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Rugae refers to the prominent ridges or folds in the mucous membrane lining the stomach, bladder, and some other organs.
In the stomach, gastric rugae are prominent folds in the mucosal lining. Rugae are highly elastic and can stretch to accommodate varying amounts of content. When the stomach is empty, the rugae provide the lining with a pleated appearance. As the stomach fills with food and expands, the rugae unfold and can increase the surface area of the stomach by up to four times.
Rugae play a crucial role in digestion. The folds of tissue increase the surface area of the stomach lining and create turbulence in the stomach, allowing for more efficient contact between food and digestive enzymes that are secreted by the stomach lining, promoting the breakdown of food into smaller, absorbable molecules. This mixing is essential for digestion to occur
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