✡︎ Far Away Lands, The Medieval Sephardic Heritage - Ensemble Florata

Ensemble: Florata
Album: Far Away Lands: The Medieval Sephardic Heritage
Video: Add MS 14761 (XIV cent.)
/ musicamedievale
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The Jews of medieval Spain, the Sephardim, enjoyed the most glorious flowering of culture of any of the Jewish communities of Europe. Under the rule of the Moors especially, they prospered for seven centuries, from the Islamic conquest of Spain beginning in 711, to the final loss of Granada to the Christian forces of Ferdinand and Isabella in 1492. The Jews had suffered greatly under Visigothic rule, and the invading Moors in the eighth century were welcomed as liberators. Seven centuries later, in the landmark year that saw Christopher Columbus sail westward and the Muslim rulers, driven forever from Spain, the Sephardic Jews were expelled from the Iberian Peninsula, and had to make new homes in North Africa and the Ottoman Empire, where they were welcomed. Jewish scholars, scientists, philosophers, translators, mathematicians and musicians had been highly prized for their contributions at both Moorish and Christian courts in medieval Spain, and they continued to be valued in the lands of their dispersion. It is curious that tolerance of the Sephardim in Christian Spain in the north still coincided with the usual European prejudices. At the thirteenth-century court of Alphonso X of Castile, for example, the Jews were an important part of the structure of courtly life, particularly in the sciences, yet their portrayal in Alphonso’s Cantigas de Santa Maria is almost universally negative. Likewise, Alphonso tolerated the Moors and made use of their services, yet was actively engaged in the reconquista of southern Spain from Muslim control all of his life. Acceptance of the Jewish and Muslim presence by Christians did not necessarily indicate an equal acceptance of their differing ideologies. Nevertheless, the Jewish communities were able to survive and even flourish, producing many great works of philosophy, mystical theology, literature and music. The Sephardic Jews gave to their descendants a remarkable and vital tradition of secular and sacred song, passed down orally, mainly by the women of the Sephardic community. This repertoire was lovingly preserved and built upon over the centuries, new songs often adopting the musical practices of the ‘far away lands’ in which the scattered Sephardim found themselves. Music, like poetry, provides a means of preserving a culture in a way that is not tied to one location, as a settlement would be. With their songs, ballads, and romances, the displaced Jews could have with them at all times a reminder of the joys of their Spanish homeland, cruelly taken from them under the stern direction of the Inquisition. In Spain, elderly women have long kept stories alive by constant retelling. In Spanish the words cuenta (bead) and cuento (story) connect number and story just as the threads and knots on Jewish prayer shawls are counted and symbolic, and the rosary counts psalms or prayers. Indeed, English has the same tradition in the words ‘recount’ and ‘tell’. So we may imagine grandmothers with their beads recounting one story after another, stringing together one song after another... (from the booklet of the album)
I wish you happy listening!
Mirko Virginio Volpe
MUSICA MEDIEVALE
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1 Siete Hijos Tiene Hanna
2 'Ay De Mí!' Dize El Buen Padre
3 Puncha, Puncha
4 Por La Tu Puerta Yo Passi
5 Oh, Que Relumbror De Novia Hermoza
6 Durme, Durme
7 Estampie: Por Qué Llorax Blanca Niña
8 Delgadina
9 La Madre D'Esta Novia
10 Entre Las Huertas Paseando
11 Porqué No Cantáis La Bella?
12 La Malcasada Del Pastor
13 Dos Amantes
14 Esta Montaña D'Enfrente
15 Yo M'Enamori
16 El Marido Disfrazado
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Oud, Psaltery, Percussion, Harp, Voice - Tim Rayborn
Recorder - Suzanne Hirschman
Voice, Percussion, Fiddle, Hurdy Gurdy (Symphonie) - Alison Sabedoria
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Buy: cutt.ly/knqBhRC
🌻 The monetization of this channel is disabled to offer the highest possible listening quality. Please support the channel with a free donation: paypal.me/volpemirko or / musicamedievale

[@rmt4624]

This album was one of the last pieces of music my budgie and I enjoyed together before he passed away last summer. We sat on the floor, he on his perch between me and his favorite mirror, buzzing softly along with the music. Thank you for this album. It's become a soul-wrenching experience to hear it, but I miss him and wanted to listen again this evening. Now I've cried all over my pillow.

[@trappart9209]

Bless your soul ❤

[@pieterpieters9998]

It's hard to lose a loved one. They become more than pets, they are family. May all loved ones rest in peace

[@christopherorlowsky4082]

Even though I don't speak the language, it's so easy to become lost in this beautiful haunting and evocative music. After listening, it becomes very difficult to return to the modern world. Thank you for sharing something so inspiring

[@albertcamposribot8227]

00:00 1 Siete Hijos Tiene Hanna 03:56 2 'Ay De Mí!' Dize El Buen Padre 08:52 3 Puncha, Puncha 11:27 4 Por La Tu Puerta Yo Passi 16:35 5 Oh, Que Relumbror De Novia Hermoza 19:00 6 Durme, Durme 23:31 7 Estampie: Por Qué Llorax Blanca Niña 26:33 8 Delgadina 31:45 9 La Madre D'Esta Novia 35:28 10 Entre Las Huertas Paseando 40:56 11 Porqué No Cantáis La Bella? 45:34 12 La Malcasada Del Pastor 50:03 13 Dos Amantes 52:06 14 Esta Montaña D'Enfrente 58:11 15 Yo M'Enamori 01:02:08 16 El Marido Disfrazado

[@Wavewolfaroha]

Thank you!

[@Mordowx]

Thank you, may i ask, who's the artist of Por La Tu Puerta Yo Passi song?

[@jorgeneryfigueroa5340]

Gracias!!! Belleza de recuerdos!

[@mayobanexmedina4709]

Thanks

[@mayobanexmedina4709]

Gracias,quien es la vocalista?

[@fortis6258]

The Ladino language and various instruments of wonderment and I am back in 13th or 14th-century Hispania, living like some of my ancestors did. Beautiful music! What a robust and rich cultural heritage Sephardic Jews have! Wow! many thanks for uploading this!!!

[@MusicaMedievale]

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[@paulhomsy2751]

The instrumentation is pure Arabic mandolin. The sound of the lyrics, mostly Ladino. By that time, the Arab influence in arts and music already had seven centuries in Spain. (since the year 710)

[@o.vortice4654]

Here in Brasil some of this came too...when 1492 the reconquest they send various to the americas... Here whe call "musica armorial" its a mix of this heritage with others

[@abderrahmanedebieb5290]

Tbarakallah Machallah

[@iglesiasmarco]

Jews have been living in the Iberian Peninsula since Roman times. Ladino is a mixture of Latin, Spanish, Greek, and Hebrew.

[@duibheasaoreilly167]

Enjoying this from Ireland. Ceol agus glór is binne. The sweetest voice and music.

[@markdarnell614]

To my Ears, Early Sephardic Music is the most Beautiful, and Soulful Medieval Music! It seems to be the SEED of most 60's - 70's Psychedelic Rock & Folk Music, i.e. Pink Floyd, Jimi Hendrix, Jefferson Airplane, Love (Forever Changes), The Doors, Fairport Convention, Tim Buckley, Leonard Cohen, and even Led Zeppelin after LZ 3 and onward!

[@MusicaMedievale]

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[@fernandocortezsica167]

The union of the three cultures (Christian, Muslim and Jewish) provided an enormous cultural wealth in medieval Spain. I also suggest the album "Tres Culturas" by Eduardo Paniagua :)

[@angelescarmonadiaz5494]

Lamento desengañarte pero, históricamente, nunca existió esa unión de tres culturas (cristiana, musulmana y judia) coexistiendo en armonía. Se cobraban impuestos para ser "tolerados"

[@fernandocortezsica167]

@@angelescarmonadiaz5494 Hola, Ángeles! Gracias por la aclaración, no sabía sobre los impuestos. Investigaré un poco sobre eso :)

[@MsLeenite]

Thank you, I enjoyed that very much. My own heritage is Eastern European Jewish (Ashkenazy), with its tradition of Klezmer style dance music. So this was a rare treat for me.

[@alexreik424]

@Read Father Seraphim Rose music sorry to hear???? or what else???? is papa rose a sorry mess ??

[@whatforaaron2494]

Like they say “Yiddish in the streets, and Ladino in the house!…” ✡️🇪🇸

[@aramere3650]

As a Jew of Sephardic heritage it’s a treat for me to experience the music of my own people when there’s such abundance of Yiddish klezmer music representing Jews in the United States and the rest of the Western world

[@MsLeenite]

@@aramere3650 Musica Medievale does that very well: treat us to the music of our own heritage, as well as others'.

[@hiimjeremie8403]

​​@@aramere3650As Sephardic Jew myself, I have extreme difficulty trying to find Sephardic music.

[@SELFTalkNarcisismo]

Beautiful music! Greetings from Spain!

[@MusicaMedievale]

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[@erik1553]

Los de Babilonia os saludan. Sea la gracia del Señor, amor de Dios con todos vosotros, y que tengáis fuerza en vuestras luchas. Amén.

[@KH-on5pu]

I am Muslim and i like the music! Thanks for sharing. Not sure how i ended up here.

[@hyim322]

La illah ella mohammad

[@randysquires8362]

Jesus is drawing you.

[@activistmalpractice]

Yahweh is drawing you.

[@randysquires8362]

Right, Shitty! It's written: YESHUA says in John 6:44, "No one can come unto ME ""unless"" the FATHER/YAHWEH who sent ME draws him..." And it's also written: ln Luke 10:22, YESHUA says, "All things have been delivered to ME by MY FATHER and no one knows who the SON is except the FATHER, and who the FATHER is except the SON, and the one to whom the SON ""wills"" to reveal HIM." That's what's happening to KH. And you! Prov.30:4 WHO HAS ASCENDED INTO HEAVEN, OR DESCENDED? WHO HAS GATHERED THE WIND IN HIS FIST? WHO HAS BOUND THE WATERS IN A GARMENT? WHO HAS ESTABLISHED ALL THE ENDS OF THE EARTH? WHAT IS HIS NAME & WHAT IS HIS SON'S NAME? """SURELY YOU KNOW...""" YESHUA ben DAVID. SHALOM

[@satyamlarocca565]

You ended up enjoying Jewish Sephardic music, because in music we are all one. Doesn't matter where we come from, doesn't matter where we go, music is divine gift to humanity and brings us together under its beauty and love.❤insha'Allah all humanity will see the oneness and live in peace...

[@voraciousreader3341]

I’m so glad that, despite the vile attempt to completely eradicate the Jewish people from this earth-with the 1930s-1940s being the most recent attempt-their various cultures and languages thrive and enchant Jewish and non-Jewish people alike. I will also include all of the classical music geniuses who continue to enrich our lives with their gifts!

[@MusicaMedievale]

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[@timpanixxi6303]

This music ensemble is Christian

[@situational476]

@@timpanixxi6303 why should that matter?

[@MusicaMedievale]

@@timpanixxi6303 How do you know? But above all: who cares!

[@_Plutonyan]

You guys are eradicating Palestinians tho

[@simone222]

I deeply love Sephardic music, so beautiful, evocative and sung in Ladino, a language so rich. I was supposed to visit relatives in Valencia last yr in which I planned a side-trip to Toledo to attend a local music venue where Sephardic music is being played. For now, this excellent compilation will do. Thank you so much for enlivening my evening. Happy listening.

[@MusicaMedievale]

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[@paulhomsy2751]

Very beautiful music with a very strong Arabic influence in the instrumentation and its sounds. Lyrics are different.

[@simone222]

@@daria_morvedre Hi Daria. Happy New Year. 🙂

[@josevipadilla7224]

¡oh Sefarad! Los Judíos siempre Te llevarán en su corazón..., aunque estés lejos.

[@MusicaMedievale]

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[@sahracohen4443]

This is utterly exquisite- every note so beautifully and perfectly placed.

[@notfancy2000]

Tim Rayborn's voice is always a balm.

[@barnyification]

Wonderful, listening on a sunny day in Liverpool ❤️

[@MusicaMedievale]

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[@morphou8548]

hihi,even wonderful on a rainy day in Germany. wonderful Music is always wonderful.Gives me so much Inspiration...Thousend hugs to Liverpool...;-)

[@ugurdeniz3556]

Respect From Turkey ❤️

[@francisfreyre]

Beautiful and amazing music! Thank you very much!

[@nicolaspoblete2087]

Simply sublime! Thanks for this treasure!

[@MusicaMedievale]

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[@eshkharg]

My ancesstors would have cried to see me listen to this now... Love from Israel!

[@MusicaMedievale]

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[@timpanixxi6303]

This ensemble is Christian

[@eshkharg]

@@timpanixxi6303 It doesnt matter.

[@ivorkovac303]

You have Sephardic ancestry? Do you guys have concerts where people can go and listen to the older traditional music?

[@eshkharg]

@@ivorkovac303 I have sephardic ancestry from both of my parents, from Spain (Spharad), all of north africa, Italy and more. In Israel, there are Ladino music festivals (Sephardic music) and more.

[@monymendoza8012]

Me estremece esta música..siento el alma de mis ancestros

[@MegaCirse]

La musique est salutaire quand elle suscite une émotion ou une humeur en vous. il ne s'agit pas nécessairement d'être mélodique, religieux ou ouvertement musical, mais plutôt de transporter l'auditeur quelque part où il n'était pas avant. Dans ce cas précis, j'ai l'impression d'être assis sur un banc de parc par une tiède soirée. le vent me caresse doucement le visage, et tout est silencieux à part la nature qui m'entoure. Il est intéressant que je mentionne que cela évoque le silence, quand je parle de cette musique qui glorifie le soleil ❤

[@unkolawdio]

This IS WHAT IM LOOKING FOR,,,,THANK GOD

[@jorgitoviejoamigo2736]

Rekordemos con nostaljia, los viejos romances de la mía Sefarad, mucho tiempo acontesció, mas agora, oimos kon lagrimas en nuestros ojos, buena nochada, shalom.

[@riccardocorrente4159]

I adore medioeval music...Thanks..

[@MusicaMedievale]

🌹

[@77patriota]

From the dephts of my soul...Thank you sooo much por uploading this 🙏🏻

[@acqua61]

Buona giornata a voi! Bravi tutti voi! 🤗🤗❤️🌸🌸

[@mattfinchdesign]

Excellent.

[@MusicaMedievale]

🌹

[@cmblocker95]

I searched for some study music to put in the background and KZbin sent me this. You know, music you aren't too familiar with, and with words you can't understand; to just tootle away in the background... That ain't this music. What beautiful voices, instruments, and tapestry. I would love to be able to look up the translation. I would also love to know what tapestry (or painting) is. As always, Musica Medievale, you are a beautiful distraction to me. Keep it up!

[@mayobanexmedina4709]

This music is priceless for me on the grounds that it's given to me as a priceless source of constant priceless joy by the Grace Of The GOD of Abraham!

[@vedrinatovar9510]

Me desgarro las vestiduras, cuál secundariana al escuchar a su pop Star, al escuchar sus sugerencias...😍😍😍

[@ladyofhay]

⚘ 💯 B E A U T I F U L! ⚘ Intriguing, delicate, passionate, as those times were... Thank you!

[@MusicaMedievale]

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[@DrShlomoGeller]

💪👏thanks

[@MusicaMedievale]

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[@mariannegreig3067]

absolutely beautiful, thank you for this precious musical gift.

[@MusicaMedievale]

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[@johntheunready8331]

Just stumbled on this. Beautiful- A breath of fresh air. Truly grateful to you. thank you. I recommend your channel to all who love beauty.

[@mn4169]

beautiful, peaceful and calming. I adore Sephardic musik and traditons

[@jonathaneffemey944]

Thanks so much for posting.

[@MusicaMedievale]

🌹

[@victorgelb3304]

Thanks 😊 for all the wonderful music.

[@MusicaMedievale]

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[@barbarahyland7865]

I have always loved this music and you make it even greater~ Thanks for your rendition. Wonderful~~

[@MusicaMedievale]

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[@luisvivanco6897]

Very careful performance, very good arrangements. It is not easy to conserve the oriental character and armonies in western instruments, much less mixing the playing of both together. But here this reunion the two traditions has been very happy. I would like to know where one can find the lyrics of some of the songs. Some of them -like "Esta Montaña d'enfrente" I know from many years ago. But others it is here for the first time I hear them, and very beautiful they are.

[@MusicaMedievale]

Thanks for your comment, I think that you could do a google search, but surely the best way would be to buy the cd 🌻

[@itaspera]

This has provided me fascination and joy. Thank you.

[@marcomanassero4532]

Bellissima musica

[@gidaltioliveira5902]

amazing...cozy atmophere of art.

[@MusicaMedievale]

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[@alfiecat9288]

Wow - love it!

[@MusicaMedievale]

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[@silvae7314]

Muchísimas gracias.

[@deadby15]

Such a delightful piece of music! 🙂

[@finnjake6174]

Hebrew letters are so cute and neat, smol.

[@MusicaMedievale]

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[@victormorgado5318]

Hebrew letters are also recepients of energy. See the combinations of letters in 72shemot. com , a way of meditation with hebrew letters

[@ivorkovac303]

Great. Sounds like a fusion of medieval European and Middle Eastern elements. I guess that would make sense given the location. Interesting how Jews manage to survive and hang onto their culture with so many people trying constantly to wipe them out.

[@MusicaMedievale]

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[@ivorkovac303]

@Read Father Seraphim Rose Or it's what we would expect to find from a middle eastern culture living in Europe. The roots are middle eastern, but the surroundings are European.

[@alexreik424]

@Read Father Seraphim Rose Take a walk, step in something soft, scrape it on your breakfast toast....in other words..... EAT SOME NON-HUMAN DETRITUS

[@MrJrlilman]

@Read Father Seraphim Rose You read Father Seraphim Rose yet talk all this shit about Jews with your chest lmao. Please read more Father Seraphim Rose, get Jesus in your heart forreal, and get over your fucking self. If they copied anything what does it matter. They still gave it their own flare and what have you done? This is Sephardic Jewish music rooting from a medieval culture and a beautiful medieval language, more beautiful than your shit talking. God bless.

[@marymorenomariposa]

beautiful

[@catoelder4696]

Incredible!

[@MusicaMedievale]

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[@alcione127]

Maravilloso

[@MusicaMedievale]

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[@papagenoharto]

Wonderful.I my opinion, as the voice NEVER there is nothing and the arabic instruments are intoxicating always. Many , many thanks

[@espeesperanza]

Muchas gracias!!

[@MusicaMedievale]

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[@ARTEARGENTIN0]

bravo por el desplazamiento del encuadre... ademas de la exquisita música

[@claudiamazza7231]

Ladino.Hermoso.

[@pieterpieters9998]

Awesome music

[@Inspector_Maal]

Oh yess!!

[@MusicaMedievale]

🌷

[@salty-tomato]

😍 Beautiful & Soulful Shalom from Florida

[@Marco-vi7hi]

Superbe.

[@michelebeartGIBBONGASCON]

merci

[@deboradesaint-d4611]

Wonderful🙏❤

[@MusicaMedievale]

🌹

[@ericb5480]

I am a proud Sephardic. Milas Turkey, Rhodos, Syria Egypt to America in 1914

[@PC-lu3zf]

Cool music

[@Delta44-]

Beautiful music, pure Sephardic culture is Celtic-Iberian, Hibernian, Gaullian, Aquitanian, and all of Magna Graecia from the Bronze Age to the Middle Ages and the beginning of the renaissance.

[@claudiamazza7231]

Genial.

[@freemanjack3709]

אני לא מבין כלום מזה אבל איזה נפלא נשמע כמו גן עדן. התגובה הזו היא מגוגל תרגום

[@alainbernez2003]

Que de souvenirs d'une vie passée...qui sont les chanceux qui se souviennent comme moi de ces passages sur la Terre...😉🙃👁️

[@sewilla.przewodnik]

❤ recomiendo

[@neilcook4686]

Fantastic :) Some of the "drummier" (sorry for this adjective :) ) stuff reminds me of Argentinian Murga - makes me want to sway, whatever the origin :) Thank you

[@leonardosilvadacruz2530]

Ladino and Shefardi life!

[@marymarie3896]

❤️❤️❤️❤️

[@elel-ww5nf]

Hebrew songs ! how amazing

[@marcomanassero4532]

Bellissimo video complimenti

[@MusicaMedievale]

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[@marcomanassero4532]

🌹🌹

[@sauvageaux]

❤

[@Strickland1248]

Top

[@MusicaMedievale]

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[@Reuel-Jazwa]

yo this kinda lit

[@spiritualanarchist8162]

Great stuff !

[@karolinailic2868]

🎶🎶🎶❤️

[@marinusvisser]

👍👍👍⚘

[@multiheadable]

What's the story with the pig and the rabbit?

[@mayobanexmedina4709]

What's her name?

[@mayobanexmedina4709]

1ro,2do y 3ero OMG

[@derniercaesar5319]

i knew that the furries were a jewish creation.

[@teresahiggs4896]

Nope, there’s an ancient Egyptian papyrus that shows cats playing nursemaid to mice babies, mice generals in charge of a mice army, hippos in trees like birds, etc. no one knows if it was intended to be just funny or if it was some kind of political satire cartoon .

[@derniercaesar5319]

@@teresahiggs4896 is a "joke" Mrs

[@mayobanexmedina4709]

Who is she?

[@finearts8353]

1:50

[@roidrage4897]

the description says Sephardi jews only suffered on Christian rule and enjoyed life on Muslim's, which is false : en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1066_Granada_massacre. before muslims conquered, the peninsula was ruled by Wisigoths, they were not Christians.

[@ivorkovac303]

Someone should do a music video where they take one of these medieval songs and put in plants and animals drawn in the medieval style, including all the anthropamorphs and monsters. I would make playlist of that. The stuff they're making today is a cultural wasteland, which mainly promotes filthy behavior and fails to inspire the imagination. We need to get back to the past.

[@franciswheatgerm2082]

Man, despite our personal tastes, there is much more beauty and wisdom in the present than in the past - except, unfortunately, in what concerns natural beauty. Medieval music was composed in medieval times - those enlightned times when eclipses where the doings of angry gods; times of human sacrifices, witch hunts, and widespread daily basis murder and rape. Women had the same rights as dead dogs. Jews, all over europe, were common victims of mindless, violent, deadly pogroms. Yes, western societies are sick, hooked on cheap virtual thrills and going further away from common sense, natural cycles, human bondage. We are eating, watching, listening to plastic rubbish everyday. But we can always find more peaceful forms of living and become surrounded by sensitive and wise people. This is perfectly possible now, with very little money. In medieval times, if you were born poor and iliterate, you would die poor and iliterate - and, sadly, this still applies to poor countries around the world. So stop complaining, dude! :)

[@philsavage6186]

Metzuyan.... Eleohim tevarekh otkha

[@eshkharg]

*yevarekh I know you used Google translate for this, so let me tell you that "tevarekh" is future female form and not the male form that God wants to be addressed as.

[@renzo6490]

@@eshkharg- god wants to be addressed as a male ! ( rolls eyes )

[@eshkharg]

@@renzo6490 I speak Hebrew and read and understand the ancient texts of the Bible. And Allways God is addressed as male in the ancient laws of grammar which mostly still apply in modern hebrew.

[@renzo6490]

@@eshkharg - I was not referring to your scholarship but rather to the origins and justifications of the idea that god is male and, by extension, that the male is superior to the female

[@user-ze3tq9hf9i]

@@renzo6490 he never said that male is superior to the female.

[@bekimveseli6265]

YES they like musicians are like TIME MACHINE but i can't understand how can they play a lot of medieval music that was newer wrote like we think in Pentagram and such JUMP like MESH UP between diferernt Cultures,What is the Meaning of Sephardic Music?

[@ric-speed]

Looks like they're all talking on their smartphones

[@urmaturma8346]

מה הקשר עברית אבל...

[@j.b.9581]

At 08:16 it looks like the man with the beard and cup on the left, the lady with the headpiece and cup to HIS left, the lady on the right with a white headpiece AND the guy on the left with a green headpiece and brown cup all look like they are holding cellphones to their ears. The travails of technology!!

[@corneliusmcmuffin3256]

I find it ironic how well the Jews were treated by Muslim conquerors, considering Muhammad's prejudice against Jews during his life.

[@corneliusmcmuffin3256]

Also, feel free to correct me if I'm wrong. More input is always appreciated.

[@loochhmm6334]

Dhimmi apartheid status was not lovely. It was in fact a brutal system of oppression meant to enforce structural hierarchy with Muslims as the rulers. While we weren’t as oppressed as in Ashkenazi land, our history is one of persecution. And yes Muhammad’s reign was violent toward us

[@duibheasaoreilly167]

They were no more well treated than people having to pay protection money to the Mafia were treated. Moslem protection money was called the jizya.

[@jairomellosmn8046]

OUVE ISRAEL !!!

[@godsarmy8746]

Jesus Saves

[@taieberic2547]

Ignorant De la musique ancienne

[@rabbiezekielgoldberg2497]

After all, why not? Why shouldn't I be anti-semitic?

[@nox6948]

Long live Palestine 🇵🇸

[@loochhmm6334]

This has nothing to do with Palestine

[@jameslee2196]

none important