What Happened After The Bronze Age Collapse?

[@EpimetheusHistory]

Additional info some might find interesting: Although the Arameans emerged from arid Southern Syria (in a similar manner as the earlier Amorites, taking advantage of a power vacuum) it is debated whether or not they were originally from there, with some believing they came from the Zagros mountains to Syria, before reentering Mesopotamia. Others believe they were related to the Amorites, essentially they were the Amorites that stayed behind. There is also some debate if Ahlamu(also from the same region) is a synonym for Aramean or if it was a more broad generic term for the nomads, outlaws and ruffians of the region. (example the Suteans Chaldean and Arameans may have all been considered Alamu) It is also interesting that many fugitives from authority in previous centuries found refuge in the frontier Alamu regions of the south. All of that more or less got cut out of the video, and I thought some of you would find interesting.

[@jozz2248]

Love this coverage of the lesser known/covered histories. 👍

[@curiousworld7912]

@@jozz2248 So do I. I always look forward to these videos, as I find the history of these ancient times and peoples so fascinating - from the Neolithic to the Iron Age, and on. I always learn something new about lesser-known peoples, as well, and the changes they effected, and how this area of the world evolved over time. In short - I love this channel. :)

[@charlesschwaboverhere5582]

I would listen to much longer presentations. Great work.

[@NTLuck]

I read somewhere that the Arabs originated somewhere in the Levant and it is theorized that they are either descendants of or an of shoot of the Arameans. The Arabic language itself while semetic has many roots in Phoenician as well as ancient Aramic

[@_robustus_]

Epimetheus Are the depictions of non-egyptians using the kopesh supported by archaeology? Even if not it’s a damn cool weapon.

[@mixererunio1757]

RPG in quasi-post-apocalypse after Bronze Age Collapse is all I would ever want.

[@frenchguitarguy1091]

Or a total war survival

[@LudwigMeckland]

So I was not the only one to think about it for like half the video X)

[@nikolaibaughman8828]

I've been part of a DnD group who did something smiliar. It was good stuff.

[@georgeptolemy7260]

Eh the gameplay style would probably end up being no guns fallout 4. Building up your shit,going around killing and stealing shit, rinse repeat

[@lowbro7202]

@WebWarrior1.0 Age of decadence is awesome.

[@razorbird789]

This would make a fantastic Total War setting.

[@EpimetheusHistory]

It would. Too bad the Troy total war they are adding magic and heroic elements that are not realistic :( But one day a Total War: Bronze Age would be so super awesome!

[@razorbird789]

@@EpimetheusHistory the issue with Troy is that it's half and half. They should have fully committed to the mythology or made it historic. Bronze Age: Total war and Victoria: Total War are all I want now.

[@EpimetheusHistory]

@John Nolan Agreed...Come to think of it I really enjoyed playing Age of Mythology back in the day as a kid.

[@razorbird789]

@@EpimetheusHistory It could have been a bit like Warhammer Total war but with recognised mythology. Shame.

[@ComfortingColourlessLight]

How different would the unit rosters be?

[@cagrbertugkymaz7369]

I live in turkey if you visit certain archeological sites and look closely at layers You can literally see they even forget how to make proper stone/brick houses turned back into mud huts :D

[@EpimetheusHistory]

I love seeing multiple building layers is very cool and interesting

[@NoNoseProduction]

Probably aren't forgetting but do not need.

[@dylans3833]

@@NoNoseProduction Or don't have access to the right materials anymore

[@andresolmos8639]

@@dylans3833 yeah, probably due to the interruption of trade

[@thugyheadbanger]

@@EpimetheusHistory Mejiddo is basically a human made hill of towns built on top of each other 😅

[@TheLordboki]

I like the Dorian slave revolt theory. It makes sense. Spartans had a deeply ingrained fear of slave revolts in their social psyche. If their civilization rose as part of a slave revolution, it's only natural a fear of counter-revolution would form.

[@sephikong8323]

Slaves in Sparta : "You were supposed to destroy the slavers not join them"

[@firecracker739]

Plants or Zombies My history prof once said that the new power who replaced the previous power usually become the same (as in oppressed become oppressor I think). I think Marx’s dialectic is similar to that too. I’m sorry if it confusing because I try to translate and explain from my language.

[@SinaelDOverom]

Slaves rarely wish for freedom. What they often truly desire is to become masters over other slaves.

[@warface4881]

@Plants or Zombies it was a learned behavior

[@warface4881]

@@xunqianbaidu6917 aren't we all just glorified slaves? All governments fear that one day their "slaves" will one day rise up.

[@blitzwaffe]

Meanwhile on the History Channel: ALIENS

[@msb8792]

😂 and politically correct shows and TV series with absolutely zero historical accuracy

[@Potatotenkopf]

Those bastards lied to me.

[@bigdurk4115]

@@msb8792 like what for example, I dont watch much television.

[@msb8792]

Big Durk the “Vikings” show

[@msb8792]

King George V yep

[@abthedragon4921]

The Bronze Age Collapse, a vital lesson in human history everyone must remember. No matter how strong a civilization is, it's foundations can always fail.

[@Bozhidar2000]

If anything, modern civilization can collapse more easily than past civilizations since we are really dependant on industrial scale technologies with complex international logistics.

[@sirpatrick549]

@@Bozhidar2000 Who would win? The greatest civilizations known to man, or some organized luddites?

[@ronjayrose9706]

@@sirpatrick549 hentai

[@HEagle72]

@@sirpatrick549 the ancients would make us look like even more complete dopes than we currently do. The people who figured out the stars/astronomy with no modern technology vs the group of humans that protests city hall with guns because they think a wearing a mask during a pandemic is oppression? Yeah, it'd be like watching someone lose at chess in the fastest way possible, while blindfolded.

[@baltulielkungsgunarsmiezis9714]

@@Bozhidar2000 Modern civilization is harder to colapse as it has far more surplus hence can aford to lose far more. The think about modern civilization is that if it colapses its gona be a global thing.

[@MegaTang1234]

I find it cool 40% of major myths and legends herald from this time period.

[@garethbaus5471]

The older mythology was probably greatly modified or discarded because this collapse showed that those old beliefs didn't work and new mythology probably formed to fill the vacuum.

[@wu1ming9shi]

@@garethbaus5471 Also people in need = more stories about heroes and bravery. I have no prove of this but it seems like that to me.

[@DaDoubleDee]

@@garethbaus5471 well a lot of the knowledge was lost, when the cities collapsed writing was forgotten for a time and I doubt people not knowing what a book is will keep it around for safe keeping

[@GooseGumlizzard]

also all the music modes

[@ardd.c.8113]

@@DaDoubleDee books? Clay tablets, hieroglyphics etc you mean. By the way most knowledge was orally transmitted in those days. Homer was a rapper, rhapsody, who remembered the words through a system of rhyming sentences and repeating phrases. Later on people codified these stories on long scrolls for convenience and conservation purposes. The bibble has been edited from all kinds of oral variations of the same myths. People went to war over interpretations of holy text. Imagine the struggle of the priests who had to make a definitive coherent story out of all those oral traditions. One error could get you killed. Even the Koran was originally recited from memory instead of written down and read and that was a 1000 years after Homer came along. My point is nobody but a select group of elites could read and it was way more convenient to make up story bits than to codify it because then your words can be weighted according the facts and thats something you can do without if you got all the riches in the world.

[@lo-fichill9632]

Learning history this way, by era rather than by individual regions or cultures, is so much more engaging and makes so much more sense contextually. You should do follow-up videos to continue summarizing the iron age. I could watch this content forever

[@Dwemerologist]

I would love this.

[@Robespierre-lI]

Frankly, you should be learning about it in both ways simultaneously. This is timeline work. It's important to help better understand how everything lines up chronologically and can be periodized. But if you don't do the other work, you miss everything that makes history worth knowing.

[@godspeedbabylon1663]

This is one of the most underrated periods in all of human history. If only the history channel focused on this more than aliens or whatever, but that's where the cash is I guess...

[@AbbeyRoadkill1]

Yeah, a real documentary on this period of history would be lucky to get a 0.2 Nielsen rating. Total eggheads like me and you would be watching, but nobody else would.

[@counterflow5719]

Short term profits = aliens Long term growing faithful base of viewers = bronze age collapse.

[@mindseven7217]

I remember all the history channel showed was WW2

[@paokarasre]

Unfortunately, we have few to no texts surviving from this period due to the total collapse of the bronze age kingdoms and empires. That's why the causes of the collapse are in the end more speculative than definitive and the names and cultures of these peoples are hardly known today :(

[@whorror_punx]

@@mindseven7217 That was a big thing. So much so that they gave it its own channel, The Military Channel, allowing them to air more fluffy bullshit like Ancient Aliens, Monster Quest, etc. Idek if Monster Quest is on History, but you get the idea lol

[@grungeguy97]

Late Bronze Age Mediterranean: Why do I hear boss music? * ENTER THE ~ Š Ë Å P Ę Ø P Ł Ė ~ *

[@NwoDispatcher]

Sea mites

[@dracodeanglicus3857]

*IT’S THE PERSIAN EMPIIIIRE~*

[@J-IFWBR]

@@dracodeanglicus3857 Persian Empire came way later around 500BC when Kyros the Great took Babylon and dethroned the last babylonian king Nabunaid

[@enchainedprometheus]

That was so GOOD! I'm really hate that in History classes allways cleared out Bronze Age with 2-3 sentences. That was a Bronze Age. There were Mycene, Babylon, Hititte Empire and Assyria. Bronze Age was also the cradle of the first great civilisation, and I just not know anything about it... So with this vid you hooked me up. Liked and Subscribed. Cheers!

[@SpazzyMcGee1337]

It's better than my education of Chinese history. I leaned about the Boxer Rebellion and that's it.

[@TY-km8hj]

@@SpazzyMcGee1337 out of all the topics u could learn and they only taught u that?? That like teaching "british history" and then just going over Queen Elizabeth 1st skincare routine

[@SpazzyMcGee1337]

@@TY-km8hj The Boxer Rebellion is the only significant pre-WW2 interaction the USA had with China.

[@ChevyChase301]

Seems like you are presenting it like ancient fallout

[@EpimetheusHistory]

Fallout:The Bronze age would be awesome!

[@timmccarthy872]

@@EpimetheusHistory You need to draw one of these bronze age dudes as Vault Boy. "War... war never changes. Only weapons are new [Vault Boy discards bronze spear tip for iron]."

[@hedgehog3180]

**Fallout theme but on a lyre**

[@arami187]

"I don't want to set the Woooooorld on Fireeeeeeee..."

[@geordiejones5618]

A lot of apocalypse stories today seem directly influenced by the horror of this period

[@gutar5675]

It's interesting how singularly important Euboea appears to be for the history of greece, yet I have never heard of the Euboeans

[@EpimetheusHistory]

They declined as the mainland became prosperous again. Yeah, they typically don't get much credit because they were an almost non factor in the earlier Mycenaean times and later classical Greece.

[@demeterruinedmylife3199]

I remember reading wiki said that they became a backwater after Lelantine War.

[@EpimetheusHistory]

@Demeter ruined my life You are right. That put the nail in the coffin. But I think that only sped up their demise. States like Corinth were already eating into their business, and they were not strong enough to remain dominant with so many other formidable states rising. If that war did not happen they still may have remained a major player...so again true, the infighting (Lelantine War) turned them into a backwater...maybe it would have happened anyways, maybe not IDK But the decline definitely started earlier. If both cities united politically they could have perhaps been a major power...never know

[@thanosroussos4179]

@@EpimetheusHistory The Euboeans were the ones that gave the greek alphabet to the Latins. Their decline was caused by a huge conflict between the two larger cities, Chalkis and Eretria. They were fighting for the control of a large valey, the valey of river Lilas, and they were both destroyed after the war never to rise again(8th century). I happen to be from Euboea btw.

[@Hypernefelos]

I find the Lelantine War frustrating. It was close enough to the time when Greeks started writing proper history that we know its broad outline and how important it was considered, but far enough that we don't know its details like we do for the Persian Wars or later conflicts.

[@MrVlad12340]

“Bronze Age collapses” Assyrians: So, i started blasting.

[@JamesJJSMilton]

You know the Assyrians did great things when they're still around today.

[@dracodeanglicus3857]

_Now the Phoenicians can get down to business~_

[@אוהדאריאליופה]

@@JamesJJSMilton jews as well

[@assyrianking6929]

I'm Assyrian😂😂😂

[@dracodeanglicus3857]

@@JamesJJSMilton but they aren’t? 🤔

[@rohanr.9714]

so basically , it was a pillaging free for-all of the former empires.

[@serenemountain6769]

Well it was more like this ... The Sea peoples are a confederation of Nations of the Mediterranean and the Black Sea that banned together under the Cunning Plan of the Phoenicians of Tyre , to destroy the Hittites and the Egyptians... But... This happened after the Civil War in the Mycenae Empire that were allies of the Hittites, the famine helped it achieve its climax, the remaining parties of that Civil war would eventually gather around the Phoenician Plan of Invasion. if we sneak peak into the bible, the period this is all happening is during Joseph of Egypt Agem during that 10 year Horrible Drought !

[@pejsacek]

@Thelondonbadger Might is right

[@paradoxward2533]

once our species hit puberty..., our lust ran wild...., only the threat of nuclear annihilation has managed to curb it......, but that will not last.

[@Hopeofmen]

With all the turmoil in the world, it's good to see that history does indeed repeat itself. Nothing is forever, and our civilizations are like the flowers of the field: here today, gone tomorrow.

[@LilGamingYes]

The main difference between then and now is today Countries are less likely to military occupation, wars still happen but land is rarely seized in peace deals. However countries now are more prone to financial collapse, or at least it is a bigger possibility since war subjugation is nearly nonexistent.

[@hedgehog3180]

@@LilGamingYes Well I mean right now that is true but historically speaking it hasn't been the case for very long. Like we're talking less than 100 years where wars of conquest have generally been rare and instead economic and diplomatic influence has meant more. But 100 years relative to all of history is really more like a slight hiccup, many areas have before had similar periods of relative stability before and we don't think of them as a break with how war used to be waged but rather just a small period of peace. And our current world order probably only exists because the entire world is dominated by a few super powers compared to earlier periods where you had many great powers. Wars of conquest right now don't really happen because everyone is allied to some super power or under their protection and said super powers prefer to wield their power indirectly through economic and diplomatic pressure and covert ops like coups.

[@DaDoubleDee]

@@hedgehog3180 I think that there is simply too much at stake currently, with the rise of nuclear weapons and what with a lot of countries holding them, it really changes how leaders approach the fire button. Or maybe there will be a war between the super powers and then it'll be one super power, and then it'll collapse as we've seen in this video and it'll be another warring state on a large stage who knows, let's enjoy the peace time :)

[@Impaled_Onion-thatsmine]

We just cancelled history in 2019

[@Horne_Baka]

Yes yet i remain, bound to the earth, never to rest, always to journey through the rise and fall of civilizations

[@GermanOlle]

I love the Bronze Age! But as gamer, I'm sad that we got too few video games with a Bronze age setting. For all gamers (like me), who are disapointed of "Troy Total War": There is an interessting indie videogame (for PC) called "Neolithic - First City States". You're building your city: from a small cluster of huts to a mighty city-state, manage your settlers needs, expand your influence around the world etc. The time period is the Neolithic to the Bronze Age Collaps. It's a mix from different games genres: City building like the old Impression Games (Caesar 3 or Pharao); a giant open Worldmap and a survival system like in Rimworld; and a military part like in Age of Empires or Stronghold. :)

[@artasme4758]

This game is not even released yet lol.

[@GermanOlle]

@@artasme4758 Nope, but the dev is very active on Discord; Backers from Kickstarter could play a demo of the game, etc. ;) "Sumerians" will release on 2th Dezember as EA. Link: store.steampowered.com/app/1079510/Sumerians/

[@evvymercari8456]

What disappointed you about Troy?

[@MedjayofFaiyum]

How about the new update to Pharaoh

[@AlexanderClovis]

They should make a total war based on this age. 'Bronze Age: Total war'

[@EpimetheusHistory]

They should, that would be awesome

[@BobbyB1928]

They already did but just as a mod.

[@acharonim4659]

The new troy total war is the closet thing we're getting to them doing anything bronze age.

[@AlexanderClovis]

Douglas Godinich The mod doesn’t have campaign though.

[@AlexanderClovis]

Acharonim 144 Indeed. I’m pretty excited about it tbh and thank god it’s free I’m not a fan of wasting money on video games.

[@yiannisspanos7468]

Proud Chalcidean/Euboean! Nice to realize that the underestimated history of the island is getting more widely known. Unfortunately Euboea peaked in the Dark Ages. The Lelantian War between Chalcis and Eretria, the 2 major powers of the island, proved destructive for both and in the following centuries they were overshadowed by other ancient Greek city-states in the vicinity, like Athens and Thebes.

[@RocketHarry865]

Yet forgotten the Luwians of Western Anatolia who may have been the ones who destroyed the Hittites during the Bronze Age collapse and the Trojan War may actually have been the Mycenaean launching preemptive strike against the upstart confederation in seizing the waterways to the Black sea

[@achaeanmapping4408]

Epimetheus: their policy of "If I canʻt have nice things ill burn it down so you canʻt have it either" I assume thats the official term

[@qus.9617]

*When le king is defeated* Screw you guys! *Proceeds to burn down his palace and kill everyone inside* Cries in future archeologist

[@renaissance17]

Democrat cities in america

[@NwoDispatcher]

Black Lives Matter

[@Rocinante2300]

10:33 confirmation that Egypt was a Chaos Cult

[@trazyianajones456]

Chaos ...

[@ulharr]

Glad I'm not the only one that caught that

[@abdallah..yasser]

what chaos

[@jaffacalling53]

The Bronze Age Collapse sounds like the Age of Strife in 40k

[@axwi1957]

@@abdallah..yasser an evil group (s) of faction from the lore of Warhammer 40 k that are from another realm that they come from the warp . They live war, slavery and are enemy of everyone . Check horos heresy or fall of cadia

[@tommy-er6hh]

Note: post collapse, Greece went thru 50 yr period of droughts, which may be another reason no one there was writing. But many of the towns of Greece survived, most of those towns mentioned in the Iliad or other writings about the pre-collapse Mycenaeans are still there today. Note 2: Lydians from the Post collapse are also thought to have settled late in Italy, the Etruscan society that was so different from the Italics like Rome.

[@paulmayson3129]

On the other hand, the Etruscans had nothing to do with the Romans and did not lead to their creation. It was actually the Greeks who did that, if we belive the Roman historians and annalists

[@hedgehog3180]

Well weren't the Latins new comers in Italy? The Etruscans spoke a Semitic language but the Latins spoke an Indo-European one.

[@hedgehog3180]

@@paulmayson3129 We probably shouldn't believe Roman historians on this though, especially since we can actually trace the creation of this myth as being mainly created to justify the empire. The Greeks and Romans did speak related languages as they were both Indo-European and shared similar cultures compared to the Etruscans but it's also clear that the Romans got a lot of things from the Etruscans, like Aquaducts, pizza(like food) and their early army composition.

[@paulmayson3129]

@@hedgehog3180 I am not referring to the historical tradition of the migration of Aeneas and some Trojans who were following him, from Asia Minor to Latium. Even if this story is true, it is not about the origins of the Romans, but the ancesty of Romulus. Why? Because Aeneas joins the Italians of Central Italy, who were named the Latins from King Latinus. Aeneas merely married into the Latins' royalty and his Trojans merged into the larger Latin population. Thus these Latins already existed, even in the myths of Virgil's Aeneid. According to Roman and Greek historians and annalists, the Romans were Greek from two sides. One because the Latins were Greeks, descended from the Italian Oenotrians, who were Arcadian Greeks, and because the Sabines were Greeks, descending from Laconia and merged with Umbrians. So as the original populace of Rome was from Sabines and Latines, then the Romans were originally Greeks.

[@tommy-er6hh]

@@hedgehog3180: Romans were a subgroup of nomadic indo-european Latin tribes who came from the Ukraine or steppes originally: like the Celts, the Hittites, the Norse-Germanic, the Medo-Persians, and the Vedic Indians did. The rural nomadic Latins came to Italy quite a bit before the Etruscans, and indeed the citified Etruscans merged with/or conquered the rural Latins in the area of Tuscany (why the DNA is mixed) and later Rome (when that city was built by the local Latin tribe): that is why the kings of Rome were Etruscan (as well as some of the senate families) for a while - at least by legend. Summary: it was neolithics overrun by Latins overrun by Etruscans eventually conquered by the Latin Romans.

[@GeorgeAshuraya]

Out of all those empires from the Bronze Age collapse, only two survived from their namesake; Assyrians and Egyptians while everyone else either perished through obscurity or assimilated to the point where we don’t have any records of what happened to them. Assyrians and Egyptians today are the descendants of their ancestors, but only one of them kept their lands from being occupied from usurpers that didn’t belong there - guess which one?

[@SirBoggins]

ASSYRIANS!

[@nx3696]

Modern day Arabs are the ancient Assyrians. There's even a country called Syria

[@samiamrg7]

It’s interesting that the Pheonecians had a golden age despite being located smack in the middle of a region that was otherwise in complete chaos and embroiled in conflict.

[@SGBD8933]

Thats because they are the "Sea people's" that were raiding everybody.

[@JaysonTheStumps]

That, sir, is quite possibly the most succinct overview of the post-Bronze Age Collapse I have ever come across. One normally has to sift through multiple texts to piece all of that information together, and you just whipped through about $1,000 to $2,000 worth of anthropological texts like a duck wading through water. Very, very well done, sir. Very well done! I am now subscribed!

[@sheehantkhan]

Fall of Babylon -> Bronze Dark Ages Fall of Rome -> European Dark Ages Fall of Ottoman -> Middle Eastern Dark Ages (current)

[@geordiejones5618]

If the United States fell would the Americas become a free for all? Theres a lot of paramilitary units in the US, Mexico and most of Latin America who would thrive.

[@bindukopparapu2795]

@@geordiejones5618 I doubt it. The United Nations would intervene because the U.S. is a major economic center and produces a lot of food. A collapsing U.S. could set off a global recession so the world would probably intervene to minimize damage.

[@geordiejones5618]

@@bindukopparapu2795 thats much easier said than done. Between the US military and the guns in this country, any occupying force even one thats doing the right thing would have to contend with two continents where murder can be sport.

[@MovieForUMyPal]

true,

[@MovieForUMyPal]

@Pulakeshin II ottoman capital is the biggest city in europe for 300 years its not dark ages

[@LuisBrito-ly1ko]

Foundation of Rome: 753 BC Neo-Assyrian Empire: Existed until 609 BC. That puts some perspective.

[@MBM1117727]

Oh yeah Rome isn't even old. As far as Ancient civilisations go it was the new kid on the block.

[@x999uuu1]

Thats romes official founding date, but it was probably settled and lived in since about 950-1000BC in actuality. Kind of like how although thr bible speaks of a unified israel in the midst of the collapse, in reality it was probably always Judah and Israel as seperate states

[@michaelrenper796]

@@x999uuu1 Most likely there were even more smaller states in Canaan. There is little archaeological evidence for centralized authority before the Neo-Assyrians Empire arrived ~750BCE. My favorite theory is that the pretty much all events in the Bible pre 800BCE are mythology create during or shortly after the Babylonian Exile.

[@JiveCinema]

Wow, so that's why Jesus spoke Aramaic. Another great episode, Epimetheus!

[@michaelrenper796]

... and a few words of Greek and Hebrew.

[@niallreid7664]

@@michaelrenper796 Mostly the swear words

[@auraguard0212]

Assyria: "Fuck Bronze!" Everyone else in Mesopotamia: _explodes_

[@GRBoi1993]

This is such a barely spoken of era! Great job :) I’d love to see a video on the Greek archaic period next!

[@EpimetheusHistory]

Great suggestion! Glad you liked it Chris

[@makky6239]

Definitely i would really like to know more able this period

[@Strawberryknight]

Barely spoken? There were so many great battles and histories during the Bronze Age.

[@histguy101]

@@Strawberryknight The period of 1100-800, or 1200-800, is a literal gap in the historical and archeological record as pertaining to Greece, Asia Minor, and Syria. Almost nothing is known.

[@Vanic00]

Your Bronze Age videos really are some of the best out there on the topic. You give a clear, and very organized dialogue that is easy to follow. Personally my hope is your next bronze age video will be about an over all break down of their armies, like your Egypt and Assyrian ones, and some battles/wars. It would be interesting to see how warfare was conducted back then.

[@OrthoKarter]

i totally agree

[@starwars90001]

Fallout: Bronze Age, has good ring to it.

[@titansjojo1445]

War. War never changes.

[@topsmug3409]

"Only this time, the spoils of war were he same resources used to fight it; copper and tin!"

[@arami187]

Why not?? 🤷🏻‍♂️

[@yungchangsta]

Bruh imagine a game of Fallout 1000 years after the nukes dropped, and they restart history and discover resources

[@Yo_Soy_Pirok]

@@titansjojo1445 yeeeeeeeeeees

[@DrumApe]

I just realised that Dorian, Lydian and Phrygian are the names of three of the 8 modes in music scales. This is all very interesting, considering this period predates the Pythagorean Pentatonic scale. Awesome video, thanks!

[@john.premose]

That's because they were derived from classical Greece.

[@JH-ty5wc]

loved the video. The maps and editing were extremely well done and your voice over was very professional and engaging. I just wanted to say it might be a good idea to put a current year counter maybe in the bottom corner of the video! There is so much information being presented it might be helpful just to have a constant reminder of the historical time period since this video takes place over a large gap of time. Anyhow this was just a small point I wanted to mention. I just discovered this channel and subscribed! Thanks for taking the time to teach us about this amazing period of history

[@EpimetheusHistory]

Thanks for the feedback jacob!

[@weemama]

I appreciate this. I’ve watched and read a lot about the Bronze Age collapse, but there is little available on the transition to the classical era.

[@serenemountain6769]

after the bronze you have the Iron Age ! the classical period starts with Athens creating democracy...

[@Amadeu.Macedo]

Although brief, you provided us with yet another outstanding mini-documentary, which did contain the basics of the issue at hand. Thanks for the upload.

[@socialistmapper3060]

Bro I was learning about the Bronze Age in school a bit ago, and they gloss over the entire Bronze Age collapse completely.

[@caiooca5793]

That was one of the best videos about the period. You made it concise and clear, showing the map everytime also helps. Thanks a lot.

[@PeterGodmez]

What a great way to start my morning.

[@leschaps2387]

Same. Very detailed.

[@ZZ-ug2bp]

this is morning

[@mubaraksadhir2042]

roman??🧐

[@54032Zepol]

@@leschaps2387 dude yes, iys morning again

[@starhalv2427]

Ancient Assyrian empire is super fascinating to me. Simultainously cruel and inhuman conquerors, and absolutely unkillable madlads.

[@19Murad77]

I've tought for a long time that Tulsa Doom character, the bad guy in the "Conan the Barbarian" movie, is an Assyrian warlord / king. They raid Conan's (explicitely) Cimmerian village to loot their iron and Tulsa Doom's symbol, two facing snakes, was used in Assyria (there is one displayed in the museum of Anatolian civilisations in Ankara for instance). The cities in the movie are more central asian typed in my opinion (Samarkand, Karakorum,etc...).

[@greghowell9986]

In the distant future, a dimensional portal to Hell is unintentionally opened in Oklahoma by a power-hungry mega corporation. Tulsa Doom

[@19Murad77]

@@greghowell9986 Where can I buy some stocks?

[@MrDeath2iPod]

Everything changed when the Sea People attacked.

[@NwoDispatcher]

I think they were monotheists

[@NwoDispatcher]

@Paddy Hickman I think akhenaten's heresy sparked a civil war in Egypt that spawned a monotheist holy war to destroy the gods of place.

[@Stoneworks]

Ey I've been around this channel since probably around 30k subs, and your quality has improved dramatically 👍keep up the good work

[@andrewjohnson6716]

This video is so information-dense that I had to keep rewinding it to fully catch things.

[@sisyphus4468]

Absolutely great video. Bronze age and its collapse are gold mines in history and you're the only one focusing on the era in detail. Keep up the good work

[@fishhedz]

This is excellent. I've been fascinated by this time in history for many years. I really appreciate your work here, and have subscribed.

[@KingFrolic]

Mad Hamurabi: Beyond the Ziggurat

[@georgekostaras]

Now that’s my kind of apocalyptic story

[@trambly611]

I love how Elam is just chilling in the corner and watching the chaos unfold

[@harryennis601]

Elam, proving minding your own god damn business is the best strat since the beginning of written history xD

[@trambly611]

@@harryennis601 yh but I believe they would have problems if they did trading with the other empires

[@hassanbassim4007]

Elam was totally destroyed and wiped out by the Assyrians later, Elamites weren’t just chilling, they were constantly raiding southern Mesopotamia for hundreds of years, so Ashurbanipal the emperor of Assyria decided to put an end to their civilization forever.

[@trambly611]

@@hassanbassim4007 true true

[@Fred_L.]

I know very little about the earlier history of that reagion so I always find your videos fascinating, and I really like your mapwork. Thanks for making another great one.

[@danielhdidouan]

These videos are great! Keep up the great work and I sincerely hope the lessons that we all learn from history can be shared long into the future - especially if they're told in such engaging and accessible content like what you produce on this channel. :)

[@Ciech_mate]

I wish places like Alexandria and Babylon weren't sacked

[@LuisBrito-ly1ko]

creepy whiteTrash Well, at least Babylon still exist... somewhat. The only thing still standing at Ctesiphon is the palace, for example.

[@danmueller4021]

@Stink Whistle Alexandria held the largest wealth of knowledge from the ancient world that is now lost forever. Pleb

[@Joe27248]

Well, I have heard that the burning of the library was at least partially accidental. I forget where I heard it and I have no proof, but I at least heard of the possibility lol. Makes you wonder how bad someone has to fuck up to accidentally burn down a Great Library?

[@akragas4394]

Alexandria didn't exist at that time .

[@AMR_k400]

@@Joe27248 yeah i heard it to the Romans claimed that they only wanted to burn ships which accidentally caught on to the library which burned it but maybe they were just denying their awful crimes

[@jaykaynum5569]

Saw this half way watched on my timeline. Amazing work💪🏾. Can't believe I'm just finish watching this great work 💯

[@PulseTrick]

As usual Mr. Epimetheus a fantastic presentation! Thank you, Sir.

[@MO-go9oo]

Absoutely rich with rich, incredibly well narrative and a video I am sure, I will be watching many times over! I am writing a fictional novel on the sea people and your content has been such great research, thank you so much!

[@princeofchemotherapy6544]

It's also interesting to see that out of all those great civilizations the only one that managed to recover is the Hellenic civilization, which not only just recovered but became several time more influential and stronger than it was in the Bronze age, either we are talking about Ancient Greece or the Medieval Roman Empire.

[@FlagshipHistory]

One of the best history channels out there. Keep up the great work

[@peejm1424]

Gorgeous work! Very well explained, concise and interesting. Thank you for your time and effort.

[@AbbeyRoadkill1]

This is the best summary I've ever seen on this topic. Nice work.

[@davidyoung2111]

OUTSTANDING VIDEO! as usual. Wow, you go deep into specific history & I love it. I have no degrees, I'm just an guy who is very passionate about history, currents events & to a lesser extent economics. I love all history but mainly military history basically what you cover. Thank you so much. I usually watch the same videos half a dozen times bcuz you cover ALOT in 15 min.

[@napolien1310]

This is one of the things I want to know if we invent a time machine.

[@fromthefire4176]

Suddenly a flash of light made Ezekiel turn away. You step out of the machine with Christopher Lloyd, Billy the kid, Oda Nobunaga, and Jesus Christ. “Great Scott!” Lloyd exclaims removing a pair of retro futuristic sunglasses as you take a selfie behind him, before handing him 20$. “Hey buddy is this.. Ass..yria?” Billy asks Ezekiel, mispronouncing “Assyria”, but the man just stares in shock, Nobunaga draws his sword “he’s seen too much!”. Jesus then speaks up, “Oda san wait!.. I think I know this guy.. well the bad news is we didn’t go back far enough, the good news is ppl will just write this off as one of the weirder parts of the Bible..”

[@jonme225]

@@fromthefire4176 Allah and Jesus team up to beat Zeus

[@mistryeag1e]

Really nice video! One of my favorite parts in the vid is how you explained the various theories of the collapse of the mycenaean empire. Do i sense a video on the rise of the classical greeks coming? I mean you did explain how the dorians migrated/rebelled/came back, so explaining the migration of the acheans and the ionians wouldn't be that far off lol. Oh and btw, since Troy Total War is coming out, i think a video covering the Trojan War would be a smart move, might get more people to check your channel out and help it grow! As always, good job Epimetheus, I hope your channel keeps on growing! Keep the good work up my guy!

[@eennaam]

These last days I was reading and watching a lot about this period of time and now one of my favorite KZbinrs uploaded another video about it!! 😍🙌

[@matheusmterra]

Finally the algorithm has shown me a new channel with well made videos of subjects I deeply enjoy. You’ve got yourself a new sub, mate

[@EpimetheusHistory]

Awesome! Glad you found my channel Matheus :)

[@AbbeyRoadkill1]

This guy's videos are pretty comprehensive. I'm subscribed to about 30 KZbin history channels and Epimetheus is in my top half-dozen... I also love Historia Civilis (the best explanations of Roman history I've ever seen), History Marche (their series on Hannibal is *stunning*), Overly Sarcastic Productions (very informative about history in an entertaining way), and History Time (especially for the history of Britain & Ireland). For long-form, deeper dives into history I like Fall of Civilizations Podcast (which also has a YT channel), The Study of Antiquity and the Middle Ages, Timaeus, and CHP (Chinese History Podcast, which also has a YT channel).

[@VOGTLANDOUTDOORS]

Wow - I discovered your ancient history play-by-play videos at 400a on a Sunday morning... ...a d now I can't go back to sleep. I know I'll be watchi g & re-watching this single 20 or more times before I a sorb all of what you've so excellently distilled. NICELY DONE!

[@EkaitzIturbeltz]

Well, if that's not the perfect setting for a Conan-like serie of stories, I don't know what it is! Seriously underrated period of History!

[@masteroutlaw100]

The age undreamed of

[@GrimbleSkulksnare]

Something you didn't mention on the video, was the settling of myceneans in the kingdom of Cyprus. Many cities states got their names from Trojan war heroes. Great video like always!

[@thedoruk6324]

Press *F* for the OC greece Mycenaean hellenia! :[ And OC anatolians Hatti/Hittites and Arzawa

[@EpimetheusHistory]

F

[@micahclark3606]

F

[@m.1374]

F

[@almirante_kiko]

F

[@Jim63071]

*Hellas

[@XX-gy7ue]

to be able to make such a confusing time into such a short and coherent video IS A MIRACLE ! thank you !

[@williamfink5502]

I like to write bronze era fantasy and when I need inspiration your videos are where I go to learn what I need. keep it up!

[@Dragons_Armory]

This is very interesting, mainly because it serves as regional timeline that put all of the separate threads of different empire's history into one narrative The common narrative has always been:~ Bronze Age Collapse (Possibly a bit about the Sea People) then ~ Rise of Assyria, but it seems there's soOOO much in between the two. As expected, the Bronze Age Collapse served as a reboot of a sort that made most empires disintegrate, and most local powers back into square 1 again. Then we saw the region enter a period of battle royale where they try to become the dominant power in the power vacuum. But most only amounted to local powers until the Assyrians (and then the Persians) came to incorporate the whole region into their domains. Honestly there is a prevailing theory that the reason why the Persian/ Median empire had such a swift time in conquering much of the region was because the Assyrians had already irrevocably broken up most of the local power blocks.

[@shorewall]

That makes sense. And the Persian Empire was why the Greeks had such an easy time conquering. Someone else set the table.

[@qus.9617]

@@shorewall "Someone else set the table." I like that, I'm gonna nab that.

[@msb8792]

And the Persians actually adopted Assyrian war tactics and administrative structures.

[@parhamrahimi8050]

@@msb8792 I believe the Persians adopted Elamite institutions. And their cavalry and archer heavy army was also unique to Iranian peoples. Assyria had already been thoroughly destroyed by the time the Persians entered the scene as a major power

[@hedgehog3180]

A little apocalypse can sometimes be healthy for a region.

[@sebolddaniel]

Thanks for the education on this part of the world. Lots of wonderful things that I should have learned in school.

[@KirstenBayes]

Absolutely terrific, great video! Love this period in history.

[@behrangkhosravi3157]

Yeay joy, another Epimetheus video. Such a blessed day.

[@phoeniximperator]

I'm amazed at how much information you managed to squash into such a tiny video

[@x0lopossum]

4:50 King Midas was from the kingdom Phrygia, the Kingdom inhabiting former hittite lands in Anatolia

[@SoyPhoenix]

Have you ever been in an abandoned server of one of those sandbox building games like minecraft, ark survival or wurm online? I've explored one once. The unnerving feeling you get when you see the landscape doted with ruins as you walk around is very real. You start to wonder how many people walked those roads before you and a sad feeling remains when you realize no one is there to walk those roads or repair those building anymore. I wonder if the people populating these places after the collapse felt the same.

[@EmpiresRediscovered]

Even though this time is called the Dark Age, there were so many empires and people that prospered during it...

[@kyosokutai]

the dark age came later

[@fortusvictus8297]

A 'Dark Age' is usually characterized by a loss of written language or a 'scholar/priest' class that could document things. They are not only uncommon in past collapses in Egypt and such, but likely will occur again someday. Human knowledge, progress and technology are not linear and total resets have occurred many times before

[@IndorilTheGreat]

@@fortusvictus8297 I wonder how the creation of the internet will affect that when it happens again. There's so much knowledge in decentalized locations out there - would be interesting to see how (if) all that knowledge will be accessible after the next collapse or shift of society.

[@fortusvictus8297]

@@IndorilTheGreat perhaps, but because of how the data in the internet is actually stored I'm more inclined to think of it as a 'Library of Alexandria' kind of thing where the well intentioned centralization of knowledge into one form resulted in the loss of at least centuries of knowledge when it fell as there were not 'back ups' in other forms in other places. In an interesting side bit on that topic, look into the Library of Congress buildings. I have seen the Packard Campus where they store old movie reels and music tapes and such, it is in a massive bunker built to look like a big hill. But most of what the Library of Congress is doing now is COMPLETELY digital, instead of doing analog backups they are going the other direction and digitizing much of the older material. We are one massive solar flare or EMP event from losing it all again.

[@m.c.martin]

@@fortusvictus8297 Let’s just hope the bunker in the North Pole survives it. It has a back up of every resource and documented event in History

[@karenbartlett1307]

Fantastic, informative videos, not dry but well illustrated making it easy to follow these historical events. Thanks, Epimetheus!

[@mooeminou]

Keep uploading!! Your videos give me life

[@charlietudju8238]

That was a really awesome video about a much under-discussed period of history ! I feel like you could do a part 2 on what happened in other peripheral areas like in Italy with the rise of the Etruscan civilization and the first Italic peoples and to the east, the formation of Indo-Iranian civilizations around central Asia, the Iranian plateau and the Indian subcontinent.

[@serenemountain6769]

the Etruscan's are believed to be the Leftovers of the City of Troy, that happened after this event.

[@charlietudju8238]

@@serenemountain6769 that's one of many theories. Modern archeologists agree that there is cultural continuity between the early etruscans and the villanova culture of central and northern Italy (which existed around the same time as Troy) Experts also agree that Italy in the late bronze age started to become somewhat integrated with the eastern mediterranean and it is even theorized that proto-etruscans could have been used as mercenaries by the Myceneans during the trojan war.

[@serenemountain6769]

@@charlietudju8238 If people acknowledge Trojans to be the precursors of the Etruscan's how can there be proto Etruscans fighting Trojans, makes no sense at all ... Etruscan society began its existence after the migration of the survivors of the fallen city of Troy to Italy, there was no Etruscan society prior to the Fallen of Troy, the dates match !

[@serenemountain6769]

@@charlietudju8238 More data: www.scientiapress.com/trojan-roman

[@odin3066]

Phoenicians: *smacks hands* “Time to get down to business”

[@Dark89Avenger]

How the fuck did I missed this channel for so long ?! Instantly subscribed.

[@XtReMz98]

And here I stood thinking we knew nothing of the sea people; yet, you provided several informations of their raids during the Bronze Age collapse. Hats off to you, Sir!

[@wimpie133]

These videos are like onions. You have a lot of info nicely summarized in a short video. Now I want to look at the more detailed info in one of the recommended videos. After that I'll be even intrigued more. And in the end I'll end up buying a (good) book about it :-)

[@sarahp6512]

As someone who knows music theory but not history, it's interesting to see names like "Lydian", "Phrygian" and "Dorian", which are the names of some of the modes of the major scale. I wonder if those ancient peoples are where those names came from, and where the names of the other modes come from.

[@johnsmith-ir1ne]

Don't forget Ionian

[@denisdavidoff624]

Absolute connection

[@walterulasinksi7031]

It is important to remember that even with the disruption of the Tin supply chain from Iberia, the end of the Bronze Age did not happen immediately with Iron supplanting Bronze. It took centuries for the new technology of Iron smelting to become prevalent.

[@EpimetheusHistory]

Indeed. Very true.

[@BobyChanMan]

You know its fascinating to see how ancient regions shifted socially and politically, and especially interesting to see small coincidental comparisons to our modern era.

[@YaMumsSpecialFriend]

Nice work mate, high quality through and through👌🏻

[@FaithfulObjectivist]

Excellent integrated summary. Thanks

[@baltulielkungsgunarsmiezis9714]

It is my belief that the dorians where greeks, greeks that had lived in Anatolia and/or been waging war there for a decade or two. They where not accepted uppon their retrun nor did they accept how the culture had changed in their absense so they dispersed as their own seperate communities, the larges band being led by a man after whom the dorians are named.

[@ahmadhassan8466]

They were probably related but different group

[@merrittanimation7721]

@WithAStick AngryWhiteMan Hittites were a group speaking an Indo-European language, they were not Turks.

[@paulmayson3129]

@WithAStick AngryWhiteMan They are, but not though the Hittites, but the Roman Greeks of Asia Minor, who were a fusion of the Hellenistic Greek colonists (when half of Greece was emptied), and the indigenous Anatolian Peoples.

[@hiphop24-s3s]

Dorians maybe the real Hellenic Indo European people

[@hiphop24-s3s]

While the original Myceneans are Mediterranean peoples and neolithic Anatolians

[@Kazii_CSclips]

You know, I never paid attention to the Bronze age and the early Iron Age when this was being taught to us at elementary. I was just amazed about the civilizations and their locations, that was it, but I never questioned how those civilizations were born, it's crazy just thinking about it

[@jfortune99]

I know this may be difficult in the editing/research process, but is there any way you can have more years to mark significant events? Or a year ticker in the bottom as the video plays? Idk I just think it could be helpful but I also understand that might be a bit much to ask. Thank you for all the awesome content either way.

[@Michael3851]

Omg!! What a beatiful looking and very detailed vídeo!! Awesome work you did here mein freund! For sure It'll be going my new favorite history channel. :)

[@dialloabdoulalay3190]

Fascinating look at the Bronze Age Collapse! This history documentary really brings the complexities of ancient civilizations to life. Loved the detailed analysis of how interconnected societies faced simultaneous downfall.

[@JenniferinIllinois]

I've read a lot of history in my 50+ years but honestly I was ignorant of the Bronze Age civilizations, other than Egypt. I've learned so much from you, Cy and others who have done amazing videos about the Bronze Age.

[@ffls775]

I've learned a lot today and it was awesome thanks you

[@EpimetheusHistory]

Glad you enjoyed it!

[@levinb1]

Total War: Rise of the Iron Empires

[@anneramsey4655]

it will be alot better than total war saga troy

[@Canosoup]

"The Iron Empires" sounds so cool. 🤘

[@MrJonLott]

Very nice detail on the faces of the peoples, especially the Phrygian cap!

[@samiamrg7]

It would be somewhat ironic if the ancestors of the Spartans had been lower-class Myceneans who overthrew the warrior and nobility classes of their societies only to later become the quintessential definition of an elite, warrior upper-class presiding over a large population of quasi-enslaved, lower class people in the form of the helots