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Death of Roland Freisler - Hitler's Fanatical Screaming Nazi Judge - Plot to Assassinate Hitler.
When the First World War began on the 28th of July 1914, Roland Freisler was studying law at the University of Jena.
In 1919 Freisler returned to Germany to complete his law studies at the University of Jena and in 1922 he qualified as a Doctor of Law.
In July 1925 Freisler joined the Nazi Party.
After Adolf Hitler and the Nazi party came into power in January 1933, Freisler became a member of the Reichstag - the German Parliament.
Freisler was a committed Nazi ideologist, and used his legal skills to adapt its theories into practical law-making and judicature.
He also strongly advocated for the creation of laws to punish so called “race defilement" which was the Nazi term for sexual relations between "Aryans" and those deemed as "inferior races”. In 1933, he even published a pamphlet calling for the legal prohibition of "mixed-blood" sexual intercourse. Freisler's ideological views reflected things to come, as 2 years later on the 15th of September 1935, the Nazi regime announced two new laws:
The Reich Citizenship Law which defined a citizen as a person who is “of German or related blood.” ; which meant that Jews, defined as a separate race, could not be full citizens of Germany and had no political rights;
and The Law for the Protection of German Blood and German Honor which banned future intermarriages and sexual relations between Jews and people “of German or related blood.” The Nazis believed that such relationships were dangerous because they led to “mixed race” children. According to the Nazis, these children and their descendants undermined the purity of the German race.
World War 2 started on the 1st of September 1939 when Germany invaded Poland.
On the 20th of January 1942, 15 high-ranking Nazi Party and German government officials gathered at a villa in the Berlin suburb of Wannsee to discuss and coordinate the implementation of what they called the "Final Solution of the Jewish Question." The "Final Solution" was the code name for the systematic, deliberate and physical annihilation of the European Jews. Adolf Hitler had authorized this European-wide scheme for mass murder at some still undetermined time in 1941.
At the time of this Wannsee Conference, most participants were already aware that the Nazi regime had engaged in mass murder of Jews and other civilians in the German-occupied areas of the Soviet Union and in Serbia.
On the 20th of August 1942, Hitler named Freisler president of the People's Court.
Under Freisler's rule, the frequency of death sentences rose sharply. Approximately 90% of all cases that came before him ended in guilty verdicts. Between 1942 and 1945, more than 5,000 death sentences were decreed by him, 2,600 of these through the court's First Senate, which Freisler controlled. He was responsible in his three years on the court for as many death sentences as all other senate sessions of the court combined in the court's existence between 1934 and 1945.
When on the 18th of February 1943, Hans Scholl and Sophie Scholl were distributing leaflets at the Ludwig Maximilian University, they were reported to the official secret police of Nazi Germany - the Gestapo and then arrested.
Roland Freisler sentenced them to death.
Another of Freisler’s victims was Elfriede Scholz, a sister of German-born novelist Erich Maria Remarque. After a failed bomb attempt to assassinate Hitler on his airplane, Claus von Stauffenberg and other conspirators attempted to assassinate Adolf Hitler inside his Wolf's Lair field headquarters.
In the days that followed, Hitler ordered a massive hunt for conspirators which continued for months. In August 1944, some of the arrested perpetrators of the failed assassination were brought before Freisler for punishment. Hitler had ordered that those found guilty should be "hanged like cattle".
In the end more than 7,000 people were arrested. 4,980 of them were executed, often on the barest evidence.
Roland Freisler died on the 3rd of February 1945 when United States Army Air Forces bombers attacked Berlin.
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