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The Corvus monedula, commonly known as the jackdaw, is a small member of the crow family, Corvidae. Jackdaws are widely distributed throughout Europe, Asia, and North Africa, and are also found in parts of the Middle East. They typically inhabit woodland areas, although they can also be found in urban environments.
Jackdaws have distinctive greyish-black plumage and a distinctive silvery sheen to their feathers. They have a short tail and a prominent bill, which is black and quite pointed. Their wingspan is typically around 40cm, and they weigh around 150-250g.
Jackdaws have a distinctive, chattering call, which is a repeated "chak-chak-chak" sound. They also have a range of other calls, including a high-pitched "whistling" sound and a more melodious "squeaky gate" call. They are also known to imitate other birds and even some human sounds.
In terms of behaviour, jackdaws are social birds and often form large flocks. They are opportunistic feeders and will eat a wide variety of food, including insects, seeds, and even small mammals. They are also known to be scavengers and will eat carrion and waste food.
Jackdaws are known for their intelligence and problem-solving abilities. They have been observed using tools, such as sticks, to access food sources, and have also been observed working together to achieve a goal. They are also known to be curious and have been observed investigating new objects and environments.
In terms of reproduction, jackdaws typically nest in holes in trees, buildings, or cliffs. They form monogamous pairs, and both parents are involved in caring for the young. The female typically lays 3-6 eggs, and the young are cared for in the nest for around 4-5 weeks before fledging.
In summary, the Corvus monedula jackdaw is a distinctive member of the crow family, with distinctive greyish-black plumage, a chattering call, and a range of interesting behaviours, including problem-solving and tool use. They are social birds, opportunistic feeders, and typically nest in holes in trees, buildings, or cliffs.