Free Energy and the Equilibrium Constant

071 - Free Energy and the Equilibrium Constant
In this video Paul Andersen explains how thermodynamic and equilibrium reasoning can be related through changes in free energy and the equilibrium constant. When the delta G is negative the reaction shifts to the right or favors products. When the delta G is positive the reaction shifts to the left or favors reactants. In biological systems exergonic reactions (like cellular respiration) can be linked to endergonic reactions (like the production of ATP).
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I know it's strange to say but I'm kind of sad that the series ended. Learning is much easier and more fun with Mr. Andersen. I hope he makes more Chemistry videos!

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I just wanted to say how thankful I am for these video lectures. I was not feeling prepared for the AP Exam, so I watched all of the videos and took notes, and I was able to not only understand each of the concepts but also be able to learn how to tie all of the concepts together so that it makes sense how one thing leads to the next and the relationship between both. I really wish there could be some way for me to express my sincere thanks to you Mr. Anderson... I would not be able to have gotten to this point without your materials. I will continue to watch your videos as I take AP Bio and other science courses from here on out. Thank you SO SO much and I hope to see you again soon. Finishing this series makes it feel like my favorite show's season ended... but there are a lot more season comings that I am so exited for! Thank you; you are THE BEST educational KZbinr on this channel.

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[@Belugaman91]

My AP Chemistry final is tomorrow, and my class never went fully in depth with relating Gibbs and equilibrium constant. As Equilibrium and Thermochem are the two biggest parts of the AP Chemistry exam, This video helped me put almost everything together, and helped answer almost all my questions for this year. Thank you SO much Mr. Anderson!

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Watching this four years on and it's still SO beneficial. What a gift you have. Thank you.

[@jonathancoolies]

I've learned this a few times before in high school chemistry, and college gen chem. Now I am in med school and we covered this as part of the intro into metabolism and the professor confused me more than I ever have before lol. Watched this and makes much better sense now. Thanks.

[@fraddi]

+Jonathan Colin-Rizo I know! When he showed the delta G equation being on the opposite side of the equilibrium constant, It finally made so much intuitive sense!

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+Jonathan Colin-Rizo Yep Mr. Anderson makes great videos that clarify science topics. Glad to see a med student using his videos.

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Good luck in your AP tomorrow guys.. Watched all 71 videos in less than 24 hours.

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TheSick83 It sure felt like it.

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Thank you so much Mr. Andersen! I never comment on KZbin, but I want to truly thank you for all of your chemistry lessons. I watched every video in this series and learned more than I ever had in high school. You are a hero to all students with incompetent science teachers!

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AP Chem Test tomorrow after graduating a semester early from highschool, I feel soooo much ready now after watching all 71 videos and taking notes!!! If you guys find this series early on I'd recommend AT LEAST two weeks before the exam to bingewatch all of the videos and take good notes (and then if you want binge-watch all Crash Course Chemistry videos and do the same), then go to khan academy to do a bunch of practice and the day or two before the exam to re-watch the entire playlist again! Thank you Mr.Andersen you explained this a lot better than most teachers!

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Dr. Andersen, I have watched your videos since AP Biology in high school and I am now taking college chemistry and these videos are still very helpful. Thank you for all that you do!

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Just finished watching all 71 videos in this playlist for my exam tomorrow!

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I have an AP Chemistry Exam tomorrow.....actually have a chance of passing it now that I've watched every single one of these amazing videos. Thank you for everything that you do.

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CONGRATULATIONS! Great visuals/animations in the series. Amazing work as always, Paul!

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Hell Yea, Just finished watching all your 71 videos in 42 Hours, great help man, now I'll just take the AP chem exam with only watching your videos , and will see how it goes :) Big Thank You

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How'd it go?

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@@iamhannahmontana1153 meh didn't break any records you know :D

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@@winedragon at least passing?

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My heart stopped for a fraction of second when you said "last video". 😂

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I'm from an Arabic country. I have a very important exam tomorrow and I didn't have anyone to explain what's Gibbs free energy or what's the chemical equilibrium . I watched all your videos about the thermodynamic system and the chemical equilibrium and you can't imagine how much you helped me to understand. I'm really thankful ❤

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Please give Mr. Andersen an award!!! Thank you for the series. Please make more content on Science. The NGSS videos were great as well.

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Thanks for all excellent videos. Thank you Mister Anderson.

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Paul you're a damn saint. Thank you for these videos because I feel so much more prepared for the AP chemistry exam than I did a few hours ago.

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Your videos have always helped in understanding these concepts. There's lots of video's, but for some reason I understand it best if you explain the concepts, a very big help! So thank you very much for making them :)

[@elainecarter8208]

Thanks for posting this video. It has really helped me bring together several concepts for an overall better understanding of the relationship between Free energy and the Equilibrium Constant as it relates to chemical reactions.

[@potaten2015]

Thank you so much for this. Much appreciated Mr. Anderson!

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Good job Mr Andersen!

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Thank you Mr. Anderson! Your videos are really really helpful! I am going to watch them again and make some notes to review.

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I've watched all of 71 of these videos for review so thank you!

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Excellent series as are Professor Anderson's other works. If he is not a Professor he should be. Thanks for taking the time to make these very informative videos. Mark Davis, MD.

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Ecell is an intensive property as it does not depend upon the mass of species (number of particles) but Δ r G of the cell reaction is an extensive property because this depends upon the mass of species (number of particles).

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[@devjyotinath1084]

Thanks for uploading this informative video. Is there any relationship between equilibrium constant and heat capacity? Is it possible to estimate the infinite dilution heat capacity of one component if the equilibrium constant and heat capacities of other reactants and products are known?

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[@johmcg64]

HI Bozeman Science, I was wondering, can you say at the completion of the reaction, what is the concentration in grams of the products and what is the concentration in grams of the reactants. If the concentration of the products is greater than the concentration of the reactions then it is an exergonic reaction and energy is released into the surroundings. if the concentration of reactants at the end of the reaction is greater than the concentration of the products, then it is an endogonic reaction and energy is required to make the reaction occur. delta G is a measurement of the amount of energy lost from the beginning of the reaction to the end of the reaction for the exergonic reaction and delta G is the measurment of the amount of energy gained into the products from the beginning energy of the reactants.?

[@ayodejiawotula3219]

Pls how can I calculate standard free energy Change for a reaction conducted at different temperatures but under non- standard conditions. I have got the value for enthalpy change & entropy change from van't Hoff analysis. I have also got the values of free energy change at the different temperatures. I need help pls

[@yadavshashankkumar]

cleared my doubt

[@TheSick83]

Is this part of your job? I mean you put in alot of hours of video time and the time with setting up what u present n talk about. Thanks for the video its great.. All of them are

[@kipling1957]

You explained the link between these concepts well mathematically but not intuitively. How actually (at the physical/chemical level) can reactant/product concentrations affect delta G? E.g., is there some sort of modulation of entropy? I have no idea! Maths has never "explained" anything to me, just rules for a numbers game.

[@shrooqelgohary1694]

Isnt delta G zero for rcns at equilibrium then is the G used in questions for the forward reactions to reach equilibrium?

[@joshwilkinson8966]

I had a question on a quiz yesterday that said. Delta G standard is equal to zero at equilibrium, true or false? I said true and got it wrong. Obviously I was like WTF..!? I messaged my professor and he said I need to understand the difference between delta G and delta G standard so I'm going to his office Monday morning to settle this mess out.

[@heidy3187]

Hello! I because a little confused around 2:00. Does that mean whenever K>1, we have an exergonic, exothermic reaction? Are all endothermic reactions also endergonic?

[@mamurshed1]

great techear

[@evanwoodske9149]

I was good until he said at 5:51 that positive change in G was exergonic??? negative Gibbs free energy is exergonic...soo I don't understand the end

[@thefunkids131]

Hi, I'm confused with the value of K, you mentioned the value of K can be neg or pos? I thought K = equilibrium constant can't never be a negative number rather it can be a very very small number but it'll still be positive (K

[@dho5411]

Michael C No he says that delta g (gibbs free energy) can be negative or positive. K can only be positive.

[@deniz-gunay]

You said K constant here is Kc. But some questions accepts K as Kp in this formula. However Kp and Kc are different from each other. So I am a bit confused :/

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[@EggzyEggzy]

you cannot generalise a spontaneous reaction as being exothermic/exergonic for example ice melts spontaneously at temperatures greater than 273K an endothermic reaction. therefore a reaction is spontaneous or not it depends on the environment as well as the bond forming and breaking. so whether a reaction is spontaneous or not it depends on the entropy of a reaction. as the universe as a whole moves towards more entropy, the entropy of the system as well as the universe must be taken into account when deciding if a reaction is spontaneous or not. for example with the ice melting the reaction is endothermic but the disorder of the H2O is increasing as water melts as the formation of a greater number of microstates of the water is allowed. therefore the reaction increases the overall entropy of the universe and the reaction is spontaneous.

[@mubaraktalal8722]

i am in grade 11 what is this??

[@Oliwolf78]

Good luck to all of you who are taking the exam tomorrow, I think I'm looking to get a 4. If I remember, I'll reply with my score.

[@erinmartin1646]

What did you get?

[@Oliwolf78]

@@erinmartin1646 I got a 4! Exactly what I was hoping for. I was able to skip a chem class in college thanks to it!

[@erinmartin1646]

@@Oliwolf78 Nice! Im taking AP chem next year, I hate science with a passion so I’m hoping I pass it so I can skip a class in college.

[@Oliwolf78]

@@erinmartin1646 I actually loved chem and science, but it was still difficult haha. Good luck with AP chem though! It's one of the hardest AP tests, but that makes it feel all the more rewarding when you ace it.

[@kq3165]

negative gibbs free energy does not always mean exothermic, and positive free energy doesnt mean endothermic. free energy and enthalpy are NOT the same.