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Yakov Dzhugashvili was born on the 31st of March 1907 in Baji, Georgia, then part of the Russian Empire. His mother, Kato Svanidze, was the first wife of Joseph Stalin and they married in 1906 when Stalin was still rising in the ranks of the Bolshevik party. Svanidze was very devout and insisted on a religious wedding in a church, which the atheist Stalin accepted. Svanidze worshipped her husband like a demigod, found him charming and was fascinated by his intellect. Stalin would later in life describe Svanidze as follows: "she was very sweet and beautiful, she melted my heart''.
A few months after Yakov's birth, Stalin was involved in a high-profile bank robbery, and the three of them fled from Georgia to Baku, Azerbaijan, to avoid arrest. Stalin was frequently away from home, leaving Svanidze alone in a place where she did not know many people. The stress of worrying about Stalin, as well as the warm climate took a toll on her health, and Svanidze soon fell ill. Her family invited her to move back to Racha, Georgia, which has a much milder climate, to recover and be with people she knew, but Svanidze was reluctant to abandon her husband. Stalin was concerned about her health and decided to bring her back to her family in Tbilisi, Georgia. However, on the 13-hour journey back to Georgia, Svanidze drank some contaminated water, and contracted typhus. She died on 5 December 1907, three weeks after her return to Tbilisi. Stalin was devastated by the death of his wife and at the funeral he allegedly said "This creature softened my heart of stone. She died and with her died my last warm feelings for humanity." He was so overwhelmed with grief that that his comrades took his gun away from him. During the funeral, Stalin threw himself into her grave, and had to be dragged out. After the funeral he left Georgia and returned to Azerbaijan abandoning the 8-month-old Yakov to be raised by his mother's relatives. Stalin would not return to visit his son for several years and Yakov would spend the next fourteen years being raised by his aunts.
When the 14 year old Yakov was brought to Moscow in 1921 to live with Stalin, he found out that his father had remarried with his second wife, Nadezhda Alliluyeva. Yakov's half-siblings, Vasily and Svetlana were born after he moved. In the beginning Yakov struggled to settle in Moscow because he did not understand Russian and his relationship with his father was strained. Stalin physically and emotionally abused his son, and he even forbade him from changing his last name to Stalin. It is believed that Stalin hated Yakov because he resembled his mother, which was one of the happier times in Stalin's life. However, Yakov, a kind individual, was close to his half-siblings, as well as his step-mother Nadezhda Alliluyeva, who was only six years older than him.
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