏🙏🙏

[@balagopalthodiyilsuresh2215]

Good .....naaat

[@aliaamosa8913]

Cv

[@ghazanfarali6544]

Sri

[@naeemullahalimurrahman7640]

nice

[@surendrakc5887]

confused