Electronic Computing: Crash Course Computer Science #2

So we ended last episode at the start of the 20th century with special purpose computing devices such as Herman Hollerith’s tabulating machines. But as the scale of human civilization continued to grow as did the demand for more sophisticated and powerful devices. Soon these cabinet-sized electro-mechanical computers would grow into room-sized behemoths that were prone to errors. But is was these computers that would help usher in a new era of computation - electronic computing.
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[@humanity3.090]

As a software engineer, I still find this fascinating!

[@rydohg]

Humanity 3.0 I like that Crash Course is exposing more people to computer science and hey it's a great refresher

[@armorsmith43]

Humanity 3.0 I think it is great as a study of how one can better explain things to others, even those who are in the field.

[@songfreak1745]

+

[@juandiegoruedaalarcon8274]

Thick question but, how would you describe software engineering? (as in pros and cons) I'm interested in computer science and would like to acquire some of your wisdom :)

[@beautymin9685]

because lots of what shes talking about is either skipped or barely touched on in most cs class

[@michaelpisciarino5348]

1:04 Harvard Mark I 2:33 Additions, Subtractions, Multiplications, Divisions. Computer Bugs 3:34 John Ambrose Fleming, Thermionic Valve. Lee de Forest 4:55 Triode Vacuum Tubes 5:31 Electronic Computing. Colossus MK1. Alan Turing 6:35 ENIAC 7:40 A Transistor. Computers get smaller, Computers get cheaper 9:35 Silicon Valley

[@ghost_reccon1665]

you mean sooo much

[@Niabelxx]

THANK YOU SO MUCH!!!!! I HAVE TO USE THIS FOR A TEST

[@SatyanarayanaBolenedi]

Thanks for the quick references

[@emmaholly9681]

Thank you so much I had I project due a few days ago I didn't so I had to do it today the time frames where very helpful!😀

[@TheOriginalGN]

I’m a senior computer science student, and although I’ve been taught a good amount on the history, this channel blows those classes out the water. Thank you for your hard work!

[@WhatTheGame]

I find it funny that Grace Hopper coined the term computer bug when his entire name is literally 2 letters off from the name of a bug. [Grass Hopper].

[@AndersonPEM]

I'm an IT professional. Still is always good to visit the origins of what we are today. :) keep doing this great job!

[@rhysjarvis6629]

cool!!!

[@vhawk1951kl]

'we' is imaginary.

[@unstoppablefalse]

Whenever I pause and unpause the episode, I can't help but say "Carry on Carrie Anne"

[@lamontowens1655]

"Thanks for the Random Access Memories" Carrie Anne, you're a gem.

[@shawn6669]

Congrats, Carrie. You're officially my favorite non-Green-Brothers (hereafter NGB), Crash Course Host. None of the other NGB CC Hosts manage to hold my interest long enough to watch their stuff. You've got a good mixture of interesting subject matter and a pleasant delivery style. The GB's are both naturally funny and that works for the. I feel like the other NGB Hosts try to be too much like the GB's and it comes off false. For what it's worth. Keep up the good work.

[@Scerttle]

This isn't what I thought I wanted. But it turned out to be everything I didn't know I wanted.

[@limmeh7881]

I'm a computer science student, and this is really entertaining to watch 😁good to research background info on my field

[@RedEyedJedi]

I would like to say a huge thank you to all of the people featured in this video who made computers what they are today. I had my first computer when I was two, an Acorn Atom. I could program in basic on the Sinclair zx81 spectrum when I was ten and learned how to build a PC when I was 11. I have been lucky enough to of had nearly every type of PC from an 8086 right through to the quad-core that I have today. (upgrading soon) Programming (along with guitar) is my absolute favourite hobby. I have recently decided to become a full time software engineer. As you can see computers have played a huge part in my life and I am extremely grateful to all these people for making this possible. Thank you for this series, it is excellent and very informative.

[@vhawk1951kl]

bad luck to have defective causes-you might say parents.

[@tompov227]

Alan Turing

[@mikejohnstonbob935]

Max Newman

[@simbaonsteroids8836]

Thomas P John Von Neumann ❤️

[@LostInNumbers]

Grace Hopper

[@Cwize1]

Alonzo Church.

[@Derkiboi]

[@lambusaab]

I love this channel so much, I'm crying tears of joy.

[@FewMinuteProgramming]

Yes! THANK YOU for this series! You guys are my inspiration and I hope my videos can get to your quality one day.

[@andyvoglo5861]

Few Minute Programming To be honest, your vids are not that bad. Subscribed!

[@thynguyen61]

Few Minute Programming Your videos are so cute! You'll get there one day 😊

[@orekihoutarou6107]

Few Minute Programming Nice C++ tutorials, keep up the good work!

[@pinklady7184]

Few Minute Programming, there are FREE open source softwares for animation or video editing free lite softwares, these that you can use to make your own videos. On my PC, I have OBS, Tupi 2D Magic, Krita, Opentoonz, Pencil2D, Synfig, Blender, MyPaint, Inkscape, Gimp, DragonBones, Hitfilm 4 Express, LMMS, etc. These are all FREE. You want to make motion graphics, you should have all these on your PC.

[@himangeetandan]

This channel is really the best to start the basics on upskilling yourself. May be 3 years ago these people got me interested in Psychology and now in Computer Science, even after having Commerce and Accountancy as my major currently in High School! Thanks, Crashcourse!🥰

[@Manyeyebrows]

Yes! Another Crash Course Classic brewing right here! This series is already contending with the Philosophy, Big History, and World History series for me! Keep it up Crash Course!

[@evanc3114]

"sticky, slow, and just plain unreliable" - sounds like me Lol

[@satyabeee]

That's a fantastic course. It made my transition from mechanical engineer to being a software developer smooth. Many thanks..

[@nate3813]

If you didn't already watch The Imitation Game, nows the time. I cried a little. Just a little.

[@lastwolf42]

Hadley Green You would have trouble getting through a programming class at my school without a bucket. My professor is the biggest Alan Turing fanboy and mentions him at least once a class.

[@simbaonsteroids8836]

Nate you cried a lot like the rest of us

[@zoefischer7304]

Wait a second. People cry at this movie?

[@phelanii4444]

dude that ending effed me up, real bad. I haven't cried like that since the 11th Doctor regenerated :'(

[@MrFahrenheit2k]

Be aware that they've changed some of the aspects of his life and his work for the sake of plot. So, if you don't know much about him, better not use this movie as a thruthful source of information.

[@isuckatstarcraft96]

Finally, someone who can explain things simply, concisely, and from the ground up.

[@bikdigdaddy]

one of the best series i'm binge watchin and totally worth it!!

[@PragmaticAntithesis]

I'm impressed, you recognised the achievement of Blecthley Park.

[@andysartz]

Absolutely fascinating! I am loving the course this far! The "bug" thing really caught me. Can't wait for next week's episode! =D

[@AubreeGames]

Love the history overview! Thanks so much for this fascinating series!

[@Jim361tx]

this series is awesome .. please keep it coming

[@dalmationblack]

Loving the series so far!

[@lightspeedguru]

What a fantastic choice for the host! Great job and I can't wait to watch the rest of the series!

[@zerriep19]

whoever is the writer of this presentation and the presenter herself, I salute you. Its so engaging.

[@jonsprivatelife]

This is marvellously well done! Great hosting and editing! :)

[@liamreed459]

I used this for my homework, and it’s a very good source👌

[@MX-vg7vx]

I just have to say how much I like this series - thank you CC! Keep up the good work :)

[@KCMMFB]

As an Electronics and Comms Engineering student, hearing you talk about the progression of current/voltage controlled switches made me really excited.

[@MichaelDevery]

It's interesting to see the link from the original researchers and inventors to the well-known computer companies that still exist today

[@aenimatethemantra]

I love the way her voice sounds, just how much she loves all this! 😁

[@TheHaters112]

Ok buddy. Relax. There are plenty of females out there.

[@BetoSmith89]

This series is so amazing and promising! Carrie Anne Philbin is doing an amazing job!!! And again CrashCourse providing high quality content! Thanks CrashCourse!

[@seanwilliams7968]

thank you for this extremely well made series!

[@cipriancimpan9942]

Wonderful course! I love everything made by CrashCourse, and this one is a great addition to its playlist! The only thing I would change, if I could, would be the pace & speed of information. There's so much to assimilate in 10 minutes... maybe slow down a little or made the video longer, I don't know... No big deal though - keep up the good work, I love it.

[@AviatorMage]

I'm pretty late to seeing this series, and a new watcher of Crash Course, but I'm hoping to eventually get a degree in computer engineering and this is some of the most fascinating material I've ever watched, presented in a manner that my dumb brain can understand it. Thank you very much!

[@shopgirlkc]

I'm so freaking excited about this Crash Course!

[@petrutarabuta5617]

These episodes are amazing! Thank you!

[@TheTariqibnziyad]

this series is lit.

[@AlRoderick]

For further viewing, the Computerphile channel did a few videos on Colossus, including the real reproduction they're building at the Bletchley Park museum.

[@aungthuhein007]

Have read/watched the same stuff/ideas over and over but still find them fascinating. Great video. Well done!

[@NuevoVR]

thank you so much for these videos. i've been learning quite a few programming languages and took a course on ethical hacking but never really looked into the fundimental science of computing, great stuff

[@goku64100]

I'm considering going into computer science for a degree. So far in these two episodes have made me a lot more intested in the topic and may be what I want to major in.

[@vhawk1951kl]

computer'science'?-there is no such thing

[@ReinisRap]

Simply amazing content! Thank you for all your hard work putting this information and these videos together, much appreciated! I'm from Latvia (post-Soviet country) and my first computer was Windows95, my family got it probably around end of 90's and we were the first ones to get it in around my area. Never knew computers were already there long before that!

[@Shadow-vd7es]

Hi ,

[@ReinisRap]

@@Shadow-vd7es Hi

[@jamescarpenter8933]

I love the I Robot reference in the intro! Plus the rest of the show is excellent!

[@ChuysYouTube]

I love this series please keep up and great work!!!

[@GiladPellaeon]

It is sad to see Konrad Zuse not even mentioned during the video.

[@jangmanbnb]

Thanks. Always good to come back and watch it again. It's my 3rd time! Thank you so much for the great work.

[@caioheitor3181]

This channel is awesome, thanks for all kind of knowledge.

[@freddyacuna8829]

This is aweome. I'm so happy right now *-*

[@LamantinoElettronico]

3:34 My mind was blown so hard

[@dustman96]

This host is great!

[@cipherbeats3413]

Ive always loved this series, so informative, ....so informative

[@hopnotbellatrix290]

Really enjoying this series so far. Simple language yet very informative. Can't wait for the next video! :)

[@madleine5110]

CrashCourse is so helpful with my homework c:

[@firebucket8203]

AYAME KASUMI I could not agree more

[@davidalexallen]

Great series, I love it already! Also, I always wondered why it was called Silicon Valley but never thought to look it up.

[@bascelik91]

this is epic! I am an electrical engineer and so far this is the best crash course that I have ever seen :D well done !!!!

[@mauriciorojas187]

PLEASE KEEP MAKING THESE THIS IS THE BEST CRASH COURSE SERIES UP TO DATE

[@InquisitorLP]

I was just wondering, why you didn't mention Konrad Zuse in this Video, because his Z3, built in 1941, was the World's first programmable Computer.

[@LostInNumbers]

Joe Kerr not the first programmable, the first Turing complete.

[@zamundaaa776]

LostInNumbers Konrad Zuse (German: [ˈkɔnʁat ˈtsuːzə]; 22 June 1910 - 18 December 1995) was a German civil engineer, inventor and computer pioneer. His greatest achievement was the world's first programmable computer; the functional program-controlled Turing-complete Z3 became operational in May 1941. Thanks to this machine and its predecessors, Zuse has often been regarded as the inventor of the modern computer So Wikipedia lies ?!?

[@Lukeff7]

Probably because its still an electro mechanical device rather than a digital computer. I guess she spoke about the Harvard I because it was a more interesting example perhaps.

[@InquisitorLP]

Lukeff7 Yes, but his Z4 was the first commercial digital computer.

[@IanDunbar1]

von Braun is mentioned pretty consistently when early rocketry comes up. At least in my experience.

[@caiojardim2280]

Please captions for people who have difficulty in auditory process issues. Thank you.

[@armorsmith43]

Caio Jardim-Sousa on mobile, tap the video and in the top right, you will see three dots. Tap that and select "CC" to turn captions on.

[@joolzzenda]

All of Crash Courses' previous videos are captioned so I assume the captions will be available soon. It's a shame they aren't available as soon as the video is live though.

[@RosesAndIvy]

+joolzzenda That's because captions are fan-made.

[@joolzzenda]

Renate vd Bent I really would have thought they would do it themselves, at least in English if nothing else. I manage to find time to caption and I'm a 1 person team!

[@caiojardim2280]

Thank you everyone for the reply yes I see it now but when I watched the video there were no captions.

[@marco.nascimento]

This series is amazing!!

[@smiley235]

Great video! I look forward to this series.

[@mattabesta]

Nice episode, I feel like you glossed over the history of how transistors got so incredibly small a bit too fast though.

[@hciprof]

We've got a whole episode upcoming on the development of transistors, integrated circuits and Moore's law :) Mind-blowing stuff.

[@s2korpionic]

I mean... this is a crash course after all...

[@songfreak1745]

ahhhhh i need more of these!!! (maybe i would have stayed in CS if i had these lol) also thx for the RAM lol

[@shanebenlolo4866]

These videos are immensely informative thanks so much

[@mohammedalrantisi2553]

This course is really Amazing! Thank you very much!

[@dkSilo]

I'm the tiniest bit upset that the Z1 hasn't been mentioned yet. :)

[@GiladPellaeon]

Or Konrad Zuse at all.

[@lordofthecats6397]

Or the Z3, first (theoretically) Turing-complete computer to be built.

[@wuschelthepuschel]

Yes, but at least they did mention the Bomb and Colossus. I've seen computer science history lessons done by Americans with only American computers in them.

[@Nisa-yq9so]

Yeah I was waiting for that part

[@patrichausammann]

Oh, I like the Colossus MK1.😉

[@nimue325]

Grace Hopper is awesome in so many ways but not for coining the term "bug." Bug, meaning a technical problem, had already been in use for several decades (1800's) so, as Hopper recorded in her journal when she taped in that moth, it was funny to find the "First actual case of a bug being found." It was a good joke after a long day at work dealing with problems, basically.

[@tonykirigaya6400]

Loving this series!

[@jimliu2560]

LOVE Crash Course!!! Especially the science-based ones!!!!

[@chrisdlp2287]

Hey crash course. I would LOVE if you started a series on ART HISTORY!! I could of used it last year 😓. But i would still watch it anyways because i love art!

[@verdatum]

If I'm not mistaken, it's in development.

[@zoggerweibchen]

King Chris *could HAVE

[@sahajamatya]

Who else is watching this on their ENIAC 😎

[@DavidChipman]

LOL, sometimes it feels like it.

[@TheTariqibnziyad]

the cows

[@MrFahrenheit2k]

It would be fascinating to know how much time it will take for ENIAC to decode this video (if that's even possible to convert modern ways of computing to its logic). Would probably take literally years... lol.

[@marielleforgotmylastname8282]

Meeeeeeeeeeee!

[@MrFiremind]

Presuming you could get the data in a format it could read and could create some sort of screen for it to play on that it could communicate with then it would take 184 seconds to display 1 frame of this video and would take roughly 34 days to display all of the frames in this video. That doesn't account for audio or network communication... just displaying the content frame by frame. Also because of how colors work in relation to computers and the fact that binary wasn't exactly invented fully yet it might require up to 3 decades to display the video frame by frame if the computer must translate between sources and allow for full color schemes.

[@legoboy1707]

I joined my school's robotics team this year, and was working a lot with transistors. Seeing them here felt like seeing an old friend on TV.

[@Marcos-qv3mz]

Great series!!. keep doing them!!!

[@neophytical]

That weird moment when you realise your laptop is actually really complicated

[@shade0636]

@Guineapigs Was an insult really necessary? What's wrong with their comment? Seriously people can be so toxic for no reason.

[@shade0636]

@Guineapigs Or, you could actually educate them/correct them, so they know more than they did before. Insulting someone who isn't aware of something accomplishes nothing, they do not advance.

[@po1ybius31]

@@shade0636 What the hell happened here? Lol, but seriously, what was @Guineapigs saying that was insulting?

[@shade0636]

PO1YBIUS They insulted they one who made the comment because apparently they thought the commenter was wrong? Then they said scolding stupid people helps humanity to grow, rather than teaching them. Even though laptops actually are complicated.

[@shade0636]

PO1YBIUS Their insult wasn't that serious, it was just uncalled for and redundant to insult someone without correcting them.

[@Methylimidazol]

Missing Konrad Zuse here.

[@mauriciofernandorojas4248]

This training ONE THE BEST MATERIAL I HAVE TAKEN.

[@babelKONI]

Love where PBS is going.

[@thenoobletlego]

Minus that weird intro song, the video was pretty good. 9/10 - IMDB 7/10 - RottenTomatoes 600/10 - IGN

[@owarinoseraph2444]

Watching day before computer science exam 😢😢😢

[@skillzstarjay1014]

Ik how you feel bro

[@KiddsockTV]

Amazing how far we've come!

[@williamwilliams1000]

Brilliant explanations, absolutely brilliant. Thank you soo much.

[@talideon]

Poor overlooked Konrad Zuse...

[@GiladPellaeon]

Well, the thing is: his achievements are well known in Germany but he is overlooked in the english speaking world.

[@Methylimidazol]

Keith Gaughan Zuse must be the world's least appreciated genius.

[@brunofanp1926]

Keith Gaughan true, and plankalkul is pretty cool. Btw, you are very cute

[@dcaonoek]

I was so happy to have seen his work in the Deutsches Technikmuseum when I visited Berlin... What an amazing man!

[@jairusgerardzapata4862]

That's maybe because he worked for the Nazis

[@mijimelon]

3:29 "grace hopper" HAHAHAHAHAHAHAHA

[@ramialkhooli9451]

Wow this course is GOD DAMN HELPFUL and REALLY AMAZING 😍😍😍😍 Thank you so much 🤗

[@zeramino]

Clicked on this as soon as I saw it! Thank you guys!!

[@WPMontgomery]

I can finally understand all of these things! As a liberal arts guy I've always been confused.

[@NAMgangster]

What about Konrad Zuse and the Z1. Many people think of the Z1 as the real first computer

[@InquisitorLP]

Or atleast the Z3

[@altres16]

This is my new favorite show

[@natenorthway6488]

Wonderful! As someone who isn't that familiar with hardware, this is really insightful.

[@MrNotThatFamous]

teach me something real quick!

[@firebucket8203]

Mr Not That Famous 2+2=4

[@kittyrules]

1+1 ≠ 60

[@firebucket8203]

cat e=mc2

[@cptawesome6940]

Mr Not That Famous everything you remember is not accurate

[@firebucket8203]

Noahbody Cares grow up

[@shantanukawale9127]

this is good who agrees with me

[@vhawk1951kl]

'good' being defined as what, and how?

[@RonaldTagra]

addictive and amazing courses.

[@pil3driverwaltz164]

Best explanation of how a transistor works 👏

[@Whimsical3D]

Sad. Not a single word about Konrad Zuse. I'm not saying that CrashCourse is omitting him on purpose, that's really not their style, but it does smack a bit of historical revisionism that only American and British inventors are mentioned. I hope that this is not an indication that their research and fact-check process is still flawed.

[@lordofthecats6397]

Maybe one of the reasons he is excluded from American education is that he was a Nazi, then again Von Braun was one too. It is kinda amazing how he built the Z1 almost by himself when dozens of people and government contracts were needed to build ENIAC and other 1st generation computers

[@verdatum]

I think Zuse often gets omitted because while it's true he was a pioneer, his work ended up being less influential in the realm of building computers. They may yet discuss him when talking about programming languages, as his language, Plankalkül, had direct influence on ALGOL 58.

[@verdatum]

LordOfTheCats, he was not a member of the Nazi party. And the Z1 was on a whole other level below the ENIAC. The Z1 was more an evolution of the state of electromechanical computers/calculators. It was the size of a small car. The ENIAC filled up an entire large room.

[@TheTariqibnziyad]

+verdatum dont by the "he had no influence", they will try to make us believe that.

[@verdatum]

Ibnziyad, He needs to have been the inspiration for other people's development for him to have influence, and in terms of building computers, he wasn't. Eniac was, which was developed independent of Germany because of the war separating things. Eniac gave way to IBM, which then went on to dominate computing for decades.

[@capitus1295]

Still, something is bothering me: if you control the gate electrode to switch on and off the transistor.. what is controling the electrode gate? Shouldn't it be able to switch on and off just as many times? And if so, why the need for a transistor at all?

[@dreiundelfzig6452]

To: what is Controlling the Gate electrode: To put it simply, either another transistor‘s Drain or the circuit of an Input device - for example your Keyboard That’s pretty abstract when you take into account how complex it can get Maybe the example of a microcontroller, like the arduino (which is fairly easy to learn btw ;)) is a bit easier to grasp: When a General Purpose IO Pin is configured as Input, the Data path leads (through various transistors) eventually to the gate of another one which Controls than whatever you want it to! Got a headache? Good, now you know how I felt when I first heard about it :D

[@digammaf7060]

This is because animations in this video does not show what happens when the input is off and the control is on : the output is off. The output does not fully depends on the control, actually the output is on only if the control and the output are on, and off otherwise.

[@NargelsLikesMe]

I love the Mindstorms robot in the background! It was through those that I first learned programming :)

[@teachami7396]

Love, LOVE, L O V E !!! Thank you. I'm finally getting it. Thank you! --- Oh yes and much love for the bubble.