Golden Ray: The Typo That Cost $250,000,000

[@CasualNavigation]

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[@goofycker]

0:11 the town is called "Braunschweig" and it is in the country of "Germany"...zz

[@Communist-Doge]

@@goofycker No, it's the Port of Brunswick in Georgia, United States. The town of Brunswick (Braunschweig) in Germany has *nothing* to do with the sinking of this ship. Look it up: MV Golden Ray.

[@barrycaplin1394]

GARBAGE SPAMMED BY GARBAGE. INTERUPPTING YOUR CONTENT TO SPEW THIS GARBAGE? WHAT THE HELL IS WRONG WITH YOU PEOPLE?

[@Bibibosh]

So. What actually happened. You left us without and answers. I just want to know how

[@mplewp]

Ads are our modern worlds CANCER :D

[@hungryhedgehog4201]

Why would you just open that door in "anticipation" that sounds like opening your car door while driving cause in 20min someone will want to get out of the car.

[@Matthew-Anthony]

That is what I thought too. It was reckless, and overconfident.

[@spuffles]

Yeah, a bit of an explenation of why that was done or if it was an error seems missing.

[@Link2edition]

"Why are you stopped in the middle of the road?" "I am anticipating getting to my destination"

[@matthew.m6324]

This is a common industry practice for the pilot to give 20 minutes notice for the crew to prepare the pilot ladder, so it is ready for the pilot to disembark.

[@benjaminlewis671]

Common practice inland, the weather wasn't a factor, only the design & loading of the ship. Roro = Roll On Roll Over

[@Strelnikov403]

When I was in the navy, draught and stability was solely the responsibility of the Senior Hull Technician (seniormost shipwright aboard, generally a PO1). They handled all of the ballasting, trim, and stability calculations themselves to ensure it was always done correctly. Seeing what happens when it's left to the already very busy Chief Officer on a merchant vessel, it's no small wonder why. Great video, thanks for sharing.

[@jamesharding3459]

If you need to absolutely make sure something gets done right, trust it to a senior NCO.

[@joechang8696]

in the business world, they have management consultants to advise on paring every bit of cost from business operations. too bad the MC's don't understand ship stability and personnel workload issues. Like the oil platform deep water horizon, save million, lost billions

[@beeble2003]

Right but naval vessels have many, many more crew on board than a commercial vessel of similar size, which makes it possible to have crew members dedicated to specific tasks.

[@Strelnikov403]

@@beeble2003 Even with smaller crews on merchant ships, making stability a 1st/2nd Eng responsibility is a much better choice than leaving it to the Chief O.

[@SixReazons]

one quite important thing to do for all Chief off / Masters - Any time You do something with your ballast / cargo - print out your stability and make compare with daily ( last day ) soundings - it would give You 100% confidence. No any doubts, that work load on car carrier - is off great leve. Chief off can not sleep for days, but same time - double check and cross check to be issued. Along with that, do not forget - mass of the cargo and it's location is paramount and not always correct - which affects stability as well. ( I am not familiar with Car carrier loading and stress distribution )

[@tootlingturtle7254]

I’d love for you to go into detail about how crews escape/navigate a near vertical ship or how rescue crews work in general. Such an interesting topic!

[@tjampman]

As far as I know, all training is based on it being a nice and calm day.

[@benedictramage-mangles2622]

Based on what happened to the Estonia we might conclude the answer is "They don't", but rescue stuff might be fascinating, indeed.

[@CasualNavigation]

I'll work on my character animation, and then look into topics like that.

[@markfryer9880]

@@tjampman Funny, but it seems like accidents never happen when it is calm and sunny. Night time and rough weather seem to be the most likely combination.

[@CrusaderSports250]

@@markfryer9880 when I did my heart start resuscitation training the doctor told us the only time she had used it was with the patient still pinned in the front seat of the car and working through the shattered windscreen, we were obviously learning in ideal circumstances, kind of like when you do your training.

[@realblocksheldon]

I frequent the beach close to where she capsized. It was almost like a tourist attraction to see the capsized ship that close to the shore. Heck, I'm even drinking coffee out of a Golden Ray souvenir mug as we speak.

[@N1lav]

Is it still there?

[@realblocksheldon]

@@N1lav nope! They just finished breaking it up and taking it away a few months ago. There are still some Kia’s in the sound though if you want a free car! Lol

[@kyarumomochi5146]

@@realblocksheldon they give free cars?

[@blubbber]

@@kyarumomochi5146 sure, if you get it out of the mud in the river... good luck with that^^

[@BrokenCurtain]

Wait... so a ship capsized near a beach, became a tourist attraction and someone designed and manufactured souvenir mugs? You could use that story as an anecdote that emphasizes the responsiveness of capitalistic markets.

[@michaelimbesi2314]

Well done. You did a good job of condensing the basics of ship stability into something a layman would understand

[@CasualNavigation]

Thanks Michael

[@RichO1701e]

I used to work for a Japanese motor manufacturer in the NE of England, loading and discharging thousands of vehicles onto these RORO carriers. Always boggles my mind that a new, state of the art vessel can capsize like this in the 21st century.

[@kaikart123]

The technology may change, but humans never change

[@Uftonwood2]

You would think with the computers available they could use systems such as on big jets that warn of and prevent wrong actions, so the computer would know the door was open, know the ditching point, and the giro would soon tell it that the ship was leaning too far too fast and so stop the turn.

[@JulieWallis1963]

You can have all the hardware and software but be let down by the wetware! 🧠 🧠 🧠 Was it Nissan? My cousin went up there for a number of years.

[@jimtaylor294]

@@Uftonwood2 Computers are still the product of fallible humans though, thus can never be truly infallible.

[@Jehty_]

@@Uftonwood2 I guess the problem lies in the last three words of your comment: "stop the turn" How do you stop a ship going 12 knots and were does the ship go when you stop turning? They turned because there was land in front of them. So stopping the turn without stopping the ship 💥

[@alexmelia8873]

As a Jacksonville local and pilot, I've spent two years flying over her wreck. I've always wondered what the actual reason was- thank you.

[@s87343jim]

I wonder why something like this can't be automatically calculated or measured so that when crews have entered the wrong values on how much water is in, it would at least warn or suggest that something is wrong.

[@JasonAWilliams-IS]

This ship had that ability. It was done manually perhaps to cut corners and not take in water at the birth.

[@Infrared73]

It seems like it should be possible to add some logic to measure if the handling of the ship exceeds what the data entered would suggest.

[@nedimar5696]

@@JasonAWilliams-IS It seems like a good idea to have a automatic warning pop up when manual and automatic mode diverge too much.

[@irritated888]

One of the things to remember about automatic control is that instrumentation fails (a lot) If the ship cannot use an override then it is possible for the computer to do a similar mistake. However, there really needs to be a "hey, you way over did this number are you sure" warning.

[@Someone.755]

They added 1500 MT ballast water in their last voyage. So the Chief mate made new calculations. Next voyage, he forgot to erase the 1500MT ballast water from his calculations. When you have weight near the Keel, your ship have better stability. So he got wrong numbers.

[@sfan3725]

Great stuff thanks. Not seen a GZ curve or heard the phrase 'angle of vanishing stability' since Naval Arc classes 40 years ago, love that you are bringing merchant shipping to the masses. How about an engineering based one such as the engine room flooding of the Emma Maersk at the entrance to the Suez Canal in 2013, while in convoy for southbound transit. The report from the Danish MAIB is available on the web. Cheers, S.

[@CasualNavigation]

I'll have a look into that one.

[@Genius_at_Work]

@@CasualNavigation Basically, a Stern Thruster disintegrated and Shrapnel broke a Leak into the absurdly long Shaft Tunnel. Wiring going through Bulkheads was not sealed sufficiently, so flooding continued into the Engine Room, until it was flooded above M/E Cylinder Cover Level. The Ship barely avoided sinking and was towed into Port Said (IIRC, might also have been Suez or somewhere in between) with a lot of Tugs, where it was stabilised at the Pier and Water had to be pumped out with external Help.

[@markfryer9880]

@@Genius_at_Work Wow, we could have had the Suez Canal blocked in a really bad way a couple of years before the actual blockage.

[@Genius_at_Work]

@@markfryer9880 That's the Thing with Single Points of Failure. It already was blocked for several Years because of War between Israel and Egypt, with some Ships trapped in the Bitter Lakes.

[@Live-Life-Freely]

I use the angle of vanishing stability all the time when I talk about people's mothers.

[@hansmeier8953]

One factor was probably that stability calculations on car carriers are not taken all that serious. Cars are "volume cargo" and don't affect the ships weight all that much (trucks and heavy machinery can only be stored on the lowest deck(s)). It is really difficult to load a car carrier so badly that GM becomes an issue.

[@johnd5398]

Until you're 1500 MT short on ballast and don't know it. Then it becomes super easy.

[@andrewboyer7544]

@@johnd5398 Barely an inconvenience.

[@NinjaTyler]

@@andrewboyer7544 wowwowwowwowwow

[@schaefsky]

@Shama-Llama Ding-Dong Hey, shut up!

[@Ranety]

@@johnd5398 You mean 1500t. I guess you want to say Metric Tons, but tons are by definition metric. 1500Mt would be 1500 Mega Tons or 1,5 Giga Tons. Thats 1.500.000.000 Tons

[@shanethomas5327]

Had a few friends working on the Salavge Op. It was a mess due to MARPOL and EPA, not being happy with them literally cutting a ship filled with cars into sections while in the water. But they got it done. BZ to the salavge teams.

[@CasualNavigation]

It looked like a really complex operation.

[@hazor777]

Yep- I live in the area. I'll just say, it looked like a MONUMENTAL task....almost impossible. But they did it. They (everyone involved) did an amazing job of getting everything gone with very little , if any oil issues in the sound and the beaches. The locals are very grateful for the teamwork and results.

[@afcgeo882]

Not happy because thousands of tons of fuel, coolant and oil would be spilled. All those cars had fuel, oil and coolant in them.

[@hazor777]

@@afcgeo882 Not sure what you mean: you saying you're NOT happy because they averted a potentially environmental threat ? So, you would be happy had it caused damage?

[@afcgeo882]

@@hazor777 Happy? I never said anything about me being happy or unhappy. Do you have English comprehension issues? The OP was talking about MARPOL and EPA being unhappy, although none of that makes sense since MARPOL is an international treaty (treaties don’t have feelings) and the EPA doesn’t protect the coastal environment (the Coast Guard does.)

[@EyesOfByes]

I'd like to hear about the vehicle cargoship that capsized in the English Channel back 2000-ish. I have a vague memory that it contained the first shipment of some thousands of Volvo's brand new flagship (pun intended) model XC90, heading for USA. So that was fun for Volvo

[@CasualNavigation]

I'll see if I can read up on that.

[@awmperry]

MV Tricolor, you mean?

[@CaffeineGeek]

@@CasualNavigation.Ro-Ro vessels accidents can be who topic on its own. Besides the MV Tricolor collision, the MV Cougar Ace lost stability off the Aleutian Islands in 2006. She was towed to Portland, OR where her entire cargo of 4,703 cars was declared a total loss.

[@mumblbeebee6546]

@@awmperry Wasn’t there an MV Nicola that got involved too? I seem to remember a wonderful Mitch Benn song about it ;)

[@YouChwb]

The 1987 Zeebrugge Ferry was quite a disaster.

[@baileywright1656]

Fascinating! I really enjoyed your visuals on this one. One thing I appreciate about your presentation is that you don't sensationalize these disasters. You report the facts and what was learned in a very easy to understand way. Thanks for your hard work putting these together :)

[@CasualNavigation]

Thanks Bailey. I always prefer to present the facts as I think it helps people to learn from past mistakes.

[@chrismoule7242]

Technically, not a typo: a typo is when somebody types something incorrectly. This appears to have been a procedural error, where someone failed to clear a previous entry: that is not a typo.

[@nastyab8003]

Software flaw...

[@michaelplunkett8059]

Still a keystroke error.

[@rdspam]

9:06 Hence the description: “clerical error”

[@rdspam]

@@nastyab8003A human not entering correct data is not a software flaw.

[@UstedTubo187]

These investigation breakdowns are so freaking interesting! I've never been a part of this maritime world, but I find it completely fascinating. I'm so glad that you take the time to share this with everyone! Thank you!!!

[@Vinemaple]

A lot of videos with this level of graphics end up with stupid, silly, or pointless graphics. This one expertly visualizes exactly what is needed, clearly, attractively, and without more tech or bother. It sounds like a little thing, but I am VERY impressed and pleased. Keep it up! I'm subscribing.

[@CasualNavigation]

Thanks Vinemaple. Great to have you on board.

[@TheDasHatti]

And additionally there is enough emphasis to add the two cups sliding off the controls 😁

[@patagualianmostly7437]

@@CasualNavigation I agree with Vinemaple: I was Merchant Navy for 17 years..... mentioned this accident to some friends, who have NEVER been to sea and they could not comprehend the chain of events: Now, thanks to your video....they will. Thank you!"

[@lowcountryrob170]

The Golden Ray also caught on fire in the spring of 2021 while being salvaged. It was quite the local news story from the time it happened until it was finally salvaged. Thanks for shedding light on a part of the story the Savannah and Jacksonville stations didn’t.

[@SuperYachtCaptain]

Your video are very well done and perfectly explained. 👨‍✈️ 👍

[@CasualNavigation]

Thanks Super Yacht Captain!

[@SuperYachtCaptain]

@@CasualNavigation are you a active Master or Instructor?

[@Glostalobsta0439]

I was one of the responders to the Ray, one of the most insane things I've ever seen. Just looked unnatural seeing a vessel that large laid up on its side like that...and seeming to catch on fire ever other day lol

[@armondedge8840]

Thanks for this insight into just how complicated marine commercial transport can be.

[@ShaunieDale]

One of my concerns was how well were the vehicles secured. Once the deck heeled over significantly if the cars were not properly secured then they would slide to the bottom and further reduce any tendencies for the ship to return to upright. Added to the flooding water and they had no chance.

[@daleinaz1]

Vehicles are chained to the deck with one or two chains at each end. Done correctly, they remain secured even with the deck vertical. If you look at photos from the salvage, most of them in fact remained in place. In heavy seas, if one gets loose, it can cause major damage, because you don't dare go down there until the seas calm.

[@ShaunieDale]

@@daleinaz1 that’s what I hoped but you can never be sure that procedures are adhered to.

[@Pugetwitch]

​@@daleinaz1ask the ghost of Michael Davidson how that worked out for TOTE maritime.

[@stanimir5F]

As expensive as it sounds it's still better than many other crashes where there were lots of casualties. It is great that none of the crew members died during this accident. Well, great if you are not the owner of the ship (or maybe the insurance company). They probably think otherwise but still... human life > money. Are you planning in any of your future videos in the "Maritime disasters" series to speak about the Eastland disaster? I have seen across the internet that some of the lifesaving equipment was the cause for it but there are others that denies it.

[@CasualNavigation]

I am going to be covering other disasters in the future. I like to keep the content a bit varied as it is more fun to make.

[@mrdumbfellow927]

Even if Insurance and shipping companies were heartless and didn't care about human life (they probably do though they are made of human beings as well), they would still care about deaths because they would likely be paying out death benefits to the families of crewmembers due to negligence. Not to mention the public relations nightmare. Always nice to hear about a shipwreck that doesn't include the loss of human life though!

[@KuK137]

"human life > money" Unless there is a pandemic going on, then far right nutjobs will happily kill you to avoid wearing a piece of cloth...

[@MrPLC999]

I observed this drama closely from the first news reports on Day One until salvage was recently completed. With a lifetime of engineering experience, I found it absolutely outrageous that someone somewhere was able to dictate that the ship had to be cut up and towed away in pieces. That method obviously was chosen to achieve the very highest cost of salvage possible, along with maximum damage to the local environment. It's like no other option was ever even considered. We saw with the Costa Concordia wreck, for example, how a huge ship could be uprighted via parbuckling and towed away intact. The Ray could have been turned upright too and floated away. But no. Costs were not a consideration. Even the environment was not a consideration. Out-F***ing-Rageous!

[@chuckaddison5134]

@@KuK137 While leftwing nut jobs happily give untested genitic material to children and murder the unborn by the millions.

[@scottl.1568]

Thanks for linking to the actual report... So many of these accident/disaster youtube accounts neglect this and it ticks me off

[@CasualNavigation]

Thanks Scott. I'm trying to include them more now as I sometimes forget to add the link when I upload.

[@SeaGoingLizabeth]

I just have to say that I have been watching Casual Nav for quite a while now and Your content are literally Maritime training center standards love it.

[@mukamuka0]

The calculation this important should have had many redundant check from different people.

[@joshuacheung6518]

Welcome to pennypinching 101 Also could have been complacency at play too

[@donraptor6156]

So you are saying once a qualified person make a decision a half dozen lesser trained people say the cook looks over the Ship masters work? Does the Master supervise the oiling of the engines and the cooking too?

[@patagualianmostly7437]

@@donraptor6156 EX MN here: I agree with you.... However: They ARE NOT The ship Masters work...the Chief officer does these calculations. Theoretically the Master has done the same calculations himself many times prior to becoming Mater/Captain....so yes. I think the Chief Officers calculations should have been scrutinized by the Captain.....after all: He is one carrying the can....for everything! If a galley boy chucks left-overs overboard..... who gets it in the neck? Yup. The Captain. I liked your scenarios though! I can imagine some Captains I have sailed with saying to the Chief Cook: "A little more Rosemary on the lamb if you please." ... or saying to the Chief Engineer: "Can you use a little less fuel.... I'm trying to save the planet." Not going to happen, is it?

[@SapientPearwood]

Really interesting case study, and a really well presented video. I do have an issue with the idea that the fault was with "one small clerical error". I'm not at all familiar with the shipping industry or with nautical engineering, but I have done a decent amount of work on failure/anomaly investigations for spacecraft (including a few human rated spacecraft). To me the failure happened way before that clerical error, when they defined the Concept of Operations (ConOps). Sure the proximate cause was a clerical error, but the ultimate cause was allowing a single point of failure to hinge on a fallible (probably sleep deprived) person entering mission critical numbers into a computer by hand, with zero oversight, redundancy, or fault detection. If that is really the only way to do it (and of course it isn't) then a whole host of risk mitigation elements need to be baked into the hardware, operations, and procedures to make sure this really easy to make mistake doesn't seriously endanger several lives and cost $250M (nevermind the potential environmental and economic impact). But obviously this shouldn't have been a single point of failure in the first place. Before the vessel ever set sail, an FMEA (Failure Modes and Effects Analysis), should have easily caught this obvious point of weakness. I am not a GNC expert (my area is propulsion), but my understanding is that in aerospace, a LOC/LOM risk like this (loss of crew, loss of mission) would be handled by multiple redundant flight computers voting to make sure they agree. On top of that (at least for propulsion applications, idk about other systems) a FDIR (Fault Detection, Isolation, and Recovery) system should be overseeing the calculations, system settings, sensor feedback, and other stuff to make sure everything is ok and make emergency corrections. Also, [additional engineering gripes...] I get that ships are not spacecraft, but you'd think when the likelihood and consequence of a risk are that high, some degree of risk management would be standard practice. Risk is unavoidable, but vessels/companies can't be this unprepared for it or this blind to it.

[@toddkes5890]

So if the program was set up to only load the data for an empty ship (no ballast, no fuel, no potable water, no cargo), and then the loadmaster has to enter everything else? If something is missed on being entered then the system alerts that the ship is not safe to travel. Similarly, an angle meter and timer is linked to the calculations from the program, where it counts how long it takes the ship to return from upright, and compares that time with the calculated values. If the two times do not match, it will throw an alarm. Depending on complexity, this system could even spot potential reasons for the numbers to not match that the loadmaster can double-check.

[@beeble2003]

You're not going to get ships to fit multiple redundant computer systems. It's necessary in spacecraft and aircraft because things move so quickly and they literally cannot fly without the computer systems. With a ship, there's usually the option of stopping and thinking things through. But I completely agree with your general analysis that they had a ton of unnecessary and apparently unassessed and unmitigated risks inherent in their operating practices.

[@markfryer9880]

@@beeble2003 Well, in this case they didn't stop and think things through! They never do because they have to keep to their schedule. I also noticed that the ship kept on increasing speed and didn't attempt to slow down for the 68° turn to starboard and the Captain seemed to have forgotten that he had ordered the port side pilot door opened long before the pilot was due to leave the vessel.

[@LexipMedia]

@@toddkes5890 While I have zero experience with ship operations, I do know that they get pushed around by the seas in non-calm weather and it was noted in this video that the weather was calm. So in calm seas measuring the return to upright would work great, but what happens if the weather is not so calm? Would this still be able to accurately measure the ship's stability? Could that be why it is not available or used?

[@toddkes5890]

@@LexipMedia The double-check would be done in port where the water is calmer. Also, I assume that if the water is enough to push the ship around then the crew would notice and take that into account.

[@paulaharrisbaca4851]

Boy, imagine how little people actually know about how goods and services get around the world in an increasingly consumerist world. We just take it for granted. I never think about this stuff much unless a ship plugs up the Suez Canal or an Exxon Valdeez runs aground and dumps oil all over the place

[@Kevin-bl6lg]

Agree. It could have all been avoided by people buying cars from their local dealership. But no, they order them online and cargo ships like in this video need to go all around the world. Buy cars locally!

[@deus_ex_machina_]

@@Kevin-bl6lg How do you think cars reach your 'local' dealership? The dealer builds them in his workshop? Even if he does, the parts come from all over the world, that's simply what's most efficient. You think profit-seeking capitalists are shipping stuff halfway around the world for fun?

[@lesthodson2802]

@@Kevin-bl6lg You are the person the OP is talking about.

[@Kevin-bl6lg]

@@lesthodson2802 oh 😍 I am in the video? Nice 🤩

[@bobssmith7524]

@@Kevin-bl6lg op is a phrase normally used in reddit for the person who made the comment, this is saying that YOU are the sort person Paula Harris Baca was talking about. bruh

[@Grizzlenator103]

Me and my wife visit Jekyll every few months and we saw the progress of the salvage operation over time. It was pretty dang interesting and neat to see why it happened

[@constellationd2020]

Very imformative and thoroughly entertaining. After the 2 38° turns I immediately knew the 68° turn would be the one to bring her down. Ashame about the accident. Edit: I originally wrote the wrong angle. fixed.

[@joshuacheung6518]

As soon as i saw the door open on the port side i saw it coming, just not sure in what form

[@markfryer9880]

@@joshuacheung6518 It's always the bloody doors that bring things undone. Several car ferries have come undone from their bow or stern doors not being shut properly and the ship rushing to get back on schedule.

[@j.brogan8163]

As someone from St. Simons I’ve been waiting a long time for this video. Thank you for posting!

[@CasualNavigation]

Thanks. I'm glad you liked it.

[@thablakester]

Only 1 little change. There were 24 Crew & 20 were rescued but the other 4 were trapped for about 3 days. They were known as the "Golden Ray 4" & there's News footage of when they brought them out. AMAZING video! I was there the night it happened and almost every night since because I walk those beaches & it's been an interesting time for the area but to think how no one was killed is nothing short of a miracle & I hope someone has the original footage for a Documentary about what happened. They're finalizing the salvage site now and it's still going to be a little while before the rocks and things they put beside her are gone but it's getting closer. Thank you so much for this video! I love watching the ships come in & seeing the wakes they bring in can be fun as well. :)

[@CasualNavigation]

Thanks. I'm pleased that you enjoyed it.

[@Ahrpigi]

I don't know how this got in my suggestions, but thanks for making naval stuff both interesting and understandable to a total layperson with no special interest in the subject.

[@seaprofexecutiveeducation3750]

My recent Risk Bulletin for a P&I Club on the 'Golden Ray' incident explains that the ship's stability computer was provided with 3 modes of operation, namely Manual Input, Auto IMACS input and Roll Test Check. If the C/O had used Auto or Roll Test modes as a check they would have flashed up as 'Unsafe'. So there was no problem with the stability equipment's design, only with its operation. As such, a tragic illustration of 'human element' failure in circumstances where the C/O was likely very tired after supervising a short turnaround car discharge and load operation and under pressure not to hold up the ship's departure.

[@narmale]

why in the hell is there not a display of the auto IMACS, even if its not in auto... from my view as an industrial process electrician designer, this should ALWAYS display even if its in manual or off... it should still be reporting data for you to judge relevant or not, at least then you dont end up with this exact scenario thats like storage tanks... you always have to know where the level is regardless of your processes, being in manual, auto or off... you ALWAYS have display of your safeties and levels incredible that this was designed this way

[@donraptor6156]

And your supposition is from your interviews with the ships personal on how tired they were? Fascinating! When did you conduct these interviews? Who did you speak to?

[@mrzilla321]

i have no idea why im here and i gain no value from your videos but i love them

[@spiercephotography]

What an accessible explanation to explain what happened to the Golden Ray! Thank you for this!

[@schmechel6888]

can’t believe this is the first video I’ve watched from this channel! Like where the hell have you been

[@6z0]

Always look forward to your videos.

[@CasualNavigation]

Thanks

[@schnell-erklaert]

Nicely visualised incident! And I dont want to be the person that have typed in the wrong numbers in that PC to cause a $250Mio loss. Imagine that. But mistakes always happen, a system should account for that. So I wouldnt blame that person but the systems designers instead.

[@CasualNavigation]

Thanks Tim. Glad you liked it.

[@nazamroth8427]

Yeah, when 250M depends on one brainfart, its bad enough. When you have a system where the crew repeatedly rolls for that brainfart, and they need to fail that check only once to cause 250M of loss, thats on the system designer.

[@MatthewSmith-sz1yq]

@@nazamroth8427 yeah, the "CYA engineering" can drive me nuts. Basically, the engineers make it so that a human has to manually enter in all of it, that way if something goes wrong, they can blame the person rather than the design. Price is also a big factor, but a lot of it is liability. They do the same stuff with alarms. I've used some equipment that has various alarms lighting up and sounding every 30 seconds or more during normal operation. One machine even had a door open AND a door closed alarm, so you constantly had a flashing alarm, no matter what you did. It's just lazy engineers trying to protect themselves from liability by making the sensors laughably sensitive. It literally trains you to ignore the alarms, since there's ALWAYS an alarm. Then one day, something does go wrong, and they point the finger at the operator for assuming it's a "normal alarm" (the concept of which defeats the point of alarms in the first place). "The machine logged the error and it triggered an alarm, what more could it have done?"

[@nazamroth8427]

@@MatthewSmith-sz1yq In a Warhammer book, there was an inquisitor who constantly operated in tainted areas. His ship had a taint alarm installed. He repeatedly bemoaned its existence and asked for a non-taint alarm instead, because that would actually be the unusual event anyway...

[@citizenoneofmany695]

I heard he had to pay it off of his salary. 25 dollars every month, at least!

[@Septimus_ii]

It's interesting hearing about a naval accident where mostly the people involved did their jobs properly and responded professionally. An expensive incident, but no loss of life

[@justinpipes85]

I live in Jacksonville Florida. I've worked at the Brunswick Port more than once. This was such a crazy event. Hell of a sight to see such a large vessel on its side. Great video sir.

[@BillPalmer]

Coming from the airline world (which also has strict requirements for weight and balance and other aerodynamic performance curves) it was interesting to see similar things in the maritime industry. Should have been able guess that all that was in place, but I’ve never heard it explained before. Thanks!

[@blainelanders2361]

I am not into ships, but I do love physics. Your summary and video are outstanding.

[@CasualNavigation]

Thanks Blaine

[@minchmeat]

Always been wondering what had happened. Great video!

[@CasualNavigation]

Thanks CubickProduction. Glad you enjoyed it.

[@brianwheeler1339]

Would you ever think about making videos about the history of shipping? History of ship design, shipping routes, famous incidents etc.? I would love to see videos where you animate/narrate the history of shipping

[@ritagasper1958]

Oooh I’d absolutely love this!!!

[@jayschafer1760]

"The Box" by Marc Levinson is a book you would like (covers the history of the shipping container) and can be found at most town libraries.

[@bannah6400]

Pick up your cross and follow Jesus! The world is quickly headed for destruction, and sooner or later you will have to sit at the judgement seat and give an account for your actions. Belief in messiah alone is not enough to grant you salvation - Matthew 7:21-23, John 3:3, John 3:36 (ESV is the best translation for John 3:36). Call on the name of Jesus and pray for Him to intervene in your life! - Revelation 3:20. Contemplate how the Roman Empire fulfilled the role of the beast from the sea in Revelation 13. Revelation 17 confirms that it is in fact Rome. From this we can conclude that A) Jesus is the Son of God and can predict the future or make it happen, B) The world leaders/nations/governments etc have been conspiring together for the last 3000+ years going back to Babylon and before, C) History as we know it is fake. You don't really need to speculate once you start a relationship with God tho. Can't get a response from God? Fasting can help increase your perception and prayer can help initiate events. God will ignore you if your prayer does not align with His purpose (James 4:3) or if you are approaching Him when "unclean" (Isaiah 1:15, Isaiah 59:2, Micah 3:4). Stop eating food sacrificed to idols (McDonald's, Wendy's etc) stop glorifying yourself on social media or making other images of yourself (Second Commandment), stop gossiping about other people, stop watching obscene content etc and you should get a response. Have a blessed day!

[@RailPreserver2K]

When I was visiting st. Simons Island I had a chance to see the Golden Ray while it was still wrecked

[@cedar1464]

Oh man, I have family out at Jekyll Island right next door to this. I got to see the ship salvage happening with the big structure they built on it. Crazy to see this a year after my visit on youtube.

[@janman1439]

I think Chief Makoi mentioned the reason for this might have been that they didn't want to get the water by the dock and then have to run the water treatment plant, but I only go on sailboats so I can't judge how realistic this is.

[@tjampman]

That sound weird, because, I really struggle to believe they would depart without a seaworthy condition. Besides, if they have ballast water treatment system, it should not be any trouble to take ballast. ( I am not entirely sure, as I never sailed with BWT systems, but if they have that I don't think they need to replace the ballast water in open seas)

[@Teverell]

Apropos of absolutely nothing, I love the way the heeling animated ship has what can only be described as a truly startled expression! Really interesting and very well done, with great illustrations and fantastic narration!

[@GuyIncognito764]

I saw this coming in to Brunswick off the ocean last year on our sailboat. Had no idea what was going on as we came in early morning. They are sawing this thing up with a giant cable bandsaw type thing. Super impressive!

[@carpemkarzi]

Cool, I know diddly and squat about anything you talked about but I,learned something and am intrigued. Thanks

[@roadracing22]

You do great wood and I’m glad you have a good sponsor. Thank you for the video.

[@CasualNavigation]

Thanks Andris

[@hazor777]

I live in the area - for over a year that ship looked like a DRUNK TOURIST passing out on the beach, layed out on it's side . ....... taking a nap. Glad to see it get the hell outta here. The clean up crews did an excellent job - we had a LESS than minimal environmental impact. BIG THANKS TO THE CLEANUP CREWS !!!

[@mikefochtman7164]

Been years since I learned about 'metacentric height' and all that, but this brought a lot back. Great video. Surprised though that captain or some senior officer didn't notice how it was so soft it was handling, but then it seems they didn't really have a lot of time to think about it as they navigated the channels and were looking for the next turn.

[@uigpoe]

my heart starts pumping in anticipation and this calm, jovial sailor just spells out the disaster so calmly lol

[@mericet39]

Very interesting! I expect the individual who made the error is having some difficulty coming to terms with the mistake, but thankfully no lives were lost. But, humans are not infallible, and the fault must lie with the procedure, not the individual. One elephant in the room - the ship had already successfully navigated a series of turns. Would the ship have experienced more than the expected degree of heel as a result of those turns, and would that greater heel had been observed, and given the crew an early indication of a problem?

[@magnuskallas]

There is still some software around (Adobe), and if I remember correctly datatypes in programming languages, that get confused with "." or "," inside integer value. For instance in many European countries a comma is used for decimal point, it is default in metric system if I remember correctly. While probably not the case here, I've seen too many times 0,3 cm converted into 3 cm etc.

[@jasonreed7522]

@@magnuskallas thats not the issue of this instance, the issue is that the captain forgot to remove the ballast water from the inventory. Also any program that doesn't "sanitize" its inputs is a faulty program. Rule 1 is to expect faulty and/or malicious inputs, so if a character doesn't belong then don't let them type it in the field or atleast don't insert the data from the field into the database. If you are allowed to type a "." or a "," in the middle of an integer then the program is a failure. Also .3cm = 0cm if stored as an int, and 0,3cm = 3cm because the program probably just purges all the commas anyway since they don't need to be in the number entered if all they do is make it easier for humans to read the number (verses the decimal point being mandatory to know when the decimal section begins). Also, invert all the commas and periods for a program made by UK devs instead and all the logic applies. And optionally only give 2 decimals of precision and assume the right most 2 digits are the decimals and if you want to enter 100units you need to type 10000 and the machine renders 100.00units. This sort of thing can be idiot proofed, forgetting to subtract ballast weight also should be idiot proofable but it needs manual overides in case of faulty sensors which inherently opens up risk of human error. (See all the examples of why defeating safety measures isn't a good idea, it doesn't take much effort to find them)

[@nickarcher4775]

I never realised I was interested in this sort of thing untill I found this channel!

[@michaelcranston5660]

TLDR: They emptied out the ballast for shallow running, then neglected to replace it when heading into deeper water, ship was top heavy and tipped over.

[@parzival-firsttothekey4299]

I'm learning so much about ships from this channel, and I never thought it'd interest me that much. I love it, please never stop making these videos

[@ron3557]

Such a beautiful vessel, sad this happened

[@RickC_]

Wow great discussion of ship transverse stability. Probably the most technical, but easy to understand, discussion I have seen on youtube.

[@ИванЛебедь-я2ф]

Love your videos, very interesting!

[@CasualNavigation]

Glad you like them!

[@alwaysbearded1]

This is why it pays to have people check your work so obvious errors get caught. Great presentation and just enough theory to understand without bogging down in details.

[@kaikart123]

In the IT world this is called "paired programming", in the diving world this is called "buddy system", we need more system like this to be implemented.

[@ghoward912]

The salvage costs actually exceeded $1 billion!

[@anara5570]

I am far from ships as one can be ( think of an office clerk), but this channel is so beautifully designed and explained that I subscribed to it and can't stop watching. 👀👍💖💖💖

[@donnakawana]

As I've worked on vessels before... It's unusual to open a door an just leave it thru such a long trip. I don't understand why he did that... Our captain wud only open those doors when pilot boat was coming.... WOW !! ✌🏼💗😊❣️

[@gravitron12]

This was the first video I watched from the channel and my immediate thoughts are, you got my subscription. That was well detailed and entertaining. 👍

[@ishouldexpandmytasteincheese]

Love me casual navigation fridays, great stuff

[@CasualNavigation]

Glad you like them!

[@BattleGrown]

When I was a chief mate, one of the first things when I got onboard was to check TPC graph (tons per centimeter, it shows how many tons are needed to be loaded to the ship to immerse it 1 more centimeter, calculated differently by the difference in the trim of the ship). After loading, even a 5 cm difference in mean draught made me freak out and triple check everything, but sometimes you just can't find the cause, it can be the constant weight on board, it can be that the cargo weight was declared incorrectly, it can be that the bosun performed the ballast sounding carelessly. Still, if the difference amounts to 1500 tons, captain will be notified that's for sure.

[@bannah6400]

Pick up your cross and follow Jesus! The world is quickly headed for destruction, and sooner or later you will have to sit at the judgement seat and give an account for your actions. Belief in messiah alone is not enough to grant you salvation - Matthew 7:21-23, John 3:3, John 3:36 (ESV is the best translation for John 3:36). Call on the name of Jesus and pray for Him to intervene in your life! - Revelation 3:20. Contemplate how the Roman Empire fulfilled the role of the beast from the sea in Revelation 13. Revelation 17 confirms that it is in fact Rome. From this we can conclude that A) Jesus is the Son of God and can predict the future or make it happen, B) The world leaders/nations/governments etc have been conspiring together for the last 3000+ years going back to Babylon and before, C) History as we know it is fake. You don't really need to speculate once you start a relationship with God tho. Can't get a response from God? Fasting can help increase your perception and prayer can help initiate events. God will ignore you if your prayer does not align with His purpose (James 4:3) or if you are approaching Him when "unclean" (Isaiah 1:15, Isaiah 59:2, Micah 3:4). Stop eating food sacrificed to idols (McDonald's, Wendy's etc) stop glorifying yourself on social media or making other images of yourself (Second Commandment), stop gossiping about other people, stop watching obscene content etc and you should get a response. Have a blessed day!

[@floramew]

Very interesting! Thanks for sharing

[@CasualNavigation]

Thanks for watching!

[@SomeSmallFish]

Great stuff! I'm embarrassed to say I didn't hear about this happening, and I'm from Georgia myself.

[@2905sid]

It's crazy to me how ships are less expensive compared to aircraft. A ship as big as that costs little more than 737-8 MAX.

[@kommandantgalileo]

Aircraft are extremely complex, there are a lot of costs, from materials to design

[@m1co294]

@@kommandantgalileo not to mention it flies

[@kommandantgalileo]

@@m1co294 yup

[@CoreyChambersLA]

A billion dollars in damages from a minor error. Crewing a RORO ship is like sailing on a big piece of swiss cheese while trying to keep all of the holes plugged, while an elephant is sitting on it.

[@electric7487]

I've heard of a running joke in the maritime world that says RORO actually stands for "roll on, roll over".

[@indridcold8433]

Wow! Leaving the pilot door open was really a bone-headed move. Even if the computer had the right figures, and everything was correct as far as ballast, closing the pilot door just seems like something so simple and obvious to do.

[@toddkes5890]

So the Captain should had someone someone stationed by the door so if the ship starts heeling too far over, that person slams their hand on the emergency-shut button and the door closes ASAP?

[@indridcold8433]

@@toddkes5890 The pilot door should have been closed after the boarding. However, having an extra person stationed to be responsible for the pilot door closure would be brilliant thing to so nobody overlooks the closing. I like the way you think.

[@tjampman]

@@indridcold8433 Actually I just found out, the problem was not not only that the pilot door was open, it was that they had 2 water tight doors open from the pilot boarding area into the ship allowing water to flood deck 5 and the engineering passageway incl engine room and steering gear room.

[@Yora21]

Vaasa: "First time?"

[@indridcold8433]

@@tjampman It sounds like the ship was being ran in the most sloppy of ways.

[@chadj.w.anderson5473]

Wow, extensive and thorough overview of what happened to this ship. Subscribed. God bless.

[@bigpig187]

8:16 I'm not sure all the cars would have stayed in place with a 83° angle Awesome channel btw !

[@CasualNavigation]

Thanks bigpig

[@jonasstahl9826]

Dont know the requirement for ship, but on trucks, they shouldnt move if they are probably secured, of course you have much higher G-Forces on trucks.

[@tjampman]

@@jonasstahl9826 The do get lashed to stay in place, but I doubt the lashing are strong enough to hold them in place when the ship is capsizing. I found a small video here, kzbin.info/www/bejne/mIDXhaCsfM2larc showing how they are lashed, I am pretty convinced about my above statement.

[@jonasstahl9826]

@@tjampman I dont think so, the tow hook of most car is on the right side. When the ship roll to the right side, the cars still can flip over because the suspension compresses and allow some movement, but they would stay in place, just tip over to the side That way would work if the straps had enough tension to compress the suspension. Or the tow hooks would be in the center. That will just pretend the cars from moving sideways, but that is enough for a ship.

[@scottlewisparsons9551]

Thank you for another interesting video. Have a good day from Sydney Australia 🇦🇺

[@drewdavis2392]

Interesting video. I'd followed the story as it happened, but I appreciate the technical details on the final analysis of what happened. Just so you know, the local pronunciation of Sidney Lanier's last name is two syllables, "la-NEER" rather than "LAN-ee-Ay". Though I'm pretty sure that had nothing to do with the ship overturning.

[@CasualNavigation]

Cheers Drew. I'll try to remember that for next time.

[@Unownshipper]

I was going to mention that too, but I didn't want to make a similar comment if someone else had already addressed it. Glad I checked. It's simple and very minor error, anyone could've mispronounced it.

[@drewdavis2392]

@@Unownshipper Absolutely. "Lan-ee-ay" is a good guess -- it might well have had that French-style pronunciation (especially had it been Louisiana instead of Georgia). It's American English -- so many influences from so many directions it's hard to know which of the seven or ten sets of rules that each word might without actually hearing it. As long as I've gone off on a tangent, I might as well add that Sidney Lanier was a musician and poet. One of the works he's remembered for is the poem "The Marshes of Glynn", part of a set inspired by the salt marshes of the Glynn County wetlands, which surround Brunswick. Hence naming a local bridge after him. All of this information will be very helpful the next time you're trying to get the weight and balance calculations correct while loading your next cargo.

[@fahrgast237]

I saw this ship a few months before it sank. I was driving over the Chesapeake Bay Bridge and saw a brand new car carrier headed up the bay and about to pass under the bridge. I looked it up on the marine traffic app (as I was stuck in a traffic jam) to get the name. My impression was "that ship is brand-spanking new", and it was. Just a little more insult to injury in this case. Great video, thanks.

[@testytester4136]

Your Channel is getting better and better all the time! Fantastic video

[@CasualNavigation]

Thanks Testy

[@ComputerRouter]

Great video, your animation is amazing This level of detail is getting a little too technical for me, but I'm sure many of your subscribers crave even more... Usually you get the balance spot on, also you can't please everyone Maybe varying the levels of detail to see what is the most popular, before considering a split to a second channel

[@Aaron-be2pt]

First time seeing one of your videos, but wow, it's very well done. Great voice, very clear, and the animations and information is top notch. Thanks!

[@ugcheleuce]

So, the title is clickbait. There was no typo.

[@justintaylor1996]

Thanks for the video! Really great animations in this one - especially with the computer UIs!

[@CasualNavigation]

Thanks Justin. This one took a little longer than usual, but its good to always be pushing to improve.

[@bryanbrasher3831]

Definitely should do more accident case studies! Great video!

[@shadowtrooper4435]

I know it's for stability, but I've alway found the purpose of ballast tanks amusing. You basically have to fill your ship with water...so that your ship doesn't fill with water. On a serious note, this was a very good video. I enjoy well researched and simple, yet effective animations to help deliver the point. This video is a prime example of that.

[@foute90s]

I love the format of this video. Diving into very technical reports in an understandable way

[@beeble2003]

Nice video, but that wasn't a typo. A typo is where you intend to enter one number but hit the wrong key and enter a different one. These guys just entered the wrong data, as you explain at the end.

[@jay.instro.2361]

Your animation game has improved so much. This is a really good video.

[@robertgift]

Well done and illustrated! Thank you.

[@lornemalvo4492]

Thank you for explaining what G-M is so clearly. I fully understand it now which feels awesome

[@kannankrishnamoorthy7797]

Now that's how you explain stuff to a layman. Excellent keep it going.

[@bradysmith6188]

Got to see the Golden Ray salvage operation. Really a marvel how they cut the ship into sections and then put the sections on a barge before towing it to the scrappers.

[@broganoverholser6016]

I live right where the ship capsized, and I remember seeing that thing out there for two whole years. It still feels weird not seeing it anymore

[@Mike16339]

I remember flying over this ship in the inlet a few times when going to SSI airport. It was quite a shock the first time I seen it, it was there for months I believe.

[@Oxycodone_s]

I love how the most replayed part of the video is the end of the sponsor :)

[@gworfish]

I love the accident report episodes. We can't get better if we don't know what goes wrong.

[@jviation737]

Some of the instrument approaches into SSI can give some really nice views of the capsized ship, super cool to see from above!

[@MonolithproductionsT]

I love casual navigation so so so so so much

[@JulieWallis1963]

I had never given a moments thought to how much maths was involved in being in charge of a cargo ship. Or how much damage they could cause.