Electromagnetism - Magnetic Force: The Four Fundamental Forces of Physics

In this final segment on the four fundamental forces of physics, Hank tackles the magnetic force, the second of the two ways in which electromagnetism is apparent in the universe.
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References:
www.magnet.fsu.edu/mediacenter...
theory.uwinnipeg.ca/mod_tech/n...
www.magnet.fsu.edu/
www.explainthatstuff.com/magne...
Forces of Nature by P.C.W. Davies
Introduction to Elementary Particles by David Griffiths

[@pzever]

Dear Hank, congratulations on your show and your team! This series in particular is awesome, one of the best you produced. Kind Regards. Pietro

[@samovarmaker9673]

"You know what else is an electromagnet? You're living on one!" Lol I'm watching this from ISS

[@matthewgranstrom1579]

+New User ISS is a rotating hunk of metal in a magnetic field. That induces current, thus inducing magnetism in the ISS. Additionally, on ISS there are several modules, as you well know, and many of them contain various electromagnets for scientific purposes.

[@samovarmaker9673]

But is the ISS magnetic like the Earth with a north and south pole?

[@matthewgranstrom1579]

+New User all magnets have both poles

[@richtofensanchez8233]

Samovar maker send a pic

[@sobanahmed612]

I read that as ISIS! Lolz

[@Raze7888]

Do you have a hickey Hank? Go get em' ...

[@ethankendall9315]

hes married

[@manualLaborer]

My dad the adulterer was married... papa, why?? Why u make mamma cry and destroy our lives? Papa!

[@AutisticThinker]

A thought this by 1:07! :)

[@mv6879]

Hickey hank! Again

[@hobothor]

thats a cut from shaving

[@Pyrite777]

I learn so much from this show. You should do a show about the singularity.

[@oliverlovelltas]

Thanks Hank, loved this series! I'd like more info on how photons are the electromagnetic force carriers, and how this works. You talked about how gluons play a part in the strong interaction, and how W and Z bosons change quark colour in the weak interaction, could you do the same for photons? That would be amazing! Ollie.

[@samabizzle]

Man that was a roller-coaster ride.

[@electricmovement0779]

yes it was

[@shikhanshu]

lovely series on 4FFs... does not get any more comprehensive than this.. love scishow!

[@idunnoalaska5071]

Great video filled with info. Keep up the great work.

[@guilhermesouza3280]

As An electrical enginner, I find his videos very informative and funny. Videos like these would be very useful back when I was starting college, to backup all the concepts provided by the books. If you guys know where I can find similar content, maybe deeper in these scientific subjects, please let me know.

[@Dragrath1]

magnetism can be though of as a relativistic lorenz transformation of electrostatics (juts like what gravity in relativity does to length and time) in both cases when an object is stationary from the perspective of your reference frame the lorenz transformation term drops off which in the case of electromagnetism reduces the problem to electrostatics. Now when velocity is added their is a shift which is observed as magnetism. This is probably one of the most mind blowing things from my electromagnetism class for more information check Introduction to electrodynamics by David J. Griffiths chapter 12. Yes this is a textbook but a very good one pretty much the best E&M textbook according to pretty much any professor for undergraduate E&M, assuming a strong calculus background as E&M involves tons of integrals.

[@fortunne]

I have learned so much from watching SciShow. So much cool stuff. This is way better than school.

[@outsideaglass]

Hank just has the best energy, so excited about all the nerdy things that also excite me! I'm not the only one! Lol.

[@DerperDaDerpa]

Mastery! I freaking love this show, thanks for all the great stuff and being so entertaining with it.

[@jinxblau]

hi SciShow! Iv'e been studying a bit on electromagnetism and learned that a magnetic field is a phenomenon created when an electron accelerates in relativistic speeds. what i don't understand is how this creates a stationary magnetized object (aka a magnet) and i would love to see you make a video on that topic thanks for being awesome and rock on

[@mathmetics12345]

There is a video by veritasium that explains how stationary magnets work :D

[@Coolman-ww9vg]

It probably just has to do to overall realities charges and also in that both an electron and photon act as waves that have both (and positrons if we’re going in depth)

[@finanzalex]

Thank you for sharing the knowledge. Magnetic force always fascinated me.

[@tokyowanderer009]

FINALLY! I was waiting a whole week for Hank's last fundamental force video to show. 'Twas worth the wait.

[@TheCad135]

I feel like i just got my doctorate in physics! :D Sad that the effect will wear off in about 2 minutes...

[@BlueEyesWhiteTeddy]

The stuff that makes the whole world work.... Duct tape!!!

[@conchaman679]

FLEX TAPE is what makes the world work, don't ever let anyone tell you otherwise.

[@fahadhusain1985]

And you think there's no designer of this universe

[@marcusbiller867]

No, morons with stupid meme comments on KZbin videos.

[@JulissaPB]

Great series! I really enjoyed watching them. You should do a video on Maxwell's Equations.

[@jollycubing6996]

your videos are amazing really loved this one

[@FlipUpCoconutKing]

Everytime you mention the Earth's magnetic field, I tend to hug the floor. Thank you Earth's magnetic field

[@fahadhusain1985]

Thank God not material things

[@YugoScientiz]

Hello, SciShow team! Can you make subtitles/captions for this video? I am hearing disabled person and it would be great if you make it. Thank You! :D

[@gpaps7787]

+Dalibor Đumić thats the same thing with my brother. He usually uses captions to watch videos, but i just wrote it all down for him. SciSchow pls make subtitles/captions for this video.

[@moretdm9702]

Mentalibor turn them on by the CC botten dumass

[@frankdimeglio8216]

@@gpaps7787 THE ULTIMATE (AND CLEAR) MATHEMATICAL UNIFICATION (AND PROOF) REGARDING PHYSICS/PHYSICAL EXPERIENCE IS NOW DEMONSTRATED, AS E=MC2 IS F=MA: TIME DILATION ultimately proves (ON BALANCE) that E=mc2 IS F=ma, as ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is gravity. This NECESSARILY represents, INVOLVES, AND DESCRIBES what is possible/potential AND actual IN BALANCE. (Importantly, balance and completeness go hand in hand.) The stars AND PLANETS are POINTS in the night sky. NOW, A PHOTON may be placed at the center of WHAT IS THE SUN (as A POINT, of course); AS the reduction of SPACE is offset by (or BALANCED with) the speed of light (c); AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. Indeed, ultimately and truly, TIME is NECESSARILY possible/potential AND actual IN BALANCE; AS E=MC2 IS F=MA; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. Very importantly, outer "space" involves full inertia; AND it is fully invisible AND black. GREAT. Accordingly, INSTANTANEITY is thus FUNDAMENTAL to what is the FULL and proper UNDERSTANDING of physics/PHYSICAL EXPERIENCE; AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is gravity. It ALL CLEARLY makes perfect sense. Gravity IS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy. E=mc2 IS F=ma. ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. E=MC2 IS F=MA. GREAT !!! Gravity AND ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy are linked AND BALANCED opposites, AS E=mc2 is F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. Consider THE MAN who is standing on what is THE EARTH/GROUND. Touch AND feeling BLEND, AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. The stars AND PLANETS are POINTS in the night sky. GRAVITATIONAL force/ENERGY IS proportional to (or BALANCED with/as) inertia/INERTIAL RESISTANCE, AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. Gravity/acceleration involves BALANCED inertia/INERTIAL RESISTANCE, AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. Accordingly, the rotation of WHAT IS THE MOON matches it's revolution. Great. MOREOVER, a given PLANET (including what is THE EARTH) then sweeps out equal areas in equal times consistent WITH/AS F=ma, E=mc2, AND what is perpetual motion; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. Gravity IS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy. INSTANTANEITY is thus FUNDAMENTAL to what is the FULL and proper UNDERSTANDING of physics/physical experience, AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. This NECESSARILY represents, INVOLVES, AND DESCRIBES what is possible/potential AND actual IN BALANCE. Stellar clustering ALSO proves ON BALANCE that E=mc2 IS F=ma, AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is gravity. Objects (including WHAT IS the falling MAN) fall at the SAME RATE (neglecting air resistance, of course), as E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. "Mass"/energy is gravity. ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. E=mc2 IS F=ma. THE DOME of a PERSON'S EYE is ALSO VISIBLE. (Notice the flat AND black space of what is THE EYE.) The stars AND PLANETS are POINTS in the night sky. The sky is blue, AND the Earth is blue. THE EARTH/ground AND THE SUN are E=mc2 AND F=ma IN BALANCE, AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS UNIVERSALLY PROVEN TO BE GRAVITY in what is a mathematically unified fashion. E=mc2 IS F=ma. The middle distance in/of/AS SPACE AND the full distance in/of/AS SPACE are NECESSARILY linked AND balanced. MAGNIFICENT !!!!!!!!!! INSTANTANEITY IS thus FUNDAMENTAL to what is the FULL and proper UNDERSTANDING of physics/physical experience, AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. Gravity IS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy. It is ALL CLEARLY proven. Again, the stars AND PLANETS are POINTS in the night sky. GREAT. Energy has/involves GRAVITY, AND ENERGY has/involves inertia/INERTIAL RESISTANCE. GRAVITATIONAL force/ENERGY IS proportional to (or BALANCED with/as) inertia/INERTIAL RESISTANCE, AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. Gravity/acceleration involves BALANCED inertia/INERTIAL RESISTANCE, AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. It is all CLEARLY proven !!!!!!!! TIME is NECESSARILY possible/potential AND actual IN BALANCE, AS E=MC2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. Gravity IS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy. GREAT !!!!!!!! BALANCE and completeness go hand in hand. By Frank DiMeglio

[@aaaaaaaaaaaa9023]

There are now subtitles

[@PhoenixMaster123]

THANKS SO MUCH. It really helped clear up confusion between electromagnetic and static forces

[@calebd2513]

Thank you so much, I have 2 physics teachers for my AS level course and both are terrible. Your lessons are entertaining and educational! I Love You

[@TheJoHeWe]

Do a Great Minds about Lorentz, the nestor for Einstein

[@insylem]

Batteries are another exception to the way electricity is generated. They use a chemical reaction instead of magnetic induction.

[@electricmovement0779]

great info thanks human beings are organic batteries

[@SS-ww2qd]

Great series!

[@abhimanyau]

I love all your video thanks for good works.

[@regularguy8888]

nice hickey lucky girl love your show great job!

[@Adjuni]

I wonder what ancient pre-civilization tribes thought of magnets when they found them.

[@CBoy92]

Cool, thanks. Looks like that was exactly what I was looking for.

[@Pendulum1337]

Thanks hank. This was a very imformative video.

[@cheaterman49]

Nobody noticed how much she liked you :-P leaving visible marks on your throat hehe.

[@MrPhysicsRocks]

I'm a physics teacher and I would have loved to show this to my students, but don't think I should because of your conflating electric charge with magnetic poles. Also, your calling a permanent (fridge) magnet essentially an electromagnet is wrong. Most permanent magnets are created by applying a strong magnetic field across them, not running current through them. This is because materials that are ferromagnetic are not that way because of electric charge; it is a quantum effect (every electron is its own little magnet, see magnetic quantum number). (And yes there is an electromagnetic effect from the electron orbiting the nucleus, but it is small).

[@JanMichaelCruz1]

Pwned

[@shannonlaing9938]

Isn't that the point hes making though, that the sum of all the small electromagnetic forces of the electron-nucleus interaction that makes a permanent magnet is analogous to using a lot of small electromagnets to make one big one?

[@MrPhysicsRocks]

No - the electron itself is a magnet, it has nothing to do with the interaction with the nucleus

[@RandomNamedChannel]

bruce greenspan i

[@vishakasivamani7649]

yo ur a teacher this vid is for students man

[@Tabibito81]

I really liked how you explained how bosons actually acted as force carriers in the other videos. Might you be able to do an addendum to this one showing how photons actually act as force carriers?

[@lemonbune]

QED

[@kyleellison13]

Great video!

[@iComment87]

Reading the comment section on these videos gives me a headache.

[@marcusmcleod4048]

I have Know Idea What Just Happend???

[@Zoelis17]

Speak slowly!!

[@susantoohey5605]

Just go to "settings" (the little gear) and change the speed of the video.

[@OneManDreaming]

Susan Toohey you’re a God

[@bongle3726]

Talking quickly is his thing

[@JacobRy]

@@bongle3726 yeah it's kind of the point of the show ig. I get most things, and if i don't i can rewind

[@andrewlopez1580]

thank you scishow!!

[@swiftkck]

this was so helpful thank you

[@br1an419]

"Not being dead." :)

[@Raze7888]

do you have a hickey on your neck hank? That's a good thing! Just don't keep us guessing!

[@M_K-Bomb]

Amazing stuff, just wish I understood it all :D

[@cimachu]

Awesome, Thank you!!

[@thekillerhjkhjk]

Hank has a hickey

[@asshole69]

Damn, he was just baby back then, huh.

[@bavv12]

yes dude, you should put subtitles!, any way those videos are really helpful, I´m watching from Colombia, and there are not many physics videos on Spanish

[@MattacksRC]

great channel! :D

[@ElevatorLink]

Is that a Hicky on Hanks Neck?

[@Icedpyro21]

if you can make magnets with electricity can you make electricity with magnets??

[@Mandragara]

Yes, it's called a generator.

[@Icedpyro21]

i realize that the statement i made is really poorly worded and thats not really what i ment

[@albusdumbledore8723]

What did you mean?? That is how all the power you are using is generated! Faraday discovered that running a magnet through a magnetic field produces an electric current. Coal/Nuclear/Natural Gas etc. Power plants generate steam and turn a turbine, and power a generator that pushes magnets through magnetic fields, generating electric current. Not trying to patronize, just clarifying your silly question.

[@Icedpyro21]

i ment using magnets to spin the magnet that's inside the coil.

[@albusdumbledore8723]

how is that a different phenomenon?

[@LukaLightBringer]

Thanks so much for making this I've always wondered how mechanical energy was converted into electricity but I've never cared to spend several hours trying to find out, it seems a bit obvious now :)

[@Fenrisson]

Just love this guy!

[@Jordan2Rutledge]

are we gonna ignore the hickey on his neck?

[@anidnmeno]

nothing wrong with a little... Hanky panky

[@magictrickdev]

Anidn Menoscwicz ... that hurt me.

[@Paprikaa81]

He just got burnt by the hair straightener Oh wait.....

[@aishasheikh3325]

Wow! kid your just like me LOL

[@haydenfoley6102]

MY MAN IS A PLAYER!!!!!!!

[@SnowSniper98]

For far to long I have been oblivious to the existence of scishow. No further! I have become addicted.

[@Streetpartymarty]

Could you please arrange all the 4FF episodes into a playlist? That would be awesome. Thanks.

[@MaxxTheMerciless]

The Earth's electromagnetism needs its own show. Really; it's awesome. I could do a whole video on it.

[@draconicsorcerer]

Will you be doing an episode on the electro-weak interaction? I'm really curious about it.

[@Aderon]

awesome comeback

[@TnmExplosives]

Love the show, love the content, but especially love the presentation of it all Hank, please keep making awesome videos

[@sKACwebo]

Yay for new video~ more learning~ yes.

[@girishtiwari4785]

wow thanks scishow :D

[@jeonjk5763]

I forgot to watch other videos 😅 Imma check 'em out!

[@aniketeuler6443]

An interesting way to share information 😀😀😀

[@janesfox46]

thank you so much!

[@izekielsboredtv]

You had me seriously interested when you said this episode would explain magnets.

[@loulyaalove1808]

Good job ❤❤❤

[@neri14]

Had it actually on physics at university, but its still fun to watch :)

[@DragonNoirification]

Could you do an episode on the attempt to unify the forces into the Grand Unified Theory? I think it would be a great extension of the 4FF series.

[@mewsicman9541]

I'm gonna say it once again. Physics is incredibly beautiful!!!

[@pball1000]

you should more videos like these. more often ,and more indepth

[@gates10611]

Amazing show, i have a question about which direction lightning travels. From the clouds to the ground or from the ground to the clouds ?

[@BansheeRush]

Immediate upvote for you. It's 4:17 AM and I've been watching these videos since 10 PM or so.

[@KaritKtana]

yes! then i could understand the relations of the forces to light/radiation.. and maybe do an episode on the photoelectric effect too?

[@borbo23]

I favorited this whole series to show to my cousins to help explain these forces to them. :D

[@YoutubeConnoisseur]

I felt accomplished knowing that I completed watching this series :D

[@RightClickGamers]

I want anything with "Quantum" in it now. Its so interesting.

[@TheGreenZubat]

They really need to do another video explaining the relationship between light & electromagnetism, specifically how photos are the force carrier for EM (and hence how light is electromagnetic radiation).

[@grumyoseph]

you best,,, thanks man!

[@Aresftfun]

Thanks!

[@himanshusingh-er7dd]

You literally splited my utter chapter in just 3 minutes

[@deeseminol5429]

Big Sub

[@suman5890]

please make videos on basic electronics-semiconductore,diodes,etc

[@DownThereForDancing]

Hank, I've recently read and seen a lot of stuff about Richard Feynman and his work, particularly on quantum electrodynamics. Will you be doing a show on QED? I'm wondering - how far have we come from QED? Do we have a deeper understanding of electromagnetism or is QED still our best explanation?

[@oisingor]

holy shit adam your comment is on the front page of scishow!!!!! and all this came from us trolling one day, im so proud of you

[@Abion47]

This sounds like a personal or regional preference rather than a conventional one, since I was always taught to refer to the magnetic poles as the positive and negative ends. Plus he was likely using + and - rather than north and south to help illustrate the fact that electrostatic fields and magnetic fields are fundamentally the same thing.

[@Tunatunatun]

A magnetic field can be described as invisible lines flowing out from the north pole and turning back and into the south pole, in the smoothest way they can but not too far. In a magnet [N-S], when opposite poles meet: [N-S][N-S], lines flowing from the inner north go directly into the inner south, smoothing the field around, and lines from the outer north go around a bigger, smoother pattern into the outer south. As each magnet by itself has a sharper path, they 'fall' together with some force.

[@MortRotu]

Please do awesome vids on awesome space phenomena like the solar wind, solar flares, the Kupier belt and Orrt cloud and why we wouldn't be here if it wasn't for Jupiter :) (apologies for spellings)

[@noahzaeshorts1402]

You shoud do an episode on the Telsa coil and how it works

[@TheWyrdSmythe]

Magnetism turns out to be based on electron spin, so those refrigerator magnets are a visible instance of quantum physics. I've always thought that was kinda cool. You don't normally see quantum effects in daily life. :) Good series!

[@CBoy92]

Question: What is the single most basic thing that we know of? Is it an electron for being the smallest of the main parts of an atom? A quark for being the composite parts of the two biggest parts of an atom? The 4FF for holding everything together? This is not about importance, it is about what makes the base code of the universe.

[@SeaHorseOo]

Thanks that explains to me a bit of how turbines works. But where does the actual energy comes from?. How relevant is the speed of rotation of the wires in the magnetic field? And is it turning inside a human made field from magnetic material or is it just using earth's field?

[@jinglewig1]

Can you do an episode about the discovery of superhigh-speed data transfer with twisted light beams? Because that's awesome! Photons FTW!

[@kirbuu]

Leaving this question in this video and gravitation. what about kinetic force? is that considered an aspect of gravity or is the exchange of potential energy between particle enough to qualify it as a part of the electromagnetic spectrum?

[@kariskir1]

Would you please do a video on piezoelectric effect?

[@landrecce]

Absolutely awesome intro video for a rookie wizard like me!

[@LootFragg]

This looks so much better. Forces don't wear out. Every object in your living room applies a force onto the ground it stands on, so do you. Even when you're not doing a thing. But that is not finite, so they won't start floating at some point. Work is finite as it's an equivalent to energy. Force doesn't exactly run out, it just is, spoken simplistically. Now I understand what you mean by "infinite force". Yes, those fundamental forces always were and always will be. They make everything.

[@MarcMethotisAwesome]

sweet Winnipeg in the references, my hometown!

[@itsMinuteMaid]

String theory suggests that the entire universe is comprised of infinitesimally small and perhaps infinitely long strings. These strings are believed to vibrate and the points at which the vibrations happen is what is perceived as physical objects. So in this theory there is no isolated objects or particles or anything. Everything we observe is actually just a point on these strings that is vibrating. Like observing the sound or physical motions of one part of a guitar string.

[@prachidubey6854]

Thank God I found your channel just before the day of my science exam 😅😅

[@santiagoinfantino2368]

Where are the names of the books? I can't find them Ps: Your show is awesome, thank you for submitting these videos :)