Everything about the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease, including skin biopsy (Syn-One Test®)

I discuss the use of SYN-ONE-TEST (skin biopsy) for Parkinson's disease diagnosis, along with the 2015 clinical diagnostic criteria.
MDS Clinical Diagnostic Criteria for PD:
The first essential criterion is parkinsonism, which is defined as bradykinesia in combination with at least 1 of rest tremor or rigidity.
SUPPORTIVE CRITERIA FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF PD:
1. Clear and dramatic beneficial response to dopaminergic therapy. During initial treatment, the patient returned to the normal or near-normal level of function.
2. Presence of levodopa-induced dyskinesia
3. Rest tremor of a limb
4. The presence of either olfactory loss or cardiac sympathetic denervation on MIBG scintigraphy.
ABSOLUTE EXCLUSION CRITERIA FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF PD:
1. Unequivocal cerebellar abnormalities, such as cerebellar gait, limb ataxia, or cerebellar oculomotor abnormalities.
2. Downward vertical supranuclear gaze palsy, or selective slowing of downward vertical saccades
3. Diagnosis of probable behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia or primary progressive aphasia
4. Parkinsonian features restricted to the lower limbs for more than 3 y
5. Treatment with a dopamine receptor blocker or a dopamine-depleting agent in a dose and time course consistent with drug-induced parkinsonism
6. Absence of observable response to high-dose levodopa despite at least moderate severity of disease
7. Unequivocal cortical sensory loss, clear limb ideomotor apraxia, or progressive aphasia
8. Normal functional neuroimaging of the presynaptic dopaminergic system (DAT SCAN).
9. Documentation of an alternative condition known to produce parkinsonism and plausibly connected to the patient’s symptoms, or, the expert evaluating physician, based on the full diagnostic assessment feels that an alternative syndrome is more likely than PD
RED FLAGS (features against PD):
1. Rapid progression of gait impairment requiring regular use of wheelchair within 5 y of onset
2. A complete absence of progression of motor symptoms or signs over 5 or more y unless stability is related to treatment
3. Early bulbar dysfunction: severe dysphonia or dysarthria or severe dysphagia requiring soft food, NG tube, or gastrostomy feeding within the first 5 years.
4. Inspiratory respiratory dysfunction: either diurnal or nocturnal inspiratory stridor or frequent inspiratory sighs
5. Severe autonomic failure in the first 5 y of disease.
6. Recurrent, more than 1/y falls because of impaired balance within 3 y of onset
7. Disproportionate anterocollis -dystonic or contractures of hand or feet within the first 10 years.
8. Absence of any of the common nonmotor features of disease despite 5-year disease duration. These include sleep dysfunction such as sleep-maintenance insomnia, excessive daytime somnolence, symptoms of REM sleep behavior disorder, autonomic dysfunction such as constipation, daytime urinary urgency, symptomatic orthostasis, hyposmia, or psychiatric dysfunction such as depression, anxiety, or hallucinations
9. Otherwise unexplained pyramidal tract signs, defined as pyramidal weakness or clear pathologic hyperreflexia
10. Bilateral symmetric parkinsonism. The patient or caregiver reports bilateral symptom onset with no side predominance, and no side predominance is observed on objective examination.
Postuma RB, Berg D, Stern M, Poewe W, Olanow CW, Oertel W, Obeso J, Marek K, Litvan I, Lang AE, Halliday G, Goetz CG, Gasser T, Dubois B, Chan P, Bloem BR, Adler CH, Deuschl G. MDS clinical diagnostic criteria for Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord. 2015 Oct;30:1591-601. doi: 10.1002/mds.26424. PMID: 26474316.
• Biopsy Procedure
cndlifesciences.com/syn-one-t...
• What is "Parkinsonism"...

[@johndonaldson5126]

I had both a DatScan and skin biopsy. both are more reliable than a clinical diagnosis. Also by the time most PD patients show tremor they are 50% through the process. I was diagnosed 3 months ago vi a skin biopsy. I still have no motor symptoms. Since the year 2013 I have tracked 25 symptoms. Those that are not certain if they have PD or not should have a skin biopsy. Don't let doctors tell you that you must have a motor symptom to be diagnosed.

[@DynamicUnreal]

What were your original symptoms that made you suspect you had PD in the first place? You can write a thorough list if possible, it could really help me out with my process right now.

[@goodczewski777]

Informative video on PD but it's a bit discouraging never hearing about any OTHER life changing solutions apart from exercise, mediteranean diet and just levodopa this levodopa that blah blah BLAH. 😡We need more SOLUTIONS.

[@mistergreen3371]

so sad video 😢