Habitable Planets LIKE Earth... But BETTER! | Worldbuilding

Episode 5: Worldbuilding Habitable Planets
In this video we discuss worldbuilding habitable planets, what makes them habitable in the first place, and why an atmosphere of sulfuric acid is probably not suitable for life.
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WORLDBUILDING CORNER: www.worldbuildingcorner.com
Solar System Builder: www.worldbuildingcorner.com/r...
Artifexian Earth-Like Temperatures: • Designing Earth-like A...
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All music, images, and other media used in this video are available for commercial use with Creative Commons licensing, found on www.pixabay.com and www.pexels.com.

[@HADESthe3RD]

The way you explain is so easy to understand and catchy.

[@WorldbuildingCorner]

Thanks for the positive feedback! Much appreciated :)

[@phoenixfiare60]

This channel is like a fantasy-coded Artifexian and I love it

[@Rei_geDo]

Really glad I found this channel. Keep up this quality and you'll grow fast.

[@WorldbuildingCorner]

Thank you and welcome! :)

[@kozytime3232]

Subscribing right away. Love the set up and the goal. I am a final year meteorology major who also runs a major homebrew campaign so a mixture of science and world building is amazing. If you ever need help on the meteorological aspects I’m happy to review stuff. Keep up the awesome work!

[@WorldbuildingCorner]

Thanks for the positive feedback! There is content planned very soon for meteorological worldbuilding, like ocean currents and wind patterns, so stay tuned! Meteorology is fascinating, and it's always enjoyable to introduce some cool weather patterns into the worldbuilding process. Hope what I've put together lives up to standard!

[@lyrigageforge3259]

​@@WorldbuildingCorner Hello, you want to add an old alien 'structure' or some kind of traces of it on your planet. Now I have been toying around with an idea about a planet that generates intelligent life twice. And reading into some of the related factors - as this isn't really an idea original to me - meaning others have thought about that too, even in context of Earth. And it is apparently, to put it shortly possible that even on Earth an advanced civilization of other beings could have evolved before us - and we would have nearly no traces of it having ever existed. You see, while for example the pyramids of Egypt are still there to be seen - the reality is that nature would corrode, erode and grind away all such built environments with enough time. So if you wanted your aliens to find those traces - you would be working within a time frame for your world's intelligent life to evolve and still be able to find any traces - possibly only via means of archaeology or actually tracing down the more settle signs as in chemical traces left Behring. And it having been used as a mining location rather than full planetary civilization would even then make it practically impossible depending on how much time has passed - especially because you would have to work with finding traces of industrial gasses left within ice type of a thing. Some how stored into lasting layers of the planets surface be that soil, stone or ice - to be more accurate. On Earth this would be called Silurian Hypothesis - as in if there were intelligent dinos of which we don't know anything about cause only like 1-2% of all dinos that ever existed are even possible to discover in form of fossils. Or at least that's where this idea originates from (Doctor Who). But as I am not enough well advised about the matter - I'll leave some quotes here: 'When it comes to the hunt for advanced extraterrestrial civilizations that might exist across the cosmos, one must reckon with the knowledge that the universe is about 13.8 billion years old. In contrast, complex life has existed on Earth’s surface for only about 400 million years, and humans have developed industrial civilizations in only the past 300 years. This raises the possibility that industrial civilizations might have been around long before human ones ever existed - not just around other stars, but even on Earth itself.' (The Washington Post) 'Artifacts of human or other industrial civilizations are unlikely to be found on a planet’s surface after about 4 million years, wrote Frank and study co-author Gavin Schmidt, director of NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies. For instance, they noted that urban areas currently take up less than 1 percent of Earth’s surface and that complex items, even from early human technology, are very rarely found.' (The Washington Post) 'One may also find it difficult to unearth fossils of any beings who might have lived in industrial civilizations, the scientists added. The fraction of life that gets fossilized is always extremely small: Of all the many dinosaurs that ever lived, for example, only a few thousand nearly complete fossil specimens have been discovered. Given that the oldest known fossils of Homo sapiens are only about 300,000 years old, there is no certainty that our species might even appear in the fossil record in the long run, they added.' (The Washington Post) Instead, the researchers suggested looking for more-subtle evidence of industrial civilizations in the geological records of Earth or other planets. The scientists focused on looking at the signs of civilization that humans might create during the Anthropocene, the geological age of today, characterized by humans’ influence on the planet.... “After a few million years, any physical reminder of your civilization may be gone, so you have to look for sedimentary anomalies, things like different chemical balances that just look wacky,” Frank said.' (The Washington Post) From other sources - I have gathered, like stated before that also our industrial traces that would have ended up from atmosphere into ice at the poles may hold some signs, if set ice has actually not melted fully within the time. Speaking of which, if I did not get it wrong - would mean that we can even find one single prior example of when our atmosphere would have gone through similar climate changes as we are facing right now. HOWEVER - that is by no means a sign that could not be natural. Because there are specific natural events that can cause similar affects. Very large increase in volcanic activity. Huge releases of specific gases from beneath the sea. And one more thing, which I can't remember at this moment. But that info is out there. Or then we could be talking about a combination there of. The difference with those earlier records of similar affects on Earth's atmosphere and today is that - well - today we know for certain that it isn't caused by such natural events, that could lead to such traces. And thus - well we are most certainly at fault for the climate change. The point how ever being that these kind of - far more settle signs of possibly intelligent life having been on the planet before are about the last possible way speculate if it could have existed on a planet before. And so - you would really need to figure out how or why set alien structures could last for the new intelligent life to find it. And note this - if you find your self in a position where you may even have to speed up events, in order to make specific things possible happening on a planet... I mean, you can't squeeze that time-frame in geological sense, cause that would generally generate massive amounts of heat. There are those YEC aka young earth creationists in US, who try to squeeze even the movement of the continents from being one mass of land into where they are today - within time frame less than 5K years, just to somehow imagine it possible that all animals could have found their way onto Noah's Ark. (Massive LOL!) If that even was possible, I mean to literally, visually see the continents move that fast, or even if took all the 5K years - Earth would not have any seas for the ark to sail on, cause all that water would have vaporized. Come to think, some of the rock too, turning at least into plasma, making Earth into a rocky planet turned a sun - just cause of all the energy involved to make that happen, lol, it would need to go somewhere. And no we would not be living here, no humans, no animals nothing - it would still be too hot - cause, well, that heat just does not vanish that well into space - space is really bad for transferring heat. And yea that does mean that it is also a problem on any and all space stations, bases and star ships. So nope - you just do not get rid of so much heat that fast. After all it would have been equivalent of crashing a multitude of nukes on every darn square inch of the planet. So my point is that specific things just take massively time. In the example case, the movement of the continents. And at the same time, massively long time periods are truly capable of making all signs of intelligent life vanish. Possibly eventually even those chemical and geological minute traces that show some kind of unusual differences to otherwise usual features. It is very likely that the longest possibly traceable signs left of prior intelligent life would be nuclear waste, but even then you are working with time-frame. (Related to nuclear waste - seek for a video on how Finland stores it's nuclear waste, cause that kind of facility may perhaps last notably long, given that it is located in geologically very stable bedrock and mos advanced containment systems.) I'll leave here the article which I quoted rather generously. But you can search more on the topic and also on topics like Superearths, Earth -like exoplanets, planets in goldilock zone and so on. Sure I do assume you have searched those things by now, more that that you would not have. It just poked at a topic interesting for me - when we start talking about weather it would be possible to find traces about prior intelligent life existing or visiting or mining on the planet your species later evolved on. And the very core of my point here - want that to be the case - you are suddenly working with very specific kinds of time frames. www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/could-intelligent-life-have-existed-on-earth-millions-of-years-before-humans/2018/04/20/9b13e7ac-433a-11e8-8569-26fda6b404c7_story.html

[@pk9102]

2nd subscriber. Will be watching the channel's growth in the future.

[@andresmarrero8666]

I wouldn't describe the visitors as ominous. They just came, took some material, and left. They didn't make anything to last given that it was a temporary operation and any biological material they bring is likely to be dead long before life begins aside from bacteria but those would already be on the planet. So any impact they would have on the life of Locus is practically nill.

[@PrettierNPastel]

If an aliean bacteria survives and evolves it coule make more advaced life that would/could be fundamentally different from other life

[@user-xw7nr6pj6v]

Why would bacteria necessarily already exist on the planet?

[@andresmarrero8666]

@@user-xw7nr6pj6v because bacteria is one of the first forms of life that develops and is critical for the development for more complex life. They are also ridiculously hardy and thrives in such environments.

[@lordeludrian1418]

Amazing content as always. I have officially gone through and made sure to watch all your videos now. Huzzah! I wanted to also say it’s great that you’re willing to reply to comments as much as you do and are willing to assist in others’ questions. :) And now to another question of mine for any who wish to help. Lol Before I started going back and following this process, I had a drawn map of my world on grid paper. Decided each square was 300 miles horizontally and 390 miles vertically, then realized that it made more sense as only one side of the planet. This gives my world an equatorial circumference of 24,600 miles and a polar circumference of 24,960 miles. A polar bulge rather than an equatorial one apparently. Am trying to use this information to go backwards and figure out the mass and radius of the planet, and from there everything else subsequently. But I think I got myself a bit turned around figuring it out. Anyway have any ideas or suggestions to get me back on track?

[@Blue_Angel1]

Thank you so much!

[@DaRealKakarroto]

Funnily, the word "Locus" is also (rarely) used in German for a toilet. Probably because of the same thought 'that place' as in "I'm going to *that place* ". But I think same sounding words with different meaning will come later after the introduction of sapient creatures.

[@Jbush69]

Hoping to see you grow 😌

[@WorldbuildingCorner]

Thanks! Much appreciated :)

[@clairetellkamp6253]

So, I've run into a hiccup with the spreadsheet. It looks like you're supposed to be able to just put a couple bits in and have the math figure out finer details, like surface area. It calculates everything using the equations we all know and love, like surface are being 4(pi)r^2. But it uses the radius that you put in, being the radius in "earth" units. A quick glance at the spreadsheet looks like it's saying that it's calculating the surface area relative to earth's surface area. But it's actually calculating the surface area using the planet's radius relative to the earth's surface area. So it looks like it's saying that a planet that is equal in mass and radius to earth has a surface area 12 times that of earth. So we've essentially stopped comparing things "TO Earth" and started using arbitrary "earth units" where everything is based on X planet's mass and radius compared to Earth.

[@amehak1922]

Great explanation and easy to understand.

[@WorldbuildingCorner]

Thank you, glad it was helpful!

[@Man-O-Little-Tan]

Channel is criminally underrated

[@adamjenkins7653]

So following through from my world building project intended as an MMO game base mentioned in the chemistry vid 2 videos ago, there is an additional requirement in my world building for a planet to sustain life. A molten core made up of multiple heavy elements. My project has advanced a little since that vid and I have better defined the mana generation process, that said I don't need to go into any more detail than the kids crayons as the sentient races are insufficiently advanced to have left the planet by the time the story begins and have yet to develop a technique capable of investigating a planets interior. The big reason why is because you need so much physical matter to produce any meaningful quantity of mana that it would need to be the size of Mars to be relevant. Inside the core of the planet must be some material of a notably different melting point that will slowly sift into the core (gold, iron, plutonium and nickel in the case of my as yet unnamed planet) alongside some mana reactive metals (this simply means having different mana properties to bounce off each other to initiate the reaction) as the core starts moving mana is generated from all the kinetic energy and then interacts with the various materials heating some up, slowing others and generally creating some semi-controlled chaos in a generally semi spherical disc (think a globe with the top and bottom cut off) that moves around the solid core. The motion of this mana will tug any rebellious or counterfeiting mana into the system and assist in stabilising the cores rotation and temperature at slightly higher than regular physics would normally dictate. In the case of stars the fusion reaction starts to create materials with differing mana properties by default so all stars will develop a mana field, and due to the vast difference in mass the mana fields will be orders of magnitude more powerful than any planets. As a result stars, and molten core worlds are slightly (in astronomical terms) hotter than base physics would normally create. The reason this is necessary however is to form a mana field around the planet. The mana escaping the planets surface pushes back against the mana being released from the local star. This forms a tear drop shaped field with the tip pointed away from the star. The stars own field will be the same ut pointed away from the nearest larger star and cluster. So generally away from the center of the galaxy but at an angle relative to the nearest larger mana source. Black holes are mana inert themselves but have a tendency to create unstable and irregular mana fields as material is pulled in, so being to close to them will kill life as the fluctuations in the mana field allow the larger mana field to penetrate and pull mana away from the surface. Ultimately fatal to almost all life. (Creating at best pocket areas of simplistic but whole alien life to us). As this is a world building project loosely intended to be the basis of a game, with seasonal events and hopefully actual seasons my planet must have an orbit similar to earth's but I am free to play with the length of the day, so I will have it as largely earthling but a 1.25G gravity to keep the atmosphere, though I may need to adjust should I decide to get serious with the numbers as it is largely earthlike, just a few degrees warmer than pre-industrial earth, thanks to the increased heat of the core and star as a result of mana interaction.

[@brockhoffpauir1894]

Subscribed. Great stuff

[@WorldbuildingCorner]

Thanks! Glad you are enjoying :) stay tuned for more!

[@bjorncorvin4568]

in my Locus Fanfic, the Aliens are just "typical" Fantasy Races like Elves, Dwarves, Orcs and Trolls. In all seriousness I want to see art and lore for these Aliens

[@WikiSnapper]

I have been watching many of your videos, and I really love the content. The only hiccup I have is in this video an earth-ish sized planet should be warmer than Pluto because it wouldn't have lost the initial heat from bombardment and there would likely be radioactive atoms breaking down deep within it keeping it warm. These convection currents pull on the continents and are needed for plate movements in the future. That said, I also like the reason you have for deciding to do that.

[@deshaughnmolette9205]

I actually created a water world named Archea, it's an extremely large water world as well Atmosphere: 74% Nitrogen, 23% Oxygen, 12% Carbon Dioxide, 14% Argon, 5% Methane, 51.9% Hydrogen, 10% H2O and 3.6% Hydrogen Sulfide World Category: Mega Earth Atmospheric Pressure: 28 Bars Atmospheric Density: 35% Atmospheric Color: Aqua Blue Surface Gravity: 27.2 G Surface Temperature: 87°F - 170°F Diameter: 54,673 miles Density: 30.2 Earths Radius: 32 Earths Atmospheric Trace Gases: Neon, Krypton, Boron, Xenon, Carbon Monoxide, Ammonia, Ethane and Hydrogen Cyanide Number of Rings: 12,700 Number of Moons: 14 moons Parent Star: Archea 2 (orange dwarf) Rotation Period: 27.6 hours Orbital Period: 135.9 days Distance from Archea 2: 0.87 Au Magnetic Field Strength: 625 Gauss Presence of Ozone Layer: Positive Age: 6.9 Billion Years Old Climate: Stormy, Hot and Very Humid Axial Tilt: 26° Seasons: Spring and Summer Weight of Archea: 197 Quintillion Tons Life Forms: Oceanic Mega Flora and Fauna ESI: 100% (1.00) Habitablilty: Super Habitable

[@LeeCarlson]

A rocky rogue planet's surface temperature would actually depend on how hot the planet's core is.

[@theeyeopener4141]

Most comprehensive page on world building for me. Break downs are easy enough for a 6 year old.

[@PizzaChess69]

0:12 Venus intensifies creepy staring

[@john99218]

Dear Mathew: During Locus' rougue planetary stage, the atmosphere and hydrosphere would indeed be frozen however the lithosphere, inner layers and core would be heated by radioactive decay and be quite dynamic in a number of activities: creation of ore bodies, a magnetosphere, plate tectonics (with many forms of ice acting as minerals), volcanism, lava intrusions, ect ect ect. Are not these processes going to have a notable effect on the the biosphere of Locus once it unfreezes?

[@jehooft8569]

I just started watching this playlist and channel and I already think it's criminal how you don't have more views/subscribers than you do. However, I am wondering how plate tectonics work with such an old planet. Wouldn't plate tectonics eventually stop and cause any chance of life appearing to end? Maybe this is answered in a later video and you can disregard this (also I can just suspend my disbelief as it is not a huge deal)

[@drpigglesnuudelworte5209]

I wish there was a game or app where I could input a few number and it created an entire universe and gave me information on the galaxies and stars and their planets, if they were habitable, and could let me simulate the development of life in that universe

[@TheBrickMasterB]

Worldfather Matthew, return to us, please, we need your Early Bob Ross style teachings!

[@DavidGlenn]

I'm still stuck on if I should make my world warmer or colder than Earth. TBH I haven't even made an outline for the continent, or the planet, or even the solar system. I was trying to keep my story centered and focused. Someone suggested I should make the gravity about 20% weaker than Earth, but I'm not sure how that will affect everything else. I'm not sure I should follow that suggestion or not

[@WorldbuildingCorner]

My suggestion for temperature would be to go with something you think is cool! So long as you don't drop below 0°C or go way higher like 30°C then things turn out mostly earth-like anyway just with different distributions. If you can't decide, leave it like earth! Our climate at 13.9°C is still very interesting and it's familiar, which helps. Low gravity worlds can be interesting! It means creatures are likely to grow much taller and lankier, and that flight will be achieved much more easily. You could have a world where almost every creature can fly! If that's something you're interested in haha

[@JacobOphir]

I know it was the general effect acid destroys organic life, but that particularly would not affect those of the elemental sub type

[@DegenerateAssassin]

hey, just out of curiosity but do you guys think god watched one of these tutorial videos before creating our universe.🤔

[@herrbrennholz977]

the calculaton for the Average Surface temp. is not complit.

[@krystalfruehling7522]

Do you talk more about the aliens? Which episode? I've been making my own Galaxy and am interested in building advanced races.

[@evaander]

How would a hallow earth be like but instead the surface of the world is like dune but the under the surface is like a normal world?

[@thestarkye6604]

You really just refrigerated a whole planet for travel

[@heatherkline6766]

9:04 i have an issue. The proper term is 'kelvin' or 'kelvins' there is no such thing as 'degrees kelvin' i am a bit picky about this because of my science teacher...

[@Aerostarm]

ok prescriptevis

[@Texan_christian1132]

I don’t think the planet needs to have that much water. The main planet has it’s Surface covered around 50% land 50% water.

[@inawenderholm9965]

Science adjacent indeed. Please tell people more specifically that you're being fictitious. There is no Primis. 'Primus' is spelled wrong. There is no 'super-massive white hole' at the center of our galaxy. There's no 'Small Cat Nebula' (it's Cat's Paw) and it's terrifying you'd report it as such with that level of confidence. A 'locus' is not a proper noun, but a region in which something can reside. This is the sort of thing that sends us back into the dark ages. If you are using other languages, translate or report in them, though it's not consistent enough to know what you're doing. You are either confusing people or misleading them, but likely both.

[@WorldbuildingCorner]

Hi there! This is a worldbuilding channel and video, focused exclusively on fictional content. Worldbuilding is, by definition, fictional! I'm certainly not discussing our own galaxy, our world, or real life in any capacity. Thanks for watching, hope you were entertained!

[@lelduck6388]

Oh buddy boy… oh buddy…

[@brockhoffpauir1894]

This is hilarious. Freaking out for no reason😢

[@draugarnatt3816]

Actual astrophysicist here. Considering this is a channel about Worldbuilding, I'm very certain that the vast majority of the audience are well aware that it is fictional, and that there is nothing "leading us back into the dark ages" about that. In fact, there are plenty of pop science channels here on YT who pretty much just spread half assed "facts" which grossly exaggerate or distort their true core for clickbait, which if you ask me is way more "terrifying" than creating fictional universes with artistic licenses in their physics.

[@smergthedargon8974]

This is a joke, right? You're getting this in a tizzy over a worldbuilding video?