Grand Coulee - Ice Age Floods - New Thoughts

CWU's Nick Zentner continues learning about the Grand Coulee in north central Washington.

[@samhklm]

You know with content like this television is dead. Thank you Nick Zentner.

[@swirvinbirds1971]

Seriously. I don't watch TV anymore except to catch live sports. There is just too much good content available here and elsewhere.

[@judgegixxer]

Agreed, I canceled my cable last year.

[@richinoable]

Word.

[@richinoable]

​@Anne Frank Vape Pen tell us😅

[@tadpolefarms631]

​@@swirvinbirds1971 Sports, other than Junior League, are too globalistic for my taste. Sorry for becoming political.

[@Vickie-Bligh]

I love how science never stops investigating. I love that geologists are pushing the envelope of what we know. Thanks for the education, entertainment, and presentation of our beautiful state. You're the best, Nick.

[@quantumbitz3473]

Genuine teaching come from a clear focus. Thanks for the continued series; captivated by your good nature and ability. Your lecture class is fortunate. Cheers Nick.

[@Siletzia]

How exciting, another chapter to the developing story of ice age flooding in the PNW. These episodes continue to amaze. Thank you, Prof Nick, again.

[@murraystewartj]

Nick, I love your stuff. You are living proof that a true scientist doesn't get excited about what they do know, rather about what they don't. Enjoy your summer of discovery.

[@DonnaCsuti-ji2dd]

So well put.😊

[@ImSarcasticOK]

im 22years old from norway. not really the guy in class who manages to learn quickly, you explain things very good and i learn from you. listening to a guy who actually has a passion for this is soo much fun. thank you for making these videos.

[@rayschoch5882]

I like the point Mark Earnest makes - this looks like another chapter in a developing story. I've been in this area so often via KZbin it's beginning to feel like home. If I lived in the Pacific Northwest I'd be out driving / stomping around looking at all the landforms, contours, rock types, etc. - the names of which I have not memorized, and can usually just barely pronounce. Fascinating stuff, and my thanks to Professors Bretz and Zentner. Keep it up!

[@Anne5440_]

Ray, I first moved to Washington in 1962 at age 13. Much of these decades I lived in Eastern Washington. From 92 to 2008 I had a side track to Kansas and Colorado. I moved back to the soap lake area in summer of 08. I decided one day to drive up the lower grand Coulee. When I got to Lenore lake I parked in the parking lot showing in this video. As I turned off the car it suddenly hit me and I said out loud "I'm home! ". I've always loved the dry falls area. I've been many times but never have had enough time there. So you are not alone in felling like it is home. BTW, the Coulee looks large in the video. But it is much larger than the video makes it seem. To stand in the bottom and try to imagine the water of even the Missoula floods above you is truly incomprehensible. I hope some day you can come see this state. It is amazing what is here.

[@BirchOutdoors]

I was born and raised in Washington. Always had a proclivity for rocks, mountains, and geology in general. I've been to most of the places you make videos about and I love sharing what I learn with my family during those long eastern Washington drives. Appreciate all the thought and effort you put into illuminating us about the amazing geologic utopia that is Washington. Many thanks!

[@barrydysert2974]

You are giddy with excitement Nick! It is wonderful to gain a fresh perspective on a well worn topic. You have the eyes of a child seeing the world for the first time... again! Congratulations! It brings great joy to me to see You absolutely beaming with happiness. i love You 💜 and God bless 🙏 !:-)

[@stevestackpole4042]

Wow! Love this idea! A whole new wrinkle to this big story. Keep going with this. Thanks Nick, your excitement is infectious.

[@williamasher9659]

Nick I want to thank you . I am a 55 year old Bozeman Mt based mule Geologist who has gained greatly from your hot mike self pep talks . I have made self talk a daily routine with great success . Your lessons have deep impact. God Bless you

[@richanway5204]

For us arm-chair Geologists who are always looking for new and exciting content, I say to you Mr. Nick that was 28 minutes of the best "on the edge of your seat" commentary you could have ever asked for. I salute you sir, and Thank You Dearly.

[@dogcarman]

Since ME/CFS took over my life my days going walkabout were over. But through these videos you walk for me, Nick. Thank you. ❤

[@efhalter]

Mind blown Nick and thanks so much. I'm about to spend 4 weeks in this area in June and July and have a Masters in Glacial Geology (not used much during my work life but now that I'm retired I'm getting back to it). I'm fascinated by this entire region after passing through it last summer and I so appreciate the work you're doing and service you're providing to put out these constantly evolving ideas. Keep the great work doing coming and maybe we'll run into each other :). The thought of another waterfall complex larger than Dry Falls boggles my mind!

[@warpeace8891]

I am subscribed to about 90 youtube channels and my 12yr old son asked me.... 'if I could choose only one youtube channel which one would it be?' The first one that popped into my head was Nick Zentner. This video is another reason why.... an honestly, genuinely passionate look at one's surrounding. Just like humans have been doing from the first humans. Without agenda or bias you follow the evidence wherever it leads and give respectful credit to all involved. Thank you Nick for doing what you do and sharing it with us all.

[@rickenbackerboy4123]

Summer of '61 and I'd just finished 1st grade at North Hill Elementary in Seattle. Dad was inspired to take the family's yearly vacation at Grand Coulee Dam and Lake Roosevelt. En route in our '56 green-and-white 4-door Ford Faiirlane, I stared in complete awe at the lunar landscape that was the coulee. I've been fascinated with Eastern Washington's geological history ever since that magic summer. Watching Nick as he crunches over the trails and 'round sweetly-scented sage bushes ... it's like watching Dick Proenneke build a cabin in the Alaskan wilderness: you can actually feel your blood pressure go down and your sense of well-being and purpose rise to the surface. Thank you Mr. Zentner ❤️

[@yukigatlin9358]

Oh WOW!😄 Nick, I'm very excited to keep track on your new developing thoughts on older maybe more significant Ice Age Floods from Spokane glaciations hundreds thousands years ago!!💫💗

[@patriciasmith7604]

I'm 82 and remember learning about gondwana land as a possibility when I was in grammar school. I was hooked! Your students are lucky to have such an enthusiastic and curious professor and I''ll be watching you in future.

[@dr.billschlosser7983]

Brilliant, Nick! Keep weaving this tapestry into a magnificent rug. It is now in your hands. We are all with you and waiting for the next chapter, or page :)

[@tgchism]

Refreshing to see someone so excited about work they been in for 30 + years!

[@denisee9966]

Listening to your videos is MY idea of a good time!

[@percybyssheshelley8573]

The geology of the great state of Washington is absolutely fascinating. The strikingly dramatic structure of the coulee area and the mind-boggling timeline of the events contributing to its creation holds such fascination it's little wonder Prof. Zentner can't leave it alone.

[@russellbarndt6579]

Oh my, I so appreciate how humble you are and so willing to accept and learn new information. Really got my respect Mr.

[@anniegooden5084]

I am traveling to Ellensburg to hunt for agates before heading to MT, ID, and OR to check out the local geology along my route and do some gem mining for my birthday month! Hopefully someday I will get to see one of your public events there in Ellensburg. I am an alumni from MSU Bozeman ('99) and you have revived my love of geology now that I am living in WA. I'm a huge fan!! 🤩

[@rogerwalker2242]

Dear Nick, I started watching you about 3 to 4 yrs ago. I didn't like school and could have cared less about geology. I'm now 60yrs old and absolutely love and am fascinated about this subject. Where were you back in the late 70s? You have a way of making learning fun!

[@DonnaCsuti-ji2dd]

Think of all the minds now stimulated and thinking about the questions together coming to various conclusions and through investigation and discussions helping others to come to some new and different conclusions . Really so exciting.

[@pauldickman4379]

Thank you Sharon, wherever and whoever you are, for finding that paper! Sent us all in an exciting direction.

[@ionizer24]

Really enjoying your revelations. I always thought it was too simplistic to put all the erosion down to one glaciation event. Keep it up. You definitely are not boring!

[@richinoable]

The energy comes thru the KZbin somehow. It's like spooky action, at a distance, bringing excitement to those of us who remain entangled. Im glad the energy focuses on the geology, which my dad turned me on to. ( He was into Wyoming) Thanks!

[@gabepurpur]

I love your channel so much! Our regional geology is so fascinating. Thank you for making these videos, Nick.

[@rwnelson51]

Sitting on a Talus slope in the lower Coulee reading Bretz with the1947 illustrations -- just the best Nick!!! Humble Thanks!!!!!! Mammoth.....

[@davidcoleman757]

Greetings from the UK. These videos were so fascinating that I arm-twisted my brother into a road trip to the Scablands a week back. I didn't have much time in the States, but boy was it worth the drive. I've never seen a landscape like it, and your posts really helped bring the scene to life. The Dry Falls took my breath away. Oh, and those map illustrations in this video are fabulous. Thank you. I look forward to your future musings on how this marvelous landscape evolved.

[@gregwarner3753]

Thank you for these presentations. My lady (deceased two years ago) and I became fascinated by these geological events. We did manage to visit Missoula, MT about five years ago. Unfortunately we did not continue West to the Scablands. Your videos help me realize what we missed. I do not have the energy for another PNW trip this Summer. I do, providing the doctors can figure out my anemia, plan on traveling to Nova Scotia and Newfoundland to observe the landscapes and geology of those places. Not to mention the food, music, whiskey, and women. That will be an interesting trip. Again, thank you for your work. GregW

[@anna-lisagirling7424]

Your recent posts with Jerome and his shared passion for the Ice Age Floods have stayed in a prominent place in my daily navel gazing exercises! I hope you can find the time to share your future insights and wanderings for your fanbase out here who are insatiable 🤔! I can no longer climb and kneel among the rocks and rivers and your explorations help me enjoy a quality of life a lot of my peers in their dotage often can't fathom! Once a friend, after listening to our accounts of our last road trip through the Rockies in Canada, asked in amazement, "You mean you guys drive for days looking at ROCKS?!" Of course we do 🤓 I can't thank you enough for this latest brain calisthenics session.

[@DonnaCsuti-ji2dd]

Totally agree

[@johnslater1460]

As a rather long in the tooth retired maths teacher in the UK, I love your posts. I used to grapple (physically!) with the geology of the Cuillins on the Isle of Skye and the Torridon mountains further north in Scotland and marvelled at what had happened there in the past.

[@guiart4728]

Good stuff and again, the difficulty of grasping the enormous passage of time in a geologic sense requires constant recalibration of our sense of the process. Thanks for recalibrating my brain this morning!!!❤

[@patsyshafchuk5368]

Never apologize for a passion to learn and teach. : )

[@louiscervantez1639]

You are never boring! This is exciting! Thanks to Sharon.

[@grandmamichelle6753]

As I tell my grandkids, learning is fun! My uncle taught me a lot about glaciation in Minnesota. Your videos are fun to watch.

[@boba9253]

It does not surprise me that Bretz realized the pre-wisconsin glacier(s) were more instrumental in the carving of the scablands. Being a midwesterner, Bretz was aware that the same phenomenon shaped the great plains and eastern landscapes, and very obviously in his home state of Illinois. I have long wondered where all of the outwash basalt was deposited, which should be enormous, if this happened during the last glacial cycle. Very good to hear, looking forward to more!

[@mpetersen6]

Of course depending on just much ice is built up into a glacial advance the more potential erosive power that melt water will have when the glacial advance ends and the interglacial begins. But that erosive power will depend on just how much water is impounded in glacial lakes that is then released in outburst floods. If the melt water is released in one continuous gradual glow I would expect the total erosion to be less. On another note. Just how much does sub glacial flow have to do either fast continental glaciers disappear. Do they erode as much as they melt?

[@daveisnothere]

I have wondered the same all while I was researching the Missoula and Bonneville Floods. The sheer volume of rock and dirt should be evident somewhere, but where? Some say it is off in the ocean, but looking at satellite views I'd expect to see a bulge of debris, but dont, so unless I missed it somewhere. I also wondered where the moraine went that would have formed where the ice stopped in the Clark River Valley. There are some hills there but no other evidence of a moraine. A moraine would have stopped a lot of the water from going under the ice, no one ever has mentioned it..... ever.

[@davidcooke8005]

There is a huge section just south of the coulee that fans out like a river delta for miles. Somewhere on KZbin is a video about it. I've driven through it, The whole area north of Ephrata and south of Soap Lake is one giant boulder field.

[@pbrynes]

I was right where you were seated last week as part of the Ice Age Floods Institute’s “Rock Out” meeting tour of the Dry Falls area.

[@Rachel.4644]

Excellent, and the side view made all the difference in my understanding. New info keeps turning up, and Sharon, big thanks. (I was just thinking about that box of rocks and how carefully they were documented.) It's fabulous for us that you want to learn, and share Nick! 👍🏻💕

[@amariebeaubien]

i love older scientific papers--because it seems pre-1970s/1980s, these papers are all easier for me to understand. This includes mathematics papers on abstract algebra etc., engineering papers, oceanography, meteorology, and geology papers. nowadays papers are written in languages only people in extremely specified fields can understand. I love finding hidden gems in older papers!

[@jimrf1137]

I have done this hike before. Now I understand what I did not see before. Right on thanks.

[@kayafternoon9045]

Beautiful soft colors today

[@gaiseric22]

I like the direction you have taken in your quest. Lead on.

[@Utahdropout]

Nick. Wow...!! Very interesting. This whole period of geologic activity is just fascinating to me. I grew up in the Salt Lake Valley looking at the marks of the shorelines left by Lake Bonneville and wondering about the events that caused them. The way that and all the other ice age events in the western states would have been amazing to witness. I share your love of the search to uncover the sequence of events. Thanks for sharing.

[@Cherijo78]

Those caves are a great hike with kids! My kiddo loved exploring there! Those are neat revivals of literature! There is so much written down in old obscure books that gets lost. I ran across an out of print book about the old coal mining towns around the Carbon River near Mt Tahoma several years ago that had fascinating history. It was one of those 80s compilations with the crappy, black and white printed photos and everything that someone had taken the time to write down and put together, and while the small time publisher could still do another print run, there's a minimum amount and it's way beyond my personal ability to get a new copy. In the meantime, the old copies are wearing out in the libraries and getting lost. It just goes to show you that there's a lot of history and thought decaying in old out of print books on people's shelves and in libraries that needs preserving and to be more easily accessible in the modern information age! Thank you for those wonderful thoughts!

[@exracer2727]

As a former truck driver, I have driven up and down through the Scablands, Palouse, and Columbia Gorge areas hundreds of times. I always found it interesting, but with content like you provide, I would have looked a lot more closely. I wish I had known more.

[@Forestgump12able]

The SHEER SIZE AND MAGNATUDE OF IT ALL IS BREATHTAKING. AND THEN AFTER TIME SOMEONE STARTS COMPREHENDING WHAT THEY SEE. THEY REALIZE, THE PUT THEIR UNDERSTANDING REAL EYES ON IT. WITH A BRAIN. WOW.

[@Foxxorz]

Your content is endlessly fascinating, and really changes how I see the geology of the area I live in.

[@petrichor649]

Thanks Nick, I have developed an interest in these ancient floods and know more about this part of America's geology than my native Thames Valley.

[@lb8848]

Great story. Keep it going. We're with you, Nick.

[@tonynicholson3328]

Not long ago, if I looked out at the scene at 1:06 , I would simply have said a river has cut through here, thanks to you, I see a more complex story, and the more I look the more the story retells itself, adding a chapter at a time, cheers.

[@brickevious]

Recently my girlfriend asked me what my favorite word was. After thinking about it for a while, I told her it was "coulee." I wouldn't have ever heard that word if it weren't for you Nick! Excited about this video.

[@mpetersen6]

Be careful to explain the word and that it has no possible cultural ramifications in todays world.

[@toughenupfluffy7294]

@@mpetersen6 The two words are spelled differently. The one that's an ethnic slang originated from the Hindi word kuli, which simply meant 'day laborer.' 'Coulee' comes from Old French. It meant 'to flow.'

[@mpetersen6]

@@toughenupfluffy7294 I know that. But you can't assume that someone will know that you are using the geology related word and not racially charged one.

[@frannysinclair2613]

Nick, I would love to hear you sing the Grand Coulee Dam song.

[@MrJeffTrader]

Nick - your videos are incredible. Thank you for sharing your knowledge with us.

[@RobertJohnsonmusic]

Prof. Z, your summation of the earlier, Spokane glaciation--described by J. Harlen Bretz ninety-nine years ago--is absolutely intriguing. Although I sat in virtually in your Geology 351 classes years ago, I now envy the current crop of students who are completing a term with concentration on your ice-ages flood stories. Thank you!

[@RobertJohnsonmusic]

Thank you kindly, Sir!

[@RICDirector]

I love watching your brain fizz...and it is contagious. Thank you!

[@oldengineguy]

Another thoroughly enjoyable talk Nick. Thank you from Alberta Canada!

[@marksinger3067]

Nick is still the brick.. The morning java and your video is waking me up..

[@garybevis8691]

Your love of Washington and Northwest area geology makes me think about the history of geology in this state (Washington) and this makes me very happy Nick, thank you.

[@goldnlab]

Thank you for actually practicing science professor. I enjoy your content very much.

[@goinwheelin]

Thank you for continuing to put out great content. Maybe one of these days we will cross paths and I can thank you in person. These little chats out in the field are informative and relaxing.

[@gordonormiston3233]

Thanks Nick for putting a new perspective on such an amazingly beautiful place. 🐻

[@markp.9707]

The folding happened when? It has to be in the last 16M years. All of the erosion happened after the folding of the Columbia Plateau at least with the Spokane Flooding. How many layers of basalt were eroded away? This is awesome work. Love it! Washington geology is so impressive. I can’t wait for the next chapter of the story.

[@Rocket39Smoke14]

Glacial Lake Columbia was > Glacial Lake Missoula by X. X= ? This is going to be a GREAT Summer. Thanks Nick!

[@ChuckHickl]

This popped up in my feed based on my enjoying geography videos and I will tell you it is one of the best videos I have watched regarding such a specific topic like this. Well done and those are some lucky students.

[@kc7brj]

Fantastic lesson! And it all fits...shaping our minds to fit the terrain.

[@ksphinney1]

Just passing through from Orem Utah and stopped at Vinmans. And now a you tube lesson. Great day

[@DevinBest]

Stoked on these new thoughts and theories from looking at old bibliography and research. It in parts reinforces Bretz's research, but also brings to light how the area might've looked like millions to even thousands of years ago. Cheers from Omak!

[@TjBruce817]

I travel south out of BC down the Okanagan valley from Canada all the way through Washington into Oregon for work. Thankfully I have found your work here on KZbin, I have a better understanding of what they heck I am marveling at when i drive through this place. As a Geology nerd, it is both a fascinating and beautiful area. Thanks Prof. Zetner for the up loads, I feel after going through a lot of your past content over the years I have a far better understanding of what made this incredible place.

[@phillipgregory9021]

nick....you are an excellent teacher!!!! kudos!!!! thank you pg

[@briandevoe730]

Much respect to you Nick ! Your a true scientist. Any man who can stand back to observe a new view , perception , or latest study is more of a scientist and problem solver than the brain locked individual who focuses on dogma . Thank you sir! You have inspired me to drag my disabled ass across this territory as a part of my bucket list and am completely fascinated by your studies.

[@Bassbari7889]

Thank you for you skill at bringing your knowledge to the masses.

[@tracygallaway36]

Thanks once again Nick! I really enjoy learning with you, and this story of the earlier glaciation and flooding is fascinating to me. Your style is very informative, and you trigger my imagination!!

[@janketza0206]

Looking at you sitting there at the Grand Coulee I am blown away at the valley and trying to imagine the amount of massive water that went through that space. Modern man has never witnessed an event of that magnitude and hard to grasp. Geology is so darn exciting!

[@noel3422]

Actually it is not known if modern man had whitnesed one of these massive events since there were many.

[@janketza0206]

@Noel I just saw a video on PBS in which they animated the flood on a massive scale. It was incredible. Part of my Phantasmic Abstracts I create are based on the idea of massive amounts of water washing down mountains into canyons and then rivers. I've been thinking like this for 30 years, developing my art technique.

[@cthulhuhoops7538]

​@@janketza0206I didn't know phantasmic art was a thing until I read your comment. I thank you random internet stranger, you have enriched my mind.

[@gagarinone]

Thanks for taking your time to record and share your knowledge. Greetings from Sweden.

[@mwseed4015]

Thanks for the video, Nick. Greetings from Marshfield High School in Coos Bay, Oregon. My class watched it today and I was able to answer a lot of good questions. Thanks!

[@Anne5440_]

Thanks for starting with the hanging valleys. I've always wondered about those when I'm there. To me the lower Grand Coulee is the heart of this amazing state. I've always been uncomfortable about the Missoula floods being the whole story. As I've been with you on this floods story I've had a growing feeling that there is more and older story than Missoula. It began to start growing with Joel's first Waterville plateau channels video. The mild curiosity turned to how do I learn more when Skye Cooley talked about the deposit at the George gravel pit. His saying that deposit is from about 100k old lit the light bulb. So I for one am delighted that you are looking for more knowledge! This is making the story much more interesting. I am one who doesn't accept simple solutions. Yes it is a glaciation story but more than one glaciation has to be involved.

[@hansbaeker9769]

It makes sense that there would be somewhat similar floods during earlier interglacial warm periods. Of course, it's easy to see how the more recent flooding would obscure signs of older flooding.

[@SuperOlds88]

Wish I would have known all this 50 years ago when I hunted and fished all over eastern Washington. I always was impressed with the landscape especially at Banks Lake.

[@castironwood]

I look forward to a summer of discovery with you Nick Zentner.

[@lorenmorelli9249]

Excellent!! You have a true gift and unique ability when it comes to the conveyance of knowledge... Thanks!! 🤠

[@susanliebermann5721]

Love this "new" old thought stuff! And while we're discussing glaciation, it would be instructive to send some of your students up to Curlew to the Boulder Creek Rd. immense field of glacially deposited granite erratics on the ridgetop! Find out how long they've been sitting there...which glaciation dropped them and why there? Was there a sudden meltdown? Keep up the great videos!

[@skagited9617]

Hi, Susan... Just finished watching the vid... noticed you had commented and wanted to see how you were doing. I imagine 'school's out' for the summer, and you're out roaming around. Almost went to Ellensburg on Friday, but other things popped up. A 'NE Washington tour' is a 'desire'.... hopefully I can turn it into a 'reality' sometime this summer! Hope all's well, Ed...

[@dharmadove]

Fantastic Professor ! Wish had you for my Geology studies when I went to UNCC in '77. Got a dual BS in Geology/Meteorology. We didn't study much west of th Mississippi, my teachers focused on the Appalachian geomorphological stratus. Being a spelunker I did my Senior Thesis on the Flint Ridge cave formation. That was before the Mammoth Cave extension. I am a big fan of JH Bretz. Had a original cooy of "Caves of Missouri", unfortunately gone now. I started reading it a a kid, my budding days of Cave explorations. '68, I was 12... Great stuff... Your videos have really taught me so much about PNW Geology. Maybe I should follow up and get my MS degree with your guidance. Keep it up this summer, lots for me to learn. 👍

[@stevemitchell4801]

Nick,you’ve got me hooked. I’ll be following along.

[@brucemarston5344]

Thank you professor for the opportunity to experience the magnitude of time and geology. Your geologic sleuthing is mind boggling and educationaly entertaining. I have learned a lot about myself from your time lapse programs. Don’t stop digging because we are all in the pile.

[@raymondkudlak7310]

Hello Nick, just landed on your channel today not having planned to do so! Fascinated with the revelations you are pursuing as I have been slowly consuming presentations on KZbin related to the Younger Dryas event and it’s effect on the North Carolina Basins and speculation as to a major Impact of a presumed Asteroid or Comet. A long time ago while on business trips in Oregon and Washington, I had little knowledge of the Scablands. So, I have now entered a stage in life where my investigative interest is solely for my edification and enjoyment. I will be viewing your several KZbin videos and related videos of others. I am not a true scientific minded person, having only a BS/BA in Marketing and Management earned in1966 at Fenn College which became Cleveland State Univ. In my final year. Your style and ability to link A to B to C to D has kept my attention in a subject not at all familiar. Thank you, looking forward to more knowledge of this subject from your perspective. Ray

[@JJ-oq7tm]

This new program style is awesome! Your talks are great, but these vids brought geology to a whole new level! Thanks.

[@gailsoor1015]

Thanks, Nick for staying so curious and inquisitive! I'm going along for the ride with ya.

[@fredmunson8952]

Thank you Nick for the updates. I love this.

[@doncook3584]

When I hunt remote areas in my home state I often ponder whether indigenous peoples ever stepped in the exact spot I stepped on. When I see areas Nick walks through (the rubble beneath the cliffs 6:00 minute mark) and prior to the establishment of a park/recreation area; whether those same peoples ever walked there. Grounds a person. Eerie feeling. Love to imagine

[@brandonjohnston7746]

Your the best nick, thank you for these videos, your feeding my brain with exactly what it wants lol, if I could only be out in Washington in the field with you I'd be so happy. Be safe out there don't get too hot, we love you professor, gotta love it!!

[@ajmiller7102]

Very interesting....keep up the good work. So refreshing to see a geologist taking a new look at the history of the land forms. It seems that here in NC, the geology focuses mostly on mining and economics associated with it. It also seems that many of the geologists are satisfied with the work done in the 1800's and early 1900's without expanding the geologic story. Many, many thumps up to you for using your knowledge and expanding into new views on the story.

[@mpetersen6]

To many people that is the whole purpose of geology. And to state or national geologic surveys it primatily is. Perhaps a subfield of geology that studies landscapes and how they formed could be called Geologic Cartography or Geologic Geology.

[@mbvoelker8448]

I wish there was someone like Nick doing this for North Carolina. My adopted home has such a lengthy and complex geologic history, but the information isn't particularly accessible and is generally lumped into the general summary of the Appalachians. I'm at the northern edge of the Sandhills with only the vaguest idea of what lies under the sand-with-clay-lenses or how far down it extends. I'm guessing there is a coal layer because my well has a sulphur smell. (Being from western PA, I'm accustomed to the idea that a sulphury well means coal).

[@cthulhuhoops7538]

​@@mbvoelker8448What about the Carolina Bays? Huge fascinating mystery there.

[@stephen627]

Just staggering Nick. Keep this stuff coming baby..pour it on!

[@sharonewidow6027]

Would be awesome if you would write some books on all this fascinating geology. Thank you Nick :D

[@daveisnothere]

If Bretz wrote that the scablands were eroded initially by the previous ice age floods why was he so adamant about Lake Missoula being the cause of their formation when he argued with Pardee and the others? I have been pouring over information and maps of this area for 15 years now and what you are saying now, Nick, is more in line with what I have been seeing since the beginning. Knowing that the Spokane ice sheet was much bigger than the Wisconsin answers a lot of the questions I had formed over this time. I had been thinking that 20,000 cu mi of ice sheet would have eroded the scablands a lot more than 500 cu mi of a lake draining, but if we add in a larger ice sheet melting on top of the 20,000 cu mi sheet it kind of makes the Lake Missoula draining look like a drop in the bucket in the grand scheme of things. Edit - I had heard according to a couple sources (which I cant remember at the moment) that there have been a few ice ages in the last 2.5 million years, any of which could have contributed to the landscape of eastern WA.

[@mpetersen6]

Any of which? All of them to some extent.

[@daveisnothere]

@@mpetersen6 True, that's what I meant. Just a lot of the older evidence gets erased over time.

[@atravelerintime3930]

Nick, 20 years ago, when I was teaching Leadership at Olympic College, in Bremerton, my wife and I took off in our Motor Home and spent 3 weeks chasing the floods and roaming from Missoula to Eugene. We were using the "Cataclysmic of the Columbia" book as our guide which I had picked up at the bookstore at the Dry Falls Overlook a few years before. I have always been intrigued with Geology and over the years have wondered why I never pursued that as my major. I grew up in Cottage Grove, OR, and spent much of my free time along the Pacific Crest trail hiking the Volcanos in our backyard. I now live inside an old Volcano Crater in a remote village in North Central Java in Indonesia (Mt Muria). Moving here 9 years ago has awakened my interest in Geology. Love your new videos. I met a Geologist in Central Idaho, that worked for Midas Gold up at the Stibnite Mine, hat told me you were the reason he became a Geologist. His name was Sam (sorry, can't remember his last name). He was one of your Students at Central, possibly 10 - 15 years ago. You have made a difference in many lives and continue to do so today. Cheers

[@atravelerintime3930]

Nick, your ex-student was Sam Fields. He is still in Idaho at the Stibnite mine and has been promoted to the Head Geologist for the project. Cheers

[@greghelms4458]

Great content. Love your work and Myron Cooks work. Both of the areas you guys predominantly work in are extremely interesting to me.

[@johnjunge6989]

Really was thought provoking! Good stuff.