How Big is the Universe?

It has NO EDGE. And NO CENTER... or does it?
The Scale of the Universe - htwins.net/scale2/
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Minute Physics provides an energetic and entertaining view of old and new problems in physics -- all in a minute!
Music by Nathaniel Schroeder / drschroeder
Thanks to Nima Doroud for contributions. Created by Henry Reich

[@alir.9894]

It's mind blowing for me to think that just 25 years ago, back in 1993, for me to even ask this question and get an answer... man - I would have to start with an encyclopedia set - which I couldn't afford, so my only option was to go to the library. Then I'd have to check out the encyclopedia set, but which one? And which article? And how long would it take to read it, to understand it?! And now, this morning over breakfast I was wondering this and I quickly typed it in KZbin and that's what I got! Amazing times we live in!

[@DRIVECLUBistimelessPS4]

Yes it is amazing and mindblowing to me as well. Also, the pace and the size of knowledge and information is only set to increase in the coming years.

[@tomtonka1915]

Exactly! And yet kids today are dumber than ever.

[@lvlarihuan0]

And now, thanks to KZbin, many people believe in flat Earth.

[@seaniesi8555]

+Tom tonka to make it clear to you. There are smart kids, there are less smarter kids, there are even more less smarter kids, and so it continues. All kids are not the same, I understood this video but maybe other kids like me can't, now that is "being smarter" in a specific thing than the kid that didn't know that and something that I can't understand and another can means that he "is smarter" In that specific thing, there are there are forever going kinds of knowledge and you're going against the laws of someone his brain system, to make it clear, everyone is not "even", we are not "dumb" we are not good in a specific thing. Don't comment something like this and mess someone his brain by saying the person isn't smart shame on you

[@tomtonka1915]

Serkan Korkmaz Yes that makes it clear to me.

[@rileyherbert4657]

If the universe is really this big you can bet your ass there's an epic intergalactic space war happening somewhere right now.

[@zokipartizan]

Riley Herbert Let's hope nobody in the universe sees any use in war, unlike us humans.. On second thought, naaaaah. Nobody is THAT stupid.

[@8xXsoldierXx8]

+Riley Herbert Damn skippy.

[@lukepederson6128]

Riley Herbert There's probably a Star Wars galaxy!

[@aryamankejriwal5959]

Or what if humans are the only selfish little pricks in the entire universe?

[@aneeshmohan5696]

your mom is bigger than the universe

[@drakecharles131]

The universe is that big, and I'm still single.

[@wmarzan8130]

so u want some alien gf?

[@drakecharles131]

Does she have big booty?. So, Yess.

[@jsharps1000]

Drake Charles lol god you got some high standards bro.

[@AhazzKhan]

9 planets, 7 continents, 5 oceans, 206 countries, 8 billion people and counting. And yet I'm single.

[@AhazzKhan]

:L PLUTO IS A PLANET TO ME!

[@shakogames]

think the universe suffers from lag, took jesus 3 days to respawn, and after all these years the map is still rendering

[@morgancook4288]

im gonna crash the server. 0_0

[@thetimelords911]

+ShakoDaBows OMG XD

[@StaryRobins]

+ShakoDaBows Im gonna mod in a alicorn

[@zen5650]

i think it's because they had dial-up internet

[@june9914]

+ShakoDaBows The lag seems to be Client side. It takes a really long time for people to respawn, and the wait time between respawn is getting bigger :/

[@Jpiddypops]

No matter how many times they try to explain it, my mind still can't get a grip with it. The universe is unbelievably big

[@BinkieMcFartnuggets]

It's not the size that matters, it's what you do with it!

[@xXxLax4LifexXx]

***** what about it terms of nickels?

[@andrewzeegers]

hey man this is a childrens video, mind you

[@ipizza9941]

We have to get this to 69, stay at 69

[@pizza4stagioni]

"Who do you think you are?? The Universe doesn't revolve around you, you know??" "Actually, it does"

[@nikhilsultania170]

No it doesn't just because you're the center of something doesn't mean the thing rotates about you

[@pizza4stagioni]

@@nikhilsultania170 Baby, that was just a joke I made over a year ago, c'mon now 😂

[@nikhilsultania170]

@@pizza4stagioni I didn't see the time , I just wanted to point out the Physics...

[@RodLandaeta]

I have always liked the way you guys explain all the ideas. Helps me tons to explain other people different topics.

[@HeyYouPMme]

Wait. So why is the Universe expanding?

[@channalbert]

+Squirtle Hahah that awkward moment when a Pokémon asks better questions than humans... It's one of the mysteries of the 21st century cosmology. Give it a century, or even less, and maybe we'll have it figured out then.

[@powerserge0311]

+Squirtle The best explanation is because of dark energy, which takes up most of the space in "space". It's the one thing that's causing the universe to expand and accelerate outward. But we don't know what it is, where it came from, or much of anything else besides what I mentioned. Even then, it might not be the thing that's causing the universe to expand, per se. But it's one of the only explanations that we got

[@RomansFree]

because.... God.

[@RealJustJason]

to get as far away from chuck norris as possible.

[@TheCls63]

In theory, Dark energy makes space expend and expends space faster everyday until the univers reaches its maximum entropy

[@Kujar3Player]

The problem with accelerating expansion of the universe is that in the very far future, the galaxies from our "galaxy cluster" will become 1 big galaxy due to gravitational pull and the galaxies/galaxy clusters away from us will slowly "go away" from us. Eventually there will be a tipping point where the universe expands so fast, that no light from any other galaxy will be able to reach us, thus making our "observable universe" dark, there will be nothing to see anymore and we will most likely never be able to reach any other galaxy. Embrace the fact that we can still see so much

[@C00terBurger]

Kurtzegast do a great video on this!

[@amirulikmal4742]

+The Mocca Lion agreed on that

[@sorenlily2280]

It's actually scarier than that. Assuming the acceleration of the expansion of the universe continues unimpeded, after no other galaxies are visible, smaller structures start to go away. Eventually the stars in our own galaxy will move too far too fast to be seen anymore. Then, even our own solar system will fly away from itself (of course the solar system will have been long gone by now, but so were the stars, and who's counting). Everything in the cosmos that we can see now would eventually become unobservable, and by extension, unreachable. But it doesn't stop there. Should the acceleration *still* continue without bound, the end result is that the space between particles themselves will expand faster than any two particles could keep up with (faster than light). At this final tipping point, no particle in the entire universe could *ever* interact with any other particle. Thus, nothing would really ever happen in the universe again.

[@amirulikmal4742]

+Stuart Smith plus there were new report about the universe is expanding up to 9 percent than we thought. It's going to get much faster. Kinda depressing

[@cheapmoviesnow]

+Amirul Ikmal not depressing when you consider that any consequences are billions of years away

[@powerdude_dk]

Incredible explanation! So clear an easy to understand..

[@TheGolfdaily]

BY FAR THE BEST explanation on KZbin of this, CRAZY size and shape of Universe subject ..

[@eel000]

I feel like I'm wasting my life in my room on my own on my laptop. I feel that I should, I dunno, pack a twenty lunches, grab a jetpack backpack and go explore the rest of the universe, come back to earth and tell all my findings. That's not a bad idea.

[@joshuahadams]

The universe is weird.

[@leonidaszairis8030]

internet is weirder

[@victorsvidss]

+Josh Adams so are youuuuu

[@joshuahadams]

+Victor Anderson yeah, I am.

[@victorsvidss]

***** we all are

[@morgancook4288]

+TheProPotato I have diarrhea.

[@DTX_]

Thanks for your awesome videos. I love this. Interesting and full of info! Much love

[@peteacher52]

Clear, concise, logical and helpful. Cheers!

[@Lehtaan]

How can something infinite big expand?

[@bemepy6248]

It's not infinite itself, but the inflation (growth) of it, probably, is, - which makes it's scale infinitely large, since it will keep growing for an infinite amount of time. Hope it makes sense.

[@ValleyoftheLeaf]

Dexter Johns No, the universe itself is infinite and is infinitely expanding. See below as I explain. Lehtaan To understand how something infinitely big can expand you need to first understand what infinity is. Infinity is not a number, it's a concept. In Math infinity is the concept where numbers become arbitrarily large. And in physics its similar though it also mean you never run out of something no matter how much you put in or take out of it. Imagine you have a hotel that has infinite rooms and all of them are filled. A traveler comes along and asks for a room. You say "Sure! We always have room." Now hold on this is a paradox, I said before that all of the rooms are filled and yet you always have room. Well here's where it gets kind of crazy. You can't tell the traveler to go to the end of the hall to get his room because he'll never get there, it's infinitely big, meaning there is no end and he will never run out of space to keep walking before getting to the end. So instead what you have him do is go to the person in the first room and have him move down one room and tell the person in that room to repeat this process. Each person in the infinitely long hallway moves down a finite space, so that person *will* reach their target room. But as I've said the hallway has no end, and a person walking from one end of the hallway towards the other will never get there. So even though you've started a chain reaction of people moving from one room to the next, the person in the room infinitely far away from the first room will never have to move, he's nice and comfortable. No matter how many people come into the hotel that person will never have to move. So now that you have somewhat conceptualized how big infinity is it's time to break your understanding. Infinity is not the biggest set of numbers. Imagine the space between 0 and 1. Can you pair all numbers between 0 and 1 to all the integers(1, 2, 3, 4...)? Well you can try, write down on a piece of paper say the integers between 1 and 5. Next to those numbers come up with some random number between 0 and 1, make it 5 decimal places long. When you're done take the number you paired with 1 and circle the first digit after the decimal, with two take the second digit after the decimal, with 3 take the third, with 4 take the fourth and with 5 take the fifth. Now that you have those numbers circled make a new number below between 0 and 1 where the first digit of this number is different than the first circled number, the second is different from the second circled number, and go in a diagonal until the end. Now look at your list. Does this number appear on your list from 1-5? It shouldn't, now write a 6 next to this number and add a 6th digit at the end and circle it. Now do the same thing as before, create a new number with the circled numbers in that diagonal (now including the 6th number) and add that new number to the bottom of the list. Does that appear anywhere in your list? Again, it shouldn't. So what's going on here? What's the point I'm trying to make. Well if you remove the integer side of these numbers (the original 1-5) and replace them with values of n (n, n+1, n+2, n+3...) then you'll see that no matter what value n is equal to this trick works. That's proof by induction. But what did we prove? Well we proved that for all values n, such that n is an element of the set of all positive integers, there is a number that can be constructed from the list where the nth digit is different, and therefore does not appear on the list. This implies that no matter how many numbers you have on the list there will *always* be a number that is not on the list. Therefore the list of numbers between 0 and 1 is bigger than the list of numbers between 0 and infinity, so infinity > infinity. Well this is crazy, infinity is not a number so how can you compare them like this. Well this proof shows that some infinities (the infinity between 0 and 1) are bigger than others (infinity of integers). So now you have a better understanding of what exactly "infinity" really means. The concept goes a lot deeper than just "never runs out" and so you can have an infinitely large universe that infinitely expands because there is infinite space to expand into. The universe can expand into itself because you'll never run out of universe to expand, which in turn is expanding into more infinite universe which expands into infinite universe and you get my point.

[@asaokaharuka7643]

Some infinities are bigger than others.

[@egonzalez4294]

Haruka Asaoka LOL XD just what Nathan said in a line

[@ContangoMusic]

Lehtaan n+1

[@BigPurpleCarrot]

If the universe is infinite, how can it be expanding? Wouldn't it make more sense if there was a finite amount of matter, but an infinite amount of space. So the matter is increasingly expanding into that space?

[@Nemanja29100]

i was gonna ask the same question

[@sickleandsuckle]

It's expanding because the light coming from distant stars and galaxies have a red shift due to the Doppler effect

[@tjoeller]

It's possible to have one infinite set that is bigger than another infinite set. It's a bit hard to grasp, so bear with me. It's usually explained with an analogy: There's a hotel with infinite rooms that are occupied by an infinite number of guests. Another set of infinite guests want to stay there too, so the manager moves all the current occupants to the odd numbered rooms, thus freeing up all the even numbered rooms. And since the hotel had an infinite number of rooms, there's now an infinite number of rooms available for the new guests to live in. Oh, and there might be an infinite amount of matter too. We simply don't know. We can only observe a finite amount, but that doesn't exclude the rest of the universe having the same aproximate distribution of matter as our part. In all likelyhood it's the same as here. Since the whole universe is expanding the density of it just drops over time.

[@emnaq3]

That's actually not a bad theory

[@Faren_]

The Universe is 22 trillion light years in diameter.

[@4ndrey94]

Guys you are amazing! Thank you for your work!

[@alir.9894]

Fantastic explanation - thank you!

[@samgrace9435]

If everyone looked at the big picture of life, we would see the same thing. This simple thing would unite human beings, and we would live in paradise. Google *truth contest* and read the present to learn more about the truth as it relates to the universe and conscious life.

[@demiandeen2172]

O,o

[@KiwiImpactSaint]

Why this video teaches that we see more of the universe over time? Given the acceleration of the expansion, we actually see less over time. And the furtherest images are disappearing into the horizon, as their light will never get to us sooner or later.

[@PiezasdeAjedrez]

Right, not sure to say this video is wrong but it seems so.. We will look less, not more in the future

[@DmitriySidorenko]

Awesome voice!

[@mrmoooable]

Excellent vids guys!

[@jonasloeser3384]

I thought our observable universe was getting smaller because it's "expanding" faster at the edges than the light can travel to us. Basically, all the space in front of that light is expanding faster than the light can travel through it.

[@sumitpandey4353]

I came here to see 'The Whole Universe' in my 5" display handset!!

[@afrafatimah9762]

this video is amazing!

[@GustavoGaming]

This video explained this so perfectly

[@joshdoeseverything4575]

observable universe is shrinking due to the acceleration of space expanding, if objects are far enough away to be receeding faster than light, we cant really see them, and that boundary moves closer every day.

[@ridheesh4765]

wrong it's expanding. this is due to dark energy

[@joshdoeseverything4575]

Ridheesh Amarthya the universe is expanding, the part we can observe is shrinking because the expansion is so fast. If you look far away enough, you can't see any farther because that space, roughly 12 billion light years away, is receeding faster than the light can reach us.

[@ridheesh4765]

JoshDoesEverything oops. read the original post wrong..... :)

[@ivanereiz1533]

+JoshDoesEverything are you sure cuz ive heard before its gettin bigger and its shrinking i dont know what ia correct

[@joshdoeseverything4575]

Ivan Ereiz the universe itself is expanding, and the expansion is accelerating. The part we can see however, is shrinking because we cannot see many things that are travelling faster than light away from us, therefore that light they emit doesnt reach us.

[@max010113]

if the observable universe is expanding then was there a time when the observable universe was only a few meters wide?

[@lordkibagami]

max010113 look up Planck Length/Time

[@sutfolsemaj]

max010113 That's kind of the principle behind the big bang.

[@MythCraft00]

Yes A looooooooooooooooong time ago

[@oscarf3194]

+MythCraft00 then it was finite, but now is infinite? that make no sense.

[@Peter98]

+The almighty hair God it was newer finite, it was always infinite, it was just something we call a singularity at first, atleast that's the big bang theory, a singularity is something that's infinitely small.

[@block9390]

Well done, thanks

[@hewa984]

This is a really wonderful channel, very happy to come a cross it

[@catalinpatrascu8187]

The question isn't "the universe is expanding?" The question is "In what is the universe expanding?"

[@megaweeb7497]

Even I thought that.But then I searched and found that actually,the universe isn’t expanding. The universe has no edge according to a theory(I forgot its name).As the universe is infinite,it cant expand just like you can’t get a number higher than infinite as it isn’t actually a number. Infinite is a term used for something without an end. Thnx for reading this long.

[@villager_2713]

@@megaweeb7497 I think what you mean is the Cosmic Inflation Theory, since that seems to suit what you're saying🤔. www.forbes.com/sites/startswithabang/2020/02/06/the-top-5-myths-you-probably-believe-about-the-big-bang/?sh=626623ec2694

[@fingerman4086]

*whispers* no edge

[@Anab32mtl]

Thank you very much keep up the good job

[@xerox1959]

Thank you for this excellent made video! Great! Congratulations! :-)

[@colinmichael9557]

Would you mind explaining how infinity expands? I'd appreciate it!

[@DJentertainTV]

if the universe is expanding then what exists outside of it where it still has not yet expanded to?

[@sutfolsemaj]

Dovahkiin Nothing can exist outside of our universe except other universes, because there is no space for them to exist in or time for them to get there.

[@rainestar6781]

+Dovahkiin The universe is expanding into itself, due to it's possible infinite nature. Anything that exists outside of our observable universe still exists within the universe because by definition the universe is EEEEEEEEVERYTHING!

[@rainestar6781]

***** No, actually, space is... fluidic. True void, nothing, does not actually exist within the universe.

[@connersorensen6772]

+Dovahkiin A void. Color isn't real, so if you were to be teleported there you would just see a black blank space because your brain doesn't see anything and gets confused and just fills it in with black.

[@yourfutureself3392]

Great vid!

[@Mobany]

Nice Explained!

[@Therm6000]

Of course the universe is infinite. But with the finite amount of time this universe has existed so far, not every part of it can be occupied. When people say 'whole universe' they always seem to mean 'all of the endless nothingness that might be filled someday' which bugs me a bit. When I say 'whole universe' I mean only the occupied part, and not the endless amounts of nothing that comes after. Of course that can't be infinite yet!

[@class503]

every part of the universe is occupied. the area outside of the universe is nothingness into which the universe is expanding. That nothingness beyond does not count when speaking of the universe.

[@Therm6000]

class503 The occupied universe we both speak of can not be infinite, because the universe started out as a finite space, and a finite amount of time has passed since. The 'WHOLE' universe, as it is said in this video, is infinite, because there is infinite nothingness to fill. The occupied universe is NOT infinite.

[@rurikloderr1351]

Therm6000 Yes, yes it is.. Even when the universe was infinitesimally "small" it was infinite. Try to think of it not as the universe expanding into infinity, but rather everything within an infinite space getting infinitely smaller making the appearance of the expansion of space.

[@AbsurdAsparagus]

how does it bug you if they talk about the future if you talk about the whole universe you must include time and all it entails.

[@MakingtheCase]

class503 What I propose is a theory. It is neither tested nor proven and I'd be surprised if it could ever be definitively proven. However, I offer this as some food for thought. What if the "nothingness" is just that: nothing? It's not a perceivable place in which the universe can expand into, but rather a fundamental nature of physics that offers a limitless plane of existence? What if the Universe expands much in the same way as sentient consciousness does? We've always wondered how so much knowledge can fit inside something the size of the brain. Through the firing of neurons, we're able to store countless amounts of information and generate thoughts/ memories when we need them. The brain, however, offers a rate of expansion that is limited by our attention span and the passing of time (aging). As we are conscious observers, we are only privy to one perspective of the Universe: our perspective. Our mind's expansion is limited to the events that we experience within the span of our lifetime and the potential of our imagination. But perhaps the way the Universe functions allows for limitless growth? In other words, much in the same way the brain generates a thought into existence when it needs it, the Universe generates the the space it needs when it needs it. Difference is that the Universe is not limited by the physics of conscious observation. Thoughts?

[@Adriaticz]

I wanted cry from how frustrated I became after watching this video.

[@DragonAurora]

Great video.

[@malliksharma]

Nice explanation...

[@veronica3838]

When you say "edge" do you mean an edge as in, there's just a 'wall' we can't pass at the end of the universe, or that there is something beyond the universe? The universe is such a mind boggling topic o_o

[@philojudaeusofalexandria9556]

Veronica Thomas There is no "outside". Our 4 dimensions (3 space + 1 time dimension) are fully contained inside the universe. It is like asking where the "edge" of the earth is (to use a 2-dimensional analogy). You can find out how big it is and still never be able to walk to the "edge" of the world - it is an incoherent concept. Just like asking what was "before the big bang". Time started at the big bang, so it is incoherent to ask what was "before" it, or what (temporally) caused it.

[@veronica3838]

Thomas Rajan Oh that makes sense, so really, if it had an edge, we'd likely never be able to reach it anyway?

[@philojudaeusofalexandria9556]

We have enough trouble trying to figure out how to travel the 4 light years to the closest star to the sun - let alone the 48 BILLION (and growing) light years to the edge of the observable universe.

[@MrMrtvozornik]

Veronica Thomas Well, maybe on the edge of the universe is actually some other universe, or maybe there's nothing, literally nothing, no start, nothing, just dark. Maybe on the end of the universe you just come back to the opposite side, maybe universe is not infinite at all, but just flowing and mixing inside, maybe there is simply another dimension out there, hell, maybe even creatures living there. And lastly, there might be God, but surely, if there is something living beyond that point, we can call it God cause it would be so different that we probably couldn't even perceive it. Or maybe it's your mom's ass out there. Who knows.

[@ValleyoftheLeaf]

Veronica Thomas There's no "edge" per-say, more like a boundary, a conceptual limit to our ability to observe. Like the horizon. You can't see past the horizon, you can't observe anything beyond that "edge". But if you started traveling towards that edge you'd never get there; the horizon, as you see it, would move as you did and would create a new boundary beyond which you can't view. This is the "edge" that he's talking about. There's no actual boundary nothing physical or concrete. It's an abstract concept to describe the points in space that we can't see past. Much like the boundaries between states or countries, or you can think of it like the edge of your vision due to your eyes, eyelids and face. You can't see beyond your peripheral vision. You can however turn your head and bring things that were beyond that edge into your new field of view, however even though you turned your head you still can't see anything that doesn't fall into the field, you have a boundary that you can see, everything within that boundary you can observe, anything that isn't you can't. Even if you bring something into your field of view, into that boundary, you still can't see past that boundary. This is the concept he's calling "edge". It isn't concrete it's simply a concept that defines our limits of observation.

[@RaddyC]

Wait, if there's no center of the universe, then where was the big bang?

[@banjobananasnoop6598]

Everywhere.

[@JoeAuerbach]

Well, at once point that was likely the center, but it isn't any more. that said, I suspect that "stuff" of the universe must have something approximating a center (though it's likely not a perfect sphere) but the infinite spacial universe cannot, by definition.

[@Bincle]

It's like asking what halfway between infinity and negative infinity is on a number line.

[@Wanderlust1972]

***** zero

[@banjobananasnoop6598]

***** Zasabiibasaz is right, it's the opposite value (sort of) so the average is 0.

[@raffykock5545]

Amazing!

[@MissStereoHeartbeats]

Interesting theories relating to infinite universes! I enjoyed watching this educationally beneficial video. ^^

[@Steam1901]

How can something that is infinitely big be expanding?

[@ytmndan]

You should probably rewatch the video.

[@Steam1901]

ytmndan why? the answer is not in the video...

[@remmykauffer8252]

because even the best mathematicians and scientists had difficulties with defining the infinity... one explanation i remember was that the universe is like a a hotel that will still have one room left... when the last room is occupied you found out there is another empty room, and so it goes forever. . our minds simply cannot understand this concept, infinity and the first cause are concepts beyond our reason. And it's normal, we now start to understand that our dimension is not offering us a good perspective about the reality... we are limited in our quest.

[@mikzin630]

The universe is infinitely large in mass and the way it is expanding, is by growing older it is expanding in time, and time is supposed to be infinite. It is expanding in time.

[@sentientbeing9781]

The universe is infinite, butt the matter is not, the matter is expanding.

[@aducksecho]

When I think of infinity as a concept, I like to think of it in terms of a process with no beginning nor end rather than picturing ever expanding edges of the universe. It doesn't matter how big or small space is because it all works the same. It is a process that happens to be infinite. If a human understands this concept well enough to where they stop being mind boggled by the concepts of space and time then the brain will change. You will significantly lower or possibly eliminate some of the primal wiring/imprinting including ego, faith, fear, curiosity of the beyond, etc. Imagination and openness to possibility though, will increase among other things... I wish all those who like to think deeply an insightful journey exploring this concept.

[@futureworks6116]

very well done

[@user-xn8wh5in2o]

''you are the centre of the universe and so am I and so is everyone else and so is no one!'' cunning conclusion!

[@xxoxia]

The universe pisses me off, so much. How can something go on forever when there HAS to be an end to everything? If there's no end, then how can there just be infinite space.... IT HAS TO STOP SOMEWHERE! How can it be possible for something to go on with no end? There must be a point at which something stops space, like a brick wall. And what would be past that wall? FUCK! It's impossible for things to not end, yet impossible for things to end without something being past the ending! It's just like numbers.... how can they possibly go on forever when people aren't constantly inventing new numbers to keep them going? What was here before space existed? We all know that it's impossible for something to have always existed, because it had to begin at some point, so they use this big bang to explain the beginning..... but WHAT WAS HERE BEFORE THE BIG BANG? If space started out as a vacuum point, what the living fuck was around that point? WHERE WAS THAT VACUUM POINT GEOGRAPHICALLY? It couldn't have been nowhere, so it had to actually BE SOMEWHERE! Was it in a K Mart bathroom? Was it in its own outer space? Where was it? And where was THAT? And what caused the vacuum to explode? Did some kid walk by and pop it with a pin? WHAT IS OUTSIDE OF SPACE? ARE WE MICROORGANISMS TO SOMEONE ELSE? DO THEY ASK THE SAME QUESTIONS AS WE DO? I'm going to have an aneurysm.

[@crystaldmello]

i agreed with you until you said what was here before the big bang- then i thought "um, we already know that "

[@Williham]

Here's an interesting question: Why does the universe *have* to have an end?

[@Sesarrbg]

***** Some people want an universe that fits with their understanding. That's why we have religions. All in all the universe is what it is. Regardless of what people want.

[@Williham]

Sesarrbg True, but thinking about this kind of question is useful. xxoxia has a problem resulting from his starting from the assumption that the universe cannot be infinite; by considering _why_ this must be the case, he may find that it isn't.

[@xxoxia]

I have trouble believing it could be infinite because I don't see how it can be possible for something to keep going and going. Eventually, there has to be something that is an end and maybe a beginning of something else. And to the guy saying we already know what was before the big bang.... do we? If you're referring to the Bible events, I don't believe in any of that. That's an entirely different tangent, but none of what comes out of that book, is real to me. So, realistically thinking, what could have been before a vacuum hanging around the middle of nowhere? None of it makes sense. This is why I wish we could find out if there is something beyond space within my lifetime.

[@tod_98]

The one big confusing thing I find in this video is if the universe is getting bigger, how can it be infinite? If it's already infinite, how could it possibly get bigger or expand?

[@ryandavis3211]

Adam, the Universe is infinite because it continues to grow, making it infinite.

[@BrendaHoulihan]

It's just REALLY, really big. ..

[@ryandavis3211]

I already said that... o_O

[@BrendaHoulihan]

No. You said it was infinite and I was trying to clarify (for Adam) that it's just really, really, REALLY big...bigger than Alaska...bigger than the largest ball of twine...BIG....

[@BrendaHoulihan]

Keep it simple, Ryan. Lol

[@phamlinh304]

very nice hand writing!!!

[@fellakasanova83]

This is Amazing

[@theechosunwun1875]

If the WHOLE universe isn't infinite, then what's beyond it?

[@shrimpflea]

+TheeChosunWun Another universe.

[@InqWiper]

+TheeChosunWun A circle isn't infinite in size, but if you go along it in one direction you eventually end up where you started. This is one of the proposed possibilities to a universe that is not infinite in size.

[@jabald43]

+Kaleb Bryan Or maybe there are walls that are like black holes and send you back into the universe somewhere? Just thinking about what could be there...

[@InqWiper]

jabald43 I think you are confusing black holes with wormholes.

[@ChickenSundae]

+TheeChosunWun Expanding upon what Kaleb Bryan said, it's hard to imagine nothing. Even if you try, you'll most likely think of large, dark space which is actually something. Our brains just aren't smart enough to comprehend it just like our brains fail at recognizing illusions. The universe is either in a hypothetical box waiting to hit the edge and stop (which is hard to comprehend since the stopping of our universe would need an outside force) or always be creating the edge when it expands. If you go past it I surmise nothing would exist.

[@RedFish4Ever]

I ask my self does it has a end so if it doesnt so its creating? or is everything with or black at the or is there a wall? Really hard queations man

[@djcheckmate1]

+Red Fish 4 Ever if it had a border or a wall, what would be behind it, if every living thing was wiped from planet earth would the universe still exist without anyone or thing to observe it, i dont think it would, look into biocentric universe, we create our reality through our senses..

[@RedFish4Ever]

djcheckmate1 good point! 👍🏻 Its just really confusing

[@RedFish4Ever]

***** what if the universe is a circle? But if its a circle whats holding the circle -.- Bruh Or if the end of the universe is a black hole? obiusly we are not alone there are like a billion galaxys.

[@djcheckmate1]

our universe could be a hologram on the face of a black hole, although i would love to know the answers to these questions, the mystery of it all is pretty cool too, i dont think the human mind will ever be able to comprehend what is really going on :P

[@RedFish4Ever]

djcheckmate1 there could be a way :P

[@adamkatav9752]

i like the finish :)

[@mgpmisterk2322]

quite honestly, im more in favor of the multiverse theory that our universe is not infinite, but that the universe is one of an infinite number of universes all with different properties

[@boredtroll2196]

What if the entire universe is just a single cell, and we live inside that cell.

[@sloanmustafa7792]

What if the universe is an atom

[@seanjblox1264]

Well there's nothing to disprove your theory.

[@quaternion533]

+SEANJBLOX but theres a phiposophic razor

[@aryanalakhramsing]

lol that's what I was thinking too

[@ShaneStanley109]

Omg well u never no we could be

[@sofr123]

How do we know that the whole universe (not the observable universe) is expanding? I don't get it.

[@josegarza7719]

If we (observable universe) is expanding because galaxy's are moving away from each other faster than light, then its only obvious that the whole universe is expanding as well.

[@sofr123]

Roberto Madrigal Ooh, I see. Thanks.

[@aggie7756]

Read up on Hubble's Law. Or look for a KZbin video of Hubble's Law. It should be pretty clear and you will get it. Professor Lawrence Krauss gives an excellent explanation (KZbin Video) of how scientists know that the universe is expanding.

[@tonimontana6220]

Roberto Madrigal not all galaxies are moving farther away from us,Andromeda is moving towards us so can we day that the universe is getting smaller?no.Andromeda and Milky Way have reached each others gravitational pull and thats why.Can you prove me wrong if I say that the other galxies that are moving away from us because they are attracted from another galaxis gravitational pull.

[@MS6InvaderCommander]

+Toni Montana Yes, but the Universe is still expanding into itself and nothingness, because Andromeda and the Milky Way's gravitational pull pulls them closer faster than the Universe is expanding right now, does not mean everything else is 'moving' further away from us. Because the Universe is expanding into itself, we are getting more 'space' within 'space', and because the Universe is also expanding into nothingness, it is 'stretching'. This moves everything away from everything else. It's up to gravity to beat the current expansion's acceleration, which, Andromeda and the Milky Way already have, so they are destined to clash and fusion. You can say that expanding into itself and into nothingness is the same thing, because it is. But this is an easy way to see it. It's not that galaxies far away from us are being pulled by another galaxy away from us. EVERYTHING is getting pulled away from EVERYTHING. Space is created within space and this creates distance between everything, giving the sensation that we're moving away from... everything!

[@mimikyupokemon4443]

i love that flash project "the scale of the universe" :3

[@noone-ft9lw]

why is youtube just now showing me this awesome channel?

[@blackdot6466]

When you watch this go think about life and how little you actually are.

[@krish698]

Yeah, one random solar flare and we all could be wiped out instantly.

[@marctm7614]

Okay but, what is the universe expanding in??

[@Roar_of_Heaven]

Itself?

[@marctm7614]

MLP Fede That doesn't make sense.

[@Roar_of_Heaven]

Marc Zaddy What actually does make sense...

[@marctm7614]

MLP Fede Nothing.

[@_ShaDynasty]

this question always boggles my mind.

[@tmsnssto6375]

YES this is exactly what I wanted to know, that the stuff we see at a certain distance is actually much further in its local distance.

[@Andyman620]

holy crap. wasnt expecting to see scale of the universe there

[@thedevilkid7]

Omg people are quite dumb, the Observable universe is 13.8 billion years old, not the universe as a whole! they don't know when the beginning of time was, they only can see that far into the universe because light has travelled 13.8 billion light years, its science and math people.

[@thedevilkid7]

lol your ignorance is bliss, like neil tyson said, if you pretend to know all the answers you close the door to whats really there, the observable universe is 13.8 billion yes, but we dont know if theres multiverses/anything beyond what we can actually see, also time is a man made concept to help make shit more linear.

[@thedevilkid7]

***** Technically it doesn't have to do with time your right, but the point of it was that you don't know forsure whats entirely out there, yes light has travelled 13.8 billion light years so they can formulate how long that is, the guy in the video is saying the universe is 13.8 billion light years in all directions from the earth that would make it enclosed and bordered into a circle in the video which it does its the "observable universe" cause thats what we can physically see, time/ distance/ speed all directly effect each other. so from which we stand on earth using that formula that was our answer, however the entire universe like this guy said is most likely infinite, therefore meaning that we can't calculate it because there is no light to see! and your different age metaphor doesn't work because of the method used to calculate the observable universe, and the multiverse reference was like we could jus be another dot in a whole other universe itself that was around before ours got created, its too unquantifiable as of right now.

[@thedevilkid7]

***** Lol you kind of just fuelled my argument a bit, how do you know there's not an object farther off in the distance who's light hasn't reached us yet? with today's technology your right it is an absolutely great method and is quite accurate. but it doesn't mean it is definite, your right tho it is likely that is not the case because its 13.8 in all directions but again its the universe, too much mystery shrouds it to be fully concluding. And i'd love to see you say your stupidity is overwhelming to me or someone's face, keyboard warriors these days... if you're a scrawny little kid who gets bullied that ain't my fault but lets keep this conversation intellectual there bud.

[@thedevilkid7]

***** lol well you seem to think you have all the answers, are you an astrophysicist?, dude you're not reading what im saying, yes OUR universe is 13.8 billion years old FROM the Big Bang because the farthest point we can see in all directions is 13.8 light years, I GET IT you swine chill out, I'm talking about a bigger picture, the big bang could be one of several big bangs that are spread apart thus making the "real universe" (its all speculation because like i said we dont know this yet) much older (unless our big bang was the first in existence or the only one in existence, (that has yet to be determined). that is all !

[@thedevilkid7]

***** again dude its a theory and yes a form of the multiverse theory, and again that THEORY says that universes are separate, it is not concluded, and thats what I was trying to say then sorry, All I'm saying is that there are more answers out there... and save your name calling for the true morons of youtube, or if you prefer we can meet up and you can say it to my face. which you more than likely dont have the balls for.

[@MasterSpade]

His answer to the Whole Universe having a Center is: "Almost certainly not". He says that at about the 3:15 mark. But, if the Big Bang Theory is correct, then that means the Whole Universe started from a single Point. If that is the case, and it started expanding as it is today, then shouldn't that mean that the Whole Universe HAS to have a Center!? If you turned back time(cher) the Universe would eventually go back to that Center.......wouldn't it? Anyone understand why he says "Almost certainly not"?

[@kevinwilbert3966]

Master Spade great question tho, but i dont know the answer. sorry

[@icykarma2122]

Well, if it did have a center, where could it be? If we see things in every direction, and everything is expanding in every direction away from us, where could there possibly be a center? If, from our "center" of the universe, we know we can't see the edge, where can the center possibly be.

[@yaminerenri]

Master Spade what was there before the bigbang? There are multiple theories, if the bigbang did happen then I would say there was a center of the universe but we would never find it. And another theory I can't quite wrap my head around is that even if the bigbang did happen there would be no center of the universe because something would have been existing since there is truly not "non existant" in this world meaning that matter or some sort "thing" was already in place for the big bang to happen.

[@LoLCTHSKateer]

The big bang theory is the theory that states about the expansion of the universe, at every single point in the universe, into everywhere. Imagine a whole number axis, where we start from zero, stretching right into infinity, and left into negative infinity. On this axis, every single point of it is "the center", as no matter how you move the position, there are still infinite number of numbers to both the left and the right of your position; that's because of the feature of infinity: no matter what you do with it, it'll still remain infinite. With that said, now imagine if you shrink the left and right of this axis down, 10 times, 19 times, 88 times, 649 times, and even infinite times, you still end up with infinite number, and infinite points in this axis. It is the same idea in the big bang theory: although the universe is expanding, it is expanding into itself, making it bigger infinitely in infinite space; we are but a finite number in that infinity, so although we think that turning back the clock 13 billions years would center the universe into something, the fact alone that the universe is infinite make it impossible to have a center of infinity, which means it just collapse into itself infinite times, leaving us with still infinity. What make "sense" as the "beginning of time" is the time where physics as we know it today came into existence 13 billions years ago, prior to that, the universe is so condense that the amount of energy gather into one place making particles vibrate at such a high rate, it breaks the Planck length rule, therefor physics as we know it cannot exist in such state. What is prior to that, is anyone guess; but what can be sure, is that there is still no such thing as a center "immediately" after big bang, but instead still infinite space.

[@JBerg_]

The universe expands infinitely in all directions. That means you could pick any point and call it the centre of the universe because from that point space stretches equally far in all directions: infinitely far.

[@BennettCHS]

"And so is no one." MIND BLOWN

[@the.spriggan]

You should also mention how there is so much stuff we can never observe from here because the space between the space between us is expanding faster than the light traveling towards us so with time the observable universe won't have anything new comming up for us to see

[@AAA-kt4nn]

teh uidnevrese iz flet

[@matthewgan5748]

en teh eart iz flet tuu

[@joshuavalencia1154]

this is literally the funniest things earth flatters can either be offended or be made a joke

[@matthewgan5748]

Joshua Valencia u woht m8?

[@benstar8123]

(:0

[@lastermanfarting4893]

if the whole universe has a size of ∞ then how can it expand... its already the biggest, will it be 2 * ∞? no because thats also = to ∞. the "expandiation" is nonsence to me

[@johngalmann9579]

The universe isnt neceserely infinte, but rather unbounded. Like the surfece on a sphere. The universe could be expanding just like the surfece on a baloon when you blow it up. Still in any direction you walk you could walk infinete just like a sphere has no edge

[@West_Kagle]

ashk reot I was wondering that same thing myself. How can infinity get bigger?

[@SamButler11]

West Kagle the universe has an infinite amount of space. at the moment some of that space is empty and objects are moving away from each other to fill that space, hence 'expanding' from a certain point. could call it 'spreading out'. im not 100% sure i'm right though.

[@ThePCguy17]

there are different infinities...the current infinity is not as big as the future one. But both are "infinite" as we can't comprehend the actuality of the size due to minor brain limitations. -I believe it was numberphile where I learned this about infinities, or maybe even here, and I could be rather wrong, so feel free to correct me, knowledgeables!

[@lastermanfarting4893]

so the infinity's size is what it is relatively to other infinities now it makes sence

[@allen764]

What a great video.

[@PantherFox]

This is amazing. But it's even more intense while listening to Wisp - The Bard play over the top. (spectacular DnB, for those not in the know)

[@rocket6173]

i think the universe most likely is not infinite.

[@stopthephilosophicalzombie9017]

+david bell I agree. The whole notion of an infinite space with finite temporal dimension is disgusting.

[@IntroSpecktive]

+david bell then the question is, what is beyond it?

[@rocket6173]

nothing

[@rocket6173]

most likely an empty void of nothingness.

[@lesterjones7385]

+david bell lol that can't be fucking possible!

[@Huu159]

Aha! I knew that the universe revolved around me

[@klascom1]

I've always wondered if space followed some principles of fluid dynamics? For example, what if it's only expanding in the observable universe, and said space is bunching up against other space, effectively making pockets of more/less dense space? I don't have quite the scientific back ground to explore the concept, but I do like to wonder. :)

[@kateiry4719]

2:39 The acceleration of universe expansion makes the cosmic horizon expand faster than the light cone, so actually there's less and less we can see.

[@enrichment9899]

Yeah... I'm religious. People ask where God is from and whatever not. But even if you don't believe in a God. How could you possibly understand the creator of something. If you can't even understand the created. Well I also will never understand how either the universe is infinite, or finite and thus with an edge and expanding. Expanding into what?? ''Expanding into what'', that's all you guys think. We're humans, humans think their own way and will never understand things like a God or science. You could compare us to a system like Windows or OS X. When you put a program not designed in it, it just won't get to work. Those matters are too big for our brains. We think too much in our senses as those senses are all we have. But what about our heart? For who wants to see there's light. Well why didn't God give us more powerful brains then? No need, there are already people pure in their heart, being able to see with their heart. For if you ask I only belief what I see then a blind man would never believe. Imagination cannot reach Him, so as to assign Him quantity. Understanding cannot think of Him, so as to give Him shape. Senses do not perceive Him, so as to feel Him. Hands cannot touch Him, so as to rub against him. He does not change into any condition. He does not pass from one state to another. Nights and days do not turn him old. Light and darkness do not alter Him. It cannot be said that He has a limit or extremity, or end or termination. Nor do things control Him so as to raise Him or lower Him. Not does anything carry Him, so as to bend Him or keep Him erect. He is not inside things nor outside them. He conveys news, but not with the tongue or voice. He listens, but not with the holes of the ears or the organs of hearing. He says, but does not utter words. He remembers, but does not memorize. He determines, but not by exercising His mind. He loves and approves without any sentimentality (of heart). He hates and feels angry without any painstaking. When He intends to create someone He says ''Be'' and there he is, but not through a voice that strikes the ears is that called heard. His speech is an act of His creation The foremost in religion is the acknowledgement of Him, the perfection of acknowledging Him is to testify Him, the perfection of testifying him is to believe in His oneness, the perfection of believing in His Oneness is to regard him pure, and the perfection of His purity is to deny Him attributes, because every attribute is a proof that it is different from that to which it is attributed. And everything to which something is attributed is different from the attribute. Thus whoever attaches attributes to God recognizes His like, and who recognizes His like regards Him two; and who regards Him two recognizes parts for Him; and who recognizes parts for Him mistook Him; and who mistook him pointed at Him; and who pointed at Him admitted limitations for Him; and who admitted limitations for Him numbered Him. Whoever said ''in what is He?'' held that He is contained; and whoever said ''on what is He held?'' He is not on something else. He is a Being but not through the phenomenon of coming into being. He exists but not from non-existence. He is with everything but not in a physical nearness. He is different from everything but not in physical separation. He acts but without connotation of movements and instruments. He sees even when there is none to be looked at from among His creation. He is only One, such that there is none with whom He may keep company, or whom He may miss in his absence. ''We will show them our signs in the universe, and their own selves until it becomes manifest to them that this is the truth.''

[@jack_amie]

No only my ex girlfriend is the centre of the universe

[@guardsdepot]

Thankyou...............That made total sense to me...................................................

[@Owen_loves_Butters]

1:33 I mean it’s pretty simple. If the universe is a 4d sphere, it’s not infinite but there’s no edge.

[@boiifyoudont6113]

i think if you went slower, and further in depth, you could much better. your work is already amazing and i love it!

[@MetalacBezRuzine]

good one ^^

[@vaisakhvm1726]

Just amazing!!!! 😍❤

[@Rowlandi11]

favorite vid

[@jfrancisbf]

I was just talking to a friend about this shortly after waking up, having watches Vsauce's "Travel INSIDE a Black Hole" video. You have made my day, with your charming artistry. No... Actually, you and Vsauce's "Michael" both. ^w^

[@TilekMamutov]

Great video, many thanks! How can you say that the whole universe is expanding if it's infinite anyways?

[@annagra4736]

It's infinite Because it's expanding

[@aakashbagga7660]

Nice ending!

[@GerwantPlayAgain]

I see a major issue with what you said in this episode. As light travels through interstelar space, it gets redshifted, due to the expansion of the space itself, but from what I've learned from channel PBS Spacetime, the expansion happens to be faster than the speed of light, as to the space expansion, light speed limit does not apply. If this is true, basically the part of the universe we see shouldn't allow us to see more distant objects than those we currently see, and also it should get more empty over time, as the space between our galaxy and other distant galaxies expands in a manner that makes at least part of those galaxies "run away" from us.

[@tabletgenesis3439]

I understand the name "Light-year" now. If something happened 1 light-year away from us, it would take 1 year for us to see what happened.

[@Myrmaster05]

When Lawrence Krauss talks about weighing the universe with gravitational lensing, to discern it's future, is he referring only to the observable universe? The whole concept made sense when I thought of the universe as finite in space, but not so much as infinite.

[@KWolf2013]

00:38 Oh my god no one has ever explained that to me and IT FINALLY MAKES SENSE. So thank you.

[@nikhilsultania170]

You are the center of your own universe gained a new meaning

[@serubyne57]

I see Cary and Michael's Scale of the Universe 2. Cool.

[@turtlesquadpeter1184]

For some reason this video made me cry like a baby...

[@Dracina]

whats the difference between space being infinite and the universe not having an edge? if there's no edge 'bound' would it not go on forever and therefore be infinite? Or is it like a giant loop where if we traveled in one particular direction we would eventually get back to the same place we started in? And how would we tell the difference since given an infinite amount of space, there would be repeating patterns of possibilities?

[@snaggledog0079]

I would like to see the title question actually answered at some time.