F. Breakoff Belt Magmas

[@Kevin-Tice]

One thing I like about this format, and in particular today , is I feel “learning together” as opposed to being “taught at”

[@BevClose]

BEV from AUSTRALIA 79YR OLD WHO LOVES YOUR CONTENT ESPECIALLY FIELD TRIPS. I HAVe WATCHED EVERY EPISODE SINCE 2020. I LOVED GEOGRAPHY AT SCHOOL. NOW TRAVELLING AROUND AUSTRALIA AND OVERSEAS I LOOK AT THE COUNTRY SIDE THINKING HOW IT WAS FORMED. THANK YOU, NICK

[@lesliepropheter5040]

And…. no finals!

[@guest6423]

Nick's gift is to create community around geology. I hope that everyone appreciates how precious this is.

[@dennydargan8731]

So glad to hear how well your bride is doing. Tell her we frequently think of her and wish and pray for the absolute best for her.

[@RonSimpson-Papa]

Thank you Nick. Fascinating to learn about all the evolving stories as they evolve. A year ago I didn’t know what terms like triple junction, slab window and slab breakoff even meant.

[@justinrogers5408]

Thanks, Nick. You are not only a great teacher, but you're providing everyone the latest and learning with us. It's really a one of a kind experience. Thank you!!

[@judithslay]

Wonderful to hear that Liz is progressing! Thank you Nick for sharing your wisdom with us. from Joliet IL

[@kenmunozatmmrrailroad6853]

Another wonderful program Nick; I’m glad to hear your wife is well. I picked up Marcia Bjornerud’s memoir… what a beautiful read. Portions of it tie in with your discussions tonight bringing support and cohesion to your presentations and dare I say, the living planet which we inhabit. Merry Christmas and keep doing the good work💪🏽

[@maxinee1267]

Still praying for Liz and her complete recovery. I watch recorded, because I can't get to live most times. I think its a perfect next step. its so clear. thank you for the claity.

[@jayolson578]

It was great to catch the live episode today. Watched the documentary “The Gorge” last night on Amazon Prime and was very surprised to see Nick at the opening and closing of the documentary. It’s official Nick you’re a movie star!!! Hope you and your family have a very Merry Christmas and Happy New Year🎄🎄🎄🎉🎉🎉

[@cindyleehaddock3551]

So glad to hear how well Liz is progressing and getting quality time with your son. Continuing prayers. Thanks to you and Jeff for another batch of brain food. May have to watch this one a few times...

[@timbyrne914]

Another very interesting episode. There are so many details to digest to keep this grounded in science and not just telling interesting stories, and you continue to do a great job mixing narrative and details for those who aren't experts in this. I've started to dust off my igneous petrology again to get ready for the Tepper episodes, but I'll be lucky if I understand a third of it. It's not conceptually difficult, but there are a lot of details to triage and keep in one's head to make sense of it. It helps having a sense of the big picture and which bits of details matter most so that I can concentrate on that.

[@pathorgan8643]

Fantastic the way these new sessions and prior teachings/videos are tied together to bring new knowledge and understanding!

[@xwiick]

Thanks for all the hard work on these videos!

[@CVee-ll]

Got to keep up with this set, thanks for the splurge! Speaking as a latecomer. All the Best to your family,

[@sharonseal9150]

Another great episode and so great to have such a lively chat going on at the same time. You have a knack of building community and bringing us all together - thank you Nick, and thank you Jeff Tepper for being a new part of our geology journey!

[@hughdanaher2758]

Having followed your videos since the start of 2020 each series provide a better understanding of geology and lets me refresh my own education in the subject. Thank you

[@KSparks80]

Don't think I could ever use a rock hammer without saying "Hi-Yaa!". lol Thx, Nick.

[@leightodd7335]

Well Nick I must confess I read some of the website post through and through, some I scan quickly, and some I skip over. I love that you do the hard work of compiling all the papers and relating information for the serious scientist and sometimes interested retired goobers. Thanks for making it interesting for this Okie.

[@diblust53]

Oh you betcha, I’m with you!!! This is sooooo fascinating! Hello from Canby, OR

[@yukigatlin9358]

😆Oh wow!✨I finally burnt in my mind the pic and the concept of Breakoff Magmas resulted by Siletzia accretion!! ...Lol..., after how many series, Yuki?! 😂Now, I can move on to read the sets of data to support it, thank you for making the geology fun to keep on learning as always, Nick and Jeff!!😘💞✨💙

[@jasongarcia2140]

❤

[@danielstevens5135]

I watch most of your videos, and most after you up load them, because I listen to them at double speed. I feel it is a treat to catch one "live". Thank you for all you do.

[@2whostruckjohn]

I only manage 1.5x speed. I need a few brain cells free to work on integration while I listen to Nick.

[@_Michiel_]

Excellent episode again, Nick! 1:27:20 I love you, you're so handsome! So! Now someone said it to you. 😊 Hugs to you and especially to Liz (for recovering so well) and Sam (for being an excellent son and caregiver). Love from Dreischor in Zeeland, The Netherlands

[@craighoover1495]

Thanks Nick.

[@eidrith493]

I am very sorry to hear about Liz's health problem. I was thinking of Lix several days ago as a role model of physical fitness and activity. Anything can happen to anyone anytime so we must be all grateful for the health and peace that we have.

[@jasonlawler9674]

I really loved the discussion with Erin. Go UNLV! Way to invest in intellectual capitol and real ground breaking research

[@kban77]

Yeah i really liked the format of today. And i like when things flow and meander as needed. We just like to follow your narrative and thought process. In whatever form it takes

[@jacotacomorocco]

Thanks Ned!

[@SueB369]

Thank You So Much for taking Your Time to Put this Information Together ! Coming from Colville Wa. 🌲

[@irenethomas6762]

Great episode!

[@BudKnocka]

The Break off belt lines up with gold mines…the summit creek magmas have quartz stringers and appears heavily brecciated from hydrothermal alteration…the edge of the belt composed of both farallon plate and Siletzia. I am wondering if at the break off edge there was magma that got rolled back towards Siletzia so there was magma on top of Siletzia being Em placed 49-51mya.

[@altheacraig2904]

Nick, it's good to see you again! You have taught me so much about the earth and everything else in the universe! Thank you!🐈‍⬛🐈‍⬛🧝My cats Teo, Twotwo, and me

[@altheacraig2904]

P.S. I'm in Auburn, WA

[@allencolvin4320]

From Chehalis. First time hearing about Liz. I can not imagine. I'm keeping you in my prayers also.

[@paulbrallier7028]

Love the papers with each program. I read them in batches.

[@Eric_Hutton.1980]

I always prefer to watch live. Today and last Thursday I've had to watch I replay. I've caught the Saturday ones live.

[@tick_magnetedschaper5611]

Only recorded and I read. Thanks!

[@JackMorningstar001]

Good stuff! Illustrations and Tom’s map are really good!

[@connellybrad]

Live vs Memorex: I like watching in Replay for the ability to stop, rewind, etc., on days I’m able to watch them. I’ve watched most of your A-Z series and love them, but I’ve only watched the beginning of ONE video Live, last week, then I had to leave, so I finished watching in Replay.

[@diblust53]

PS: love this format!

[@AmyBraden]

Every time you say UPS I think Dr. Tepper was taking shifts delivering packages for a minute until my brain catches up. 😂

[@janicenorman6712]

I may have my degree in Geology, but I love learning about the PNW, as we did not dive deep when I was in school.

[@peterprata4892]

Thanks Nick…

[@johncruser9853]

Greetings from the Rio Grande Rift, Embudo Fault Zone. Yes I want all the papers. Yes I want you to go crazy and riff on anything you want. Yes I watch the tweeter videos, please keep introducing us to these wonderful geologists.

[@Eric_Hutton.1980]

All is well in the Tepperdom today; and that is awesome.

[@glenncruickshank2859]

Skiing today, so I missed live. If I had, I would have asked this: The slab breakoff magmas start at 51.6, presuming the "start" means that's when they get to the surface, but I would think that an actual slab tear, then magma welling up and finding their way to the surface, would have happened hundreds of thousands of years before, so that might mean the slab started tearing as Siletzia began to accrete? How long does it take a slab to tear? If slab tear happens AFTER Siletzia docks, the magmas in the 48Ma timeframe make sense, but the early ones confuse me.

[@Poppageno]

I think what I am hearing; The crescent basalt formed 56Ma and started accreting @50Ma. This resulted in slab breakoff @49-48Ma and the formation of a volcanic arc, the Cascades @46Ma. questions; If the YHS made Yakaletzia and mantle plumes are stationary, 1) could the YHS also have formed either the intermontane(254Ma) or Insular(600Ma) in the middle of the Tethys Sea? 2) 56Ma the YHS was very productive, perhaps even 16-14Ma with the CRB's, Why isn't it productive for the last 10My producing lava?

[@thirstfast1025]

Around the 1 hour mark, you mention pillows, and how they form when lava erupts into water. Of course, I don't disagree with you on that, but I'd like to add something interesting I learned working on lithium pegmatite exploration. You can also get pillows if you inject hot, runny basaltic magma into a cooler, thicker felsic pluton at depth. They look almost identical, except that you get essentially no 'rind' around pillows extruded into water, whereas you get a thin felsic 'rind' around pillows that have formed in this alternate way.

[@barrydysert2974]

Merry Christmas all !:-) 🙏💜⚡

[@Poppageno]

If it was cheaper it would be very interesting to go to all the petrochemical bore samples and do Ur times for different layers all across the States. Map the underground strata in time.

[@ronlarson6530]

I am just here to say "Sorry Patrick"! 😅

[@InTheGarden1960]

Hummm, now I am wondering about the Wallowa mountains. Is it possible that from east of Pendleton, Oregon to south of Baker City, Oregon are from or a part of this Break off belt? It seems highly likely there is a break off history to this mountain range as well. I know there is uplift in the region. There are several different types of formations: ie, flat, rolling, clifts, etc...

[@ArthurDearinger]

before the Cascade range ... no ski slopes!

[@skyecooleyartwork]

With all this new knowledge, I'm now saying, "Give me a suture!"

[@loveistheanswer8137]

Try to Atchison the live if possible. If not I always catch the replay. I like the live chat as well, as there is often questions answered in it.

[@ronlarson6530]

Just a thought, if the break-off happened ~50 Ma ejecting into the NA plate, would've those magmas traveled west many 100's of miles or kilometers? The YHS can be tracked through OR, ID and WY. Is it safe to presume that Siletzia is being rafted along the surface of the NA plate to the west over the JDF plate? If there is a break-off of the plate allowing hot mantle to rise creating those magmas, wouldn't that be essentially a "Hot Spot" or "Hot Strip"? Did the break-off somehow cool off and heal so to speak. With hot mantle flowing to the surface it seems it would have a hard time stopping 😮

[@BlueDawnEnduro]

Part of your Idaho miniseries featured a geologist with imaging below WA which suggested the rollback break off? I think seismology data.

[@jasongarcia2140]

Sacred knowledge.

[@denisee9966]

You asked if we watch live vs recorded. I'm about a 50/50 mix. And you asked about the papers - I do read them all but not always on the first week when they appear.

[@2whostruckjohn]

Am I misremembering, or is the northern edge of the subducting Farallon plate down at the California border after breakoff, and it slides north through Oregon and Washington re-establishing the trench during the 40's?

[@RichardStephens-lq3ou]

QUESTION WOULD THE BREAK MAGMA EXPLAIN THE INTRUTIONS YOU TALKED ABOUT IN PREVIOUS VOLCANO SERIES

[@ConfusedBigWaterfall-oz4mm]

QUESTION: I’M CONFUSED ABOUT WHAT CONDUIT THE LAVAS USED TO REACH THE CRUST. VOLCANOS, FISSURES, ??

[@brentstratton2224]

I watch re runs, lol. I've alo gone through and read a few papers on my local geology.

[@curious1neueckeka692]

Janesville, WI

[@cykratzer3463]

Could it be that the 'slab break-off' is actually an accreted spreading ridge?

[@SpaceDraggon]

why wasnt there a volcanic arc before the accretion of siletzia?

[@skyecooleyartwork]

Docking of Siletzia doesn't seem to bring much uplift with it. Lots of folding, but not much vertical movement or raised topography. Is that correct?

[@treborg777]

Aren’t the magmas the cause of the big flood basalts in eastern WA? Those aren’t “cascade magmas”.

[@Eric_Hutton.1980]

The Columbia Basalt Group are the lavas in Eastern Washington. Those came from Oregon and darn near Idaho if I remember correctly.

[@treborg777]

@@Eric_Hutton.1980 yes, but did these tremendous flows originate from the plate tearing off & allowing mantle magma to rise up? I’ve not heard another explanation for such huge magma flows

[@johncruser9853]

How about the movement of the YHS? Were the flood basalts accruing during a later time than the cascade arc?​@@treborg777

[@mr.morelock]

@@treborg777 We'll see, I guess. As I understand it, Jeff Tepper explains that as the plate tore off and descended, it exposed the crust to the heat of the mantle on the East side of the torn, descending plate... allowing melting of the crust and the escape of the lavas. But I'm a casual viewer, not a student or expert.

[@BlueDawnEnduro]

What I'm learning from watching is those are much younger, when North American plate continued moving over the Yellowstone hotspot. It happened later - the Yellowstone hotspot left a trail of Caldera's and I think it's the one in Northeast Oregon / west Idaho that was the source of the eastern Washington flood basalt. Idaho miniseries.

[@marieagun3520]

YOU'RE SHOWING THAT SILETZIA AS SITTING ATOP THE FARRALLON PLATE. I WOULD EXPECT SILETZIA TO ACTUALLY BE PART OF THE FARRALLON. IF SILETZIA IS ATOP, THAN WHY WOULDN'T THE PLATE 'SIMPLY' PULL OUT FROM UNDERNEATH?

[@marieagun3520]

If Siletzia is part of the Farrallon, then is the plate now folding as the subduction continues under Siletzia?

[@johnnash5118]

The Siletz Terrane was theoretically the enormous magma outpouring of the Yellowstone Hotspot plume situated on the Farallon-Kula/Resurrection spreading ridge and was indeed of the plate itself; but the YHS plume out-poured magma at a rate much higher than the moving plate could disperse, thus forming a huge mass, a Large Igneous Province, 14 times the volume of the Columbia Flood Basalt Province.