Electromagnetic Spectrum Explained - Gamma X rays Microwaves Infrared Radio Waves UV Visble Light

[@TheOrganicChemistryTutor]

Final Exams and Video Playlists: www.video-tutor.net/

[@theoretically_true151]

0:00 Electromagnetic Spectrum (in order of increasing energy and frequency) -Radio waves -Microwaves -Infrared -Visible Light [Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Violet] -Ultraviolet Rays -X-Rays -Gamma Rays -Cosmic Rays 0:58 Trends in the Electromagnetic Spectrum -As you go to the RIGHT: -energy increases -frequency increases -As you go to the LEFT: -wavelength increases 1:29 Practice with the Trends in the Electromagnetic Spectrum -1:33 Which has more energy: a blue photon or a red photon? -a blue photon because it's farther on the right -1:55 Which has a higher frequency: microwaves or infrared radiation? -infrared radiation because it's farther on the right -2:10 Which has a longer wavelength: X-rays or gamma rays? -X-rays have a longer wavelength because it's farther to the left -2:25 Which has more energy: microwaves or ultraviolet radiation? -Ultraviolet radiation because it's farther on the right -2:38 Which one has a lower frequency: gamma rays or cosmic radiation? -Cosmic radiation because it's farther to the left -2:53 Which one has a shorter wavelength: yellow light or green light? -Green because it's farther on the right (wavelength increases to the left so it decreases when going to the right) 3:20 Wavelength Frequency vs. Energy -As wavelength increases, the frequency and the energy decrease -As wavelength decreases, the frequency and the energy increase 4:03 Equations Between Wavelength, Frequency and Energy -(speed of light (3*10^8 m/s))=(wavelength)*(frequency) -(velocity (of light))= (speed of light)/(index) -light travels slower in various mediums 5:48 More Equations -(energy of a photon)= (planck's constant (6.626*10^-34 Joules/second)*(frequency) 6:10 PRACTICE PROBLEMS -If you have a wavelength of 700 nanometers (red photon), calculate the frequency of this photon. -We know: -c= (wavelength)*(frequency) -frequency= c/(wavelength) -(plug in 3*10^8 m/s for c) frequency= (3*10^8 m/s)/(700*10^-9 m) -you will get: 4.286*10^14 hertz -8:24 calculate the energy of that red photon: -We know: -E=(planck's constant)*(frequency) -(plug in everything) E= 6.626*10^-34 Joules/second * (4.286*10^14 (1/s)) -you will get: 2.84*10^-19 Joules -9:34 Converting to electron volts -Conversion factor: 1.602*10^-19 Joules= 1 eV (electron volt) -10:00 Converting 2.84*10^-19 Joules to electron volts -(2.84*10^-19 Joules)*(1 eV / 1.602*10^-19 Joules)= 1.773 eV -10:43 Calculating the energy of a blue photon with a wavelength of 480 nanometers -How can we directly calculate the energy of a photon with the wavelength? -So we know that E=(planck's constant)*(frequency) and that Frequency=c/(wavelength) -Therefore, by substituting the frequency formula into the energy formula, we get E= (planck's constant*C)/(wavelength) -11:36 Now let's solve: -E= (planck's constant*C)/(wavelength) ------> (6.626*10^-34 Joules* (3*10^8 m/s))/ (480*10^-9 m) ------------> 4.14*10^-19 Joules, which is about 2.585 eV -12:33 Calculating joules, frequency, and wavelength with electron volts -Convert 7 eV to Joules, frequency, and wavelength in nanometers -12:59 Converting eV to Joules: 7 eV*(1.602*10^-19)/1 eV --------> 1.12*10^-18 Joules -13:37 Converting eV to frequency: -Because we know E=hf, when rearranged, f=E/h -So, directly substituting the amount of joules for E and planck's constant for h: -(f= 1.12*10^-18 Joules)/(6.626*10^-34 Joules)= 1.1692*10^15 hertz -14:23 Converting eV to wavelength -Because we know c=(wavelength)*f, when rearranged, Wavelength= c/f -So, directly substituting c for the speed of light and f for the frequency we found for 7 eV earlier: -Wavelength= (3*10^8 m/s)/(1.692*10^15 1/s) = 1.773*10^-7 meters -To convert the 1.773*10^-7 meters to nanometers: (1.773*10^-7 m)*(1 nm/(1*10^-9 m), which is 177.3 nanometers.

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Sounds like a typical general chemistry class. You have to read the chapter he is covering before the lectures.

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[@samd8100]

Here’s a good way to remember the spectrum: R- Reindeer M- Meat I- Is V- Very U- Unusual X- X-mas G- Gift

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[@dudedude9528]

i seem to get the answers correct but my exponents seem to be off someone help

[@fkncompton7124]

You were probably doing math with the exponents separately. Like simplifying 10^8/10^15 and getting 10^-7 and sticking it to the other division. You have to input the whole number into the calculator including the exponents part

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My understanding is that cosmic rays are really nuclei (mainly protons) being ejected from stars.

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[@factsnewskenya6777]

Finally i got it why they say infrared and ultraviolet

[@vvhappyhahavv4104]

At 2:13 wouldnt gamma rays have a longer wavelength since it increases going to the left? X rays has a shorter and higher one because it’s more to the left ?

[@jacobwhite7468]

nah bc gamma is more frequent and has more energy so it’s wavelength is shorter

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[@iDreamblitzPH]

The explanation is great; however, @7:58 the answer should be 5.42857*10^14. The rest of the calculations are messed up.

[@theoretically_true151]

Nope it’s not. The calculations presented in the video are correct as is.

[@LeoMindedSage]

great video thanks for the upload

[@antoniomarin8973]

Man you explain very well. Thanks for help. Do you have videos of radio waves?

[@tongmuli3747]

Who else enjoyed this lecture?

[@ceceliaceffafallah9486]

I did

[@גםפרימוסט]

Hey just want to say that your videos help a lot so thank you🙏 I have this question that I'm having trouble solving. I am given the total energy of NO, and they want me to find the wavelength of 5.0 mols of NO. What equation do I use?

[@godwinaizenofe8906]

If you was given the energy for NO assume it's the energy for one mole of NO, do therefore multiply the energy given by 5, and then use it in the formular E =hc/Y (Y representing lambda the symbol for wavelength)

[@p0intblAnkwaziT]

This might sound really stupid, if visible light's frequency is about 5 orders of magnitude greater than a microwaves frequency -- so it has more energy -- why does visible light not cook food but lesser energy waves do?

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Very helpful video. Visible is spelled wrong in the title.

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[@djragz1659]

aside from UV what are other EM waves that can turn into a high intensity narrow spectrum?

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Can you please do a video for black body radiation

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[@AnujKumar-rb7pm]

Sir I think u had forgotten the Indigo colout

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[@edwardlovelace6499]

Why leave out indgo why ROYGBV AND NOT AS IT IS ROYGBIV

[@thirstykoala6216]

Hello. I have a question unrelated to the video. If I have a very high electromagnetic frequency could it be block be a low frequency like a red laser? Thank you!!!

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please increase your audio in the video. it's very hard to listen to you without Turing the volume all the way up

[@aidanoneill3716]

You are forgetting indigo right?

[@nvm9182]

Thank you

[@30006736a]

Can someone explain how he got 10 to the 14th power Wouldn’t have been 10 to the 17th power since 8-(-9)=17 min 7:42

[@baguettewithcheese3880]

No because there is also 3/700 so actually (3*10^8)\(7*10^-7)

[@iactuallycantcook]

[copy pasting my answer from a diff comment I replied], cos, when u divide 3 by 700, u get 0.004286 and the solution then will be, 0.004286 times 10 raised to 17. but according to scientific notations, the number past the, 10 raised to any exponent [in this case, 0.004286] must be between 1 to 10, so we move the decimal point in 0.004286 3 places to the right, from 0 to the place in between 4 and 2, making it, 4.286 and hence lying between 1 and 10. since we moved the decimal point 3 places to the right, we're gonna subtract 3 from 17 which gives 14. and hence the answer is 4.286 times 10 raised to 14 [sorry for my English, not my native language]

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how do we put the notation the calculator (casio fx-82za plus), it either gives me zero or the wrong answer

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Do they all have the same speed?

[@joshuacupido4907]

Yes, if the light travels through a vacuum. If it passes through a prism/water it would change

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way above most folks.

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doesn't R have more energy than B?

[@TheOrganicChemistryTutor]

Blue light has more energy than red light. red light has a longer wavelength.

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[@hobocop7625]

indigo is also a visible light, its Roy G Biv

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He literally said that

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@@abbeybutte2669 yeah was kinda just writing the mnemotechnics i learned, literally

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what is a lenth?

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[@dudedude9528]

for the problem in 7:56 how did you get it to the 14th power i got the answer but not the exponenet

[@estefanycespedes8259]

Yea me too I have same issue

[@paidashalom7473]

same here

[@iactuallycantcook]

cos, when u divide 3 by 700, u get 0.004286 and the solution then will be, 0.004286 times 10 raised to 17. but according to scientific notations, the number past the, 10 raised to any exponent [in this case, 0.004286] must be between 1 to 10, so we move the decimal point in 0.004286 3 places to the right, from 0 to the place in between 4 and 2, making it, 4.286 and hence lying between 1 and 10. since we moved the decimal point 3 places to the right, we're gonna subtract 3 from 17 which gives 14. and hence the answer is 4.286 times 10 raised to 14 [sorry for my English, not my native language]

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I like all your videos but don't use the symbolisms

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This answered the question 2= is 5G safe too human or not? Do the Math?

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speed of light changes in a material based on what? I couldn't understand what you were saying. I think you need to speak a little louder. I can barely hear you. Otherwise, very helpful.

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He: roygbv Me: WHERE THE HECK IS INDIGO

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👍

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what did i just watch.

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Do you have a video going over Electromagnetic waves?

[@maddieh8973]

10:56

[@vishnuvinod4622]

how can i calculate energy of one mole of 0hotons of radiation whose frq is 5×10°14

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10:44

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I can't even hear your voice sir :< :

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Please help

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where is indigo ?

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He has no indigo!!!! XD

[@julieolistin1416]

why did you divide by 1.602 instead of multiplying it? 12:20

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Julie Olistin Go to 9:30 .

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Where would the cancer causing 5g millimeter wave sit on this scale?

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[@elizabethscott5103]

I'm really confused with this spectrum. my teacher gave me a scale but the different rays are backwards for example your scale starts RW but that is the last one on mine.

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Its the same. Just reversed bro...

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What was h at 6:01

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kaitlyn s plank’s constant

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[@basicconcepts5010]

Your units in your solution are not very clear, sir. This is a good video though.

[@faheemjd1704]

uuh if you ging to convert nm to metres its ideal to put it in standard form and 700 SURE look like STANDARD FORM!!!

[@joshuacupido4907]

Calm down

[@kittymowmow12]

everything will be calculated and put into standard form at the end so it's not a big deal. having 700x10^-9 just makes it simple to remember the conversion from nm-m without having to do more math sit down and take a chill pill dude

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