Thank you for this. I just wrote a blog post about how when the 10 Commandments say, "Thou shalt" or "Thou shalt not" this is in the continuous tense in Hebrew and the future tense in Greek. In other words, it carries the sense that there WAS, IS, and SHALL BE a Person whom these commandments describe. They don't say "Thou should not" or "Thou must not" but rather, "Thou hast not, doth not, and shalt not". So the true commandment of the law is to be like this Person, who can only be the Messiah. But no one can be like Him in their own strength; only through the Gospel and receiving His Spirit can we walk in Him and fulfil the righteousness of the Law. Your insight that the set of commandments given to the Israelites was broken but the second set placed within the ark, symbolizing Christ, is preserved, fits with this perfectly. Glory to God!