How Black Panther’s Vibranium Suit Works! | Because Science w/ Kyle Hill

[@becausescience]

Vibranium is still darn confusing, but I think this is a decent approximation of what could be going on. I see a lot of comments about Newton's third, and that's good! REMEMBER, I'm now taking questions and comments from these pages for the new vlog series (and in a future episodes). Comment here and you may be featured! Oh and the movie is a great superhero story, go see it. Thanks for watching! -- KH

[@CL_Audio_Tuning]

So you think you would do a Vibranium vs. Adamantium video?! :D

[@MatterBeamTSF]

If you cut the vibranium slowly using an adamantium knife, it could work.

[@lasarith2]

Because Science Kyle look for a material called D3o it’s a plastic that absorbs impacts and spreads them across its volume - while not a metal it’s about as close a real life version we have atm.

[@morlath4767]

Your last part sounds like it's actually the easiest to work out. It could be that the Wakandans have worked out some type of "signal" which releases/keeps the energy from being instantly released. I'm thinking this actually explains the Captain America's shield vs Thor's Hammer scene in Avengers. The shield instantly "instantly" sprung back (Vibranium is probably ulta springing in itself) with no additional method of holding back....maybe?

[@erbgorre]

wouldnt even have to be adamantium, necessarily, would it? anything sufficiently sharp - as in thin - should be able to cut into it when used with minimal force. like simply letting wonder womans sword "rest" on t'challas shoulder should have gravity slowly cut him up, no? ;P

[@Evocashious]

"Hulk I need you to punch me a few times.." -Black Panther before going nuclear.

[@MRacer001]

maybe this is how they will defeat Thanos in Infinity War :) that would be epic

[@MatterBeamTSF]

In the movie, the Black Panther suit is mentioned to be built of of 'nanites', so molecular-scale springs built out of vibranium is perfectly reasonable. The springs don't necessarily have to look like the metal coils springs we are used to: they can simply be the potential energy in vibrating atoms. Vibranium's special property is that it can store these vibrations/compressed springs/stored energy without losing it gradually as heat and deformation. Oh, and Black Panther, charged up with kinetic energy, could kill a man by touching him.

[@jacobandrews2663]

Matter Beam this is beautiful

[@MoreCurlsMoreGurls]

That's all really nice, but that still doesn't explain the "activate on command" ability, upon, as you say, the atomic structures/springs to make them release the energy. Also, vibrating atoms would produce heat. A LOT of heat. We're talking kilojouls, apparently, and that's just not something you can store away easily, with no apparent effect; A tough spring, storing this much potential energy, would either tear apart the suit into pieces, outward, or better yet, contract even further and collapse unto the guy wearing it. Basically, imagine getting shot with a 12-Gauge whilst wearing Kevlar. Sure, it might not go through... But your broken bones might creak a little. If you mean to say that it's as strong and tensile as spider silk, or "just" Kevlar, it would still have an enormous effect on the wearer; especially if as said in the video - 7.62 Nato is a tiny, pointy bullet, flying really, really quickly, and would either penetrate the suit, or at least apply a huge amount of pressure in a tiny area on it... And the suit seems metallic in the footage, so to be able to absorb this many bullets and not deform - it would probably have to be really dense and heavy. Please, correct me if I'm wrong on anything; Would love a mention or answer in the vlog. Thanks! Love your videos, Kyle :D

[@MegaArc]

One touch man

[@MatterBeamTSF]

The activate on command is probably where nanotechnology comes into play. Vibrating atoms quickly transform their movements into heat. Circulating current quickly transforms its energy into heat. The key feature here is resistance - like a superconductor, Vibranium must store its energy/vibrations without any resistance. The property you are thinking of is elasticity. Vibranium isn't necessarily elastic to be able to store a lot of energy, so it won't pull on anything when compressed. Conservation of momentum would have some pretty weird effects, sometimes deadly, yes. Not deforming because of bullets means a lot of mechanical strength, not density/heaviness. Diamonds are stronger than steel, even if steel if much heavier and denser.

[@MatterBeamTSF]

@MegaArche: If the suit releases its energy like a subwoofer or a Mantis Shrimp, which is by moving its surface outwards over a short distance, then it can create incredible pressures. This pressure will create a blast wave if allowed to expand in the air. However, if it is directly in contact with a person... imagine a stick of dynamite exploding against a person's chest. Pop! Splat!

[@Panthror]

Well, his suit is stored in his necklace and can be brought out by thought, so the vibranium is clearly programmable, in which case you can do just about anything with the stuff. They also have vibranium beads around their wrist, which have loads of different functions varying from EMPs to holo-phones, so like Ultron said: "The most versatile substance on the planet, and they used it to build a Frisbee."

[@jmb72390]

I'm glad you mentioned that cuz I was just about to say that please note they wasn't advanced intimate with vibranium as Wakanda

[@UpperDarbyDetailing]

To be fair to Howard Stark, they only had a tiny bit of (probably) unrefined vibranium. Just figuring out how to process it properly is a big deal and would take a long time. Figuring out all of those ways to use it apparently took the Wakandans centuries. Also, not to forget that it’s apparently woven into all of their clothing, which seems WAY more wasteful.

[@gurixd100]

Mantis Shrimp really deserves his own movie or netflix series.

[@ScottBurns79stanger]

Lucas D'Zan enjoy this then. kzbin.info/www/bejne/fGapdp1vipJ2gK8

[@shrikesavadithya6683]

Check out scishow on the mantis shrimp and cavitation.

[@MrLexxBomb]

well there was the M.A.N.T.I.S superhero TV show back in the 90's

[@gurixd100]

Super hero? in the 90's? tv-show mantis?

[@MrLexxBomb]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/ap-Vool4q5Wsn5I

[@becausescience]

I MEAN MAGAZINE JEEZ I GET IT -- KH

[@AnesidoraAston]

They're fairly interchangeable, as are silencer and suppressor. Don't worry about it.

[@R3_dacted0]

Clips hold bullets. Magazines hold and feed bullets.

[@Mixu.]

Because Science I think the clearest distinction between the two is this Magazine: a box with bullets inside Clip: holds bullets by the base of the bullets, is rarely present while shooting the gun (damn you M1 Garand) Also, about silencer and suppressor, silencers basically don't exist so... Yeah. that's kinda easy.

[@xBROtalityx_gaming]

Peter Uhlenberg wrong

[@hart-of-gold]

Magazines have a spring (or other mechanical means) to force ammo out to a feed system. A clip is a system to hold ammo together to speed loading (or allow usual loads e.g. a rimless round in a revolver) but by themselves do not force ammo in the feed system.

[@charleslee8313]

That's just an explanation of the suit. I want to see you discuss the other technological advancements that Wakanda has! That would make for a fun episode (or two...or nine)

[@DrawingwithNoel]

do watch my new drawing video of Black Panther .......,,,,,,,,,..... do watch my new drawing video of Black Panther

[@iancardenas-spanishbutcomp4074]

Or maybe a new mini serie

[@janekkindinger5232]

When you wrote the numbers underneath eachother at 7:10 and did not stay in line with the ones, tens, hundreds and thousands columns, actually triggered me a little bit :) A great video anyways. Thanks a lot, to you and the team.

[@Gladzet]

You know what? I thought I'd have a problem with this show overall, but I don't. Thank you. You see, I love magic, I don't have a problem with it being unscientific, I like not knowing some things (even if that's silly). You love science and knowing what is what, so I would think you'd destroy magic, but boy I was wrong. Firsty, your childlike fascination with all the things is pretty magical, but secondly and more importantly, you aren't in the business of destroying anything, you're just selling the idea that science is cooler. I gotta say - it's bloody working. Never thought I'd be fascinated by physics but here we are. Thank you, Kyle (and team) ❤

[@becausescience]

Thank you so much! I'm glad the mission statement, if you will, came through. I don't like "debunking" things. It's much more interesting to me to see how and where we can apply real scientific principles to pop culture properties that we already love, adding to our passion. -- KH

[@jafnanmeinsamr611]

i like to think of it as is often said in marvel, magic is just science that we don't understand, magic doesn't break the rules of physics, it is part of i, they're one and the same

[@EntidadLibre]

Yeah, I got you there with "fascinated by physics" of Kyle ;)

[@Joe.Rogan.]

So happy Because Science is its own channel now... I've been torn for so long cause i love Because Science but hate everything else Nerdist does and it wasnt worth getting notifications from a channel that only have one show i watch... what a great day.

[@Jordan_C_Wilde]

The real question is how Tachala deals with the recoil that would occur if he accelerated a two ton car to 10m/s ...

[@chrisbrownsword2763]

@@randy86 which would result in T'challa experiencing double the force...I wonder just how durable he'd have to be to withstand that...I mean I guess he wouldn't move from the spot but wow that would hurt

[@toob_noob4381]

Auperhynan abilities + fictional metal + super suit science bs = fuck physics

[@DaReapa]

This is the first and only channel I've ever subscribed to. Keep up the good work Kyle and I really hope your show expands.

[@gigaatom]

I guess you really had to use your vi-brain-ium for this one

[@becausescience]

BOOOO (nice) -- KH

[@zoune1144]

lol nerd joke

[@FlagCutie]

I appreciate this pun!

[@jonathanbronico]

The problem of storing the potential energy could be circumvented if the vibranium suit is viewed as a piezoelectric generator instead of a series of spring-like molecular machines. Much of the same principles from the video could still be applied to this hypothesis. When pressure is applied to a piezoelectric material, an electric current is generated, which could be stored for later use in a battery or capacitor. When T'Challa wishes to release the energy, he passes the stored electricity in the battery through the suit, and the piezoelectric circuit works in reverse, converting the electric current back into physical force, just as explained in the video. Additionally, piezoelectric materials come in all shapes and varieties from crystals to ceramics to synthetic polymers. Assuming that vibranium falls under this broad spectrum would not be a far-fetched idea. Also, DARPA has tried using wearable versions of this technology in real life to convert the mechanical energy of marching soldiers into usable electricity. Ultimately, the wearable tech was too uncomfortable to continue with the project, but this is close enough of a real-world counterpart that it's worth mentioning.

[@wuhugm]

I just watched the movie, so lemme clear up some things : 1. The suit in Civil War and Black Panther are different, the one with Kinetic Energy Absorption and Distribution is in the latter. 2. The improved suit is made of nanites/nanomachines (said his sister) which in inactive state stored in the necklace. When activated, the nanites envelop the wearer body to form Black Panther suit. 3. The part of the suit that receives damage glows and then the glow is distributed throughout the whole body and the glow gets brighter for every additional damage and it will stay that way until the kinetic energy is released intentionally or until the suit can't hold the the energy anymore and it gets released unintentionally. From fact number 3 we can conclude that : - The glow is in fact the nanites, filled with kinetic energy, distributing the energy throughout the suit (the particles are literally moving around). - Kyle's String Theory is incorrect because the glow is not static. If they were strings, the energy would be concentrated only on the parts hit and it wouldn't be possible to release the stored energy in spherical blast either. - My theory is that the energy gets unleashed by vibrating the outer layer (the glowing one) of the suit in an extremely high frequency that it creates a powerful shockwave. Vibrating Vibranium... Cool~ I think this video was made before Kyle saw the movie? No way he missed the nanites thing if he had.

[@VelociraptorsOfSkyrim]

Alexander Reinfield Or, maybe, the Nanites are the things making the springs and distributing the energy?

[@wuhugm]

Actually forming springs is inefficient and honestly structural fault. It would be better to have the "charged" particle swimming around the entire surface of the suit.

[@becausescience]

I did have to shoot this before the movie came out (I usually do), and I agree with you for the most part. However, I am always trying to be as simple as I can with this comic book weirdness. Isn't it just as "likely" that the nanites could be spring-structured yet mobile? -- KH

[@wuhugm]

Indeed, Kyle. The nanites might form spring or similar structure during the impact/damage mitigation phase. Though, during the energy release, the vibration will break the molecular bonding thus making the spring structures collapse, so they need to be reconstructed afterwards. Still very possible.

[@horrorhotel46290]

The only problem I see with the way you are explaining the suit is that those billions of molecular springs should store the energy locally, and thus, you would only be able to release the energy from the exact same spot it impacted the suit. However, we see Black Panther use the energy stored in his suit in a variety of ways, thus creating the necessity for the springs to be able to somehow exchange energy with each other. I think one can get around that problem and explain Captain America’s shield at the same time by explaining vibranium in terms of the piezoelectric effect, so instead of storing potential elastic energy, we transform it into electric energy, which can ‘easily’ be stored at will: The Suit can store the electric energy generated by the deformations of the Vibranium in some superconductor-like material and release it back into the Vibranium in a ‘controlled’ way by means of some dermal sensor or EEG-like interface in the helmet. Captain america’s shield on the other hand has no long term storage capacities, if it is hit, the deformation creates electric energy which flows into the secondary capacitor-layer. The energy is however not stored there, but it ‘immediately’ (so fast that it wouldn’t matter on non-relativistic timescales- which should be possible if the resistance of the material is low enough) flows back into the Vibranium but with an opposite sign (kind of like an LC oscillator circuit) and creates an opposite deformation of the crystal, thus repelling the projectile (at almost the exact same speed,as there are no power losses because of the insanely low resistance- possibly even #superconductors?) Love the show, you are an excellent science communicator, I could never bring across even half the concepts mentioned in this comment in remotely as pallateable of a fashion as you do on a weekly basis, your videos make me believe in a bright future for education.

[@becausescience]

Thank you for your kind words Ben. It means a lot to me, seriously. I usually try to simplify as much as possible while respecting the canon and being educational. I'm not an expert, but I try my best. Never even thought of the piezoelectric route. -- KH

[@Jaguar3as2]

This is exactly what I was talking about! Thanka for elaborating.

[@theguywhooasked]

Same

[@Zekken.00]

Because Science doesn't quartz have the piezoelectric effect

[@Jaguar3as2]

Stealth Spider it does, but I really doubt it would not get obliterated by that kind of energy. Although it would be a great starting point.

[@microphonejacket]

LOVE THIS GUY!!! THANK YOU FOR MAKING THIS SINGLE CHANNEL!! Nerdist is still cool, BUT THIS IS EVEN BETTER!!!

[@TheCrankyOldMage]

All the firearms mentioned in this video use magazines (often shortened to mags), not clips. For those who don't know, a magazine is a container for holding ammo with a mechanism to feed that ammo into the action of the gun. They can be a removable part or integral to the gun. A clip on the other hand is just that; a simple piece of metal that holds several rounds of ammo together. The thing that confuses people is that some clips are stuffed into the magazine of a gun along with the ammo it holds. The Garand rifle is a prime example of this.

[@Teraphas]

Kyle love your model for the suit. Could we take it a step further to hypothesis the store and release functionality? They could have the springs actually set up akin to chains with the energy being transferred along to feed into loops within the armor. So the energy from a hit in the shoulder would be funneled by the nano springs to these spring loops that would contain the energy until the suit flips a switch akin to a railroad redirecting all that energy along various functionality paths to produce the controlled effects we see. Especially seeing this is a universe with stark armor that seems to have a layer of neural interface so the panther suit could be utilizing similar to allow the suit to release its stores as needed. This could be the smaller bursts needed for him running faster down to the big bursts we see.

[@Excellor64]

0:30 Started laughing at this and the when Kyle smiled and nodded at what was written, I laughed loud enough to have co-workers look at me with puzzled eyes XD Worth it!

[@mjstory1976]

I can't wait to see the QA on this one

[@Avigorus]

Love Mantis Shrimps, they're my favorite animal. As for Vibranium, I believe the idea is that the metal itself is somehow naturally a perfect elastic spring system in and of itself, no actual fancy science needed to make it do that. The part that would need some R&D is figuring out how to make sure the metal releases the energy in the desired way; the shield would be designed to release the energy from the edges, the BP suit via whatever mechanism is used for that energy release power.

[@MechabitGames]

What if the suit is made up of piezoelectric generators and stores the energy as electricity? He can then release the electric current back into the piezoelectric crystals and cause them to change shape rapidly on command.

[@aidanwalker2483]

Good video. An idea I had was that the 'springs' could be something like ATP in cells. This works with what we see: -The energy can be stored then released in one go - such as with a chemical signal within a muscle -The energy seems to be able to redistribute a bit around through his suit - tubes / connections to spread ATP around -In Age Of Ultron we hear about vibranium interacting with organic molecules - vibranium enhanced ATP?

[@zenhydra]

How would such a suit keep the wearer from turning to paste inside it when releasing kilojoules of energy? A car might be crushed, but the suit (and wearer) will be accelerated in the same destructive manner. Black Panther's suit would be more of an assisted-suicide device than Iron Man's (which is saying something).

[@darkecofreak23]

Zen Hydra Good question, but I think Kyle answered that in the video on why Iron Man can take 90° turns without severe injury.

[@zenhydra]

He really didn't. He supposed that IM might have a cushioning device like a woodpecker's tongue, but there is a lot more energy at play in IM's aerobatics than a woodpecker's pecking motion.

[@companymen42]

Disney magic

[@UberAffe1]

Iron mans problem is a problem of actually accelerating his body this is an expansion of the suit. Assuming the interior layer of the suit has the ability to become a perfectly rigid body (non-compressible) then he would be unaffected.

[@iagonovidelsky8290]

if the inside layer is also made of vibranium, it wouldn affect the wearer because of its own properties, also making, wich is something vibranium is told can do in comis as in captain america shield. But it would mean that some more energy has to be stored somewhere. Then perhaps it has another set of springs ready to take energy from the inside layer and with this change of surface induce the current that lights his purple flashes all over the suit

[@badpoulet]

Because Science is quickly becoming my favorite KZbin channel.

[@becausescience]

Very kind! I hope that has something to do with the new format/schedule -- KH

[@TristenHarris777]

Aw yeah, a new because science. LOVE the upload schedule.

[@Atzuma99]

I have to wonder, exactly how did the wakandans actually manage to develop their tech through the use of vibranium? All it says in the story at least in the movie is "HEY THERE'S COOL STUFF IN THE GROUND then *POOF* WE HAVE STUFF NOW."

[@RockSchneider]

Wont tchalla be crushed when he releases the energy stored in his suit or atleast go flying in the opposite direction?

[@TechandDoc]

This was the most well explained episode yet! Well done, very enjoyable!

[@Vegeta8300]

How about an episode about how we might be able to make a symbiote suit with SCIENCE? Nano tech, biological, etc. Just a thought, with the Venom movie coming out. :)

[@AnonymousFreakYT]

This might very well be the best BS yet. I am amazed you found a way to make the effects seen on screen seem perfectly reasonable. (Also, the mantis shrimp bit was a great addition!)

[@INTENSECOUCH]

Its not stated in the trailer if his claws are made from the variation of vibranium known as anti metal, but what these do is weaken molecular bonds of nearby metals. Could you explain how this variation of vibranium works?

[@samcarey9050]

INTENSE COUCH Metals are made up of metallic bonds, where the metal atoms make up the metal’s crystal structure. The metal atoms are all surrounded by the “electron sea” holding them together. Manufacturing methods (Metallurgy) can describe how metals get certain characteristics, which also includes how they break.

[@INTENSECOUCH]

Sam Carey but how does the anti metal vibranium use the potential energy it stores to break that apart?

[@swampdonk3y712]

INTENSE COUCH vibranium isn’t real. That’s how it works.

[@brandonn.1275]

the closest thing we have to anti-metal material is probably mercury, which will cripple the structural integrity of some metals upon absorption.

[@samcarey9050]

INTENSE COUCH I wonder if it could be because Black Panther’s claws are just incredibly sharp, or if it’s something else. The potential energy could be transformed into “work” energy, which is a force working over a distance. The force could cause the bonds to separate. Put simply, I wonder if lots of force can break stuff. Haha :)

[@JaxMerrick]

Would you get a similar storage of energy if the suit had some sort of piezoelectric ability, like quartz? Just having some way to release the energy as needed. The way I see it, the suit can be laced with a piezoelectric material along with the vibranium, and this material would induce a charge that would be stored by some kind of capacitor. The suit has already been seen as engaging in power armor-like feats of strength, and this could help augment T'Challa's own abilities.

[@YetiCoolBrother]

Somebody call Kevin Feige, this is the best explanation on BP suit and should definitely be the definitive one.

[@becausescience]

TWEET AT THE WRITER OF THE COMIC -- KH

[@LordTalron]

you said you got something changed before? what was it i cant remember

[@joesutherland672]

I read “Feige” as Fridge. I know who he is, I just read it wrong and it changed the whole thing.

[@ChrisRand-gf7lz]

So we have had the "Surprise Light Saber", does this mean we can now have the "Rogue Captain America Shield"?

[@SuperAlphabetagama]

But would it mean that Black Panther's punches wouldn't hurt if he hasn't absorbed anything? Since his punch would absorb its own power.

[@becausescience]

This is the weird part: momentum is conserved, and it would take a force to compress these springs. Equal and opposite force on target -- KH

[@frankwijnhoven8464]

You did it! That animation is like a dream🌴

[@dragonweyr44]

What I don't understand is when a person is shot while wearing a Kevlar vest, even if the bullet doesn't penetrate the vest, the wearer still feels the impact and can get bruised by the impact. Would T'Challa still get bruised too?

[@NotBothered10]

Depends. If the suit is literally just stopping the bullet from going through it like kevlar is then yes. But more likely the suit is actually absorbing the energy in the 'little springs', and could be spreading the momentum around his body rather than localizing it. If thats the case it wouldnt bruise him, but should still push him back (for example in civil war when he's being shot by 50 cal bullets from that helicopter and not being pushed back, he SHOULD be knocked about like a ragdoll, even if it doesnt hurt him. If a kick can push you back, you can be a damn sure a 50 cal bullet can. Movie directors always underestimate just how strong those things are)

[@UberAffe1]

You get bruised through a kevlar vest because as it absorbs and spreads out the impact it does so by pushing against you, so instead of getting punctured you get bruised (some energy is also absorbed in the tearing/puncturing of the vest). So if the interior of suit is able to become rigid then the impact gets spread across the entire suit and no bruising.

[@theanti-meme8778]

NotBothered brings up a good point about the conservation of momentum. Additionally most ballistics vests use a hard plate made out of ceramics or steel in order to stop rifle rounds and shrapnel. The ceramic ones are designed to shatter and most of that energy from the round is used to shatter the plate. Projectiles also lose a lot of energy deforming the metal in a steel plate, but typically you will experience more bruising and have the wind knocked out of you more with the steel plates. Soft armor like kevlar works by preventing the bullet from penetrating by not spreading apart when the projectile makes contact, and will typically turn the bullet sideways. Less of the energy is absorbed by the fabric and therefore you will in turn suffer greater injuries from the impact of the bullet because more force will be transferred to your body.

[@dragonweyr44]

People have also been shown to break ribs sometimes as well when wearing soft body armor

[@bottypaige8165]

9:00 You say he could do the same as a mantis/pistol shrimp (creating a cavitation bubble) but in the air. I don't think you can create a cavitation bubble in air though, as far as I know it only works with in-compressible liquids like water or hydraulic oil.

[@sisa1454]

what if he wore the suit under water? would the pressure from the water charge his suit

[@animehbkscm]

Pressure =/= kinetic energy. If it worked like that the suit would also get charged just by being worn, with the air pressure from the atmosphere.

[@nerdywhispers127]

I want to see this Black Panther and Godzilla crossover

[@piguyalamode164]

@@animehbkscm But is it? Pressure is just particles of stuff bouncing off of you, so at an atomic scale pressure and heat are kinetic energy

[@temptedtrevor8498]

Energy will definitely be stored but due to compressive force of pressure, but you wouldn't be able to release it cause the pressure force balances the force applied by springs. You could however come outside the water and then release it.

[@erbgorre]

7:39 nice uppercut ;D good episode altogether. nano springs are a pretty hot topic

[@owenreese6714]

You should do a video on how much energy the jack and the beanstalk would need to grow

[@Doc0A]

from the scenes in the movie your theory looks good. They also claimed "Nanites" to be the ones doing the storing, so I think you explained the half a century mystery quite well

[@GreaterBookWyrm]

Do we not have to worry about the equal and opposite reaction of said tiny springs? Like, if he touches the car, and forces it away, he still has to hold his hand steady, right? wouldn't it blow his arm off or something? >.> I am not a scientist, and know nothing, I'm just curious.

[@montana727]

This is such a well-done video. The research and entertainment are spot on. I hope young people get inspired to research a way to make this suite and other cool stuff a reality. Graphene would be a great place to start.

[@bardshousegaming8622]

Just one correction, AK-47's don't have clips, they have magazines. Otherwise, awesome episode!

[@bardshousegaming8622]

Actually, while some older guns used clips to hold clusters of bullets together to make them easier to load into a box magazine, the AK-47 wasn't one of them. the word Magazine refers to any contained collection of an item, like a munitions magazine on a sailing ship. unfortunately this usage of the word has become archaic.

[@final_catalyst]

solution to the turning to past problem captain America's shield material is the inner layer of the suit so |shielding| skin. putting all the energy back out

[@Kamen_Hammer]

You’ve spoken of Star Trek, Star Wars, Mass Effect and Halo. Will you be discussing *Warhammer* in future episodes?

[@AnesidoraAston]

Warhammer and science. You're a funny one.

[@NickCombs]

If he does, he should do some xenos related theories, but I fear it would mostly be about Space Marines... sigh.

[@Kamen_Hammer]

Nick Combs hey if it helps get him to talk about Warhammer in general I’m fine with it.

[@magoilic1048]

Dude! this is a very good explanation for vibranium. keep up the good work!

[@AtilaElari]

Got to say it - magazine, not clip.

[@urultimatemaster]

Was just about to say this

[@Beamer1969]

Clip is just fine when you are speaking of a quantity of bullets because a clip is used to refill a magazine.

[@ariaghamati1693]

I was cringing so hard when he was saying it lol. It's a magazine Kyle

[@Nathan-bs8yy]

As members of the gun community, we are extremely tight butted about this, im sorry Kyle but we just are. the only time it would be 17 rounds in a clip would be some crazy Mauser broom handle that I would totally buy if that existed.

[@urultimatemaster]

Bob Wright Not always. You can do that with like a stripper clip and speed loader, but if it’s something like a Garand you just stick the whole clip in there. No AK that I know of would shoot a 30 round clip, it’d shoot a 30 round magazine. And even if someone builds a clip fed AK, it’s absolutely unpractical. Not to be a dick to Kyle or anything, but clips and magazines are way different. And I agree w above, people in the gun community are p anal about this stuff. It’s not bad, but if you’re doing a science man video it’d be nice to hear the proper terminology. Plus he corrected it already so no biggie

[@papadaxtyl3307]

Keep up the good work Kyle youre killin it

[@becausescience]

Thank you! -- KH

[@CocktailsConsoles]

Is there a concern that the kinetic energy might also be stored as heat?

[@becausescience]

For this specific case we have to assume the Wakandan engineers thought of that -- KH

[@CocktailsConsoles]

Because Science Fair enough :) Thanks for the reply!

[@dorianeric]

If I am understanding this correctly the 'molecular springs' compress and store some potential energy, but that means that only the springs that moved can be expanded (in the the case of a bullet shoot the amount of springs that compressed is small (because of the bullets small area)) so if you want to push a car you would probably just dent it because of the huge pressure and the cars relatively weak tensile strength. But still an awesome video.

[@HakunaKun]

Hmm what it the Vibranium is a ferromagnetic material which is passed a current and an electromagnetic flow to tighten and give more strength to the links, theoretically would have an incredibly high hardness while the system is provided with energy through the kinect energy 🤔...

[@MrDougywougy]

We need a whole video on the mantis shrimp it's really under appreciated

[@GilesEternick]

Thank you. This is one of the most feasible videos you've done, in a while. It's exciting to think that something like T'Challa's suit is *actually* possible, in the near future!

[@MatterBeamTSF]

Read up on the incredible subject of Graphene Vibration Energy.

[@GilesEternick]

I've heard of it. Is that what Vibranium is based off of, do you think?

[@MatterBeamTSF]

Vibranium was given its fictional properties long before graphene was discovered... Comic book writers are very imaginative, but seldom seek to consult science.

[@colinredmann6986]

This video just made studying for my physics quiz tomorrow so much easier. I'm learning about kinetic energy and elastic potential energy LOL what perfect timing

[@Xenomorph121]

Could the suit be capable of withstanding a hit from someone like juggernaut? The amount of energy that he hits with is far greater than any bullet but the suit can absorb kinetic energy so is it possible?

[@riccardoconti6682]

Christian North I'm intrested too... 🤔

[@polyjohn3425]

Strictly speaking, he has infinite momentum but his kinetic energy would still just be a product of his mass and his speed. So if he ran into you, it would only impart enough energy to bring you up to his speed, and then you're at equilibrium with him, so he's not adding any more energy to you.

[@ricardomccurley4407]

First, You help make science exciting for my kids so well done. Second, BP's suit seems to also be able to transfer PE across the suit. Transfer loss to heat? Storage capacity?

[@Albert_Wesker_1969]

Nice video Kyle. Could a merging of Vibranium and Adamantium be possible and if so what would the result be?

[@jonathankehn9202]

It would be like gold plated silver. Since you have to keep adamantium (however you spell that) hot in liquid form. Don't think the individual molecules could combine to form a new substance.

[@jafnanmeinsamr611]

from memory caps shield is an alloy of the two

[@JoshB_TheTower]

Jafnan Meinsamr Depends on the variant of both vibranium. By what I can recall wolverines adamantium is from an attempt to recreate caps shield.

[@elisiumlol]

Adamantium is MADE of Vibranium

[@pharoahfinale1183]

Albert Wesker 1969 caps shield?

[@lovehawks2814]

I was secretly hoping the mantis shrimp would have been brought up in this video, but thought he would have made the comparison between the vibranium weave and the mantis shrimp's carapace formation. When you announced this video on the vlog, I actually thought that you were going to go the piezoelectric route. Let's first assume that vibranium's unique properties make it a perfect conductor of energy, and able to convert kinetic energy into electric potential with a physics unfriendly losslessness when in a mesh. Now, if alternating layers of vibranium mesh and a fabric mesh (say, kevlar for argument's sake) to act as a dielectric is how the suit is constructed, the two meshes would make Black Panther a large man shaped capacitor. Therefore, he could not only store and discharge the energy absorbed, but could also direct it within his suit to where it is needed as opposed to where the impact happened. A purely mechanical system, especially with interlocked microsprings could transfer the energy as well, but using an electromotive force made initial logical sense to me.

[@lasarith2]

Kyle look for a material called D3o it’s a plastic which absorbs impacts and spreads it across its volume-while not a metal it’s about as close to what I would call vibranium in the real world.

[@Zekken.00]

lasarith2 this could line black Panthers suit so he doesn't get crushed inside the suit when he releases the energy from the suit

[@lasarith2]

Stealth Spider aye I see it as a kind of piezoelectric to battery with it spreading the impact forces along itself like D3o.

[@Jaxom12340]

the armour could store the energy in a similar way to a crossbow, it hooks the two layers together with the spring pushing them apart, and the energy is released when the hooks are unhooked.

[@C30948]

Okay but if we’re working with momentum still would Newton’s law say if he released his/the energy on the car he would be flown back from the “blast” released?

[@joesutherland672]

The energy is released throughout the entire suit, that’s why there is a blast that goes around the entire thing.

[@moanguspickard249]

Question. If he absorbs energy but cant absorb momentum, he cant get bruised or hurt even tho he is pushed? How would it feel? Like a hit or push? And what about falling? Would he take fall damage? (Other than internal damage due to organ inertia) or would that be absorbed like how ironman absorbs hits (on previous episodes)

[@markbristow499]

Have you ever done a Thor cosplay ?

[@becausescience]

I haven't yet, but it's why my hair looks the way it does. I guess I only went halfway? -- KH

[@lunadiamoor29]

Because Science you have the hammer and costumes aren't that hard can you please for one thor episode dress up, please.

[@dyslegein]

Because Science what does kingdom helps have to do with this? Answer me kh!

[@BricknerVideo]

You'd still have to find a way to direct this potential energy in to a specific area so he could use it. I.E. allowing him to use a high powered punch after being shot in the torso. A very fun video and something I never really thought of.

[@intothemayhem_6769]

Which is stronger Kyle, Vibranium or Adamantium?

[@RedPeril265]

adamantium or true adamantium (what wolwerene skeleton is made out of) is stronger, unbrakable even however vibranium has been destroyed before, its hard but it can be done

[@anthonyroberts7486]

Boštjan Ferlež Actually depends on the specific vibranium. Black Panther claws for instance can cause all other metals to lose their molecular bonds and cut through them even adamantium. Look up Misty Knight she has an arm made out of it and can cause adamantium to melt just by holding it.

[@lil-dt5dw]

Anthony Roberts thats antarctic vibranium, Its different.

[@lil-dt5dw]

Anthony Roberts i know that good sir, i was merely pointing out exactly which type of vibranium it was. I apologise for any misconception of my intent.

[@elisiumlol]

One thing I had a problem with in the movie (spoiler warning): In Captain America, the First Avenger, Howard Stark says that vibranium is completely “Vibration resistant”, but near the end of the Black Panther, when he and Killmonger are in the sonic stabilizers, their suits go crazy and break apart. However, sound is just a vibration, so the vibranium shouldn’t have been affected.

[@meandtheweirdos]

Kyle. Buddy. i think you're talking about a pistol shrimp. It has a claw that closes so fast it creates a pocket of air underwater that creates light. About as hot as the surface of the sun (not sure about this but thats what i read years ago). Also, if your theory is correct the mere act of Black Panther jumping (or even just running) would store kinetic energy under the soles of his feet, which he can then use to jump very VERY large distances. Thats just RAD. Love your work hope i get featured on the vlog huehue. *uses stored KE under vibranium soles to launch self away*

[@markvos2692]

The mantis shrimp/peacock shrimp is not the same thing as a pistol shrimp, but the principle is the same in both animals. Both use specialized muscles to store potential energy and release it all at once to accelerate their claws/'hammers' quickly enough to create cavitation bubbles and totally wreck their prey. Also, adding to your jupming idea, every single movement he made would compress some part of his suit and store up potential energy simply by running/walking. Science is super cool!

[@meandtheweirdos]

Mark Vos huh, who knew shrimps are not only tasty, but super lit (haha get it cause friction caused by their claws create heat) Honestly this is the first time i found out that there are other shrimps that can do like the pistol shrimp. Good to know! Thanks man

[@Demothones]

My first thought about how Vibranium might work was that it was somehow transferring kinetic energy to an alternate dimension like gravity in string theory. This would seem to get around the conservation of energy problem because when he releases the force it is not coming from the suit itself but from this theoretical 5th dimension and the suit is merely the conduit between that dimension and our spacetime.

[@Vibranium_man]

Read the rise of the black panther vol 1 1. In it t'challa's mother says that the energy absorbed by Vibranium is stored in the subatomic bonds of the metal.

[@IamJakeToo]

Quick question. If Thor uses the momentum from his hammer to fly, wouldn't it rip his arms off??

[@ahmadaiman7171]

unless thor's a god

[@bossgaming1717]

Or an alien, who's biology is different from us mere humans?

[@jladelaney1978]

M.A.G.I.C. HAMMER!

[@IamJakeToo]

Michael Stokes Thor has his limits, too.

[@IamJakeToo]

John Delay It still has crazy momentum. Going 0 to Mach X instantaneously is an absurd amount of G-Forces. Going Mach X instantly is going to do some serious damage.

[@andressalgado1423]

With the spring theory, wouldn't there still have to be a locking mechanism to keep the tiny springs from expanding and releasing that elastic potential energy, would their be a material that could hold back the amount you stated?

[@vanshitshah876]

What will happen if juggernaut impacted with black panther with shit load of velocity??

[@TheTrueDeraj]

Well, Black Panther was on Death Battle recently, and they explained that Black Panther's suit DOES have an upper limit, at which point his suit pretty much explodes from around him. So if Juggernaut barreled down Black Panther, there would pretty much be a giant explosion, and the suit would be wrecked. And given the fact that it's the Juggernaut, I doubt the explosion would be enough to kill him. T'Challa has also demonstrated the ability to survive the explosion itself, so... He'd be down a suit, and pretty beat up as well.

[@MatterBeamTSF]

Momentum is conserved, so Black Panther would be punted out of the way like a football, but will be unharmed.

[@UberAffe1]

I thought juggernaut's deal was that his momentum can't be reduced(unless he wants to) so even though the velocity may be low the acceleration would be massive because it has to happen instantly. If there is an upper limit to the suit I imagine that might reach it. At that point it becomes similar to the iron man problem with massive g-forces.

[@Ondraeden]

I feel there is not only the issue of how does it retain the compression and how it can release on command but also how can the compression of a spring in his chest release an un compressed spring from his hand

[@77philesposito]

Those damn clips of ammo

[@Lambda_Ovine]

A couple of years ago I came out with a similar concept for a character, but instead of a suit it was the unique muscle cells that were able to compress to the molecular level and I even imagined the dude reduce in volume the more he was getting punched and storing potential energy.

[@docsideways201]

Magazine not clip. Thank you for the fantastic nerd knowledge!

[@89ludeawakening1]

Doc Sideways Haha yep... it drives me crazy hearing people say clip instead of magazine or mag.

[@docsideways201]

micah fuller it is like nails on a chalk board. It drives me mildly insane. Lol

[@89ludeawakening1]

Same here man, I definitely understand.

[@zackvale]

Love every damn episode of this show. Still boggles my mind I've watched them all!

[@Brutalmetal93]

Magazine not a clip

[@SentinelGhost]

My eye twitched every time.

[@SentinelGhost]

Brikthor No, clips hold cartridges together to be loaded into a magazine either intrigal or detachable. The magazine then contains said cartridges to be fed into the receiver of the firearm.

[@SentinelGhost]

Brikthor Sorry scooter. Calling a magazine a clip is the sign of the "newb" at the range.

[@karanmudaliar133]

this is the best video you have ever done

[@kirk_7632]

magazine*

[@kirk_7632]

Brikthor clips hold bullets together, magazines hold bullets in them, and usually have a spring to push the bullet up into the chamber. They are also removable and external.

[@psoma_brufd]

Kyle, in the Iron Man Armoured Adventures cartoon, T'chala is also seen wearing this armour, but the energy builds to a point where it would explode without Iron Man (a teenager in this)'s help.

[@zakkeith1508]

*mag not clip

[@ralphfranco9993]

The problem with comparing BP’s suit to springs is that it needs some way to distribute all the kinetic energy throughout the suit. Without a distribution system, the EPE would be released from the spot where the bullet hit. There is also the possibility that too many bullets might hit one spring and the spring would deform too much and lose its energy-storing capabilities.

[@Vempori]

Hey Kyle! Question : Could a lightsaber cut through the One Ring of Sauron? Thumbs up so he sees and answers it!

[@riccardoconti6682]

Dani Oort Interesting question, I think a Light Saber has good probabilities of cutting the One Ring, but let's leave It to Kyle 🙃

[@Jegekim]

Mixing magic and techno-magic will probably not give a satisfying answer.

[@MorbidEel]

There is no need to cut the ring when you can just cut off the finger wearing it. Also if a volcano is good enough to destroy it and a lightsaber is hotter than a volcano then why not?

[@herbderbler1585]

I doubt just any old volcano would do. Destroying the One Ring isn't simply a matter of getting the temperature high enough to melt it. Mt. Doom is where it was forged by Sauron's sorcery, so that is likely the only place said sorcery can be undone. Plot armor is as good an explanation as any for the magic behind the Ring's unnatural resilience, and that holds pretty well with typical fantasy logic. Light sabers would have no more effect on it than a headstrong dwarf with a hardened steel axe. We all know how that turned out.

[@rohanahlawat5809]

@@herbderbler1585 what if somebody forged a lightssber crystal in Mt Doom

[@NotBothered10]

This actually works out fairly well if you consider that all the energy released goes out in a sphere around black panther. If i havent done anything wrong, then after being hit with 30 ak-47 bullets, as said in the video, if he released that energy and you were standing 1.5 metres (about 5 feet) away from him, it would be like being punched by 15 people at once (except perfetly spread out across your body, rather than localised into fists). If you were 1m (3.2 feet) away it would be more like 33 punches, which would almost certainly knock you back off your feet. This isnt taking air into account though. in reality the blast would lose some energy compressing the air, im too lazy to work out how much, but i doubt its a huge amount.

[@vandy3427]

6:48 It's a magazine not a clip...

[@sckooshcahbloop]

Vandy 004 he is a science nerd, he obviously has never discharged any type of firearm so give him a break lol

[@vandy3427]

Alex Sckoosh No, no breaks are given.

[@vandy3427]

Brikthor STFU...

[@ParthSareen]

Watched the video when it came out. Watched black panther today. Your explanation and prediction was 100% accurate. Props to you brother

[@SkillLevel0]

This is BS *BECAUSE SCIENCE*

[@thedarkjw6219]

Hehe

[@nerdistb3achtwitch138]

The conversion rate probably wouldn't be perfect and maybe as efficient as 40 percent. Due to footage in the trailers there was about two mags of assault rifle ammo (couldn't tell what guns they were) used before tchalla expended that energy to perform that epic highway jump from car to car with that sonic blast.

[@stevesolo221]

Kyle...you called it a "clip" from an AK...c'mon man...its mag, or magazine...

[@herbderbler1585]

Apparently you have no problem with 9mm bullet receptacles being referred to as clips.

[@hellcat1988]

Does anyone else find it kind of amazing yet scary how often science fiction writers end up imagining what, at the time, seems fanciful; only to end up being found possible by science years or decades later?

[@noahprisco632]

Notification squad?

[@aaaaaaaa6685]

Noah Prisco same 😂

[@manniot]

The piezoelectric effect is the keyword it fits better, because it fits with the glowing effekt (as visual effekt) and is easier to release and stored via electricity. The piezoelectric effect is the electric response of certan solids to pressure.

[@Spare_Time_G]

Hey Kyle! Please take a look at my Black Panther statue from clay!!!

[@MatterBeamTSF]

Post a link!

[@robmartin525]

Wouldn't the spring release on an area that he is touching the car with (Eg his hand), also propel him backwards? Would the springs on his back catch him if this happened? Could he be the most efficient energy transfer node ever?

[@VelociraptorsOfSkyrim]

Rob Martin Remember, he's wearing layers of Vibranium. Layer 1 absorbs the energy, layer 2 reflects energy out towards the Car that would have hit BP.

[@jean-lucchessher7065]

It's not a clip it's a mag

[@jean-lucchessher7065]

Brikthor if it's removable it's a magazine you use a clip to lode a magazine

[@jean-lucchessher7065]

Brikthor true you can disconnect an internal magazine but the gun would be non functional then

[@jean-lucchessher7065]

Brikthor that's confused me mate

[@coercriseareach3153]

Kyle, I have a slight problem with this. The springs would absorb in the location of the impact. That compression would have to be transferred to a different location on the suit to allow for the release of that compression for practical attack purposes. For example if he is hit in the chest with weapon fire he would have to chest bump someone to release the compression rather than punch them. There would have to be some mechanism to allow the transfer of that compression power to a different location to allow for the more functional release of the stored energy. I can't see Black Panther running around trying to bump someone in the right location to allow for the release of that energy. Also there would need to be a way to safely discharge that stored energy. Could you imagine throwing your Black Panther suit in the dryer and accidentally releasing 40 minutes of stored tumble dry energy on yourself while putting it away or on for that matter? Not to mention God help you if you had a blow out on a seam or something.