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This is an example problem that will show you how to graphically draw a shear and moment diagram for a beam. In general the process goes like this:
1) Calculate support reactions
2) Draw vertical lines at discontinuities
3) Draw graphically by applying relationships for loading, shear, and moment
dV/dx = w (slope of the shear diagram is the value of distributed load)
dM/dx = V (slope of the moment diagram is the value of the shear)
change in shear = area under the distributed load
change in moment = area under the shear diagram