Early Computing: Crash Course Computer Science #1

Hello, world! Welcome to Crash Course Computer Science! So today, we’re going to take a look at computing’s origins, because even though our digital computers are relatively new, the need for computation is not. Since the start of civilization itself, humans have had an increasing need for special devices to help manage laborious tasks, and as the scale of society continued to grow, these computational devices began to play a crucial role in amplifying our mental abilities. From the abacus and astrolabe to the difference engine and tabulating machine, we’ve come a long way to satisfying this increasing need, and in the process completely transformed commerce, government, and daily life.
Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: / pbsdigitalstudios
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[@theshyguitarist4536]

And so it begins... procrastinating on my actual studies to learn something different from crash course

[@kaziislam2785]

The Shy Guitarist well not for me! I'm a computer engineering student!

[@ganaraminukshuk0]

I'm a CS major. I don't see the problem.

[@theshyguitarist4536]

Kazi Islam I'm a genetic engineer... a very different kind of engineering I'm sure you'll agree 😅 But I have an interest in bioinformatics and so maybe this course will have some relevant material to help me, even if only for a brief time. But really, I just love learning as much as possible, and I like the way this channel delivers education

[@Thoreaux]

Genetic engineering is a real field? Are your labs like the cold rooms in Blade Runner?

[@JoshCarterWeb]

+The Shy Guitarist What are your opinions on the dangers of genetic engineering? And what could go wrong if it go into the wrong hands, or used for military purposes?

[@deathdoor]

I like her. I really really like her! She talks clearly AND slowly, the best combination for a foreign spectator.

[@GenuineRazhan]

Yup, she is great in that regard. Very much appreciated.

[@vonneely1977]

Yes, it is nice to not have to watch on 50% speed for a change. :)

[@noelgoh62]

Agree! my only criticism is that the highs are a bit too sharp, perhaps it can be edited down a little

[@mileydu13014]

Yes! I used to struggle to understand john and hank but fortunatly it got better

[@francineleahy]

+

[@pocketrug1103]

So this is what Quarantine Schooling looks like huh? Sick

[@bahatinepa1621]

PocketRug yeah

[@F34ther]

ye I have to watch all the videos and then answer these questions, but I can re-watch the videos and go back and forth on the doc.

[@Rctdcttecededtef]

@@F34ther Hey this might sound really weird but I'm self-learning (or trying) CS and was wondering if it would be possible for you to send the course material related to these videos

[@F34ther]

@@Rctdcttecededtef yea sure

[@F34ther]

wait, I can't anymore cause I already turned in my work and I can't return back, sorry ;(

[@michaelpisciarino5348]

0:50 The Industrial Revolution 2:10 Computing's Origins 2:28 The Abacus 3:47 Astrolabe and The Slide Rule. Optimizing 4:57 Leibniz' Step Reckoner 6:37 Range Tables. Speed and Accuracy 7:30 Charles Babbage's Difference Engine approximates polynomials 8:13 The Analytical Engine 8:48 Ada Lovelace, the world's 1st programmer 9:18 The US Census. Hollerith's punch machine. 10:40 IBM: International Business Machine's Corporation 11:14 Next Week: Digital Computers

[@pyromofo14]

So I'm basically learning about history, not about computers today. NOT what I wanted in watching this.

[@cutiebriana8721]

tnx

[@marzuqahmed218]

@@pyromofo14 But its about the history of computers and computing.

[@pyromofo14]

@@marzuqahmed218 I would have liked to know that this wasn't really about how computers today work up untill halfway into the series 😅 I want to be a coder so a lot of this was just trivial information to me.

[@Fortunateis4luck]

Michael Pisciarino Much thanks!

[@letskeepfighting1986]

Honestly, thank you for this. My highschool does not offer comprehensive computer classes let alone computer history. Thank you.

[@alexgaggio2957]

Jenny C same. I just started programming at college and I'm pissed that I never had this opportunity in school. All we learned in regards to computers was Microsoft Word... -,-

[@letskeepfighting1986]

If anybody is in the Cybersecurity industry, I would appreciate a contact :)

[@letskeepfighting1986]

I realized not only did school not teach me but the comp sci club was really bad, too. I'm actively going to cybersec firms and participating in contests. (No firms, conferences, or companies replied to my emails though, haha.)

[@Accultus]

I'm sure you already have, but just in case, check out a channel run by Brady Haran called Computerphile. The videos on Babbage, Lovelace and Turing are amazing.

[@letskeepfighting1986]

William Wang Do you know of any reputable ones? I only really know about wechall.

[@reddcube]

The fact that you didn't start with #0 bothers me.

[@AlRoderick]

B. Winky there was a preview video...

[@brendankelly4700]

B. Winky Please tell me your joking...

[@reddcube]

Yes, I am. In computer programming zero-based numbering is very common.

[@brendankelly4700]

B. Winky oh ok I didn't know that.

[@bChipps]

B. Winky When your math professor and cs professor get in a fight whether 0 is a natural number number

[@OldieBugger]

My mother, when she was still a young student, got herself a summer job punching those punchcards at the local university. That was early 1970's. They were used for a pretty long time, much longer than any modern storage medium.

[@eddyak64]

I would really love it if crash course would make a course about teaching us how to program where in each episode they teach us about the basics of one language

[@obinator9065]

Jess If you learn something passively, you‘re pretty inefficient. Passive learning is the worst type of learning.

[@thisisme95379]

ObinAtor 1 well, Jess did say it’s NOT something you passively learn lol

[@KK-pf1ye]

PLEASE

[@user-es4vu9sf9l]

codeacademy only teaches syntax when the concepts are way more important to learn

[@theUSpopulation]

I didn't know you guys were making a computer science CC! This makes me happy.

[@isabellabornberg2153]

theUSpopulation +

[@IstasPumaNevada]

+

[@sightmsight]

theUSpopulation there was a trailer

[@theUSpopulation]

I know that now. But I missed it when it came out.

[@mimifu850]

For the first time I could actually follow the lessons week by week ❤️

[@isabellabornberg2153]

mimi fu same here

[@yixuu]

I really like this host. She speaks clearly, has a nice voice, and a really satisfying accent.

[@MajorCinnamonBuns]

Damn, this beat my high school CS classes. I feel like I need a refund from the public school system.

[@isimoya7592]

You have CS classes? XD

[@panzerfaust5046]

OH COMPUTERS! I HAVE ONE OF THOSE!

[@FireBucket]

Panzer Faust I have half of those

[@william41017]

Panzer Faust wait, is this thing real?

[@cas_thefriendlyghost2156]

Panzer Faust +

[@Yamavu]

Catt S at last RFC 2549 works for somebody. 😉

[@frankschneider6156]

+Catt S The pigeon was delicious. Great protocol. Send more pigeons ehm I mean posts.

[@paulk314]

"Hello, world! Welcome to Crash Course Computer Science!" I see what you did there ;) You knocked it out of the park with this one! I look forward to the rest of the series!

[@rajatkamalpolisety2864]

lol i get it lmao i was like what? then i remembered the first programming course i did and BOOM i remembered hello world lol

[@ganaraminukshuk0]

My first program was never a "Hello world" program, so it took me a while to understand what you were saying.

[@DomyTheMad420]

Had to re-read and think a bit too hard to get the joke x'D

[@fluffygandalfsson4506]

Haven't done a "Hello world!" as I haven't completed compulsory education yet but hopefully I'll get to later in the year if I'm accepted to the place I want to get into :D

[@secret4csshk]

I didn't know they used hello world everywhere 😂 I thought my teacher was just being super random haha

[@wyvern132]

There are 10 types of people in the world, those who can count and those who can't.

[@OsamaBodiaf]

And those who know this is in base 3. LOL

[@jenniferwood4916]

@@OsamaBodiaf Base 2*

[@hassanfathi3972]

So just the 01 of us get it.

[@General12th]

There are two types of people in the world: those who can extrapolate from incomplete information.

[@belkacem803]

there are 10 types of people in the world, those who know binary and those who don't

[@anchorite21]

I feel like I've just taken an awesome short course that's quite easy to follow and packed with interesting knowledge, and totally free! Awesome, can't wait to see the next one!

[@Leotique]

Gonna love this, but still would like to have Crash Course Philosophy going on

[@SalamanderMagic]

Official Leotique. Same

[@BominYarou]

Same, it's the best one in my opinion (maybe the guy too, his way of delivering the words is more interesting...?)

[@usadefcon1]

+Official Leotique. Crash Course Mythology is starting up, check it out

[@esosa26]

We need to get CC Philosophy into the White House, they need it urgently.

[@stoplight2554]

+Ezequiel Sosa this is the most true thing i have heard all year.

[@nomad_geek]

Love the material, love the host. It's clear to me that you really love this topic, and you're articulate and passionate. I'm so excited for this series! Thank you!

[@Shanpey]

How! I think like you. She's fantastic and passionate.

[@AEther0238]

"Computers can seem pretty complicated. But really, they're just simple machines that perform complex actions through many layers of abstraction."... Yeah... okay...

[@lincolnpepper816]

What's wrong with that statement?

[@diyaz-gaming3385]

It’s complicated

[@icy8868]

@@diyaz-gaming3385 Is it?

[@diyaz-gaming3385]

Yeah

[@diyaz-gaming3385]

Patrick M......Well 2 things...one..if they were simple...why would it take so long to make them.....two.......all those simple things make a complicated things....the layers of abstraction make it seem simple..l it everything is going on beneath the hood

[@shobegallardo3574]

this is amazingly educational, most of these are not mentioned in school.. =)

[@jaydupree418]

I wonder what computers will be like a century from now

[@OJspencer22]

they'll have ended humanity by then

[@ravenous9577]

Jay Dupree they will have become quantummmmmm and probably more adept in biological processes

[@dmitriwillguard]

Like we need their help with that. They'll be struggling to save us while we kill ourselves.

[@bee5120]

Today's computer technology relies heavily on physical wiring and electricity. But we have begun researching other ways to "run" computers without depending on electricity. One branch of that research involves studying living cells and how they encode "data" in their nucleus and use an assortment of biological components to run their "programs" such as cell movement, phagocytosis, etc. My guess is that in the far future, computers will be biological in that it will not depend on electricity to run itself. Instead, it'll use cellular functions like cell respiration or photosynthesis to generate (biological) energy.

[@dothedeed]

At which point we'll realize that the Earth itself is a giant biological computer created by aliens to calculate the meaning of life?

[@christinagonzalve9643]

as a current comp sci major, i'm super pumped to finally see a crash course comp sci series. hopefully this will encourage more upcoming college students to take an interest in the field.

[@TheNathanSproul]

I've really enjoyed CC's material, and wow, I loved this episode! Very excited for this series. Great work guys!

[@sparkss4]

This looks like the beginning of a great new CC! Love the host, you're fun and have a real passion for the topic. BTW, I wonder how many of the viewers have heard of IBM.

[@TheGenericNerd]

Carrie Anne, thank you for this series and just promoting computer science in general. It feels like a lot of educational material geared towards computers nowadays is so focused on abstracting ideas and concepts to the point that "computer programming" itself has been turned into a paint-by-numbers kit where everything relies on external libraries and interpreted languages without understanding what is happening with the data under the hood.

[@matanfleishman4718]

As a Computer Science student, I'd love it if this crash course would include a more theoretical approach to videos, explaining CS theories like automatas and algorithms, instead of just explaining what a USB is.

[@amyogan]

algorithms come in episode 13! we'll get there!

[@amyogan]

don't worry, we'll get to the theoretical foundations in the not-too-distant future!

[@vhawk1951kl]

you might like to consider what the long-term effects of a massive CME would be once it is fried all the circuits in all the toys to which people to be an addicted

[@NutzlastB0hne]

This is great! I'm working as a programmer and am often looking for good/easy ways to explain this kind of stuff to humanoids in my surroundings. This series will definitely help with that. And I love to learn about all the the cool background stories, too. Thx CrashCourse team!

[@nowheregirl921]

I loved this episode. I was taught computer science intro in university and honestly, this was never discussed. I am so thankful to you for this, Crash Course. You guys rock!

[@daniellesaints7647]

As someone who grew up before this was taught in school, I'm hooked! Thanks for making a Computer Science CC!

[@AlleyBetwixt]

Oooo, I'm so excited for this! Carrie Anne is a fantastic presenter. This first episode was pretty dense already, but it didn't feel like it. Great job to the whole team!

[@spinofthewheel5345]

Jesus ok bud

[@PoseidonXIII]

Crash course keeps getting better and better! I love the differing text backgrounds used, very creative and eye catching. It's an improvement from past series that only ever used two backgrounds for text. Awesome job, and awesome series so far.

[@nightman365]

Thank you, I've been needing this. Using these amazing tools while not knowing how/where they came from was driving me nuts.

[@OpreanMircea]

I love how I am called a peasant for using a calculator by a guy from 1694.

[@kylewhitehead1684]

Well this was the age when people still got shit done by themselves. Now computers take on more and more of our everyday mental tasks. I don't doubt we've all gotten more stupid in many areas.

[@helmiazizm]

Oprean Trifan Mircea lol peasant

[@lorenzoeldude]

Do you actually love it?

[@william41017]

Kyle Whitehead what, no. The guy from 1694 was talking about how some peasant with a machine can do the same work as a mathematician, he was exalting the machines

[@choedzin]

Better a mere peasant than a rogue and slave, to boot!

[@hayitsmskitkat26]

Ahhh I am super excited to follow this series!! I have had my mind set on becoming a video game designer for a while, and this series gives me the opportunity to learn the basics of computer science! Thank you :D

[@Shanpey]

I hope you to be follow your goals!

[@jollygrapefruit786]

"Trucks with food wouldnt know where to deliver" Atlas's are a thing

[@d.g2643]

Of course there's a Crash Course for this. I've been prepping to self-teach programming as a career, just finished college, and I needed this kind of info dump to get myself oriented. This series is going to change my life. I promise. Thank you. My word, thank you.

[@mglenadel]

Quick tidbit: Hollerith's influence is so far-reaching that in some areas of Brazil (Most notably the country's largest city, São Paulo) paychecks are still called "holerite" (from the local pronunciation of Hollerith's name), because there, where Brazilian industry began in earnest, paychecks (or rather the discrimination of hours worked, overtime, deductions etc. that came with it) were processed in Hollerith-branded machines (and, if I'm not mistaken, printed in Hollerith-branded cards).

[@bymatthewansley]

So excited for this one! I've always struggled to totally wrap my head around the fundamentals of computing. Even this first episode stretched the ol' brain a little. Can't wait to learn!

[@DJjetseb]

Awesome, I was looking for a course like during the last 3 years! Thanks a lot, wish you all the best!

[@ScienceGeek23]

Omg the way she described division... my mind was blown!!

[@thoughtsofsteve8655]

As someone with a Bachelor's in videogame design, I really appreciate the refresher course for the basics. Keep 'em coming!

[@WiseWik]

Steve's Thoughts as someone with a PhD in quantum theory I appreciate you appreciating this sequence of events.

[@vonneely1977]

Steve's Thoughts: You are officially more qualified than 95% of the "game devs" on Steam.

[@IceMetalPunk]

+TheRealPaulMarshall As a computer scientist, I appreciate the idea that you have somehow played or developed a video game without using a computer. (And I would really like to know how that works.)

[@hal40k]

As a fellow English Speaker, I appreciate that the original comment stated "videogame design" so knowing how computing works can be put to very good use when optimising such video games for the respective systems they will be distributed on. I would also like to add, that as a lateral thinker (I mean who isn't really?) I really appreciate the sign of a poor designer who thinks "that design is separate from both creation and use".

[@IceMetalPunk]

+TheRealPaulMarshall As another English speaker, I find it disappointing that someone would think design is totally independent from creation, as it's impossible to create optimally effective and efficient designs without knowing about the platform your product will exist on. (This is also coming from me as a programmer and occasional video game designer as well.)

[@OriginalDisplayName]

The video was released 5 minutes ago and lasts 12 minutes.. There are 23 comments and counting... I'm no mathematician but... Something tells me people are commenting before having watched!

[@toffeesky6227]

I see you're new to KZbin...

[@lorenzoeldude]

You have a math talent dude, do something with it!

[@vhawk1951kl]

fair point, but I have watched it, rather wondering how it is that you managed to stay in her seat with all that flying around and she opens her mouth. She needs a crash course on purely English, and on how to keep her hands and arms still when she speaks. What will she do when a massive CME fries all the circuits in her little toys?

[@vhawk1951kl]

yet you apparently have nothing better to do than monitor this?

[@jmal]

I'm studying computer networking in college (taking my first few major courses), and this series couldn't have come at a better time! Thanks so much! :D

[@WatermanSurin]

its crazy how much info is packed into these videos! thank you so much for making this

[@mattkk4120]

I'm loving this so far!😊

[@TheMaplestrip]

1:41 "but not be dependent on them" - I really appreciate this note. I've been too overwhelmed to look at Physics since its first few episodes, so I'm happy to know that I can always come back even if a subject becomes too much for me ^_^

[@Lukeff7]

Love this! Hoping next video will inform many about the amazing stuff done at Bletchley

[@Ed-quadF]

Really nice work Carrie Ann. This is a series I'll be watching. Thanks!

[@boffa994]

Thanks to the Crashcourse staff for this new series. Been waiting for a series on computer science.

[@00buck80]

Amazingly well explained. I never knew the history of computers they don't teach that in school thank you so much

[@abramthiessen8749]

This is off to a good start. I hope that it continues to hold such high quality of presentation and content.

[@rredfearn32]

Brilliant start to a much anticipated series. Looking forward to the next one!

[@lVlearchen]

I would have liked some more information on how those other mechanical computers actually worked. I wouldn't mind if the episodes are more than 20 minutes long

[@lVlearchen]

Great video either way!

[@hciprof]

It'll be diving into more technical details soon :)

[@fatsquirrel75]

That wouldn't exactly be a crash course, now would it?

[@Swictor]

lVlearchen I believe computerphile has some videos on that.

[@doraaaa0613]

i'm so proud of how this channel has grown

[@athanatic]

I am super excited about this series. I am sure to learn a lot and I often want to explain one of these topics to someone and a resource like this is going to be great!

[@afridajahin9630]

Thank you so much for considering computer science! I'm positive I'll improve by miles since there are very few visual auditory resources on the particular subject; it's a relief to know I can take more of an initiative to improve my grades now.

[@aaronjameshorne]

It's been 2 years since this series? Can't believe it.

[@MohamedAhmed-fq6yy]

you born in 1999?

[@MattSvH]

Great Cameron Howe/Halt and Catch Fire reference at 2:21 !

[@OAmoretNoctis1Izzy]

MattSvH yes I’m glad someone else noticed this!!

[@MrNIKMART]

Just got started, hoping to use this as the foundation to teach myself programming. Loving it so far.

[@aayushtandon]

I'm Indian and my grandfather had an old rotary phone in the 90s because the electronics market hadn't boomed here yet and we had to dial the numbers - literally by rotating the dial. To think that we, worldwide, still use that near identical flimsy cable that barely sent voice to power our super fast internet. (Obviously the telephone server has upgraded). I now have a masters degree in computer science and probably know all that they will cover, but I will still watch it because it blows my mind every time I try to wrap my head around the awesomeness of the concept. We are destined to go very far, my friends, and computing is our golden ticket into the chocolate factory.

[@ana33108]

I already love the tone and I'm really motivated by how passionate about the subject Carrie Anne seems. I look forward to the rest of the series :D

[@loonyxoxlovegood]

As a computer science teacher, I'm so excited to see Crash Course tackle computing topics.

[@coolbrotherf127]

This video is almost word for word exactly what my computer science professor taught in class.

[@DonRobertson82]

This is more educating and affordable than actual school... the cc series is excellent. please continue!

[@Claire-gq4nq]

PLEASE CONTINUE THIS! While jobs that revolve around science and technology leave room for a lot of creative thinking, young people tend to run the other direction because of all the 'technical talk' involved. However, these creative thinkers in these fields are exactly what the world needs right now, so having someone explain these concepts in interesting ways is extremely important.

[@ChristianNeihart]

I am going to enjoy this.

[@jotalina]

First time watching a video of this channel and I love it!! I can't wait to see the next episodes.

[@childofgod2471]

Yay! I found a new series that I can look forward to watching each week!!

[@kidagine]

This is great, other than just more knowledge about computers it gives me more energy and passion to continue my programming

[@rossheintzkill4848]

Completely terrific! Love it. Good job across the board!

[@ATPMolloy1]

This is excellent - That lady can deliver cogent clear information at a hell of a rate!!

[@kappawodori]

finally caught up with the current course! i do enjoy your courses

[@kevinrawls7138]

I'm so happy you guys are doing this! I'm a software developer and I absolutely love the videos you guys do. I'm really looking forward to the rest of this series!

[@kevin-cosio]

Great Video!!! Thank you so much, this really helped me out!!! I'm taking the AP Exam this year!!! I'm

[@pseudogenesis]

Computer science! I'm definitely going to watch this one. I would love a series on actual programming though.

[@theamithsingh]

I'm learning so much from this course!

[@robrousejr6216]

Awesome! :) Add this to the Playlist though, didn't get my notification!

[@TSBoncompte]

shes super nice... clear-spoken, enthusiastic, cheerful, pleasant-sounding and you know what else? no creaky voice!

[@KLProductiongermany]

Very interesting. Learned something new today. Thank you! I am looking forward to the next Episode!

[@ryantessier5399]

So excited about this series! Thanks Carrie Anne!

[@johnedeldoctor1484]

I love her. I remember my college days. she's a great teacher than my instructors.

[@ravenous9577]

IMA LOVE THIS SERIES

[@dimduk]

I like learning when it's fluid and interesting. Well made video, good job.

[@joshvannatta570]

Yaay!!!! I'm so excited for this series. Some of the few joys I have in my life include infotainment and computer science. Can't wait for more!

[@SirDrinksAlot]

Also a fun fact: Ada, the first programmer, is the daughter of famous English romantic poet Lord Byron.

[@candlestyx8517]

Beat me to it!

[@earth20331]

Great video!

[@Glacier_Nester]

loving how my computer science degree is progressing, so this'll be a neat crash course to watch!

[@SalvageET]

Why would anyone ever dislike these videos? They are teaching you all this useful knowledge and they aren't gaining anything from it (there aren't any ads) this is one of the kindest things one can do.

[@monowill8314]

I like her. She doesn't talk overly fast and too energetic like John Green

[@Eclipse-ed6ce]

Bro, john green is a god

[@rparl]

Let us shed a tear for the passing of the slide rule.

[@Pile_of_carbon]

Looking forward to the rest of this series. Great choice of host. Her voice is really nice to listen to.

[@pinklady7184]

I am only 6 weeks learning programming and I am learning fast from brilliant KZbinrs like you. Many thanks for tutorials.

[@FedericoTrentonGame]

Awesome serie! Thanks :)

[@liquidmodernitytasteslikeu2855]

As a brazilian i would be really glad if someone did a good "CC" subtitles on this series, thank you!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! edit: i noticed there is a CC ( closed captions ) option, so thank you a lot

[@halonothing1]

I just started learning electronics about 6 months ago and I've recently been getting into digital logic circuits. My goal is to at some point make my own computer and CPU from chips containing logic gates, registers, memory, tristate buffers and whatever else I may need. I'm hoping by consulting multiple sources on KZbin as well as written articles on sites like All About Electronics and Electronics tutorials that I'll be able to do this eventually. So far I'm up to making and understanding registers. I've also been following a series by Ben Eater on how to make an 8 bit computer on breadboards and Julian Ilett also has some great videos on making breadboard computers on his channel. I've only just started this series here on Crash Course, but it seems to be a promising addition to my complement of resources. Thanks for taking the time to make this series. I really appreciate people like you guys taking the time and expending the effort to share your knowledge with others. There's no quality I respect more in another person than sharing knowledge. Here's to new endeavours.

[@Shanpey]

Thank you very much for share this knowledge with us. It's incredible how us, the humans always find solutions when us really needed. It's hopeful! I'm anxious to see all episodes. Thanks Again!

[@KennethKeyn]

Is the background for the credits screen available somewhere? I think that would make an awesome desktop image. :)

[@SarahPuls]

As an IT professional and student, I'm super excited for this series! Can't wait to learn some things that I didn't know.

[@carlosnyasowa1709]

Keep adding more Keep adding more. The best presenter ever Carrie Anne

[@alexholker1309]

A nice start to the series. I'll have to recommend this to a few people.