Gluconeogenesis Pathway Made Simple - BIOCHEMISTERY

GET LECTURE HANDOUTS and other DOWNLOADABLE CONTENT FROM THIS VIDEO
SUPPORT US ON PATREON OR JOIN HERE ON KZbin.
/ medsimplified
Gluconeogenesis (GNG) is a metabolic pathway that results in the generation of glucose from certain non-carbohydrate carbon substrates. From breakdown of proteins, these substrates include glucogenic amino acids (although not ketogenic amino acids); from breakdown of lipids (such as triglycerides), they include glycerol (although not fatty acids); and from other steps in metabolism they include pyruvate and lactate.
Gluconeogenesis is one of several main mechanisms used by humans and many other animals to maintain blood glucose levels, avoiding low levels (hypoglycemia). Other means include the degradation of glycogen (glycogenolysis),[1] fatty acid breakdown.
Gluconeogenesis is a ubiquitous process, present in plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, and other microorganisms.[2] In vertebrates, gluconeogenesis takes place mainly in the liver and, to a lesser extent, in the cortex of the kidneys. In ruminants, this tends to be a continuous process.[3] In many other animals, the process occurs during periods of fasting, starvation, low-carbohydrate diets, or intense exercise. The process is highly endergonic until it is coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP or GTP, effectively making the process exergonic. For example, the pathway leading from pyruvate to glucose-6-phosphate requires 4 molecules of ATP and 2 molecules of GTP to proceed spontaneously. Gluconeogenesis is often associated with ketosis. Gluconeogenesis is also a target of therapy for type 2 diabetes, such as the antidiabetic drug, metformin, which inhibits glucose formation and stimulates glucose uptake by cells.[4] In ruminants, because dietary carbohydrates tend to be metabolized by rumen organisms, gluconeogenesis occurs regardless of fasting, low-carbohydrate diets, exercise, etc
~-~~-~~~-~~-~
CHECK OUT NEWEST VIDEO: "Nucleic acids - DNA and RNA structure "
• Nucleic acids - DNA an...
~-~~-~~~-~~-~

[@aizamd]

It is important to note that oxaloacetate cannot cross outside the mitochondrion. It has to be converted to Malate, which will be transported to the cytosol via Malate-Aspartate Shuttle. Malate (now in cytosol) is then converted back to oxaloacetate (because of high amount of NAD+ in the cytosol) allowing phosphoenolpyruvate kinase to catalyze it into phosphoenol pyruvate. 😊

[@AnkitaSingh-wh2qq]

Thnxx for the information ❤

[@dylanmuneku9291]

Thank you very much

[@Jelieto]

Ok I'm here to learn a bit about a low carb high fat diet and I have absolutely no idea what you're talking about 🤣

[@nathanhaigler8139]

Very clear description. Thank you

[@patiencechepkorir5596]

True Aiza....thumbs up 😌 for being keen

[@juststudies8341]

4:38 The enzyme used to convert Phosphonenolpyruvate to Pyruvate is Pyruvate Kinase not PFK1. It's written in biochem textbooks and can also be found online when you search for step 10 of glycolysis

[@osamaaldweik]

100%

[@HanSoloxcs]

Yeah..fuck this video.

[@madanmohanmishra7407]

Yes bro you are correct actually small mistakes by him during editing,and copy and paste mechanism

[@shaistamehdimehdi3038]

Yes

[@MegaFadzai]

you're right.

[@fajarqadeer5505]

Your channel makes my concepts always clear. This is really superb way to understand anyone.

[@drmidhunj.n4571]

Best explanation in short time every found in internet. Thanks for explaining once more about Glycolysis

[@sariasultan5370]

wait the enzyme which converts PEP to pyruvate is pyruvate kinase not phophorfructokinase

[@hasithaliyanaarachchi3648]

u ar correct..its not PFK

[@alons222]

yes you are right!! terrible error!

[@MrPridizzle]

Saria Sultan good eye, good eye

[@mohanjr]

I saw it even me right now

[@DrSultanV]

I saw it and I rolled down to see an explanation and here you are lol

[@mistercrab3552]

I'm a Masters student in Biomedical Science and this has helped me way more more my lectures have. THANK YOU.

[@aniketdas7803]

Very helpful. Explain the topic in a very crisp and profound manner. Thank you.

[@victorvk2506]

thanku so much. this video helped me to understand gluconeogenesis.

[@DrSultanV]

very helpful and simplifying, but please avoid mistakes such as the pfk mistake in the step 10 of glycolysis. this could be misleading for students who are having an exam. at least put a correction in the comments or the discription.

[@jadumonigogoi403]

no donations no corrections,correct ion can be done at glucokinase/hexokinase,phosphofructokinase/pyruvate kinase, malate/oxaloacetate shunt. huh.

[@ALMLSAN]

Hexokinase also converts glucose to glucose 6 phosphate. Glucokinase does the same job but specifically in the liver. Thanks for the video 👍

[@Natasha_Mirza]

Glucokinase is 4th form of hexokinase. So you can also say it hexokinase.

[@yadinoori7372]

@@Natasha_Mirza yeah i was about to reply with that

[@rimshasaif6026]

Such a great videos...splendid.. May u get success in every field.. Plz do it on anothers topics of biochemitry.

[@allinone-ps3ou]

Sir I am watching your channel from last 1year I really love the way you share the topics to us,becouse you have been teaching us sir I have started my channel on KZbin just getting inspiring from you i started my channel last weak only,I really thank you a lot for making me inspire sir.

[@merlinjohn7381]

Channel name ?

[@saptashreegavali7363]

Thankyou soo much !!!!! U really help in understanding biochemistry easily 💛

[@drdineshraja5335]

Great outline of this pathway sir👏👏

[@prashantbhandari7953]

4: 38 it is Pyruvate kinase not phosphofructokinase. BTW good 👍video.

[@pinakichall5462]

4:38

[@jhanavijhanavi3958]

Wah!!! What explanation it easy to understand and write by own thanks alot sir ur explanation is superb 🙏

[@aishwarya6362]

Found it on the last day of preparation. Helps a lot :)

[@HR_51_FBD]

Can you make me understand....in more simplified way..

[@diptiranjanbiswal6277]

Itz. Amazing Lecture __100% understanding thnks to MedSimplified

[@vinniedolly716]

Dear Sir, your videos are excellent. Please make a video on glycogenolysis also.

[@darkmaster1803]

I like your videos. They are short and easy but please don't make mistakes in enzymes or steps.

[@dr.baleeghwsaby8829]

ههههههههههههههههههههه صح

[@divyabalani7382]

very useful video at last I got it thank u so much medsimplified...

[@jagan2058]

very easy to understand the concepts and steps...pls add more topics

[@faridalam798]

This is the best I have ever seen

[@NagulanMusical19]

I think glucokinase which converts Glucose to Glucose 6 phosphate, only can be found in the Liver. Usually, Glycolysis can occur in all cells, so Hexokinase is the one that would replace glucokinase.

[@nasreenkhan694]

Thanks it's very sufficient and helpful

[@rasikawade9852]

You explain in the simplest way possible..just one request please try to cover the portion in details

[@abdulraimi766]

HELPED ME A LOT THANKS MAN!

[@dhoom2080]

this channel helped me ALOT , much thx for u

[@rayaroy519]

You should also mention that Glucose to G6P is converted by Glucokinse/Hexokinase as Glucokinase is only present in hepatocytes and B-cells of pancreas.

[@chandakumari9299]

Made it clear , voice was good too ☺

[@ahmadayyash3032]

Thaaank you very much I like your videos so much Best wishes

[@ayubabukarosman985]

From somalia thnks , for u lecture, it is very nice

[@shifanashifana35783]

Thank u so much sir....all ur videos are really awesome and i can understand well....can u please make a video on HMP shunt pathway ??

[@shehlamahr9621]

Thanks a lot sir...Its really very helpful.. 💖 JazakAllah JazakAllah 🙏

[@itsnourrr6699]

cute you are muslim

[@mahimkhan7351]

can u upload mechanism step involved in glycolysis wth some tricks so that we remember structure involve in reaction steps

[@jordanc9100]

I was under the impression that gluconeogenesis could be classified as the creation of new glucose from non-carbohydrate sources - i.e., shuttling fructose into gluconeogenesis at the liver so it can be released to the rest of the peripheral organs as glucose.

[@shaktisingh2742]

Thnx dude got the notes for gluconeogenisis😉

[@bethusilegamedze946]

Glucose is converted to G6P by enzyme Kinase and it's called the phosphorylation step(1st step) and ADP is converted to ATP as it is energy investment phase with the cofactor Mg2+

[@mohammedalmutasim4630]

it,s very simplicity thank you

[@saherali6662]

best channel ever

[@mak8721]

I like your videos sir. These are helpful

[@dr.baleeghwsaby8829]

انت مبدع شكرا جزيلا لك from yemen thanks

[@srikantpanda7993]

NIce Explanation Thanks

[@EasyMedEasyway]

Great work broda.👏👏😍

[@gulzareen3182]

Best teaching method 👍

[@MdSteel7]

Great video thank you :)

[@aishuaish3763]

And also...the oxaloacetate inside the mitochondria is first converted to mate which is transferred to cytoplasm where it again become oxaloacetate

[@jessicap713]

thank you for this!! saving me in my macro metabolism class!

[@hellohari85]

Pyruvate-->Acetyl coA-->OAA-->Malate(crosses mitochondria) ---> PEP ( in the cytosol)

[@sanjaykumarskr579]

Verithanam 🔥🌟

[@punyaprasadini]

Thank you very much sir. ❤ from Sri Lanka

[@MEDSimplified]

Most welcome!

[@TheMGPforlife]

Thankyou ! Great revision for my metabolism exam 😄

[@MEDSimplified]

+TheMGPforlife most welcome

[@devkumarrathva1580]

sir this video is helpful for mbbs ?

[@avinashavi3465]

thank you

[@gamearena4259]

Thank you so much

[@user-ui8yk8qd9m]

Thank you so much sir from Maharashtra

[@balwankaushik8666]

Please make more videos of biochemistry like on HMP shunt ,proteins metabolism , ketone bodies etc

[@aardishasah2949]

Thank you❤ so much 😊

[@whatapainx5420]

The best explanation 👍🏻👍🏻👍🏻👍🏻👍🏻👍🏻👍🏻

[@Supra_green_505]

This video help me in my project 😊

[@kaldanHamil]

Oxaloacetate is impermeable to mitochondrial membrane it is converted to malate and then transported to cytosol and oxaloacetate is regenerated by malate dehydrogenase enzyme

[@07akshayar46]

Your videos are super 👌nice. Put videos for Amino acid metabolism and lipid metabolism. Fast As soon as possible.

[@chaitalichakraborty7023]

It really helped me

[@tejashreedurgi2935]

Superb sir thanks very much

[@moka100original2]

Thank you.

[@sayalisarode8686]

Your lec are best ... 👍👍

[@nidhivijendershakarwal3550]

Plz upload video on few topics of molecular mapping of genome like RFLP, RAPD ,AFLP

[@viralvideosfunnymemes3668]

Very helpful

[@athiraraj8854]

Please make a video on HMP shunt, your videos are just easy and good

[@hkhan4553]

How amazing ❤🔥

[@masalakshmidevi2810]

Thank u very much. It is a nice video . Try to make hmp shunt also.

[@drumartinez1918]

man this stuff is like better than khan academy, very nice work

[@syedwaqar-1944]

Nyc sir N ur voice is osmmm 👌👌👌👌

[@sudharsanr4299]

Plss Upload video on pentose sugar pathway, nitrogen metabolism and nucleic acid metabolism it will be helpful for my exam

[@musikaaffection8570]

Thank you soo much sir 🥰✌️

[@sandipchauhan6593]

Thank you sir 🙏

[@spiceup4100]

Very Good 🙂

[@ahmadalosman4110]

Thank you

[@Vinaysanaofficial]

Thanku so much sir

[@aditiboro4123]

very nice. also glycerol part of fat and not fat is converted to glucose

[@spiceup4100]

Thank you sir

[@sarahjohny162]

Very helpful😊

[@passionareeramshaikh9396]

Sir keep making videos like these Students like me needs graphics and sketches to understand things And u are making understanding very good

[@Enanyeli]

Thank u !!! so much

[@Sanbonita1]

4:37 The enzyme should be pyruvate kinase. Please heed this.

[@iliyasuharuna5906]

qn excellent work

[@rohinirao7466]

Please upload protein metabolism..nucleic acid metabolism video...

[@caleb6709]

How often and in what amounts does this process actually happen during fasting? I've hear of gluconeogenesis happening with amino acids, but I think fatty acids actually convert to ketone bodies, not glucose, during fasting that lasts more than 24-48 hours. I'm willing to be that this reversal of pyruvate back to glucose happens on a very small scale, or maybe a temporary emergency situation when glyocogen stores are extremely low. I'm also willing to bet that muscle tissue used for energy is low as well during a fast. It only makes sense that during fasting, the body is smart enough to utilize the stored fuel in adipose tissue as it's primary source.

[@caleb6709]

Also, when it comes to fatty acid metabolism; two glycerol backbones of triglycerides can form one glucose molecule. Perhaps this is what you mean't by fatty acids being converted into glucose. This form of gluconeogenesis happens on a small scale as well, but it does portent that dietary carbohydrate intake may be completely unnecessary.

[@sindhu6510]

im literally happy

[@gouriiiiii]

I have a doubt. When glycerol is used as a substrate, gycerol-3-phosphate is formed and it gets converted to dihydroxy acetone phosphate for reverse reaction. Can't the glycerol-3-phosphate directly participate in the reverse reaction?

[@aswingrace6980]

Thank you sir..

[@HitanshuTheBoy]

You are awesome!

[@sangitasharma4692]

4:55 pyruvate is directly converted to oxaloacetate or is first converted to acytyl coA then oxaloacetate as in krebs cycle

[@seandiorsimapuka3714]

Phosphoenopyruvate is conveted to pyruvate by the enzyme Enolase not phosphofructokinase

[@panda-pw6eg]

😊very nice

[@ezrakorir3249]

Magnificent share I like your videos

[@iqra_khan0777]

thank u so mch

[@abhisheknarayansingh6245]

Perfect 👌🏻

[@mohdomar92]

Isn't the enzyme converting phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate called pyruvate kinase?

[@christinac1195]

thankkkk youuu

[@itstraveller25]

Bhai bohot sahi