How Do Hall Effect Sensors Work? - The Learning Circuit

At an atomic level, electromagnetic fields are what makes electricity work. In a previous video, Electricity and Magnetism, Karen talks about how they work together in electronics. In this video, Karen introduces a sensor that is triggered by magnetic fields, the hall effect sensor. While Karen has used reed switches, an electromechanical magnetic switch, in an escape room puzzle in a previous video, here she shows how hall effect sensors use magnetic fields as either digital (on/off) or analog (linear) switches that are purely electrical with no moving parts. This video continues the exploration of electricity and magnetism also covered in Intro to DC Motors and Intro to Speakers & Microphones: bit.ly/3fZLFT5
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[@jong2359]

Good god this was a fantastic explanation of how a Hall Effect sensor works.

[@alchemy1]

Then you would have no trouble answering the questions in my comment. Of course not. After all it is fantastic explanation.

[@davejellison8296]

That it is, any explanation sometimes literally has to be drawn out and walked through as simply as possible is not some guy explaining something that he already understands that is only visualized in his own mind

[@danielv3228]

I like your component level videos. The visuals make it much easier to understand. Please consider doing one on antennas and how sidebands work.

[@fododude]

I just wanted to learn about Hall-effect switches and now I think I'm getting a crush.

[@Bari_Khan_CEng_CMarEng]

For sure bud, tell me about it!

[@kylesmithiii6150]

This is a nice presentation, thank you! A hall effect semiconductor was used in many high-end cassette tape decks to add auto-stop function when the tape counter wheel stops spinning -- to protect the mechanism and the tape. Simple, cost-effective and very efficient.

[@gabrielzaccaro]

I was searching on this topic for 2 hours, and I just understand how it works after seeing this video. Thank you

[@MrCardeso]

Very informative. Thanks, Karen!

[@markp8295]

Wonderfully clear video with the ideal level of detail for someone coming from A-Level Physics. Thank you.

[@alchemy1]

I don't think so. You think it so wonderfully clear? Then you can answer the questions in my comment.

[@markp8295]

@@alchemy1 Was that a retorical reply? For someone who I think wants an answer, you sure do expect people to do a lot of work for you. Your "comment" is buried somewhere and I'm not looking for it. But if you pose it below, I'll have a crack at answering it in a pleasant and chunked manner.

[@alchemy1]

@@markp8295 Have you ever in your life held a hall effect sensor in your hand and then used it? If you say yes, tell me in words how and what did you do with it to make something work? I will know immediately if you have or not. Think now.

[@markp8295]

@@alchemy1 You are an arrogant piece of work aren't you. Anyway. In response, yes, but kinda no. The sensors I've used are tiny. The one I use most often, is the one in my smart phone as a compass and to detect live wires in my walls. (The Phyphox app is what I used instead of a "metal detector" app, as it gives raw data.). My only time really working with them is for designing a unit on a weed spray train. We mounted a tractor based weed spray module to the underside of an MPV to spot treat the 4 foot instead of blanket spray. Massive herbicide savings and at £50 a litre and up to 200 litres used in a shift (all nozzles including radiarcs), the 95%ish reduction in the four foot gave a massive contract tendoring advantage. However the tractor based system that we modified relied on GPS for speed sensing and trains travel a lot in "Urban canyons" (No GPS signal). So using a combination of accelerometers and hall sensors on a board we bought premade, we got it to take over the work when the number of detected satellites dropped below 4. The 3 axis accelerometer being a point in space couldn't tell orientation, the hall sensor did that using the Earth's magnetic field. The hard part was getting it to zero inside a train cab which is mostly ferrous and still provide reliable data. On the roof didn't work as overhead line equipment messed with it. Drivers cab was most consistent and allowed the operator to push a recalibrate switch if required. (When stationary.). Raw data taken 50 times a second (low rate because spraying was only done at low speeds.). Averaged every 5 readings with anomalies ignored, combined with the accelerometer data by plotting a point in space and then looking at the distance travelled in each axis with rotation of vector axis based on hall sensor data, and then that was used to estimate the speed. It was good for about 2 minutes before the errors stacked. But by that time, hopefully the GPS data had returned. If not, blanket spraying could be used.

[@alchemy1]

@@markp8295, I should remind you, you started out wrong. Made up a statement to make sure it shows how you make things up. And it looks like this and I quote: "Your "comment" is buried somewhere and I'm not looking for it". Comments are in the order as they are left. This means my comment is right below. It is nowhere burried. Notice the term "Blue ocean 2 days ago".... ============================================ Then you talked about everything except the Hall sensor. Aside from Yes and No bit... very interesting. Therefore what I am about to ask is way more than you bargained for. It is because you know nothing about this Hall sensor mumbo jumbo hollywood style. If hall sensor has this ouput pin.... what is output? It is just a word. Is it positive or negative? How much voltage? Whatever voltage it is, does it show in the presence of magnet? Think again. I know you have no idea. That is my point. ========================================== Hey about having had that little thing in your hand once, why you didn't find out if it was true? If it actually does act like what it says in this video and the other ones as they all preach the same thing. ============================================= I am not arrogant. I am real and real is ovewhelming and it is percieved as arrogant. ============================== Now this one then is way over your head. Why is the output of these sensors are accomodated with a pull up resistor to the positive rail aside from triggering the base of a transistor. And the magnet passes by the Hall does exactly what to its ouput? Oh jee.

[@kiddfpv]

Thanks for this!! Ive seen other videos but they didnt do a good job of actually explaining how the sensor works, this one did perfectly 😊

[@BenjaminNelsonX]

As always, a great host and fantastic content!

[@markkromer1238]

My motorcycle has a Hall sensor. Thank you for the wonderful video to explain why there is one on my motorcycle.

[@chrisray1567]

Really well done video. I didn’t realize that most Hall effect sensors are not sensitive to both poles of a magnet.

[@alchemy1]

Then you can answer the questions in my comment, no problem.

[@BallyBoy95]

Note to self: 6:30 mark - shows hall effect sensor's position relative to a wheel.

[@emailuser3869]

Thank you Ms. Karen. Good video.

[@suriyasripan3820]

So cleared, thanks.

[@columbioaudioskrishnamoort649]

Super explain thank you

[@objection_your_honor]

I started watching in half speed by mistake, but found it hilarious!

[@jerril42]

She sounds drunk.

[@maker_karen1785]

@@jerril42 omg that's hilarious. I've never watched a YT video at half speed before.

[@brianmicky7596]

Hi I use one on my railway to control some lights, one turn green the other red , All the Best Brian 🤗

[@bluesapphire7548]

That was lucid and well covered. Thank you )

[@ranaamer1072]

Well done dear ,your lecture full of knowledge .i am so happy to learn. Thanks so much

[@mryoung8586]

Thank you so much!

[@davido.hamilton3254]

Fabulous video Karen! Bless Your Bunions!

[@samithetechsavvy6485]

Amazing course , thanks a lot

[@johngormley2192]

Thank you for the explanation.

[@pabloruiz8253]

Thankyou very much! It was very informative and entertaining!

[@sinojcs3043]

Very nice presentation. Thank u👍

[@dennismiller9681]

Pretty good video. As an electronic engineer I would want to nit pick a few things. I'll give just one example -- at around 6:05 the Doppler effect is not really a good analogy. The signal gets stronger or weaker based on the distance between magnet and sensor just like the volume of the train whistle is weak when it is farther away and loudest as it passes in front of you. But that's the "inverse square law" and really has nothing to do with the Doppler effect, which is about the apparent shift in frequency of the sound (or light) when there is motion between the source and observer. Like I said, nit picking by an engineer. So ignoring the nits, pretty good video.

[@davidm3210]

Good stuff!

[@ph11p3540]

I first learned the importance and advantages if Hall Effect sensors when I purchased my Saitek X55 hands on throttle and stick set.

[@jong2359]

Are you sure Saitek X55 uses hall effect sensors? I thought deadzones in the pots absolutely plagued that series of controller.

[@aliagree8448]

Thanq u so much lady karen

[@sshanto17]

Great content and flow! Good job 😃

[@johnross3752]

I'm running stepper motors that run on pulses . Can a Closed loop hall effect current sensor be used to count pulse steps fo the motor ? And act like an Encoder?

[@geoffwade8144]

This is a good explanation, thank you.

[@carlsisk396]

this was excellent thank you

[@YogiTuitionCenter]

very effective video keep it up. From India

[@MarioDallaRiva]

You rock, Karen thank you!

[@JohnDuthie]

This was a great video and very fun

[@nickayivor8432]

SUBSTANTIAL Tutorial great thank you 👏 👌 👍 From Nick Ayivor from London England UK 🇬🇧

[@jumadhaheri]

Thank you, great video

[@philiptuffs-wh7jp]

Hi could you tell me what the best type of hall sensor and magnet pole setup would work best on a pedal assist setup . I am converting a e bike motor and want a internal pedal assist . Due to the size of the internal case i have machined a plastic rota 47mm dia with holes for magnets . I have tested it with mixed results . I need the hall output to go to max voltage to min to trigger controller .help

[@kuolettavaVids]

What are some of the downsides of using Hall Effect sensors?

[@MarkTillotson]

Whoops! 0:46 - Magnetic field due to moving charges doesn't require the charges to have their own magnetic field/spin.

[@sapiosuicide1552]

Nice

[@jamescullins2709]

Good job, how repeatable is the output. If I used a comparator and move a magnet near and away, with it trigger at the same distance each time? thank you.

[@ClashwithKaran88]

Thank u

[@atomicdmt8763]

thanks! this helped me with an automotive project............thanks! i recently put in a NEW (but bad) CKP sensor and its apparently shorted internally- screwing up my fuel level gauge, ignition coil/ignitor(?) and setting off a host of other selonoids- et al! I cleaned all grounds, rebuilt my fuse box, new ECU, cleaned everything........no changes UNTIL i just now decided to swap back in the old CKP sensor. All the electrical clicking, etc went away immediately and Im not going thru the KEY RELEARN process for the new ECU

[@atomicdmt8763]

crankshaft position sensor

[@hardboiledfrog]

I'm here for automotive as well! :D

[@rajeevsa7017]

Thanks for the video. We have got a customer claim where hall sensor used in BLDC motor has failed. Output is shorted to Gnd. Can you please explain, how can this happen...

[@DAVIDGREGORYKERR]

I have a tape deck that has nine hull effect sensors stacked together on one tape head to read the nine tracks of Video grade tape to be decompressed from PASC to 2x 16bit digital audio channels there is also a nine track write head but unfortunately the unit needs recapping because it won't work otherwise.

[@joecitizen6755]

Can a hall effect be set up to activate when the lack of metal is sensed? Maybe with a normally closed circuit? Thank you.

[@darshpatel4343]

Hello Mam, this video is very informative. With regards to the working of Hall Effect Sensor, I have a question. Can you give some insights as to what type of ferromagnetic materials are used in manufacturing magnets that are used in the Hall Sensors being used in throttle handlebars of two wheelers?

[@KJ7JHN]

Hi Karen! Do you have a link to the project using the Hall effect sensors? I'd like to see how you implement them. Thanks!

[@AllForTheGame]

is there a normally on hall effect but turns off when magnetic field is sensed?

[@Knowledg_Associate333]

Hiii,, Wonderful 👍

[@tomstdenis]

Nice video! I just assumed they were magic :-)

[@Bendigo1]

Many things we use today would have been considered magic 100 years ago. So in a way you are right

[@castorpollux7012]

some ppl actually prefer this over the alps joystick, how accurate is this compared to alps? is there a difference in power draw over the alps? does this draw more power? how reliable is this if let's say it drop a few meters above ground? would that affect the accuracy of the joystick in the long run? does it degrades over time?

[@moStallion]

I'm here because of the CSL elite V2 pedals By Fanatec

[@arnelcondino2634]

Hi Karen

[@henriknyholm1413]

Thank you for a pedagogical lesson on the Hall effect. Now I hope somebody can help me on a practical problem I have. I have a sensor for a motorcycle ABS system with two wires (blue and white). I assume it is a Hall sensor, since I can measure no voltage or resistance between the wires when rotating the wheel ABS ring. How do I detect which wire is the Hall signal wire (AC) and which is the supplying wire for 12V (DC)?

[@randyscorner9434]

It is likely that your sensor is a magneto-resistive sensor, not a hall effect sensor. In the MR sensor, the resistance of the sensor changes with different magnetic field applied, which could be induced by the tone wheel (or disc) on the ABS system. I found this helpful: autofella.com/how-does-abs-sensor-work/

[@pawes7418]

And think about hall efect analogs in controllers. No more drift issue. Btw. Sega Dreamcast controller have hall effect analog stick and triggers :D

[@jong2359]

I have an older Thrustmaster 16k that uses hall effect sensors. FAR superior in every way to the more popular and expensive Potentiometer driven HOTAS setups they sell these days. Having no physical connection means it will keep on working until the silicon degrades in 20...30 years or more.

[@pawes7418]

@@jong2359 They don't want to use it because of money. I wish that in future We see a controllers with hall effect sensors.

[@jacobclark89]

Can anyone tell me if the hall sensor will function normal if greese is in-between the air gap between magnet and sensor ?

[@1.4142]

You can make a magnetically levitating thing with this.

[@driss25]

Thank you effect hall a3144

[@amalrajk1471]

How does the hall effect sensor work inside a flow sensor?

[@christianeriksson4733]

Usually a turbine is placed in the flow and inside the pipe/tube with its rotational axis parallell to the flow lines of the fluid. The turbine is free to rotate but constricted along the flow. One or more magnets are fixed along the perimeter of the turbine which at each revolution triggers a Hall effect sensor sitting just outside the wall of the pipe/tube. The speed of the turbine, and further the number of magnet passes per time would indicate the flow. A downside to this design would be that the turbine itself affects the flow by increasing the resistance as well as increasing the probability of turning the flow from laminar to turbulent. You would also have to consider the slipping, or the fluid that passes without adding speed to the turbine, of the turbine as well.

[@godsownlunatics9650]

Hi, do you have any videos about how to create an RPM detector, magnetic field detector, and energy transfer ratio? I am small-minded learning new tricks of the trade. I had an idea. transfer cold storage energy to hot usage energy. I do not know the technical names of the hardware I am monkeying with but trying to eventually wifi electrical power. Think Nicola Tesla was doing something similar except my prototype was functioning is the coolest thing I have ever Ooops made. perpetual motion or as close to it as I could get. Have a short video. what I need to be able to do, is transfer power from the lower plate to the upper plate without using wires as the upper plate rotates eventually 30000RPM. I've walked into something with this invention. scares the hell outta mankind cause it works

[@mdrafiqul3358]

😀😀😀

[@elzeeky1]

not very robust trying to test a hall effect sensor on a e bike throttle the sensor just falls apart

[@alfredkaserekasivanzire9488]

CH3144

[@arcadesunday4592]

.. Now, lets see if we can make a video game controller with this... Oh. It's already been done...

[@zdenkokovac4557]

🤗💞💞🕊

[@donotfret]

I need a wife as pretty and smart as this.

[@marianl8718]

Impossible to find. And she only seems to be like that !

[@omid7348]

Hi I ordered a hall sensor for the hub motor from China. I messaged the seller to tell me the color of the wires so that I can solder them to the pc board, but the seller has not responded yet. There are three sensors labeled 451H-742 Please tell me what color wire to solder to these abbreviations on hall pcb? 👇 G R1 R4 R5 R2 R3 V My hall sensor wires controller are , red, yellow, black, green, blue and white. Thanks