How On Load Tap Changer Works

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This video explains how an On Load Tap Changer (OLTC) works. On Load Tap Changers are used in liquid immersed electrical transformers in the power engineering industry. The purpose of the tap changer is to regulate the number of secondary windings within the circuit. By changing the amount of conductor (windings) within the changing magnetic field, the induced voltage output can be regulated.
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▶️Transformers with more windings on the secondary side compared to the primary side will increase the voltage output (step-up transformer), whilst the opposite occurs when there are less windings on the secondary side (step-down transformer).
There are two main designs of tap changer, resistive and reactive. The OLTC (sometimes called LTC) is designed to open and close the electrical circuit whilst the circuit is live. As the circuit is live during tap changer operation, resultant electrical arcs occur across the contacts. Tap changer maintenance intervals are usually dictated by the number of taps (number of open and close operations), or, by the period of time in operation e.g. 12 months.
Tap changers are usually placed in a separate tank to the main transformer, or, within their own compartment neighbouring or within the main transformer tank. The most common tap changer insulating medium is mineral oil.
The terms ‘turn ratio’ and ‘voltage ratio’ are mentioned during this video.
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[@savree-3d]

Want to continue learning about engineering with videos like this one? Then visit: courses.savree.com/ Want to teach/instruct with the 3D models shown in this video? Then visit: savree.com/en

[@that90sguy77]

Thank you

[@georgehumphrey7178]

This is more "what a tap changer does", but well put together video 👍

[@5millman]

0.58 to 1.12 - the tap changer usually regulates the number of primary turns on the transformer to ensure a stable output on the secondary side. KB

[@lotsofcases6522]

Depends on the voltage and winding configuration because OLTCs are voltage limited.

[@wageryale]

Yes,usually it is at primary side.to ensure small current.

[@kanagarajg6822]

What if it is a step up transformer???

[@andrewgrant1030]

The OLTC is normally on the primary (HV) winding becuase the current is lower.

[@klam77]

Fascinating. Very well explained.

[@rtdlaboratories]

Nice explanation, I was kinda expecting to see how the actual switching operation works tho.

[@wakelyy332]

Awesome explanation. We have just had a tap changer fail In a 375,000v generator transformer. Has done alot of damage.

[@mousaalmanasif8872]

Nice video. The voltages on the secondary of Transformers are fixed to one voltage and not regulating. On The other hand the voltages on the primary is not fixed due to looses on a transmission line or there is a voltage drop or over voltage from the source or what ever reason so here the OLTC will cut or add primary windings to compensate for the voltage to be fixed on the secondary.

[@tiaansea3319]

Thank you!

[@ohgoditsjames94]

I have never seen an OLTC on the secondary side over here in England, I guess this is a practice in the US?

[@fosarvian]

great video. Watch at 1.5 playback speed.

[@eng.omareyadaljorani9954]

Excuse me Sir, can we install reverse type (w) instead of Coarse type (G) in power transformer? With my best regards

[@kylelee787]

Thanks so much for great lesson

[@Foreveradeel]

Oltc centering to MDU plz

[@alexstevensen4292]

It only has a few percent of range I suppose?

[@fabulousmehandiandart6152]

👍👍👍

[@gopajirambhupal6506]

How to change tap position

[@mrmalone28]

You can manually change taps but only when the transformer is not under load.