Love your channel and the clear way you explain things. You live on a very interesting part of the planet, lots going on.
@OutThereLearning3 жыл бұрын
Thanks! Yes, it's an active land for sure
@ronmcgregor41804 жыл бұрын
Brilliant, absolutely loved this overview of NZ's formation boxed into 8min, makes you realise our existence is just a speck in time.
@OutThereLearning4 жыл бұрын
Thanks Ron!
@alexnichol34833 жыл бұрын
Where the hell was this channel when I was studying geology 20 years ago!
@OutThereLearning3 жыл бұрын
I don't think there was KZbin then!
@alexnichol34833 жыл бұрын
@@OutThereLearning well that just makes me feel old. Might need to get the Zimmer frame out to get around the outcrops soon
@lindacarruthers34233 жыл бұрын
How fortunate we are to know more about the physical history of the unique and beautiful land we love . Thank you
@OutThereLearning3 жыл бұрын
My thoughts too :-)
@Chris.Davies3 жыл бұрын
Thank you so much. It's always great to see Zealandia's great journey!
@OutThereLearning3 жыл бұрын
Thanks for your comment, glad you enjoyed it.
@muzikhed2 жыл бұрын
Captivating explanation. Fundamental knowledge for all New Zealanders. I always wondered what Greywacke was, so it can be both Sandstone and Siltstone.
@OutThereLearning2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for your comment 👍
@crochetingaroundnewzealand3 жыл бұрын
Thank you, very interesting!
@OutThereLearning3 жыл бұрын
You are welcome!
@TrainLordJC3 жыл бұрын
Just found this interesting and enlightening video describing the geology of NZ and subscribed immediately. I have watched all of Nick Zentner's geology lectures on Washington state with interest and as a world traveller it pleases me to understand the amazing complexity of geologic issues of our amazing world and its natural forces. I will continue to watch and learn more. Greetings from the Train Lord in South Australia.
@OutThereLearning3 жыл бұрын
Thanks for your comment. Glad you liked it
@J-CBertrand-tp6bg3 ай бұрын
I never knew the South Island used to be up against the North Island like that and migrated down. So fascinating 😀👍‼️Great job explaining.
@OutThereLearning3 ай бұрын
Yes- Thanks for your appreciation!
@user-cr5yy4te3i3 ай бұрын
A very good explanation of an exceedingly complex geological region.
@OutThereLearning3 ай бұрын
Thank you!
@bb54321abc3 жыл бұрын
Great presentations. Very informative and easily understandable. Thank you.
@OutThereLearning3 жыл бұрын
Thank you for your kind comment
@K1w1scot8 ай бұрын
Pleasure meeting you in Oamaru today ( and please excuse the intrusion). Would so have loved to pick your brains a bit but I guess I'll do that if (when) you come back down here on an official visit for the Geopark seminars.
@OutThereLearning8 ай бұрын
Nice to meet you Andy, thanks for saying hi, not an intrusion at all!
@davidhussell85813 жыл бұрын
Thank you very much for these fascinating accounts. You are bringing my university degree, which included geology, up to date. What a wonderful world we live on !
@OutThereLearning3 жыл бұрын
Thank you for your comment David
@nobody83284 жыл бұрын
Excellent explanation! 💖
@OutThereLearning4 жыл бұрын
Thanks!
@cingbur78243 жыл бұрын
Great information , well explained. It gives me a better understanding of all plate tectonics. Thank you.
@OutThereLearning3 жыл бұрын
Thanks - glad it was helpful
@kennethmcalpine32323 жыл бұрын
Excellent. Concise, informative and no waffling. Thank you.
@OutThereLearning3 жыл бұрын
Thanks for your positive feedback!
@cristinaspinka23193 жыл бұрын
The presenter is very personable. Great stuff..thank you.
@OutThereLearning3 жыл бұрын
🙂 thanks
@danielirvin44203 жыл бұрын
I live on the same type of rock here in Nova Scotia. Some of the coastal scenes are very familiar looking.
@OutThereLearning3 жыл бұрын
Nice one.
@BobbyClements2 жыл бұрын
Cape Bretoner here currently in New Zealand 👋🏻 I find the coastlines here so similar to home and its probably why I don't feel so far away 🌿🌄🇨🇦🇳🇿
@christinedaly2694Ай бұрын
Thank you very informative great learning about our geography of nz
@OutThereLearningАй бұрын
@@christinedaly2694 cheers!
@riverAmazonNZ3 жыл бұрын
I learned about greywacke as a kid. If you make a fire outdoors, and you surround it with a ring of (river) rocks, some of the rocks will crack and explode, from the heat. The adults said, ‘Oh, that’s greywacke. Don’t choose those ones for the fire, they pop.’ The idea was they contain water deep inside, but that was speculation, I don’t know if they do.
@gardenia73mccready793 жыл бұрын
Yes good reply I heard that too from watching guys n gals Off The Grid wild camping in the bush.
@OutThereLearning3 жыл бұрын
I think it is more likely that they have planes of weakness so that when the outer part of the rock heats and expands, they easily crack apart
@philipwilkie32393 жыл бұрын
Many thanks. I spent some months working with the late Dr Chris Ward doing field work in Dusky Sound in the early 70's, and along the way I picked up an enduring, if rudimentary interest in geology. Part of me finds these videos you're making here almost unreasonably satisfying and not a little nostalgic
@OutThereLearning3 жыл бұрын
Thanks for your comments - great that you like the videos :-)
@grendel_nz2 жыл бұрын
I've always been fascinated by how the subduction zone seems to twist under Southland. Plate subducting under east side of North Island, yet pops out the SW corner of South Island subducting in the other direction. The Zealandia continental plate history helps explain this, but it's still really weird and amazing to me :)
@revelationreflection3 жыл бұрын
Great summary! Thanks from Sweden
@OutThereLearning3 жыл бұрын
Glad you enjoyed it!
@davidalexanderlourie43714 ай бұрын
It would be interesting to include the weathering and erosion and uplift processes resulting from changes in sea-level during and between ice ages. During ice ages when sea level dropped 140m for about 100,000 years there must have been terrestrial plant and animal species living on what is now sea floor.. including swampland and forests and aquatic lakes.
@OutThereLearning4 ай бұрын
Great idea
@mbvoelker84483 жыл бұрын
That is absolutely fascinating.
@OutThereLearning3 жыл бұрын
Glad you think so!
@Danh10411 күн бұрын
Well done, very informative
@OutThereLearning10 күн бұрын
Thank you
@Wodenthrall3 ай бұрын
Awesome, Well done and thank you
@OutThereLearning3 ай бұрын
Cheers!!
@zinny543 жыл бұрын
Good outline. Well done.
@OutThereLearning3 жыл бұрын
Thanks!
@gardenia73mccready793 жыл бұрын
I am forever grateful, educated, amazed at what I have learnt here by exceptional 'Kiwi' & the many hours putting all this powerful information together that formed our land & this Southern part of a awesome Planet we call Home. Kia Ora (aha so Northern Kiwi you could be called Mozzies) sorry tongue in cheek - all the same love these video's.
@OutThereLearning3 жыл бұрын
Thank you for such a kind comment
@lindaj5492 Жыл бұрын
Mind-blowing stuff. Reminds me of the clock face metaphor showing the timescale of the formation of our planet, with emergence of early hominids at just a few milliseconds before the top of the circle (maybe even micro-seconds). And here we are, close to eliminating ourselves from the picture 😢. Maybe you could include that clock face in one of your videos?
@OutThereLearning Жыл бұрын
Thanks for your comment and your suggestion!
@uncletiggermclaren75923 ай бұрын
Very interesting. Thank you.
@OutThereLearning3 ай бұрын
Thanks!
@chrissy70334 жыл бұрын
Thank you..I have shared on our FB page Kiwiquakes to show our members
@OutThereLearning3 жыл бұрын
great!
@consciuosnesssoul4 жыл бұрын
Clear and enjoyable story of NZ. Real good us of my lesson preparation time.
@OutThereLearning4 жыл бұрын
Thanks!
@manininikolas93102 жыл бұрын
That s why you find jade in South Island bravo very good look on the geological point of view
@OutThereLearning2 жыл бұрын
Cheers!
@suzannewalker900510 ай бұрын
Thank you. This was a very clear explanation, and very interesting
@OutThereLearning10 ай бұрын
Thanks!
@davecurtis88332 жыл бұрын
Very interesting and brilliant channel. Even in the past, Zealandia was a submerged continent?
@OutThereLearning2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for your comment
@barron2042 жыл бұрын
He best explanation I have seen.
@OutThereLearning2 жыл бұрын
Thank you, much appreciated :-)
@Terrestrial..13 ай бұрын
Rock strata shows Kahurangi national park moved up from Southern Mount aspiring National park.
@OutThereLearning3 ай бұрын
Indeed - the total displacement along the Alpine Fault is about 480 km!
@grendel_nz2 жыл бұрын
Excellent context for all your other clearly explained vids. Many thanks :) 👩🦳👵👩🏼🎓🧘🏼♀️
@OutThereLearning2 жыл бұрын
Thank you!
@acebacker13 жыл бұрын
Beautiful summary. Thank you
@OutThereLearning3 жыл бұрын
Thanks!
@chrissy70332 жыл бұрын
thank you.that was awesome
@OutThereLearning2 жыл бұрын
Cheers! Glad you think so
@YaMumsSpecialFriend3 жыл бұрын
Fascinating 🖖🏼
@OutThereLearning3 жыл бұрын
Agreed!
@getzvalerevich65652 жыл бұрын
Very nice. Thanks
@OutThereLearning2 жыл бұрын
Most welcome
@KozmykJ3 жыл бұрын
Fascinating stuff.
@OutThereLearning3 жыл бұрын
Glad you think so!
@ctrl19612 жыл бұрын
Fantastic. Thank you for this content!
@OutThereLearning2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for your appreciation!
@annemariemead88214 жыл бұрын
Lachlan and I really enjoyed this video!
@OutThereLearning4 жыл бұрын
That's great - thank you
@retimixshotcrete58703 жыл бұрын
Great knowledge
@OutThereLearning3 жыл бұрын
Thanks!
@brianwheeldon46432 жыл бұрын
Extremely interesting, thank you.
@OutThereLearning2 жыл бұрын
Glad you think so!
@7eVen.si626 ай бұрын
It fascinates me that parts of Gondwana land is still visible on the coast lines of New-Zealand.
@julietmarsh49732 жыл бұрын
That was great. Thanks so much.
@OutThereLearning2 жыл бұрын
You're very welcome!
@Shaun.Stephens2 жыл бұрын
Awesome stuff. It makes me feel a bit safer living in Auckland, I can see I'm a little bit away from the faultline. Cheers.
@OutThereLearning2 жыл бұрын
Yep - just watch for magma coming up from below!
@Shaun.Stephens2 жыл бұрын
@@OutThereLearning Heh! Yeah I saw that in a video you did about the Hikurangi subduction. Water in the inter-plate slurry. Cheers.
@gaius_enceladus3 жыл бұрын
Great video! One thing I have wondered about for ages - greywacke seems to be very poor when it comes to fossils - especially fossils of large animals and plants. Why is that? What is it about greywacke that makes it not contain these fossils? Given that much of NZ has been underwater for ages, I would expect to see (for example) **lots** of plesiosaur and mosasaur fossils but there are very few!
@OutThereLearning3 жыл бұрын
Fair point. The sediments were laid down quite far away from land in relatively sparsely inhabited water, and were also very mildly metamorphosed by burial which might have had some impact. As you say there have been a few isolated vertebrate fossils found, but mainly just worm borrows and other trace fossils of bottom dwellers.
@grendel_nz2 жыл бұрын
Surely larger animals weren't around when this sediment was being built up?
@paulthomson22882 жыл бұрын
Amateur geologist Joan Wiffen in the 70s managed to find alot of fossils in very remote areas of Hawke's Bay. There's probably still more to be discovered if you're prepared to do some serious tramping expeditions.
@huttboynz44222 жыл бұрын
Have you been up to Boulder hill in the Belmont regional park? Love to know your thoughts on the boulders up there.
@OutThereLearning2 жыл бұрын
Great question. They are basically super hard concretions that have eroded out of the greywacke and been left stranded as the softer material eroded away. You can find them all over the hill tops and gathered in the valley bottoms too. Thanks for watching
@huttboynz44222 жыл бұрын
@@OutThereLearning thanks for the reply and I thoroughly enjoy your videos!
@outthere93703 ай бұрын
My understanding of this event is that the eroded "debris" was deposited into a huge basin? Was there a "basin? Thanks for the informative explanation
@richardsbooth4 жыл бұрын
Not sure I subscribe yet to the New Continent theory due to a lack of basement igneous rock / Gneiss, unless there are deep cores I see it as erosional material from Gondwana sitting on a Basaltic base which has undergone subsequent rifting.Thus an accretionary prism. Ancient igneous provinces such as those in Canada, South Africa have their roots extending deep into the upper Mantle. is there evidence of older basement rock - beyond the middle Cambrian ? Enjoyed the video - a link to the description of the source of the Torlesse supergroup and the timing - Permo triassic ( the Mass dying) a worthwhile mention.
@OutThereLearning4 жыл бұрын
Thanks for your thoughtful comment. We know it is continental crust from extensive gravity and seismic surveys (seismic velocities) that tell us that the crust is very thick and that there is no oceanic crust underneath Zealandia.
@DrMikeAtOtago4 жыл бұрын
Good question. You are correct that the greywacke sediments were originally deposited along the eastern margin of the ancient continent of Gondwana in a trench where the adjacent oceanic crust was subducting down to the west. That convergent motion caused the sediments to be scraped off and "accreted" to the easternmost edge of the old continent. Inside this so-called accretionary prism (wedge), the sediments were faulted and folded over each other and the ones forced deepest - those closest to the old continent - were metamorphosed into schist and gneiss. Granitic magmas of what would eventually become the Median Batholith intruded along the boundary between the old continent and younger accreted sediments and metamorphosed rock to "stitch" the two together. When this composite ribbon of older and younger rock split from Gondwana, Zealandia was born. The new continent is quite literally a chip off the old block, but only in part because it also includes the newly added rocks of the Median Batholith.
@jacksonzheng42883 жыл бұрын
Very useful for my uni assignment! Thank you. This is way interesting than the geo here in Sydney....:)
@OutThereLearning3 жыл бұрын
Glad it was helpful!
@grizzz68843 жыл бұрын
hi great vids . have you done any work on the catlins mountain range , that goes 90 degrees to the southern alps , that is also incredibly straight as well . another strange place , i am curious about is albatross point at kawhia , which a classic up lift on one side and on the other side it goes down in to the sea , with a very straight edge .
@OutThereLearning3 жыл бұрын
Hi there, thanks for your comment and questions. I haven't much knowledge of the Catlins, but I think the overall structural alignment E to W is a remnant of the deformation (folding) along the Gondwana margin due to plate collision at that time. Further west this alignment has been smeared northwards by movement along the Alpine Fault. Cheers, Julian
@grendel_nz2 жыл бұрын
Excellent extra info in answer there Julian. Many thanks. I do find that whole Southland geology fascinating. Although too cold for me to spend much time down there!!
@dancummane36682 жыл бұрын
Awesome
@OutThereLearning2 жыл бұрын
Thanks!
@GedMaybury233 жыл бұрын
Julian - I've just noticed that once this vid getts into the screen-shots/maps-sequence, the visuals I'm seeing are well ahead of the spoken word. Example: At 1:59 the cursor is circling/indicating the deep-ocean layer (coloured blue) to the west of Fiordland, yet the voiceover makes no reference to this until 2:18. Similarly - at 2:25 the cursor start pointing to the undersea drill-sites, yet the voiceover does not get to this detail until 2:43. (the same lag-time; approx 19sec.) It makes it very difficult to follow. I've made video-sequences myself, and it's dashedly difficult getting things to exactly match up, so you have my sympathies. And I also know that youtube vids cannot easily be edited once uploaded - except to clip their toes or tails off. Good luck!
@GedMaybury233 жыл бұрын
It comes right at about 5:50.
@GedMaybury233 жыл бұрын
And it is still, overall, a thoroughly detailed walk-through. Thx!
@OutThereLearning3 жыл бұрын
Hi Ged, Actually the cursor lines up fine with the narration when I look at it. Could your playback have been slowed down in some way perhaps? Either way it isn't possible to change at this point ! Thanks for your interest and your comments
@GedMaybury233 жыл бұрын
@@OutThereLearning Extraordinary! Okay, then, if it looks good at your end, then I'll rest my case. I've seen crazier things on the internet!!
@jackieking15224 ай бұрын
And the city of Porirua!!
@schlookie2 жыл бұрын
Awesome video! Which institutions do you recommend, to study geo science in NZ?
@OutThereLearning2 жыл бұрын
Don't have the knowledge to compare them, sorry, but I am confident that all the main uni earth science courses will be good
@robmiller19642 жыл бұрын
Thanks
@OutThereLearning2 жыл бұрын
Cheers
@ironclay39393 ай бұрын
A! this is valuable and as a Kiwi Very Very interesting - like shit loads interesting ... this is why New Zealand is Slipping/Washing away in Northland.
@jackpotbear45593 жыл бұрын
You're crushing it
@OutThereLearning3 жыл бұрын
Cheers!
@charliebrown65143 жыл бұрын
This is what I called it for years ROTTEN ROCK
@OutThereLearning3 жыл бұрын
🙂 especially if you were a climber!
@charliebrown65143 жыл бұрын
@@OutThereLearning I was a hunter in the Coromandel lots of it up there
@spun83893 жыл бұрын
Is there any interest in the Mangatainoka area the landscape there is quite different. Did some fencing up in the top hills, seeing this made me wonder if it’s similar.
@OutThereLearning3 жыл бұрын
I'm not familiar with the area there, but you are likely to be in much younger (2 to 4 million years old) gravels, silts and limestones from a time just before that part of the Wairarapa was uplifted above sea level. But don't quote me!
@macking1043 жыл бұрын
I think the Australia/Gwondona map is too new. Thought that Stavely arc in western Victoria is 500+Ma and Macquarie arc in NSW is about 450Ma
@muzikhed13 күн бұрын
On watching again, can I asume that this Gondwana Greywacke sediment stone is the oldest rock to be found in NZ ?
@user-qr8jg4co7z2 ай бұрын
Show us graphics of future movement please 🙏
@suehowie1523 жыл бұрын
Wow!
@OutThereLearning3 жыл бұрын
That's the sort of response I like :-)
@user-ii1iy8fz1d3 жыл бұрын
Thankyou
@OutThereLearning3 жыл бұрын
You’re welcome 😊
@ewenfraser883 Жыл бұрын
Do you have an explanation for why zealandia separated from Gondwana? Is the Tasman sea still increasing in width?
@OutThereLearning Жыл бұрын
Thanks for your interest and question. The Tasman sea was opening from about 85 to 55 million years ago but has stopped expanding since then. Why subduction stopped and Zealandia rifted away from Gondwana is a great question and a bit too much to go into here, especially as I don't know the full answer! Basically plate boundaries evolve and shift through time. If you think globally, when one subduction zone initiates another will stop somewhere else and vice versa.
@goldpanfam63782 жыл бұрын
I might have missed the bit where you explain what greywacke is ? Is it just sedimentary rock ? does it occur elsewhere in the world and if not why? Cheers
@OutThereLearning2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for your question. Greywacke is a type of sandstone with mixed sized particles, typically created by marine avalanches that form deep sea turbidite deposits. Also found in other parts of the world such as the UK and South Africa.
@goldpanfam63782 жыл бұрын
@@OutThereLearning Thanks! :)
@ironclay39393 ай бұрын
Oh Great New Zealand is built of Sand Stone ... yeah I deliberately hit Enter Sand stone ... ok there is some Bedrock but most is sandstone - like yesterday - as opposed to a week ago
@allgood67603 жыл бұрын
NZ is a good place👍🇳🇿
@OutThereLearning3 жыл бұрын
Yep - for sure!
@andyharpist29382 жыл бұрын
200 million years x 50mm\yr = 10,000 km. Seems about right.
@biosdaddy Жыл бұрын
Is it greywacke or Metagreywacke?
@dracovenit95492 жыл бұрын
Rule Zealandia, Zealandia rues the whales!
@OutThereLearning2 жыл бұрын
:-)
@tobeyjsykes3 жыл бұрын
sup 10b
@alexcraig67563 жыл бұрын
sup classbuddy
@kaylasutton49023 жыл бұрын
@@alexcraig6756 ok
@andyharpist29382 жыл бұрын
Greywacky?? That's not Nice.
@OutThereLearning2 жыл бұрын
True
@sheldonhauraki92673 жыл бұрын
Do you think there is gold in those hills.
@OutThereLearning3 жыл бұрын
There is gold in some parts of New Zealand, and there was a gold rush in Otago in the 1860s. So there you go!
@sheldonhauraki92673 жыл бұрын
@@OutThereLearning thank you for your reply. Your uploads are really interesting
@stewatparkpark29333 жыл бұрын
Gold was mined on Terawhiti Station just west of Wellington city . There are mining tunnels still there to this day if you know where to look .