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Empire Builders - Episode 2: The Roman Empire - A Millenium of Conquest | History Documentary
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The Roman Empire was the most powerful economic, cultural, political, and military force of its time - taking its place in world history as one of the largest empires. At its height under Emperor Trajan, it covered 5 million square kilometers, holding sway over an estimated 70 million people, at that time 21% of the world's entire population, controlling large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, North Africa, and The Middle East.
For 500 years, Rome was the world's largest city. The longevity and vast extent of the empire ruled for its entirety from Rome, ensured the lasting influence of Latin and Greek language, culture, religion, inventions, architecture, philosophy, law, and forms of government on the empire's descendants.
In this episode of Empire Builders, we explore ten sites that defined the Roman Empire. We begin at the battle site of Alesia in Eastern France where Caesar defeated the Gauls in 53 BC. His adopted son, Augustus, regarded as the greatest of Roman Emperors, expanded the empire during his 41-year reign and began many grand construction projects completed in subsequent decades. Among these were magnificent temples such as the Maison Caree in Nimes, France, and arenas such as the 6,000-seat theatre that survives in Merida, Spain. The Romans also built massive and monumental aqueducts like Pont du Gard, their highest, in southern France, and giant stadiums and arenas across the empire modeled on the Colosseum in Rome.
Rome's empire was built on power and conquest. They invented the victory arch. It's not surprising Rome's ingenious and groundbreaking building methods were copied by successive European empires and still are today. Perhaps Rome's greatest building was the Pantheon but we also visit great palaces such as Diocletian Palace in Split, Croatia, and huge public baths like those of Caracalla in Rome itself.
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