Golden Rain Experiment ...without water! ⛈🧪

The Golden Rain Experiment involves the chemical reaction between potassium iodide and lead (II) nitrate to form lead (II) iodide. This reaction usually takes place in water, but Dr. William Alley from Texas A&M University at San Antonio explains how the reaction can be carried out in the solid phase. #chemicalreaction #chemistry #doubledisplacementreaction

[@Chemrange]

Love the fact that how lead halides crystallize beautifully upon cooling down the aqueous solution prepared by increasing the temperature and letting the precipitate from double displacement dissolve by itself. Especially lead(II) iodide and lead(II) chloride.❤️love for chemistry

[@TommyTechnetium]

💛

[@mikedavis7636]

I was not aware that this reaction could actually happen in the solid phase. The activation energy must be extremely low.

[@TommyTechnetium]

It's actually not in the solid phase; small amounts of moisture in the salts allow this to happen. If the salts are dried in a dessicator beforehand, the reaction won't occur

[@muzcuber]

Is that pbi3?

[@TommyTechnetium]

PbI2

[@muzcuber]

@@TommyTechnetium oh yeah, thanks bro👍

[@Johnpao215]

I thought solid state reactions are imagined while reading a thesis haha... But lo and behold! As a chemist myself! This is indeed intriguing and fascinating at the same time!

[@TommyTechnetium]

Others have noted it is likely slight moisture content in these salts that allow the reaction to occur. This is likely more reasonable than a solid phase reaction

[@zulqarnainchaughtai]

I tried but nothing happened. What could be the possible reason?

[@TommyTechnetium]

The salts you used might be too dry. This occurs because of a slight amount of water in the salts allows for some ions to be dissolved and react

[@zulqarnainchaughtai]

Thanks, it works now. One more clarification is needed. Why is it called the Golden Rain Experiment?

[@TommyTechnetium]

@@zulqarnainchaughtai It's just the name that chemists have dubbed this reaction when it's carried out in the liquid phase

[@HellfireHeather]

I like the little wing man voice in the background lol ❤

[@cathiooplays7819]

Now get inf money

[@doyouknoworjustbelieve6694]

No regards to proper safety procedures what so ever. No gloves.. mixing chemicals carelessly on a bench. Probably no safety glasses either.

[@SantanuProductions]

Where's the rain though?

[@Esterified80]

some of the lead nitrate spilled

[@mangai3599]

Shaking gave them the activation energy which was required for the reaction?!

[@bonkers5451]

It’s scared so it pissed itself

[@TommyTechnetium]

😂

[@edwardurbaczewski7072]

Little bit of heat released ???

[@TommyTechnetium]

Not sure...

[@sidharthcs2110]

We had a confirmatory test for lead which precipitated gold coloured particles

[@AGNESMUTHONI-ol6uy]

I am really confused 🤔 how 🤷

[@TommyTechnetium]

Probably a bit of waters of hydration on the salts dissolves just a few ions that go on to react

[@AGNESMUTHONI-ol6uy]

Thanks

[@thatguy431]

no way!

[@TommyTechnetium]

💛

[@sincereflowers3218]

I'm sorry I watched explosions and fire, and that is yellow, and all yellow chemistry is now trash to me. Even the intentionally yellow products seems ugly 😂

[@TommyTechnetium]

💛

[@Arycke]

PPE enters the chat

[@baileyyagirl2023]

"Put your Ki into a bottle" -said Dr Kakarot

[@blacknoir2404]

Kind of cool since you can thoroughly mix baking soda with citric acid and nothing will happen until it gets a drop of water.

[@dilawarrana5999]

Simple oxidation 🙄

[@TommyTechnetium]

Interesting...so you're thinking it's oxidation of iodide to iodine to give a slight yellow color. If so, what's being reduced?

[@dilawarrana5999]

​@@TommyTechnetium PbI2 is Reduced

[@dilawarrana5999]

​@@TommyTechnetium Without Oxygen How is Double displacement Reaction occurred?

[@TommyTechnetium]

@@dilawarrana5999 Are you suggesting that the lead ions are reduced?

[@allswellinendwell6957]

Tommy as a chemical engineer with 30+ years of experience. I hate your lab skills. You can see all the shit you spilled on the lab bench. You shouldn't be teaching young people such poor lab hygiene.

[@sohodollie7643]

Trump loves this reaction

[@a_true_generic_gamer1104]

Why does golden rain sound famili- oh that's right..

[@brucewinningham4959]

Pretty cool. I have seen the colors change when mixing clear Liquids but this is my 1st time with Solids.

[@SodiumInteresting]

Super nice solid solid reaction. I like the hypergolic one between PCl5 and anhydrous Na2O2 seen at the end of chemicalforce video on sodium peroxide

[@Mr._.weirdo_07]

can we do this with kI and lead nitrate solutions...? plz rply

[@TommyTechnetium]

Yes...with necessary precautions

[@sparky5817]

He discovered the secret to bananas

[@MiguelRodriguez2010]

Forbidden snow

[@liamcarter7597]

If potassium ignites when it touches water, then how come it doesn’t do that when you eat it? Or presumably it doesn’t happen to the plant or animal that had it that I ate to get it? Thanks if anybody can answer this.

[@TommyTechnetium]

Potassium metal ignites in water in a chemical reaction that forms potassium ion. Potassium ion is chemically different than potassium metal. It is the ionic form of potassium that is found in nature, food, and our bodies

[@liamcarter7597]

@@TommyTechnetium ah okay, thank you!

[@billmack6474]

Well I guess aggies gotta do something when they ain't getting whooped by longhorns lmao.

[@amarnathojha9420]

Pb(No3)2 + KI ---------> PbI2 + KNO3 Lead iodide is the yellow precipitate Rxn type - double displacement

[@bethisway]

bahahahahahahahahhaay

[@darinusuu5891]

I don't think this is possible without water 🤔

[@TommyTechnetium]

Indeed...probably waters of hydration in the salts allow this to occur

[@peterolsen9131]

the water of crystallization facillitates the reaction , anhydrous ingredients wouldnt work , just a bit of chem knoledge folks

[@TommyTechnetium]

Indeed!

[@8-piecechickenstripbucket812]

Buddy just eyeballin shit

[@6luealreadydead]

Wow he turned 2 white powders into a yellow powder by shaking it I don't know if I'm supposed to be amazed here but I literally couldn't be any more underwhelmed😑😑😑🤦‍♂️🤦‍♂️ I want the last 60 seconds of my life back🤣😂😭🤷‍♂️

[@muthupalani7416]

glass bottle than venganuma

[@dipaksikder3664]

Wow amazing😻😻

[@m4heshd]

io-died for this 🥺

[@TheSphongleface]

Waited for it to kill that guy

[@biochemistryexplained9602]

Next reaction Electrolysis of NaCl(aq) 😂😂😂 No fume cupboard

[@biochemistryexplained9602]

Lead iodide is yellow Potassium nitrate is white 2KI + Pb(NO3)2--> 2KNO3 + PbI2

[@Sleepy_Joe]

I love how you’re spilling soluble ionic Lead while not wearing gloves lol

[@starlighttakesform]

Wow, I didn't expect them to react this fast

[@yusufahmed2233]

Wow. Didn't know this reaction takes place with solids too!

[@darrenowen76]

Told my students we were doing a golden shower demo... I hate jail 😒

[@belyear]

Solid phase reactions are awesome. I used to make room temperature chloroaluminate ionic liquids - mixing to dry white powders makes a liquid - needs to be in a glove box tho.

[@TommyTechnetium]

This sounds very cool...what kind of things could you do with the ionic liquids you made?

[@belyear]

@@TommyTechnetium at the time we were getting money from oil companies. We were studying in-situ cracking of oil in oil sands and shale. The original gasoline was prepared by cracking crude oil with Aluminum Chloride. Using the liquids seemed reasonable. And it worked but was $$$. The ionic liquids had tunable acid/base properties. Excess AlCl3 made them VERY acidic - stronger than Sulphuric Acid. Excess Cl- made them basic like typical Organic bases. It was fun stuff. He’s a link to a review article ogst.ifpenergiesnouvelles.fr/articles/ogst/pdf/2007/06/ogst07028.pdf

[@TommyTechnetium]

@@belyear That's crazy. Thanks for the lesson and the article

[@sethv5273]

What’s the rain part

[@whatthefuckallhandlesaretaken]

Where's the fuckin rain?

[@DursunX]

([ why "rain" ? ..and why mention water? ]) is this an exothermic reaction?

[@Innertorium]

I’m no scientist but that’s not golden rain 🙄 umm speaking from a ‘friends’ experience!

[@chloemccarthy2297]

Solid reactions will never cease to confuse me

[@vedantshastri8799]

Amaze*

[@ben_jammin242]

Finally I can comment again! Potato. Edit: Before the shaking, can already see a yellow color forming at the interface

[@TommyTechnetium]

Good eye!

[@oxylepy2]

Thanks, that's the first time I've seen a solid reaction.

[@Hisagixhisagi]

Whoever’s on the background talking is annoying af

[@TGRMamagenS]

Looks like cheese

[@gruntopolouski5919]

What is “lead II”?

[@TommyTechnetium]

Lead ions with a +2 charge. There's also lead four: lead ions with a +4 charge. We write it as Pb(II) or Pb(IV)

[@elizabethiloveelohim137]

Where's the rain ? I was expecting an incredible storm,,,😭

[@Samonie67]

gotta love the disregard for any heavy metal safety regulations

[@manuannan9505]

Still waiting for the rain☂️

[@QIKUGAMES-QIKU]

Now you see it Now you don't. 😋 Are those chemicals harmless usually ? Good for kids experiment ?

[@TommyTechnetium]

Kids should not do this experiment

[@TychoKingdom]

Hold the phone! I was told chemistry don't happen without liquid. That's why powder things last forever. Someone explain this to me pls. Did it have something to do with the moisture in the air or did school just lie to me once again?

[@brandonsandacz2863]

Oxidation?

[@ruairidhdavidson288]

You ought to be wearing gloves

[@Pickle_Riiiick]

Nice try but I saw the cut where you peed in the bottle🤷🏻‍♂️✌🏻

[@brennanperry8001]

I've experimented with golden rain before, and I wish there wasn't any water.

[@dtnamastertech1911]

Cool. How do you make chocolate rain?

[@TommyTechnetium]

😳

[@dtnamastertech1911]

@@TommyTechnetium have you not seen the awesome KZbin video of the kid with the super deep voice. Search chocolate rain. Sorry, completely irrelevant to cool science stuff.

[@TommyTechnetium]

@@dtnamastertech1911 yes, I've seen that video. Its awesome

[@TheFirstSSJ]

I was getting R Kelly vibes from the title

[@Kahsimiah]

Well that was underwhelming...

[@jaybingham3711]

Pretty sure that was a solid phase double replacement reaction..in pike position. Degree of difficulty...

[@TheSmilylp]

Try it again, but dry the salts before

[@munozinni]

Let’s shake it and leave it at Starbucks table 🤣😂😂🤣😂

[@TommyTechnetium]

😳

[@munozinni]

@@TommyTechnetium just kidding!!!👀

[@eo9839]

Golden rain hehe close enough

[@snarevox]

me and my chick usta experiment with golden rain

[@patrick6427]

No gloves, no fume hood, no lab coat… y’all are a menace to society

[@ghuliuskain6536]

The forbidden curry salt

[@harshtheffgamer3487]

Class 10 ncert activity 1.2

[@KazzArie]

Extractions and ire would love this yellow chemistry - even more if it produced some tar

[@RVAMotorsports]

I tried the "golden rain experiment" in college... I'm still traumatized, my hair smelled like a urinal for a week ☹️

[@cyrol5424]

They really made gold out of lead

[@jacobviator3118]

Don't eat the yellow chemical powder... it's not lemon flavored... source: 🙍🏻‍♂️🙎‍♂️

[@thisguyhd6591]

…

[@pragyavijay2207]

Never thought that this reaction can take place in solid form too.

[@nitroptics]

No rain, disliked

[@AngryHybridApe]

What, you didn't already know that? Sheesh. What are they teaching you kids in school nowadays?

[@adrianscarlett]

Safety, protection and care should be used when performing all chemical reactions

[@brucewinningham4959]

Exactly Adrian Scarlett, especially when you don't know what is going to happen. Always be prepared for the worst!

[@ericoschmitt]

I can make golden rain when I fly my hang glider.

[@ExtrymGamingLTU]

Yellow chemistry

[@baardkopperud]

Well, those two didn't need much of an excuse to react with eachother.

[@lightdark00]

Rain? More like peed on snow.

[@user-EvilAlatreon963]

So it turns yellow? Not sure what I was expecting but that's a bit underwhelming

[@zman4002]

Now I see why people like NileRed so much...this was so underwhelming...

[@marcochimio]

I knew the reaction, but I’m really surprised it worked in solid phase. Tres coooool.

[@noelswai4913]

Dry reaction...wow!. I expected you to mix with water

[@dmrr7739]

What do you do with the result?

[@yourstruly2763]

now make purple rain

[@semesabrown5213]

Forensic chemist here... Oh hell yeah 👍

[@TommyTechnetium]

Got any experiments for us to try?

[@alkal1339]

I think that it isn’t really solid state reaction. A small amount of water that absorbed on the surface of these two substance provide reaction (water is the medium) and act like a catalyst in this case. Please, try to dry both substance before mixing them together. It is interesting for me to know the difference between these two experiments.

[@TommyTechnetium]

I think you are right. See the following post: twitter.com/unclebo80053383/status/1538034222832680961?s=21&t=F1hhOi7VgUG4j1HonChl1A

[@alkal1339]

@@TommyTechnetium thanks for your post! Do you have a drying vacuum chamber? Heating of lead nitrate can leads to hydrolysis and formation of hydroxide shell. It may prevent salt particles from close enough contact.

[@alkal1339]

@@TommyTechnetium another variant. Use dessicator with P2O5 for sorption water. Both salt put into it for about a day.

[@SzandorAdinsx]

If you look closely you can sorta see the reaction starting before the shake.