History 05 : Mauryan Empire || CDS -1 2023

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MAURYAN EMPIRE • Sources of Mauryan history:- 1. Literary sources:- (i) Mudrarakshas by Vaishakdutt: Acharya Chanakya, also known as Vishnugupt, along with his student Chandragupta uprooted Nanda dynasty (ii) Indica by Magesthenis (iii) Arthshastra by Kautilya(Acharya Chanakya): How should a ruler rule 2. Archaeological sources:- (i) Inscriptions of Ashoka: James Prinsep decoded these. (ii) Palace of Chandragupt Maurya (iii) Rock cut caves and sculptures • Rise of Mauryans:- - Mauryan Empire was founded by Chandragupta Maurya in the year 323 BC, with the help of Chanakya. {Alexander coming - Taxila - Chanakya decided to unite kings of India to fight against Alexander - Acharya went to Dhananand - but was humiliated by him - took oath to uproot Dhananand - while returning met Chandragupta - trained him - King of Taxila Ambi befriend Alexander - chandragupta maurya as Sandrokottus helped Alexander - Chanakya united kings of Northwest India and Shaktar, minister of Nand whose Nand had been married to Dhananand forcefully and defeated Nand Empire - Chanakya assassinated those kings of Northwest India and made Chandragupta King - Amatya Rakshas took vow to kill Chandragupta but Chanakya made him Chandragupta's PM} - The entire story is mentioned in Mudrarakshas written by Vaishak Dutt during the Gupta age. {Tradition of India was about telling stories not writing it} 1. Chandragupta Maurya(323-298 BC) - According to Purans, he Originated from a humble family, according to the Buddhist sources, he Originated from Shakya Kshatriya family. - His greatest success was to politicaly unify the Gangetic and Indus plains. - He did this by defeating Selucus Nicator. Treaty: Chandragupta Maurya was married to Helena, daughter of Selucus Nicator, in order to protect them from future invasions by Nicator. - He embraced Jain religion in the later stage of his life and became a Jain monk, ultimately he practised Santhara(gave up food) and died at Shravanbelgola(Karnataka). 2. Bindusara(298-273BC) - He startied expeditions towards South India and defeated 16 kingdoms ultimately conquering them. - He was also titled as Amitrghat(The rulers who did not accept his overlordship were killed by him). - He had a greek king as a friend Antiochus{communicated through letters} from whom Bindusara demanded Sweet wine, dried figs, a greek scholar. Greek scholar was not given{Chanakya used to give poison in Chandragupta's food in order to make him immune, but once his wife ate the food when she was pregnant and this affected Bindusara's forehead} - Bindusara was a follower of Ajivaka sect. - During his last days, there was war of succession between his sons of which Ashoka emerged victorious. 3. Ashoka(269-232BC) - His life as a ruler is divided in 3 parts:- (i) Kama ashoka: Ashoka, the pleasure seeker (ii) Chand ashoka: When he lodged an invasion in Kalinga 262 BC and conquered it after large scale bloodshed. (iii) Dhamma Ashok: After the Kalinga war, Ashoka became passive giving up the policy of warfare and decided to spread the message of virtue(Dhamma) - He also spread buddhism in Srilanka and southeast Asia.

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[@Donjohn989]

Absolutely

[@ananna2544]

What is Ashoka's Dhamma? - It is the conduct which was spread by emperor to the common people in order to make them virtuous because virtuous people in the empire could be ruled without the use of iron fist or violence. Emperor Ashoka in order to spread these commissioned the construction of several rock and pillar edicts. Found in Gandhar, North Pakistan, Chahbaazgadi, Manshera, Kalshi(Uttarakhand), Junagarh(Gujarat), Barah(Mumbai), Gulbarga (Karnataka),Yadarguni ( Andhrapradesh), Jaugar and Ganjam **14 Major Rock edicts:- 1. Animal sacrifices prohibitions 2. Medical facilities for all 3. Generosity to scholars and dhamma preaching 4. Dhammaghosh over Bherighosh: To give up warfare 5. Dhammamahamatras and treatment of slaves 6. Kings desire for welfare of people 7. Religious tolerance 8. Ashoka's visit to Bodh Gaya 9. Criticism of rituals 10. Giving up desire for fame 11. Respect to elders 12. Officer in charge for women welfare 13. Kalinga War 14. Summary of all points Seven pillar edicts:- 1. Protection of people 2. Dhamma is truth, liberty, purity, compassion etc 3. Avoidance of harshness, pride, anger 4. Responsibility of officers to preach dhamma 5. List of animals that cannot be filled 6. Welfare of the people 7. Ashoka's work to spread dhamma Found from Kandhar, Khyber(North Pakistan), Delhi, Allahabad, Sarnath(Varanasi), Vaishali(North Bihar), Sanchi(MP), Amravati(Andhra) Other edicts:- Kandhar: Use of foreign language; Greek and Arbaic Barabar Cave(Bihar): Gift to Ajivak Monks Rummindei Pillar: Visit to Lumbini Bhabeu Bairat(Jaipur): Ashoka's conversion from Shaiva to Buddhist Allahabad: Queen's edict; mention of queen Kaurvaki Kaushambi: Shicm in Buddhism Gujara: Name of Ahoka; Devram, Priyadarshini

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Ashoka the great 🚩🚩

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Mauryan empire ,maratha empire ,chola empire, 🚩

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Mauryan empire 🚩🚩

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I love chanakya character ..

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Thanks sir ❤️

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NO sir, Ashok was a budhist 4 years before kaling war.

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Kirat or Kirati are indigenous ethnic groups of the Himalayas (mid-hills) extending eastward from Nepal into India, Burma and beyond. They migrated to their present locations via Assam, Burma, Tibet and Yunnan in ancient times. Prototype Tibeto-Burmans originated in the Yellow River basin around 10,000 years ago. 🇳🇵🇳🇵

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CHANDRAGUPTA THE GREAT NAHI CHANAKYA THE GREAT (a mind beyond all )

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14 edict is - purpose of rock edict

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Sikh Empire 🗡️🗡️🛡️🛡️

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First

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Nhi helena tha

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ye alixend aur alexander alag alag hai kya

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Nhi

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I am from Pakistan and Bangladesh

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How can you be both 😂

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😀😅

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