GPAT Exclusive= Antidote for Organophosphorus Poisoning | Atropine Mechanism of Action as Antidotes

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Organophosphate compounds are used as commercial insecticides (isulfoton, phorate, dimethoate, ciodrin, dichlorvos, dioxathion, ruelene, carbophenothion, supona, TEPP, EPN, HETP, parathion, malathion, ronnel, coumaphos, diazinon, trichlorfon, paraoxon, potasan, dimefox, mipafox, schradan, sevin, and dimetonor) in chemical warfare (nerve gases such as tabun and sarin) and are applied as aerosols or dusts. They can be rapidly absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes or by inhalation.
Organophosphates are also used in ophthalmology - echothiopate is used to treat glaucoma.
mechanism of Toxicity = Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter at the cholinergic synaptic areas. And acetylcholinesterase enzyme degrades acetylcholine following stimulation of a nerve. Organophosphates are acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and they form a stable irreversible covalent bond to the enzyme. Organophosphates mediated inhibition of acetylcholinesterase causes acetylcholine to accumulate and results in initial excessive stimulation followed by depression.
In cholinergic junctions of the nervous system including postganglionic parasympathetic junctions (sites of muscarinic activity), autonomic ganglia and the neuromuscular junctions (sites of nicotinic activity) and certain synapses in the CNS all get affected by overstimulation by excessive acetylcholine.
Sign and Symptoms- (1) Muscarinic signs = (SLUDGE) salivation, lacrimation, urination, diaphoresis, gastrointestinal upset, emesis and progressing to bronchospasm, bronchorrhea, blurred vision, bradycardia or tachycardia, hypotension, confusion, and shock.
(2) Nicotinic effects = Skeletal muscle initially exhibits fasciculation (involuntary irregular, violent muscle contractions) followed by the inability to repolarize cell membranes resulting in weakness and paralysis. Severe reactions can lead to ventilatory failure and death (cholinergic crisis).
(1) Termination of the exposure including removing all soiled clothing. Gently cleanse with soap and water to hydrolyze organophosphate solutions. (2) Airway control and adequate oxygenation. Intubation may be necessary in cases of respiratory distress due to laryngospasm, bronchospasm, bronchorrhea, or seizures. Immediate aggressive use of atropine may eliminate the need for intubation. Succinylcholine should be avoided because it is degraded by AChE and may result in prolonged paralysis (3) Continuous cardiac monitoring and pulse oximetry should be established; an ECG should be performed. Torsades de Pointes should be treated in the standard manner. The use of intravenous magnesium sulfate has been reported as beneficial for organophosphate toxicity. The mechanism of action may involve acetylcholine antagonism or ventricular membrane stabilization. (4) Irrigate the eyes of patients who have had ocular exposure using isotonic sodium chloride solution or lactated Ringer’s solution. Morgan lenses can be used for eye irrigation.
(5) IV atropine- it is a competitive inhibitor. (6) IV pralidoxime- it reactivates acetylcholinesterase.
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[@mrcrazyexperiment432]

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Sir muze poisoning neuropathy with bl foot drop hai kya thik ho payenga kya Mai dobara chal paunga ki nahi

[@Humtoyatrihain]

Bhut shi tha 💯🙏

[@totalmedicine216]

ACH does not bind to nicotinic receptor,,what about those overstimulation

[@amitmajhi7642]

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[@solutionpharmacy]

Thank you. Sabhi ka nahi ban pata hi. Ko banta hai sabko aniation wale playlist me dal dete hai. Playlist check kijiye

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[@sujitnarnaware6301]

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[@solutionpharmacy]

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[@sujitnarnaware6301]

But sir you must also tell the drug with view of practice also, its dose and administration.

[@solutionpharmacy]

Sujit singh already explained in other parts. This was a general MOA

[@hemantkushwah3590]

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*Hello sir, please make a video on "how to prepare for MCQ format exam" for all students'*

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We have given many model paper as per mcqs there we share the tips

[@dasuninawoda7735]

Could u please do this lectures in English sir? It seems to be very understandable video but bcz of the language issue I couldnt get properly what u're saying. Btw ur illustrations were pretty understandable and thnk u very much sir

[@solutionpharmacy]

I will try my best

[@Amitjadhav14]

Sir ,one doubt , anticholinesterase ie. Organo phosphorus compounds are irreversible antagonist so how atropne reverse it's action . And abolish symptoms of organophosphate poisoning .. pls sir Resolve my query 🙏🙏

[@solutionpharmacy]

Kindly watch it again

[@angadsingh8944]

Sir atropin does not reactivate cholinestrase enzyme and also not mimic it activity. Its correct moa is it competitive bind to the muscrinic receptor and inhibit binding of ACH . Thus decrease ach action and treat poisoning.

[@amitmajhi7642]

Ky aap apka No. De skte ho

[@neelammainkar2982]

Department of chemistry from DAHIWADI COLLEGE

[@dr.chandrakantmagdum1735]

Dear sir 🌹 In animation video we will be change if Receptar drug antidote figure मुझे ये बदलाव कैसे करें यहां लीखकर समझाने नही आ रहा है क्या मै आपसे बात कर सकता हूं

[@solutionpharmacy]

Means

[@chrisn2568]

atropine only works in muscarinic receptor, not nicotinic

[@sabitasintan2696]

Sir why atropine is not true antidote for op poisoning?

[@solutionpharmacy]

Its effect is good

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shubham sharma sorry wo typing error ho gaya tha. Maine kaha ki ye video diploma aur digree dono ke liye hai

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Sir aap bhi toxicology ke vedio bana rahe hai toh kya aap inn vedio toxicokinetics add kar sakte hai sir? Reference book V v pilley modern toxicology book.

[@solutionpharmacy]

As per syllabus

[@shubhamkubade6829]

Ok sir

[@syedmansoorabbas5370]

Sorry to say sir but but the atropine mechanism of action that you describe is totally wrong.atropine is a competitive antagonist of acetylcholine means it binds to the muscarinic receptor in such a way that the receptor is not activated and block the binding of acetylcholine to muscarinic receptor and its action is inhibited.

[@solutionpharmacy]

I will check but we have followed the referred book.

[@syedmansoorabbas5370]

May i ask you the name of the book?

[@solutionpharmacy]

@@syedmansoorabbas5370 P jagdish prasad and Padmaja udaykumar.

[@sounoksengupta8753]

Yes sir he is right ...i watch the video for some confusion but after watch the video I am get more confused

[@rkv6475]

Yes sir atropine bind with muscarinic receptor and inhibit the ach to bind with M receptor Ref. Harrison

[@sanketshelake4214]

Nice sir

[@solutionpharmacy]

Thank you