German G7e Torpedo 1941

[@podunkman2709]

What a masterpiece! Each single mechanism explained in details. Huge amount of work but worthy.

[@cogito5939]

I can't even imagine how much effort should it take to meet combat reliability with this level of complexity. It can be achieved only with extraordinary high engineering and production culture.

[@PHOBOS1708]

they were not very reliable

[@jamegumb7298]

@@PHOBOS1708 No torpedo in those was hugely reliable. And it was mostly failing to detonate, not going off early killing the crew. An issue which was helped tremendously by improved warheads, detonating more reliably.

[@m.streicher8286]

@@jamegumb7298 Long lances were very reliable, just don't be near one when it takes damage

[@havardhovdet9217]

@@jamegumb7298 Most german operational torpedoes were quite reliable after the technical issues related to the "torpedokrise" before 1942 were sorted out (that is the G7a(TI), the G7e(TIII) and subvariants + the G7e(TV)). I have never heard of any german torpedo "going off" early and killing the crew... The formost problem with the torpedoes was tactical, ie actually hitting the target.

[@hansharz9934]

@@havardhovdet9217 or rather exploding at the target, since the magnet ignitors turned out to be unreliable

[@arturnietoperznowak7905]

the torpedo itself is the pinnacle of engineering. It is an incredibly precise and thoughtful mechanism of great complexity. The complexity of the systems is shocking, but it is also absolutely wonderful to think over technical solutions (it is a pity that such a miracle of technology was used to kill other people). The fact that the torpedo is a master of engineering is one thing, but the other thing is that your work on this presentation is a lot of effort and power of knowledge! I am shocked by the enormity of your work. I bow my hat down to the ground and I am shocked by the enormous wealth of your work !!! You are master!!!

[@NothingBootz]

"Its pity... other people". We would be still be apes if our brains werent capable to make the first axes, bow and spears to win of a more primitive clan. The modern human being is a filtrate or left over of an almost endless ammounts of strugles and hardships, where you had to outwit the other parties technological advantages. On the background, economics, healthcare and many other developments is assisting our chances in breakthroughs, the small little bits that make us lose or win. People dont grow faster and intelligenter brains out of its own or out of miracle. We had primiteves in europe, see the cave paintings in France, its the dumber part of our family that got wiped out. From a familly one child is doing better than the other one in school, and nature hardships, is selecting them to go trough and make he next generation or not. All what lives, overcame strugles, for it wouldnt exist in the beginning, and with such things requires offence, for there would be no food on your plate that way, perhaps we see animals not even as possible threats but see them mainly as food to consume. We lost the interest of thinking as them as fellow combatants, the only real danger left to us as animals (plants are also self living organisms, i dont think they would like to be consumed by vegetarians) are just other humans. Its a breakthrough in evolution, no other organism is achieving as much as we do, we outwitted our competitors, we wouldnt be alive otherwise. These machines belong to us, if not we would be overthrown eventually.

[@prototypeinheritance515]

Amazing how much engineering was necessary to solve the problems of electric torpedos

[@timjohnun4297]

And it's still going on today. Having electric torpedoes in the 1940's speaks volumes for the tech the Germans had back then

[@sovietheart3883]

@@timjohnun4297 Type 93 torpedoes were muuuuuuuch better

[@wolframsmith5]

the Germans never stop making wonders

[@wolframsmith5]

@@notbraindead7298 so does pretty much every major powers in the world

[@notbraindead7298]

@@wolframsmith5 No nation on earth has slaughtered humans in the numbers that Germany has and would again if given the chance.

[@morkovija]

Outstanding quality. KZbin's finest right here

[@ErikS-]

You did a more than excellent job in both modelling, explanation of the different mechanisms and the procedures of (launching) a torpedo. Your videos are clearly underrated versus other channels.

[@shanepatrick4534]

Best naval animations on youtube!

[@cleptuno]

This is the best 3D projection explained video I have seen in KZbin. You sir have earned a new subscriber.

[@reidcushman3562]

Awesome graphics. Tells completely and eloquently how much engineering and process goes into something as "simple' (by today's standards) as a 1941 torpedo. Great video.

[@notbraindead7298]

Until I saw this, I had no idea of the level of complexity and the number of different technologies required to function in a torpedo.

[@udokrause832]

Sie konnten die Helden doch nicht sterben lassen! Ist aber ein böses Teil!

[@bufallobiff]

As a Torpedoman in Uncle Sams' Navy during the last days of the Mk. 14, I was surprised to find that, other than propulsion, the control mechanisms and exploder were very similar in operation......excellent video

[@havardhovdet9217]

Nothing to be surprised by: American torpedoes were initially based on the design of the Whitehead (Italian) and later Schwartzkopf (german) torpedoes that was purchased by US Navy, which later copied them under license by E.W. Bliss Co. (I'm ignoring the Howell-torpedo and other creative american "torpedoinventions" during the late 18th century). Most effective torpedoes can be traced back to the original Whitehead-designs, so it's easy to identify the internal mechansims of most wet-heater torpedoes from ca 1870 to 1960.

[@wonderwang1585]

What a great amount of preparation work before firing!

[@cirno9356]

well these things werent cheap

[@oetken007]

Incredible engineering!! Thank you for this exzellent demonstration!

[@tylermohr1812]

I spent 3 hours marveling over this incredible feat of engineering in person at the Chicago Museum of Science and Industry and could not stop trying to decipher how it worked! Thank you to whoever put this animation together!

[@1SaG]

Incredible work - I can't imagine how much effort went into this video. Keep them coming. I'd be especially interested in seeing a FAT and/or LUT explained in such amazing detail.

[@junkers66]

Just amazing the detail and quality of the animation and information provided. Excellent piece of work! Hats off.

[@AdamOwenBrowning]

An absolute hidden gem of a channel for my nerdy mind. I will subscribe and spend half my afternoon watching these I think ;D

[@stevefriswell5422]

Outstanding work. Well done and thanks for bringing it to us.

[@colvinator1611]

Brilliant detail of technical stuff. I didn't realise that so much was involved. Thanks a lot.

[@peterstein4682]

Simply fantastic 3D rendering. Awesome to say the least. And so much technology they put into this. 80 years ago mind you! IMPRESSIVE!

[@yaknbike1357]

This is an amazing video… thank u so much for the detailed explanation of how these torpedos worked. It’s way more complicated than I thought. Again great job

[@rhysmodica2892]

Thank you so so much! I was waiting ages to see how this one came out. I had no idea just how much maintenance was required to keep them heated and charged. Now when my crew in SH3 (with full interior) get tired all the time in that compartment, I will have more respect. I had no idea about the hydrogen either. I guess I never considered it. And you're the first person I've seen that shows me how the Vorhaltrechner interfaces with the torp. The only thing I'd love to see now is the steam powered A model. Thank you again!

[@rhysmodica2892]

Also one question, regarding the hydrogen. At one stage, during the animation, the hydrogen was removed by means of an extractor system during charging. But during the heating process, it just shows the LP compressed air being blown in, which shows the hydrogen being vented over the side. Where does this hydrogen go?

[@vbbsmyt]

Hydrogen gas, mixed with the air in the battery compartment, is vented out of the torpedo though the vent valve (05:32) and into the torpedo compartment (torpedoes in the reserve storage compartments) or through the open torpedo rear doors. I shudder at the idea of leaving the rear doors open all the time, but this is what the Instructions imply. Then the hydrogen is extracted by the ventilation system and mixed with the whole submarine atmosphere, which dilutes it well below dangerous levels, until burnt up when the diesel engines are started.

[@rhysmodica2892]

@@vbbsmyt That's what I thought, but my dad didn't believe me. So thank you for that confirmation.

[@ellesmerewildwood4858]

Marvelous engineering. It never fails to amaze me just how much clever engineering and how much effort humans invest into killing each other.

[@cutterboard4144]

and the amount of tax money spent on weapon manufacturers instead of spending it on the people.

[@anglosaxon244]

yep!.they have made them much more simple and efficient now!!the biological weapons of mass destruction!!

[@erlienfrommars]

Just look at nukes, it took the biggest brains of the world working together just to kill nearly 200K people.

[@albertocolombo8063]

Stunning video, for accuracy, details, phisical explainations and 3D effects. Really impressive!

[@buckwaddell301]

What an awesome video !! Kudos to you for making this !! I am excited to watch the others !!

[@randyhavard6084]

Great video, whoever put this together must be pretty dedicated.

[@chrv2956]

Very good video. Pleased that people like you take the effort to make things like this so that others can learn.

[@hansharz9934]

Thanks for your work. My brother, who is quite a capable German engenier is impressed.

[@georgegourlay9950]

Just found your page and that was an amazingly interesting video on how these torpedoes worked, thankyou..

[@cipofly]

nonostante sia un elettrotecnico non immaginavo che stoccaggio manutenzione e uso fossero così laboriosi e complicate . splendido video dove nulla e lasciato al caso , davvero bravo un notevole lavoro 👍

[@agwhitaker]

Bravo ! Excellent, finely crafted technical video. Clear and concise.

[@Brentissamo]

I don't stop to comment often but I just have to say - these are incredible videos. Absolutely love the torpedo series. I would love to see a USN Mk.14 (early war variant) and IJN Type 19 if you ever get up to making another wet-heater video. Seriously excellent work.

[@MrAjay3234]

This is the 3rd video I watched today on US/UK wet-heater torpedos and this torpedo by far was a technological marvel of its time. Those Germans and their engineering know how always sets them apart. Thank you for the kickass background music 👍🏻.

[@zazazagabor]

Congratulations ! Amazing work. Excellent explanation !

[@michaelcottle1032]

Loved the video, this is the reason why i just dont leave youtube yet. Keep on the good work

[@fabiohaddad2531]

The control engineering employed is ingenious. Please accept my compliments for your work, you are the best!

[@justeunfan3364]

Wow its impressive, both the ingeneering and the quality of the video, for me it is an instant subscribe !

[@Totas-ej7pu]

Great Viedeo of impressive Technic in Times without micro processors!

[@kryla79]

Замечательное видео! Удивляет, как автор смог всё понять как нужно и так доходчиво объяснить весь процесс обслуживания, подготовки к бою и пуска торпеды. Наверное, она и вправду была такая дорогая, как описывалось в фильме "Подводная лодка". Жаль, что без русских субтитров. Мысленно жму автору руку!

[@nd5301]

Много где читал, что она стоила примерно как пол Мессершмидта. Теперь я понимаю почему. Твоюж мать, все привода и гироскоп оказывается на пневматике работают. Это что-то нереальное..

[@diegoana1230]

Beautiful Graphics animation!

[@victorschoung6368]

Excelente video, muchas gracias. Muy bien detallado. Un gran trabajo.

[@spec19krish]

The animations explaining very well. It seems like more work is done in animation then in the torpedo itself. It is very good

[@DimisD]

Wonderful modeling and animation. But above knowledge! Thanks. Incredible engineering from the designers!!!

[@Ingyar]

Fascinating... Now i see why torpedo loading times took so much in Silent Hunter sim... :) Great video. That's a lot of work done by the author. Appreciated!

[@jinsoochoi6432]

What a masterpiece!

[@ricoramos9864]

Excellent job of explaining and depiction.

[@joeyd1404]

i'm hypnotized by this!

[@robertdrake4013]

SMH me also. Still taking it in 5 minutes after it's over. Wow just wow 👏

[@kiwihame]

Wow. Your animation is a much a masterpiece as thst torpedo. Incredible. Thank you so much for sharing.

[@_tyrannus]

I was eagerly waiting to see German submarine torpedoes on this channel, this one didn't disappoint. Is there enough open source data to hope to some day see a similar animation of the G7a? How about models with more advanced guidance such as the Fat, Lut, or the infamous G7es acoustic torpedo? Thanks for your work.

[@vbbsmyt]

I have no plans to make a G7a model as it uses the same parts (Gyro, Depth gear, servos, warhead and pistol) as the G7e. The propulsion is a straightforward compressed air - wet heater - 4 cylinder radial Brotherhood type engine that I have already illustrated in the British Mark 2 of WW1 model. I can see nothing new or radical about the G7a engine. What is interesting are the advanced mechanisms. I have hope of getting drawings of the FAT mechanism inside the torpedo, but despair of finding the torpedo LUT mechanism drawings. As for the G7es Kaunkönig T V, I don't have the drawings and anyway only 761 T V were fired of which only 112 hit (14.7%). Infamous? I would much rather model the US Mark 24 'Mine' (accoustic anti-submarine homing torpedo - Fido) from 1943 - if only I could get the drawings.

[@_tyrannus]

@@vbbsmyt Thank you very much for the detailed answer, really appreciated. Makes sense that the G7a would be redundant and thus not so interesting to model other than for completion/reference. Fingers crossed you do get your hands on the drawings for FAT/LUT mechanisms. As for the T V, I admit that "infamous" was over-blowing it considering its actual impact, especially compared to the Mark 24 which would be fascinating to see. (Any plans for this one, by the way?) My wording was more about its perceived danger, which as for a lot of late WW2 German weaponry (V-2, Hs 293, Me 163, Wasserfall...) was far exceeding its actual impact on the war - other than further draining scarce German resources.

[@havardhovdet9217]

@@vbbsmyt FAT and LUT manuals with drawings (I'd have to check what variants) are available in archives and museums (NARA, TNA, BaMa, Danish and Norwegian National archives and armed forces museums) - same goes for at least partly G7es(TV) "Zaunkönig" and G7es(TXI) "Zaunkönig II" torpedoes. Some private collectors in Japan and US have original german manuals as well.

[@SammyM00782]

Are we over there playing UBoat by chance? 🤣

[@notbraindead7298]

@@vbbsmyt I am truly awed.

[@ahmettaskn5687]

Logical stuff which are done by mechanical solutions are always impressed me.

[@evoltnvii]

Just staggering watching your animations bravo 👏

[@cassidywest5539]

Good God. I'm amazed that his even worked given how much potential points of failure there were.

[@JohnDoe-es5xh]

Made in Germany, not anywhere else.

[@cassidywest5539]

@@JohnDoe-es5xh Yep, just like nazism. Thanks for that and advancing the technology to kill people. Germany has always been the best of neighbors.

[@jameson7276]

@@JohnDoe-es5xh Based on the Whitehead design, which is Italian.

[@Constance_tinople]

@@JohnDoe-es5xhit was notoriously unreliable for the first few years it was in service

[@niocalsgreogiro]

Wonderful work. I always wanted to understand how it works and finally I can know it in detail. Thanks 👍

[@anselmdanker9519]

Thank you for your detailed presentation. Keep it up.

[@sdgardner1954]

This is why I am a patreon of this content maker...Pretty awesome.

[@markwarner3227]

amazing technology for the time it was back then. Thank you for making the video.

[@miesp61sleepytimegal]

Highly appreciated. Many thanks

[@DeathOnSernpidal]

This was extremely informative and helpful. Thank you.

[@heanvisalseyhak9487]

I’m glad KZbin recommend it to me now I found your channel It is a,aging

[@flankerchan]

Awesome. I like it. Especially the hydrogen gas formation mitigation.

[@navigator_071]

For me this would be a life's work. Have no word, incredible, like usual!

[@igorlikesp38]

Excellent video, thank you very much!

[@whisthpo]

Excellent work! Thank You!

[@againstmachine498]

this video itself is a technical marvel

[@mtkoslowski]

What a clear animation of how this worked. Great!

[@Finoramadhan10-hu5bw]

Thank you, now i can make one

[@slashman3363]

i never expectet that they had such a magnificent mechanic back in the days.

[@user-ce4zm7bm7z]

Outstanding work, incredible!

[@renattoharrison3797]

Your video is a work of art

[@terrystephens1102]

An excellent presentation. 😃👌👌👌👏👏👏👏

[@MinecraftGamer3.0]

The best animation from this Channal!

[@hopefullylost4012]

Magnificent. The Masterpiece!

[@chesucat]

German Engineering at its finest!

[@Constance_tinople]

This is such a funny comment to leave on such an unreliable torpedo model

[@peha688]

Astonishing. How this device is complicated. And it was 80 years ago'

[@herrakaarme]

I've always thought the acoustic homing torpedo is the real apex of what could be achieved before transistors were in use. It's pretty crazy to think that already in WW2 there were fire and forget weapons!

[@rearea784]

These videos are so fascinatingly detailed that given some time someone will try to replicate these torpedoes

[@lonzo61]

Thsi vid is why I keep coming back to youtube. There is so much crap here, but this is great stuff. Well done.

[@snowdirt62]

Excellent presentation. Thank u 👍

[@nickylarsen6207]

outstanding work !

[@DanMullins-y7c]

Amazed by the fact gyrosensor and tilt-trometer in essence...

[@notbraindead7298]

Incredible amount of hard work and technical knowledge to produce this video. Thank You.

[@megatwingo]

Very interesting. Thumbs up! :)

[@dengudomlige8644]

Excellent as always!

[@valmorumann6840]

Uma engenharia incrível ,muito a frente do seu tempo. Eram e continuam a ser pessoas de primeiro mundo.

[@Samuel_Davillo]

Thank you for making this

[@micultimy91]

And this is another reason why germans lost 2 World Wars. Thank you very much for these beautiful cinematics. Respect!

[@scruffy2629]

Wow!awesome!so intricate,and ingenious!thank you, :)

[@помарсупилами]

Great job! Thanks!

[@anthonyxuereb792]

I noticed a similarity with the depth servo slide valve operation and a steam loco admitting/exhausting steam for the drive piston.

[@garethblake3941]

Excellent video. Dam clever these Germans, but a very complex design!!!

[@Woad25]

Neat stuff, I had always assumed that when the tubes were flooded the water came from outside the submarine, never figured it was internal to the sub. Learn something new everyday :)

[@amargwari2431]

Flooding from outside water would give away the sub on the SONAR (This does too but not that much)

[@havardhovdet9217]

There's a lot to comment here, but initially you need to get your designations straight... The torpedoes were designated by their official "torpedonummer" in roman lettering, ie Torpedo Nr Eins = TI, Torpedo Nr Zwei = TII, Torpedo Nr Drei = TIII and so on. The number was given in turn as the various torpedomodels were declared ready for operational use. Variations in the main design was noted with a small arabic letter, like "TIü", "TIIIa", "TVb" etc. "G7a", "G7e", "G7es", "M5", "F5", "G7u" etc are just generic designations giving basic information on the torpedo's dimensions, type of propulsion and (if fitted) control system - they are not references to a specific torpedomodel. For instance, there were 20 different G7e torpedomodels (ie torpedoes with 533,4 mm diametre, 7 m lenght and electric propulsion). I have explained Kriegsmarine's torpedodesignations in this Wikipedia-article: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_World_War_II_torpedoes_of_Germany Regarding the claims of pistols being used: There were a certain number of allowed combinations of warheads, pistols and torpedoes, as well as an additional number of technically possible combinations that could be allowed by the torpedoarsenal in certain cases if the situation demanded so. These matters are described in Kriegsmarine's "Technische Dienstvorschrift Nr. 194 Torpedo-Kopf-Pistolen Tabelle". Kriegsmarine had 34 operational torpedomodels in/or ready for service by may 1945. For these torpedoes they had 18 different models of warheads and 36 different pistols (some heads and pistols were only in use for a short time during the war though, or was just ready at the end of the war and probably not fielded). For the G7e(TIII) torpedo, these heads/pistols were allowed: Type Kb or Kb1 head with Pi2, Pi2a or Pi2c pistol. Technically, the following combinations were also possible, but would only be used by special permit if the (logistic) situation demand so: Type Ka, Ka1 or Ka1 head with Pi1, Pi1a or Pi1c pistol. The different warheads varied in terms of: * Material (steel or bronze) * Way of manufacture (with/without internal spants) * Type of explosive charge (seven different types used) * Method of charging (pouring of melted explosives, or stacking blocks) * Placement and size of airpocket ("diafragma") on top, and lead-ballast in bottom * Size and shape of pocket(s) for pistol(s) and conduits for elctrical cables The different heads was entered into service at various times during the war, and saw different lenght of service. The head in the video is hard to identify, but it mostly resembles a type Ka, gerät nr 501 B 1203 (bronze without spants) or gerät nr 501 B 2003 (steel without spants). However, the Type Ka head was a pre-war produced head, so it was only used as long as stock lasted - probably never on a TIII. Kriegsmarine's first operational torpedo - G7a(TI) - was introduced in 1933-34, and the second - G7e(TII) - in 1936. The G7e(TIII) was fielded early 1942. The G7e(TIII) model was used on the Kriegsmarine's main seagoing submarines though the war, but it also had several subversions with various alternations for specific adaptions/usages both on seagoing as well as midget submarines: * G7e(TIII Fat II) * G7e(TIIIa Fat II) * G7e(TIIIa Lut I) * G7e(TIIIa Lut II) * G7e(TIIIb) * G7e(TIIIc) * G7e(TIIId) * G7e(TIIIe) I don't have time to comment on specific details in the video/animation (except you obviously need to alter the colour of the aftsection - it's the same steel as the batterychamber...), but here's some reference litterature to seek out for, on top of my head, in relevance to the TIII: * M.Dv.Nr. 687 Wartung der G7a und G7e gefechtstorpedos in U-Boote * M.Dv.Nr. 688 Torpedo G7e Beschreibung * M.Dv.Nr. 689 Torpedo G7e Zeichnungen * M.Dv.Nr. 690 Torpedo G7e Bedienungsvorschrift * M.Dv.Nr. 794 Torpedo abschlagzünder PiG7-AZ * T.Dv.Nr. 194 Torpedo-Kopf-Pistolen Tabelle There are more of course: For each operational torpedo there was a set of 3-4 handbooks (drawings, description of design and function, maintenance and posible handling routines aboard). Also, there were spesific technical manuals for the handling and launchsystems on the submarines/surfaceships/shore batteries. There were also separate manuals for the pistols, the gyroscopes, the programsteering mechanisms (Fat/Lut) +++ There's also a large number of various handbooks for shooting/tactics etc for torpedos onboard the various types of submarines... (M.Dv. 303 series, 304 series, 416 series etc). Also, there's a wealth of information to be found in post-war allied reports from research/evaluation of german torpedoes (I have litterally hundreds of such documents, and that's just the top of the iceberg).

[@adrien5834]

Did you like the video?

[@roberthawxhurst3717]

Thanks for finally implanting the incredible complexity of torpedoes into my head.............Being negatively buoyant how did they ever retreave it on test firings?....

[@vbbsmyt]

The practice head, which is the same size as the warhead, contains a depth and roll recorder, and other devices to help locate the torpedo when it stops (noise maker, light, smoke generator) but is filled with water and weighted to match the warhead weight. It also contains compressed air flasks, so when the torpedo reaches its end-of-run, the water is blown out of the practice head, and the torpedo should then float nose-up. The longer running G7e pattern running versions (FAT and LUT) had a larger and heavier battery and simply blowing out the water in a standard practice head was not enough, so these torpedoes had a telescopic practice head which expanded when filled with air, giving sufficient buoyancy.

[@roberthawxhurst3717]

@@vbbsmyt .....why does the video show and detail the adjustability of the duration of the torpedos travel.It even states/shows MAX for war use. It details the "testing" setting. Did you watch vdeo?...Contrast with USN going into WW2 with never tested torpedos that all failed.

[@vbbsmyt]

The US did test their torpedoes. In fact every single torpedo accepted by the navy had been test fired to prove it ran, and ran ‘correctly’ (using a practice head so that it could be recovered). One of the problems with the Mark 14 was the way they connected the hydrostatic depth piston to the sea using a small tube. They forgot the Bernoulli effect, which meant that when the torpedo ran through the sea at speed, the Bernoulli effect ‘sucked’ the water at the piston face. This lowered the pressure, and the torpedo thought it was shallow so it ran deep. However, when testing and setting up in the shop, the Bernoulli effect was not present, and the depth gear was spot on. Mistake no. 2 was that the practice head, which held a depth and roll recorder, was also connected via a small tube and so that it also experienced the same effect. As a result, the test firing records showed that the torpedo was at the correct depth even though it was running deep. It was not until submarine skippers fired torpedoes through a net to measure the actual running depth that the powers-that-be could be made to accept (and investigate) the anomaly. I am not going to comment on the disasterous Mk6 influence pistol or the poor design of the impact fuse - that relates to the warhead, not the torpedo. And to my recollection, they did fire 2 live torpedoes fitted with the Mk6 influence fuse for testing. Only one went off.

[@roberthawxhurst3717]

@@vbbsmyt Frustration over claim all torpedos were tested prior to acceptance and then listing all the problems/defects that caused them to fail to sink targets ...Please read a book on Logic and you hopefully will grasp the falacies rampant in your statements. Then stating the warhead is not part of the torpedo, oh Lordy!

[@havardhovdet9217]

@@roberthawxhurst3717 Although english is my second language, I feel that "test" (besides during development and in workshops) and "practice" is bad terms to be used in this regard. Testing of torpedoes after manufacture is ranging, and I have never seen "practice" shots referred to as anything else than exercise shots. A new torpedo was always "tested", or ranged, which is the proper term. This was both to determine the proper technical function as well as the individual consumption of lubricant, pressurized air, electrical charge (for electric propulsioned torpedoes), fresh water and fuel (for wet-heater/combustion propulsioned torpedoes). All data from the the ranging were recorded in the torpedo's protocol (in Kriegsmarine called "Torpedobuch") which followed the torpedo, and were all actions like maintenance-routines, repairs, transfers, exercise-shots etc were recorded. Consumption-data were used both to determine how much to fill the torpedo (mainly airpressure) before an exercise-shot according to the desired runningdistance, in order to maintain positive buoyancy after end of run, as well as keeping track of possible technical problems as you'd always measure remaining levels to see if comsumption changes over time. Kriegsmarine was very restrictive in regards to exercise-shots with their electric propulsioned torpedoes, due to the batteries being rather delicate and not designed for high volume usa/recharges (common also for modern torpedobatteries, were special resusable batteries are used for exercises and the single-use warbatteries are kept in storage). It was standard practice to set maximum running distance for a warshot (unless the tactical situation dictates otherwise). For an exercise-shot you never set a longer distance than you "need" to achieve the purpose, within the scope of practicality/safety etc. (this is of course more relevant for a longdistance wetheater than an electric torpedo though).

[@tac-cobserver3788]

Lengkap Thanks for sharing herr kaleun 👍

[@Troy-Echo]

Kudos, beyond a job well done!

[@brianswan3559]

Awesome and informative with some great solid modelling.

[@AKAHEIZER]

Boah, das war gut animiert und erklärt!

[@demos113]

Lovely work as per usual. :-)

[@Grrymjo]

Thank you very much for your amazing work. I will greatly appreciate if you would be so kind as to make the animation of the Japanese Type 93 or "the Long Lance" torpedo.

[@vbbsmyt]

I cannot locate drawings, so NO

[@havardhovdet9217]

@@vbbsmyt The US Navy secured tons of technical documents on both german and japanese weapons, including most of the torpedoes. The documents were not microfilmed, the originals were kept in the naval archives and not transferred to NARA as most of the other captured material which later was returned back to the original owners. I saw a list a few years back, and these documents were then still in storage in the naval archives at the Navy Yard in Washington DC, still classified as well (probably just a technicality though). It's a huge annoyance of course... :-/

[@mks8151]

I love your works, never stop

[@liebermalnachfragen]

sehr schön gemacht ! Vielen Dank dafür......Vielleicht kommt ja mal der "Zaunkönig" mit akustischem Suchkopf.

[@MisteriosGloriosos922]

Thanks for sharing informative video!!!