Anatomy and Physiology of Larynx , Action of Laryngeal muscles , Dr Bhanu prakash

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Upper Airway: Larynx
The larynx is organized into 3 major regions
1) Vestibule: between the entrance to the larynx and the vestibular folds (i.e. “false vocal cords”).
The vestibular folds contain the vestibular ligaments which are the thickened inferior edges of the quadrangular membrane.
2) Ventricles: The portion between the false vocal cords (superiorly) and the true vocal folds (inferiorly).
The vocal folds contain the vocal ligaments which are thickenings of the superior edge of the conus elasticus.
Vibration of the adducted vocal ligaments with expiration produces sound (see section on muscles below for more on movement of the vocal ligaments).
3) Infraglottic cavity: Portion of the larynx inferior to the vocal folds. It communicates distally with the lumen of the trachea.
The larynx is composed of a cartilaginous skeleton
Thyroid cartilage: Composed of 2 laminae and 2 pairs of cornua.
Laminae: The plates which form the majority of the thyroid cartilage. The indentation in the midline is known as the superior thyroid notch. The inferior pharyngeal constrictor, sternothyroid and thyrohyoid muscles all attach to the laminae.
Cornua: Fingerlike projections that extend superiorly and inferiorly from the laminae.
Thyrohyoid membrane: Connective tissue membrane which connects the thyroid cartilage to the hyoid bone.
Cricoid cartilage: Composed of a narrow anterior arch and a broad posterior lamina.
Arch: Connects to the thyroid cartilage superiorly via the median cricothyroid ligament and to the first tracheal ring inferiorly via the cricotracheal ligament.
Lamina: Articulates superiorly with the arytenoid cartilages and the inferior cornua of the thyroid cartilage.
Clinical Correlate: In the event of an emergency if an airway can not be established by endotracheal intubation a cricothyroidotomy can be done where the cricothyroid membrane is incised.
Arytenoid cartilages: Pyramidal cartilages that articulate at their base with the lamina of the cricoid cartilage.
Muscular process: Extends laterally and provides attachment points for muscles.
Vocal process: Extends anteriorly and is the attachment point for the vocal ligaments.
Muscles of the larynx
Cricothyroid: Tilts the thyroid cartilage forward.
Action: Tenses and adducts the vocal ligaments.
Posterior cricoarytenoid: Laterally rotates the arytenoid cartilage.
Action: Abducts the vocal ligaments.
Note: These muscles are the only abductors of the vocal ligaments and are thus extremely important to maintaining an open airway!
Lateral cricoarytenoid: Medially rotates the arytenoid cartilage.
Action: Adducts the vocal ligaments.
Arytenoideus: Composed of transverse and oblique parts.
Action: Adducts the vocal ligaments.
Thyroarytenoideus: From the thyroid laminae to the arytenoid cartilage.
Action: Adducts the vocal ligaments.
Thyroepiglotticus: From the thyroid laminae to the lateral aspect of the epiglottis.
Action: Holds epiglottis closed during swallowing to prevent entrance of food or liquid into the larynx during swallowing.
Nerves of the larynx
Superior laryngeal nerve: Divides into internal and external laryngeal nerves.
Internal laryngeal nerve: Enters thyrohyoid membrane with superior laryngeal artery. Provides sensory innervation to mucosa superior to vocal folds.
External laryngeal nerve: Travels with superior thyroid artery and provides motor innervation to the cricothyroid muscle.
Recurrent laryngeal nerves:
- Right: Loops under subclavian artery
- Left: Loops under arch of aorta
Both ascend posterior to the esophagus and enter the larynx at the level of the cricothyroid articulation.
Motor innervation to ALL muscles of the larynx (except the cricothyroids, as noted above) and provides sensory innervation to the mucosa of the larynx inferior to the vocal folds.
Arteries of the larynx
Superior laryngeal artery: A branch of the superior thyroid artery.
Travels with the internal laryngeal nerve.
Inferior laryngeal artery: A branch of the inferior thyroid artery.
Travels with the recurrent laryngeal nerve.
#larynxanatomy #larynxphysiology #anatomyoflarynx #physiologyoflarynx #larynx
#drgbhanuprakash #animatedmedicalvideos #bhanuprakashanatomylectures #usmlevideos #usmleanatomyvideos #usmlestep1videos #movementoflarynx #physiologyoflarynx #functionsoflarynx #laryngealmusclemovements #vocalcords #vocalcordmovements

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

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[@vikasreddy626]

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[@airintina5468]

How can I get them all?

[@imsuman957]

Please, give your video in hindi.

[@Doctr_dope]

If only all doctors had taught us like this in our medical colleges, we should’ve topped all our exams in college. Interesting, concise and clear. Thank you sir for the video, grateful for this.

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

Thank you so much

[@ayaalhaddad3232]

when you have test on Monday and you didn't study anything so you end up watching Indian doctors videos for 3 hours 😭🤯💔

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

Did u like the video ?

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True im watching from pakistan and the time is 5 am 🥲

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Yes mine's internals

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[@immaculatemwangi3099]

Me watching this with an ENT paper in 5 hours 🤡

[@alimiri4949]

It was really easy to understand.Best explanation about larynx,ever!! Thank you so much from Iran.

[@dhanashreeshinde890]

marvelous! explanation as well as animation! I simply enjoyed while watching .. A nice quick recap of larynx with clinical correlation!

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

🤝🤝🤝 tysm

[@GokulChandCreation]

Frankly speaking ur tutorials r like diamond.... Brief and very useful 👌👌👌👌👌

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

Thank u

[@ayuseibrahim4311]

my best anatomy tuitor so far .....you are too much

[@rohan224519]

Nicely explained Dr Bhanu, very helpful.

[@rinkytripathi6657]

Super video sir , directly to the point ,good for quick revision

[@rameshwarpadole6051]

Respected sir... Excellent teaching,, excellent animation... Anatomy is made easy...There should be subscription for all subjects,, contents for a year sir...

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

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[@consciousandoriented.7199]

It was soo best and excellent!! No one can teach like this. Sir, thanking you frm very happy heart.. Plz keep up...

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

It's my pleasure

[@shaikharman3357]

Best video to understand larynx

[@medzoklife]

👍👍👍👌. Informative channel. Superb lucid way.

[@rupakkc2917]

Thank you very much sir.Tomorrow is mine exam,now i can write about it.

[@maydegalawen1115]

Oh, this is perfect, complete and concise! You're amazing doctor. You cleared it all for us. Thank you soo much. :)

[@Yourbrainonatest]

Vocalis muscle and Aryepiglottic muscle left the chat

[@hh-zq9io]

Appreciated....million thx

[@Khushboolodhi71124]

Amazing samajhaya..🥰😍😍

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Awesome.Sir...lots of respect.

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[@user-qz7je1ep5d]

شرح رائع شكرا لك

[@hajra11]

Thank you would be very small word to express my gratitude Sir.. thank you so much for providing such wonderful videos for free..❤️😊

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

Most welcome

[@aroojather9533]

Amazing its very helpful i was just reading larynx for tomorrow’s assessmnt nd i got stuck in anatomy but after watching this video i have cleared about all thank uu nd keep uploading such helpful videos for us...

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

Tysm

[@whiterose5206]

thank you so much!

[@theprofessor451]

Thank you so much, sir.

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Honestly this channel is the best

[@drgkanuragi]

Nice lecture in nutshell ...really helpful

[@ThomasAntonyENT]

Excellent lecture, lucid description and amazing visuals. If I may show a mistake, the posterior crico-arytenoid abduction movement is not brought out correctly (it shows adduction movements instead). But yours is a wonderful achievement

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

tysm sir , will correct it

[@Yourbrainonatest]

Vocalis left:

[@zeeshanalientguru5459]

Very good effort and a job well done... Keep it up please

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thank you so much! this is really helpful for USMLE

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this is the best animation I have found, it is clear and professional, thanks!

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

Thank u

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Thank you so much..

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[@doctorbhanuprakash]

Glad to hear that

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thank you ,..

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Can't thank u enough for this sir❤️

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Brilliant. This way should come once again, in the new series.

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best anatomy video regarding to larynx i ever seen.

[@Dr..........]

Explanation is so clear..I love it..

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

tysm

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Really Wow!!!!

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Thank you very much sir

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What a perfect explanation 👌 ❤ Thanks a lot

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

Most welcome!

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Marvelous 👍👍

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Amazingly explained…thank u sir 😊

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

Keep watching

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that was simply great...........good job there

[@ciickheremasteranatomyandp9703]

Mahnoor Khalid

[@ranisawant5739]

Too good Sir

[@user-ce9xq7vi8f]

Thank very much

[@Pjkoko]

The way you illustrate the action of the cricothyroid suggests it tilts the cricoid cartilage backward rather than the thyroid cartilage forward and down. It is important to clarify this mechanism.

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Best best,..........

[@medmeguru9094]

I am so amazed by your videos! So good

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

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Ur tutorial is consised and to the point,,,,million thx sir

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Awesome 😎👍

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Thanku so much sir On one teach anatomy like this in the world 🌍

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

Thank you so much ....

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Thank You very much Sir.!

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[@doctorbhanuprakash]

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Animations and explanations are excellent ..........

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

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thank you

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Awesome

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Excellent no words for your explanation and animations

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

Tysm

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Gold videos❤️

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Nice sir👍🙏

[@stevenburton7922]

I'm am a vocalist and found this video to be very informative and straight to the point. Thank you for posting!

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

Thank you so much

[@adityatamboli951]

thanks

[@Anonymous-up4tz]

Wee need more videos like thesee..

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

Sureee

[@drtrortho4081]

Good explanation and animations.. Thanks but? Is it true recurrent laryngeal nerve pases posterior to esophagus?

[@drckj3291]

The best video on larynx so far Thank you sir 👍

[@ngobin100]

Does the Thyroepiglotticus not widen the laryngeal inlet and the Aryepiglotticus close the laryngeal inlet?

[@gabriella307]

Thank you thank you❤

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

Most welcome

[@zaakaariyayuusoofzai6476]

thanks a lot really it's very useful to me

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

Thanknu so much

[@sohailislam39]

4:41 nerve supply of larynx

[@vijaygovindraj]

Well explained ji

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

thank u so much sir ji , how are you hope ur doing well sir ... after long time

[@shivanityagi5786]

Very well explained...excellent

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

Tysm

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Excellent animation and presentation sir.

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

Tysm

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One guy had pressed my neck in 6 month before. left side thoart is painful in still.i checked one doctors in ENT he checked and say nothing .but pain and speak some can't flow free pls tell me any medicine or what type of doctor I will consult?

[@thivyakaruppusamy2909]

Sir please make video on neuro anatomy

[@azalmajid6495]

That’s amazing ❤❤❤❤

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

Tysm

[@aatmanraina9926]

Beautifull explanation

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

Thanks for liking

[@sritharans11]

Sir I am third year before exam after your video made realisation of vocal cords

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

All the best

[@randomme7920]

very great explanation

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

Glad you liked it

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Longest 6 minutes, awesome video

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

Tysm

[@veenashree8073]

Adding subtitles and marking the parts on the screen maybe would help extra. Middle ear anatomy video was favourite of mine.

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

Tysm , it's pretty old video..we have improved a lot later

[@jagatlalpoddar6201]

I love you sir

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Amazing sir 🙌

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

Tqsm.

[@warriorsage591]

I got a question. I got choaked out very bad and I couldn't breath. Can this close the airways permanently? Or do they bounce back,?

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Sir I have some doubt even I am first year student in abroad sir according to 2021 what exam is appearing for foreign students

[@murthypydivenkataramana2512]

👌👌👌

[@KadiyamNavya-yt1eu]

Muscle of tongue explanation pls

[@jcee6886]

So in singing a laryngeal tilt is literally a tilt. Not just a vocal sensation.

[@kalpeshwani8520]

👍👍👍👍👍👍

[@abhineet2730]

Sir, make video in white background….the screenshot can be used for making paper notes.

[@arjumanmalek4012]

thank you sir,ur way of teaching is superrrr but sir please speak slowly bcoz smtym its hard to understand ....

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

+Arjuman Husain aure ill keep that in mind for coming videos

[@thestoryteller101.]

You can change the speed of the video to 0.75x

[@Dr.lost586]

Sir What's the price for subscription??

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Kamal krte ho 😭😭❤️❤️❤️

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

🤝🤝🤝

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👍

[@madhavigoud8271]

Sir plz teach all chps in zoology sir for neet with animation plzz sir requesting 🙏🙏🙏

[@khushiaditya4368]

Sir aap development of the nose ko bhi explain kijiye n

[@sumedhachalotra9233]

Sir your blackboard lectures are really good please try to continue with them

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

Yes started doing both... for same topics

[@sumedhachalotra9233]

@@doctorbhanuprakash thanks sir.

[@sbpavani3994]

Name of exam sir for foreign students to appear in india

[@lostbirdify]

Can somebody tell me what is the secret that the indian singing voice is so special and unique 😍