How to Crash SM64 Using a Pendulum (Commentated)

I explain how to crash Super Mario 64 using a pendulum.
Thanks to the following people for making this possible:
➤ rcombs, for console-verifying the TAS ( / rcombs )
➤ Sjmhrp, for inspiring this endeavor ( / @sjmhrp7583 )
➤ nim, for being my consultant on floats and N64 hardware ( / @nim64 )
➤ kaze, for making the slinky visual ( / @kazen64 )
➤ CadBrad, for cleaning up the audio ( / cadbrad )
Timestamps:
0:00:00 Background
0:01:32 TTC Settings
0:02:56 Pendulum Variables
0:10:41 Pendulum Code
0:12:31 Variable Types
0:14:57 Floats
0:20:18 Converting a Float to a Signed Integer
0:21:50 Creating and Running the TAS
0:22:47 Corners
0:24:25 RNG
0:30:15 Brute Forcer
0:31:20 The Mini Pendulum
0:32:56 Phase 1
0:38:28 Phase 2
0:42:51 Fixing the Sleep Problem
0:44:17 Watching One Complete Swing
0:45:24 Phase 3: Intro
0:47:00 Float Rounding
0:51:44 The Modulo Operator
0:54:08 Phase 3: Rounding Explained
1:05:49 Phase 3: Pendulum Behavior
1:07:23 Will It Crash?
1:08:50 Stats
1:10:56 Ending
If you like my content and want to support me, please consider becoming a member of my channel.

[@Narokkurai]

brb gonna prank my dad by standing in a corner and scuffing my shoe at incredibly precise intervals for 39 days straight until the universe collapses.

[@zachstarattack7320]

best coomemt

[@erner_wisal]

How is it going

[@Narokkurai]

@@erner_wisal Bad. I got distracted for 30 seconds and fell asleep. I'm so pissed at my dad. He won't let me go to the Scuttlebug Jamboree!

[@bonniethehedgefox9139]

​@@Narokkurai You should of crouched!

[@theoppedrubberduck2287]

Good luck getting the kazoo ending

[@InfernoPlus]

This is secretly a CS lecture disguised as a Mario 64 video.

[@sebastiann.8088]

Omg Inferno I love you!

[@ChrlAltDlt]

But it's neat

[@Dong_Harvey]

Yeah, I never had a CS teacher explain what "Float" actually meant, they just skimmed it as being the decimal values instead of integers

[@softpaw6234]

Isn't that this whole channel tho?

[@justanobody0]

how dare pannenkoek2012 trick us into learning

[@kylehill]

This does something for me that nothing else does

[@mes0gots0its]

Same can be said for your vids :)

[@LavaCreeperPeople]

liked your superhero ability vids

[@LavaCreeperPeople]

100th like

[@Goda_Plays]

It's nice having him use commentary again finally huh?

[@js12352]

There's something fascinating seeing a nerd true instinct autism kicking in full gear

[@HopUpOutDaBed]

I always wondered why my game always seemed to crash when I played for 39 1/2 days straight making dust clouds as a kid. Glad you finally solved the mystery.

[@justanobody0]

I can only imagine how your chlidhood was ruined by this massive oversight by Nintendo 39 1/2 days of dust making bliss, and then pure misery

[@bensoncheung2801]

144p thumbs

[@usernametaken017]

​@@justanobody0 Me Soying | Me Reaping

[@frostbite8967]

The pendulum going nuts didn’t clue you in?

[@floppa_gamer1111]

@@frostbite8967 r/woosh

[@BanzaiChuck]

Born too late to explore the Earth, born too early to explore the universe, born just right to wait 39 days for a pendulum to crash Super Mario 64.

[@Zorro7269]

But, if you were in an Interstellar Buuuuuuuurst, you’ll say, I’m back to save the uuuuuuniverse.

[@lajeandom]

for real, this guy could probably cure cancer if he wanted to. This is all as fascinating as it is useless haha.

[@martykahuna]

Been waiting 7+ years

[@Erhannis]

I realize I'm ignoring the joke, but...this is likely the most interesting time to be alive. You get to see the evolution of the internet! Quantum computing! The rise of AI! 3d printing! VR! And so forth! Congrats, you're lucky! Go do something with it!

[@uchuuseijin]

​@@lajeandomis it useless? I willingly watched an explanation of several basic coding principles and the mod function

[@TimTom]

Babe wake up! Pannenkoek just uploaded an hour long video about floating point precision!

[@kelfo4997]

It’s Timtom

[@Dericwadleigh]

I'M FUCKIN JACKED. WANTED NEW PNK CONTENT SINCE A BUTTON CHALLENGE!

[@GamingWithNoahYT]

Did not expect to see you here.

[@JoBot__]

Looks like we've got more in common than I initially thought. 🤔

[@abcdefzhij]

Bontigula!!!

[@snekdrek]

Time is a valuable thing Watch it fly by as the pendulum swings

[@justanobody0]

In the music video Mike Shinoda is standing in a desert, he's obviously there to make dust to manipulate pendulum rng

[@RiP._.Legends]

@@justanobody0 Just off screen there is an SM64 Pendulum going crazy

[@milesfarber]

I CRIED SO HARD FOR GAMES AT LAUNCH BUT IN THE END PS5 HAS NO GAMES

[@witherede]

Thats crazy i was listening to this song and then saw this comment 😂😂😂😂

[@Zambezii]

i wish he would stop saying pendulum cuz i keep thinking of this song it really ruins the experience

[@thesamesunrise5297]

who up manipulating they pendulums

[@Roro_2338]

she fast swing on my angular acceleration until i float

[@furballisticfinn6881]

she making dust on my pendulum until i crash

[@kinkykinkles]

omg mee

[@TylerTMG]

nope not fixing that XD it's to dumb to fix

[@Roebey]

You know, for as smart of a person pannen is, it should not be understated how effective of a communicator he is. I'd argue the skill he has for explaining these dense and complex topics to such a wide audience is just as important as the discoveries behind the topics he talks about. Magnificent work, pannen.

[@Cyrllo]

Absolutely. It takes a special kind of communicator to make this kind of unbelievably complex topic even some what digestible for the layman, such as myself

[@UltraAryan10]

He's the right kind of genius. The genius that can also explain everything to someone else, its an incredible talent.

[@supersnizelz]

It was really incredible and fun

[@EvdogMusic]

He could definitely be an I.T. Teacher

[@delta3244]

He includes the right details, excludes the right details, creates effective (and appealing, as a bonus!) visuals for everything, builds on what he teaches well (the way he cascaded graph representation into more compact representation was masterful), is animated in his speech, speaks clearly at a good pace, uses good metaphors where they may be helpful, doesn't exclude details that he hasn't explained yet (no "exercises for the reader" on sight), and to top it all off, summarizes everything neatly with appropriate reference to what was just taught while introducing just enough extra information (and some levity) to keep it interesting (where said information is relevant and feels appropriate as part of the summary). Yeah, it's safe to say he's good at this.

[@slidsilver4461]

Nothing quite like tricking people into listening to an extensive math lesson by wrapping it in the garb of a batshit insane speedrunning video. :D

[@mathphysicsnerd]

Who said he's tricking? I'm listening *_for_* the arithmetic number theory, not the Bing Bing Wahoo

[@meowthematics2834]

@@mathphysicsnerd I'm listening for the Bing Bing Wahoo man and incidentally learning about math

[@PROPLAYEN]

​@@mathphysicsnerd I'm listening to yahahahahhooo man and watching the funny visuals

[@TechSY730]

Sadly for those of us wanting Wahoo, the Wahoo man, as an explicit goal, is doing very little this video. Just that the "doing little" is timed very, very precisely. This is a video to let the pendulum (and floating point types) some time to shine

[@DecayedPony]

I'm listening because i'm bored and youtube likes to suggest me extremely random stuff

[@SleazyShell]

I've been working as a programmer for 10 years, and this video is how I finally learned how a float works.

[@bobson_dugnutt]

Smartest javascript dev

[@thomasslone1964]

you must not be much of a programmer, scripting is coding, programming is coding but for hardware

[@Immadeus]

strongest Python coder vs weakest C++ Computer Scientist

[@rm_steele]

everyone here is making fun of you but for pretty much any high level use, you only really need to know that floats store numbers with decimal components, and that they can't be relied on for perfect accuracy or some math

[@dylangergutierrez]

I've been working as a gynecologist for 10 years, and this is is how I finally learned how a fallopian tube works

[@user-fp2lt7qg9s]

when you've been a fannenkoek for 5 years so you can't decide whether to skip all the stuff you already know or listen to the explanation again cause it's so good

[@joey-pace]

When Pannen uploads a new viddy, we watch every single second! Maybe multiple times in a row!

[@shyguy85]

fannenkoek is such a great term

[@TJ-Henry-Yoshi]

Incredibly interesting video. Hard to believe 7 years ago all this was way too much for me to comprehend and nowadays, I can follow every bit of it thanks in part to my last several years of computer science studying. As a side note, I found the meme at 28:26 especially funny because I KNOW pannen just threw that in there as a sign of having fun with this video and that's a very enjoyable thought. Even if it represents a tiny portion of editing this massive project

[@50sts]

Did the first video inspire you to study computer science?

[@TJ-Henry-Yoshi]

@@50sts I've always had an interest in computers and the first video if nothing else fed that interest, tho i think the interest was more deeply rooted than that

[@connordelaney6254]

It's the guy

[@hugoland9027]

cs majors after getting assigned there 50th java assignment and contemplating suicide every night "it pays well"

[@G-Force7]

tj yoshi when commenters mention how "awfully quiet he's been":

[@Kosmicd12]

Really impressive work! Conceptually, and presentation-ally

[@RepressedButton]

Agreed, I like how pannen always explains things so I at least know a little bit of what is happening

[@LavaCreeperPeople]

OK

[@skmgeek]

​@@LavaCreeperPeopleok

[@theSato]

Kosmic seal of approval!

[@zahrannahyan9666]

kosmic -> cosmic -> causemic -> causemice -> causedmike -> characterminute -> chilledmunati -> chillimunati -> illuminati that means kosmic is working with the illuminati and totally not because this is just random assortment of connections that i made up!!!!!

[@TheGrimSmile]

I love Pannen's sense of humor, it's so analytical and reserved, and it's even funnier to hear him say "I'm real sassy". Also, this is the first time I've ever really understood floats and float precision errors. I knew floats had limited precision, but never knew how they still managed to represent more precise values than integers AND with a greater range without taking up huge chunks of memory. It's honestly so smart to presume that more precision is needed close to zero, and larger gaps in precision are less likely to be important when you're already working with numbers so large. And yet, here we have a perfect case of needing to account for accumulated errors.

[@Bismuth9]

Congratulations on seeing this massive project through! Trust me, I know better than anyone how much work it represents.

[@jphataraki6764]

You should take English lessons

[@squishypeanut42]

@idkwhat_smo alt also mentioning the most recent a press and the potential a press in pss

[@genderender]

@@squishypeanut42 who found the tech in pss? i missed this

[@SuperViperT302]

PSS is basically dead at this point

[@squishypeanut42]

@@genderender it's from "Hello, my name is nim" on youtub3

[@Skurry]

The real question is how many days did it take to animate all these graphs, fantastic work.

[@connorgibes709]

A little over a year. I'm glad he took his time

[@gevurah6]

yooo skurry hollow knight has great taste !!

[@_Tipi]

Hey skumbo, will smith here from team cherry

[@duncanurquhart5278]

hi skirby!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

[@hallrules]

ok furry

[@Huggbees]

You are the smartest man on this website, and I mean that sincerely.

[@Zawmbbeh]

pannenkoek and Retro Game Mechanics Explained are, though difficult to comprehend, some of the most intriguing videos on the functions of a game I’ve ever seen. as someone who used to watch Pokémon glitch videos in like 2012 it’s so great to see this odd niche is not dead

[@PickledPear]

Even though it is difficult to comprehend, its always so enthralling, feels like watching a magician teaching you how to do a trick, one thats most probably out of reach to your capabilities but man, i still need to know

[@tico.amar0]

Huggbees im ur subscriber s2

[@ChrlAltDlt]

Well well well, mr. Hugbees. Never thought to run into you here.

[@Catocatlover]

ITS HIM

[@Everybodydancenowuhu]

I just love that you prove over and over again that there's no subject complex enough to not be easily understood as long as there's enough effort on the teacher's part of creating graphs, diagrams, color schemes etc

[@ChrisStoneinator]

This really really really really isn’t complex. He’s just made it sound complex by over explaining arithmetic.

[@serialartistry]

@@ChrisStoneinatorpan rn is literally explaining concepts from calculus. not hard for me either but you gotta remember that not everybody understands math that intuitively

[@ChrisStoneinator]

@@serialartistry Oh for sure, but one hour and eleven minutes?

[@drewbabe]

@@ChrisStoneinator there were people who were still confused about some things after watch for rolling rocks in 0.5x so yeah i think this level of detail is needed

[@citrusella-nomorecraptions]

@@serialartistry Anyone *could* understand a rather complex concept given enough interest, time, and accessible material (accessible here meant in a "set up where they can receive the content and potentially understand it" meaning, like a "this is set up to be understood" rather than a "this is available and can be found"). But for a lot of people the interest wanes with increasing time it takes to understand (so people for whom a particular subject is harder or for whom learning overall takes longer are more likely to give up sooner because the reward of learning a concept takes longer to reach). Accessible, engaging material can keep that interest up, but staying interested takes careful management. I suppose you could say making a complex concept like this interesting and accessible to the largest amount of people is sort of like kicking up dust clouds to manipulate a pendulum to always move further and further forward until it reaches the hard limit of its own reality. XP

[@AppleIPie]

I like how he doesn't take for granted that people know math shit, for the most part. If Pannen was my math teacher I would have passed math.

[@frankonaig7278]

Same lmao. Left math for my uni but I understand most of the stuff he says

[@musicfromtheinternet]

if he was a math teacher he would probably include mario 64 in his lessons

[@AppleIPie]

@@musicfromtheinternet better than "Janet has 7 apples" stuff or worse, pure math. This equation results in a squiggly line? Ok? Why should I care or remember this? This equation results in a squiggly line that dictates the accumulating speed of a Mario doing a BLJ? Sweet! Numbers have meaning!

[@musicfromtheinternet]

@@AppleIPie oh yeah absolutely hed be the best math teacher

[@hanthonyc]

I've never passed a class on high school calculus or physics (or even algebra II...) because it doesn't click in my brain. Putting it in the visual context of SM64, and with all these really great graphs and visuals, I suddenly understand what I've struggled with for YEARS AND YEARS. Crazy.

[@bluerie._.3021]

You know stuff is serious when an hour+ video starts off with “I’ll explain how this works in a future video”

[@mauer1]

that part is now in the invisible wall video

[@soulofresolve9514]

“…And it basically involves making dust on certain frames to manipulate RNG.” As someone who’s just now getting interested in the SM64 speedrunning community, this absolutely sent me.

[@SianaGearz]

TAS and speedrunning aren't the same... i don't think you need to worry about doing this yet?

[@TheAdvertisement]

@@SianaGearz I think you missed the point

[@alwayshere6956]

​@@SianaGearzthe hubris present here is blinding

[@twl148]

@@alwayshere6956 none of this video is speedrunning and you will never need to know any of this to get a faster time

[@TheAdvertisement]

@@twl148 Again, very much so missed the point.

[@JarrahTarrah]

A new in-depth commentated Pannenkoek vid after all this time, and almost three times the length of the last one... genuinely, what an absolute treat!

[@tomepsilon]

Is that a JerryTerry in the wild?!? I LOVE your ice cream brand that you made with Ben!

[@nikolozgilles]

all the og youtubers are coming back, first sam o nella academy and now pannenkoek2012

[@aoba13]

A fact that bears repeating: it was New Year's Eve 2021->22, this video was one and a quarter year in the making, to add to the 39 days of swingmania. Absolutely insane dedication.

[@CadBrad]

Looks like Pannenkino's back on the menu, boys!

[@ShyGuy.]

​@@SiestaYonJyuGo He doesn't commentate on his alt though.

[@SMEARGLEX75]

😮

[@npenplz]

hello cadbrad!!

[@TheRealMagicMan]

ayy

[@monadolifesaver5613]

Right after I looked him up for the first time in years.

[@stevekrief7517]

At 0:15 he said he would explain how the trick worked in a future video... And he did... As a 3h45min documentary that gave me the knowledge to confidently tell that this is squish cancelling :) Thanks Panen !

[@IncredibleMD]

UPDATE: The video that explains how you can use that pendulum to chain ground pounds and gain height has been uploaded, it's over three and a half hours long, and I won't be telling you what part of that video explains how you can use that pendulum to chain ground pounds and gain height.

[@Exowave1]

the part where he read off chat messages when it finally crashed was euphoric. literally a perfect video and everything that I hoped it would be

[@Exowave1]

also I can't agree more with what everyone else is saying, this is so well done, and I'm so glad to see another commentated video. I know how harrowing the last one was, so it's good to see him in a place where he can make something like this again!

[@Brass319]

The part where my browser crashed to desktop when he explained how RNG works was one of my favorites, personally.

[@FlareStorms]

bnnuy pfp?

[@Exowave1]

@@FlareStorms heh..... yeah... what about it 🐇

[@FlareStorms]

@@Exowave1 I love bnnuy

[@StompboxBreakdown]

Your teaching style is impeccable. Every metaphor, illustration, word choice, cut scene, even when you decide to re-state something that needs reminding, it's all done with such care and empathy for the viewer. You had my attention the entire time, and at no time did I feel like I was being talked down to or yanked up the learning curve. Your excitement comes through in your presentation, something increasingly rare online.

[@dawnpath5727]

Every time I watch his videos I'm thinking the exact same thing!

[@YT7mc]

He does occasionally over-explain really obvious things, but yes in general he is one of the best teachers I've seen.

[@fabulousknight1960]

@@YT7mc Well, that's the point, right? You never know what is and isn't obvious to someone. He explains every aspect so you're guaranteed to get it.

[@LavaCreeperPeople]

yes

[@Bladieblah]

​@@YT7mc Like when?

My man really explained how that works in a future video omg

[@cucu_cucumber]

"You better get used to this graph." At this point mr pancake, I'm so invested if you showed 10 minutes of graphs without commentary I'd keep watching to see where it goes.

[@SirBrandonKing]

I didn't think you'd ever make another commentated video - and I was okay with that! After hearing about the making of that video in the Bismuth documentary, I would never want you to go through that again. But if you figured out how to make this one without pushing yourself too far, I'm super excited! I can't wait :)

[@patrickholt8782]

What happened in the bismuth documentary?

[@SirBrandonKing]

@@patrickholt8782 presumably pannenkoek really burnt himself out trying to make the Watch for Rolling Rocks video quickly, and he decided to stick to uncommentated videos from then on, until today. You can watch the documentary to learn more. I'm just happy that my main man Pancake is still making KZbin content, no matter what form :)

[@nicocchi]

@@SirBrandonKing there's also a rumor that the Watch for Rolling Rocks video being memed to hell and back didn't sit well with pannen, since it was like his magnum opus. While it seems to have played a part, I think pannen has a FAQ somewhere that says that maybe yes but it was a rather minor thing compared to the massive undertaking that was the video in general. I'm not very sure about it though so don't take my word for it and spank me if it turns out I'm spreading misinformation

[@Thiago_Rodrigues30]

He deleted his faq for some reason,but of course,archives of it still exist. His faq said that the rolling rocks video was hell to make It also said that this channel requires that every video be extremely high quality and have voice commentary,while he hates commentating.His faq also said that the Rolling rocks video used the motivation/mental budget of over 6 videos all in one video

[@centurosproductions8827]

@@nicocchi The memes of that video are *why* I wanted another Commentated Pannen video, though...

[@ElvenSonic]

YES! YES! Oh man I thought we’d never get another main channel commentary ever again. I’m so excited, watch for rolling rocks is genuinely my favorite piece of mario 64 content of all time. I can’t wait. Edit: Pannen did not disappoint. A masterclass in Mario 64’s rng calcultion system, precision systems, and even an intro to real world velocity and acceleration calculations. Excellent commentary, just the right pacing between shifting topics and reframing data, an all around excellent proof an explanation. Since this wasn’t a commentary on specifically the A press challenge, I’m really hoping we get future commentaries on mario 64’s various obscurities. Particularly ones covered on your “uncommentated” channel. Lovely work, keep it up.

[@thesaltgod]

I'm thinking this may be an April Fool's video, considering what actually goes on to make this game crash happen. Let's just say it takes a while...

[@kpddog1962]

​@@thesaltgod it's no longer april fools

[@eboone]

@@thesaltgod not even april fools lol

[@EddieBurke]

I wonder what TJ "Henry" Yoshi thinks about this

[@fsythy]

same lol

[@hiho9149]

There is something about your visual explanations and the way you break concepts down that makes them incredibly easy to grasp for me. I genuinely think you are the best teacher I've ever seen and wish everyone put as much effort as you do when trying to teach something.

[@kernapod7724]

Onoderaaaa!!!!

[@stalefishies]

"kierio04: LIDHQLKXNOQWDBOWUCOUBC" A key smash with zero A-presses. You love to see it.

[@monngo838]

I cant belive toby fucking fox promoted this video, honestly yeah this vid deserves it.

[@LordHonkInc]

I love the summary of 1. go into corner 2. create dust 3. ????? 4. -profit- crash And man, every Pannenkoek video makes me think I would've understood so many things in my CS studies so much more quickly if I had a teacher like him.

[@zdelrod829]

Sounds about right lol.

[@dazcar2203]

the amount of effort put in just to crash the game with a funny spinning pendulum is insane

[@kruje314]

3 years, and he's *finally* back with a commentated video. *Absolute legend.*

[@ugoboom]

what do you mean back? he was never gone

[@davidjewell1856]

​@@ugoboom it's been over three years since he posted a video on this channel

[@E-Box]

@@davidjewell1856 Seven if you don't count the last one, but at least he has a strong presence on his second channel.

[@TeeV479]

@@E-Box wait what second channel?

[@monkeyman2022]

@@TeeV479 uncommentatedpannen

[@t8_k]

I've been programming for a while and I never really had an appreciation to what floats actually are. Pretty crazy and super informative. Excellent work pannenkoek!

[@jjones503]

Been programming for over 20 years now. Learned more on floats in this video than I ever have.

[@PrincessAquos]

I appreciate you so much Pannen. I know you'll probably never read this, but I just read about what you were going through regarding commentated videos over these past 7 years. I'm very glad to hear your voice again, your technology communication skills, your humor, and your fascinating adventures in Mario 64. Every explanation you put out or challenge you chronicle, small or large, is a pleasure to hear. I hope you are able to get the peace of mind you need, and no matter what happens, I'll always remember and appreciate the work you've done for the Super Mario 64 community. I wouldn't mind waiting another 7 years for a main channel video, if it provided you with the time to maintain a better life balance and healthy peace of mind. I wish you only the best, you absolute legend.

[@IronPineapple]

this makes me so happy

[@Maldunn]

So cool to see one of my favorite creators commenting here! PS would love to see your take on the old Armored Core games someday

[@DiogenesTheCynic.]

Fancy seeing you here 👀

[@united_games]

Would have never guessed youd have interest in this

[@AkiraSatou]

Iron pineapple is cringe

[@united_games]

@@AkiraSatou your mom

[@TheGloriousLobsterEmperor]

I absolutely *love* Pannenkoek's humour and pure sassy energy. It's absolutely magnificent.

[@ferrishthefish]

One might even say he is real. Poggers.

[@AntiChangeling]

Very Cybershell.

[@TheAdvertisement]

3:00 Seeing the hexadecimal code for the pendulum changing in real time is so cool. Love how you visualize everything in this video! 6:38 Having taken physics and calculus it's interesting hearing how position, velocity and acceleration are presented in this format. 7:40 Interesting how on this random setting the pendulum only has two accelerations, just is fast and slow swings, nothing in between. 18:42 Ooooooh so THAT'S how float values work- what a neat compromise! Not to mention, this puts a lot of glitches I've seen before into perspective, like how the further you go out into Minecraft the less your position is calculated so walking becomes glitchy like you're skipping frames, because literally there's not enough float values so the game can't calculate your position as accurately that far out. 21:22 Lol I was confused where this was going because both examples are valid options the games do, especially overflow, but then just saying the game crashes got me. xD 22:26 Aw the spoiler blockers in chat. C'mon let the people paying attention read ahead! 27:56 All this for dust haha. 40:15 This is really funny cus it's basically like, *_"Angle 0 reached, copy, the pendulum has reached designated angle 0. Velocity shift has begun. Phase 1 complete, moving on to Phase 2."_* 44:06 It makes it sound like Mario's a slave lol. 45:01 That "now who remembers what's next?" is so patronizing lol. 51:34 Kinda proud of something I just realized- This isn't clear with your smaller model since it only has accelerations of 2 and 3, but from it you can figure out that each increase in speed (in phase 2 when boosting it with the fast speed) is always a multiple of 3. In the normal model, you showed that the pendulum's fast acceleration is 42. So, the speed will always be a multiple of 42. Because 42 is divisible by 2, the speed will also always be a multiple of 2. However, because 42 isn't divisible by 4, half the time speed will not be divisible by 4. Therefore, like you said, the float values only matter once it starts skipping by 4's instead of 2's. If the acceleration had been 41 instead, this would have mattered when you were skipping by 2's. 51:58 Oh goodness my math is being expanded.

[@chriso1373]

Out of curiosity, how far out do you have to go in Monecraft to get glitchy? Ive never had the patience to go more than 80,000 units... and that was WITH using the nether to boost overworld distance...

[@TheAdvertisement]

@@chriso1373 I believe each unit/block is considered a meter in Minecraft and uh... yeah, much beyond 80,000. I believe the issues start around 8million blocks, which are just some rendering issues. The 30million block world boundary normally prevents you from going further but stuff gets _wild_ if you go beyond it. I believe the issues get worse with every new power of 2, and it cultivates at about 2billion blocks out, the 32-bit integer limit, which causes every other block to completely not render, creating void "stripes". Next power of 2 up is the 64bit integer limit, and at that point the game crashes. xD If you want more detail I'd recommend the Minecraft wiki page that covers the Java edition distance effects

[@ollie__reid]

Pannen is honestly the best tech communicator I've seen! I'm not someone who knows much about math or coding, but this was crystal clear. Incredible work, man.

[@werecatOmega]

I remember watching this live. You haven't truly lived until you have listened to the slide theme for 39 days straight, getting hypnotized by a magical pendulum, while Mario practices squats in the corner

[@kackers]

don't forget the dust

[@zegreatpumpkinani9161]

The ABC team secretly put this together just so they could convince us to stare at the pendulum long enough to hypnotize us, then force us to join the challenge!

[@fhtraveler]

You don't remember anything. **FLASH** ...you're very, very tired after watching a pendulum rotate for more then a month without rest...

[@willowpets]

It worked @.@

[@stacklysm]

It worked, I'm going through the source code of SM64 as we speak

[@efad3215]

Yes sir.......

[@a-s-greig]

Instructions unclear: currently chasing after rabbits named MIPS

[@alpha9775]

I mean what can I say Pannenkoek. First of all, you finally seem legitimately happy. That's incredible. We know how much you suffered for a certain other commentated video, so the fact that you took care of yourself and ultimately were able to get yourself in a state where you can work on a main, commentated video again, is absolutely awesome. Second, this is an hour and 11 minutes long commentated video. No matter how you twist it you put a lot of time and effort into this. I'm truly grateful for all your hard work. And third, oh wow, that is genuinely a very interesting phenomenon you just presented to us. Go pendulum! The game crash is the limit! And with you, it practically goes without saying that all of the explanations are the best of quality. They're clear, concise, you make sure to cover every single point of problematique, etc. You're just so attentive to detail. Alright that'd be it from me. Thank you for reading my tiny bit of feedback. And I wish you, Pannenkoek, the best of all forevermore! Ciao!

[@somegamingfan1277]

What happened to him in the "other video", and what was the video in question?

[@alpha9775]

@@somegamingfan1277 Oh, so you don't know about it. I'm going to tell you but just as a fair preface, this might seem as hard news for you. So the video in question is the infamous Watch for Rolling Rocks 0.5x Commentated Video. You might know some memes about it. And the thing that happened to him, well, he shared this story in his FAQ, which you can find at his secondary channel- UncommentatedPannen. You can read the story in its entirety for yourself, but basically, the process of creating that video was really painful for Pannen, he was in one of the worst moods of his life, he was depressed. He did nothing but work on the video, for, what, I think 11 days straight. He didn't take care of himself. His computer crashed so he wasn't able to work on the video, which really annoyed him. He wanted to get it done, he thought the strategy was very promising. At the time he had thumb issues as well. Overall crappy time for him, he had to just focus on school. And then finally in the winter break he could be happy because finally he can work which is what he wanted. Except no, because the workload required for the video just kept increasing and it got very very stressful for poor Pannen. I could go on and on. Again, you can find how he told this story in his FAQ at UncommentatedPannen. Hope this answers your question. And I wish you the best of all. Take care. Sincerely, Alpha97

[@shelbyherring92]

TL;DR Pannen overworked himself to the point of emotional and physical injury while making the "Watch for Falling Rocks in 0.5 A Presses - Commentated" video. With that came overly high expectations for his next video, and the memes reduced him down to just the "parallel universes" guy.

[@alpha9775]

@@shelbyherring92 Thank you for your TL;DR. I apologize to some degree for writing so lengthily. I guess it's just my style you know. But anyways, I hope that SomeGamingFan now understands the situation that Pannen had to face with that video. Point is, fortunately he is now at a better place mentally and emotionally, he now seems truly happy and we can all be grateful for that.

[@TheGrimSmile]

@@shelbyherring92 I'm really glad to see that Pannen's embraced the humor a bit while still staying true to himself. I def don't want it to feel like he has to lean into the memes, but I hope he understands that we were all just floored by the dedication it takes to find new challenges to solve in this nearly 30 year old game. I hope the creation of this video was a lot more relaxing for him, and I really hope to see another someday.

[@Cosplaybuddygiraffes]

I’m SO happy there’s a new commentated video. Your manner of explaining math concepts and the accompanying visualizations are extremely informational and make these complicated ideas very palatable for anyone. As a huge unironic fan of the Watch for Rolling Rocks video, I’m so glad to see another one in the same vein. Be proud of what you make Pannen, it’s some really good stuff!

[@ThatGayWolf]

Dude, the slinky explanation is a really fantastic way to visualize this, awesome job

[@ThatGayWolf]

OK also this is the first time I've understood floating point imprecision. The initial lesson was a great primer and then seeing it applied in phase 3 and it finally *clicked* omfg thank you so much

[@eduams]

@@ThatGayWolf I didn't even know floating point imprecision was a thing

[@gingembrecarlate6146]

Damn everytime I feel like I've earnt my PhD in Mario 64, someone appears with a Nobel's prize like quality, hour long essay on another obscure yet interesting SM64 mechanic

[@pyropulseIXXI]

I, too, am a complete moron

[@StraightOuttaJarhois]

@@pyropulseIXXI you sure are

[@Pippu]

This channel is such a blessing. I cant imagine how much effort goes into this sorta thing, and it's genuinely incredible. Thank you Pannen.

[@bone7732]

I love the phrase "Makes a dust"

[@kerbonaut2059]

Damn, I was expecting another UncommentatedPannen joke video...WE ARE SO BACK!

[@ondrikb]

I didn't expect to see _you_ here! Hello!

[@thelinktothepastof7986]

I have never clicked on a video so fast. This felt like a mathematical proof with how rigorous you were. Well done to you, rcombs, and everyone else involved in this.

[@delta3244]

I beg to differ, there was some severe handwavyness and lack of rigor in places. To the benefit of the video, of course! Throwing jan Misali's video on floating point numbers in the middle of this would've been distracting, for example. I'll grant that the way this video introduces concepts and builds on them gives exactly the feeling you describe.

[@Swiftphantom]

I hope you continue doing more commentated videos for the future - such a pleasant surprise to get this and all the shorts you've been doing as well. Missed listening to you explain all of this

[@maniacalchimera]

What a wild ride! I've never been able to wrap my head around numbers and you communicated so well that I was able to follow along and even make correct conclusions on my own. You made all that math fun! You're a legend, thanks for all the work you put into this video and all your others.

[@Hexagonaldonut]

That feel when your pendulum is so aggressive in its swinging that it undermines and eventually destroys the fabric of reality. On a more serious note, wild to see a new commentated upload from you! You're really good at this.

[@makuru_dd3662]

And also apparently destroy live chat.

[@AgentMidnight]

Literally more informative and interesting than the first year of my Computer Science courses

[@j-dizzle2946]

Does computer science class suck universally? Cuz mine was really bad

[@lightspage]

​@@j-dizzle2946 depends on whether they punch you in the face with C or baby you with python

[@ElvenSonic]

@@j-dizzle2946 I got lucky, I guess. Had multiple years of excellent professors with great examples and application. But I also went to a small school and had a lot more one on one time and tutoring in labs.

[@AgentMidnight]

@@j-dizzle2946 It's probably fine in a few places, but for me at least, seeing an actual, visual application of floating point values and how they get related back to integers was a lot more engaging than having to memorize the "mantissa", etc hah

[@Scrufflord]

computer science lectures are a lot more engaging if bing bing wahoo is introduced

[@PseudoCorp]

This may just be the greatest video I've had the pleasure of watching on KZbin, as well as seeing live on Twitch. Amazing work, Pannen!

[@theSato]

God, it made my year to see this 1 hour long video. Pannenkoek videos are seriously some of the most calming comfort-food content on the entire Internet for me.

[@TARINunit9]

When you've mastered chaos theory so thoroughly you can invoke a "big rip" end of the universe scenario by kicking up carefully-timed clouds of dust

[@TheBuster0926]

Top Ten Characters that could Solo All of Fiction.

[@swindlesmccoop]

Good job for overcoming all of the mental anguish you went through from the Rolling Rocks video. I read your entire document and I'm glad to see you doing better.

[@eboone]

I also read it! Glad he's doing better now

[@memaimu]

Rolling Rocks on the Rolling Rocker?

[@parencolonthree]

@@eboone what is the document

[@kazatraw707]

@@parencolonthree The former FAQ on his secondary channel-which you can access through the WayBack Machine.

[@Tharmin.124]

So I got recommended this and thought "why not" Then I got filled with nostalgia for that one guy who started the parallel universes meme Then I checked the channel name Nice to see you again after so long

[@irok1]

It's great to see the evolution of abstraction throughout the video. We started with raw data, then eventually got a way to code in the swings we want so then we abstracted up to figuring out the swings we want

[@joegran]

Mario Teaches Something

[@EricYTP]

Damn. Did those pendulums make worlds clash? I wasn't expecting Pannen to drop abruptly drop such a huge video an I certainly wasn't expecting to see the Irod Bad guy comment on it. Especially not with a reference to one of my childhood nightmares. Nine likes? Let's make it ten.

[@orthoplex64]

Hey it's you! I like your videos. Congrats on the success of the recent Dog of Wisdom II

[@tripplordofinconvenience9953]

Ba

[@Alexifeu]

JOE :DD

[@SynoPTL]

@@tripplordofinconvenience9953 hababa

[@congobongoproductions5476]

71 minutes of gold. Thank you to everyone part of the ABC community, truly one of the most hardworking and dedicated to anything ever (and probably insane, too)

[@mirady9675]

ABC?

[@retrorebootmusic]

​@@mirady9675 A Button Challenge. Pannenkoek's main focus on KZbin is completely super mario 64 with the absolute minimum A-presses, using more and more complicated and obscure techniques and manipulations

[@congobongoproductions5476]

@@mirady9675 A Button Challenge. Basically the quest for beating SM64 with the least amount of A presses, and main challenge of this particular community

[@ryangainey94]

Most definitely insane. Anyone with the patience to pull this off in their spare time is superhuman

[@lagoozri9568]

i came from the future. now i understand everthing

[@MrShinyObject]

Absolutely amazing. People point out the excellent education style or the amazing graphs but you also need to get credit for your timing. The way you'd bring up something and slowly remind us of it before explaining it fully, like what making dust does, or the absolute sucker punches like telling us you set the whole thing to go off on new years. Incredible.

[@Offline219]

I can't believe I understood almost everything in this video without a hitch. I normally have a hard time understanding anything that's too complex because I'm simply not the brightest. It's amazing how good of a job he did explaining this when even someone like me can more or less understand it.

[@Fezezen]

I really love how thorough you are with explaining data types and structures, along with memory and the game's code. Makes it very interesting to watch as a game programmer.

[@delta3244]

Thorough but not comprehensive. The decisions on what parts of the explanation should be included/excluded were well made.

[@makuru_dd3662]

So you created the bug that causes this game to be terrible and completely unplayable! :(

[@XENON2028]

@@makuru_dd3662 ... what

[@makuru_dd3662]

@@XENON2028 it's a shitty joke, playing on the fact he is a dev and was the one who implemented the bug that would almost never happen and no real implications ever.

[@henkhenk902]

What an amazing journey! Thank you for your hard work as always pannenkoek. And thanks to rcombs as well!

[@ChuchoBros24]

Oh my god, I love all of this You are so good at explaining and visualizing data, while also making it fun Congratulations on another great video :D you deserve all the praise in the world

[@karbin89]

Pannen I work in the events industry. This week we had one of the biggest events we've ever faced and ran out of supplies which meant I had to run around town on a Sunday. This is very high stress and I was in the middle of a Panic attack. I started listening to this video and you delving into the deep programming of M64 calmed me down. It put a smile on my face. God Bless You!

[@TheMapleTyger]

That explanation of floats was so intuitive! What a great video. The quantity of things going on behind the scenes in video games is truly incredible. Code is amazing

[@wolfybuilder]

Wow. Just... wow. The amount of time, effort and planning that must've gone into this is unbelievable. This is one of the most impressive thing's I've ever seen from the SM64 community, and I can't believe that a video about integers and floats was captivating and entertaining enough to hold my attention for over an hour. Thank you and the people who worked on this for making such an incredible video. This is truly a gem of the platform.

[@robertgourley6864]

this was REALLY fun to watch, and I honestly love knowing the reason behind TINY other parts of RNG manipulation and floating point precision, with truncation and out of bounds. All in the neat little wrapper of crashing the funny wahoo game with the funny swingy bit. I love content like this, and I'm glad you ventured back into commentated videos. I love uncommentated stuff too, but this is so much easier to consume. Hope you keep it up! Much love :D

[@wagnerramosmidichannelabso514]

What a 39 day journey to the ludicrous crashing swing of a pendulum. Bravo, Pannen!

[@Josuh]

bravo vincekoek2012

[@Anaklusmos42]

Accelerating a pendulum for 39 days crashes Super Mario 64

[@neonfatum]

I'm honestly just surprised that the pendulums have actual physics logic to them. I never paid attention to them so I never noticed that there's actual variability to their swings. I thought it was just two or maybe a few more animations being played randomly. Pretty ambitious for a 1996 game. So interesting!

[@circuit10]

It’s easier to do these very simple and inaccurate physics than animate it manually, you can see it’s only a few lines of code

[@TheGrimSmile]

Same, I never noticed that the pendulum isn't hard coded to stop at the same angle on each swing.

[@pikachuchujelly7628]

I'm surprised they didn't just use a sine function with varying amplitude for the swing speed. It would've been easier to code and more robust.

[@Jonskipvp]

​@@pikachuchujelly7628its a nintendo 64 game, which is old technology with limited memory. it might have been more space efficient to code it how it was coded

[@TheGrimSmile]

@@pikachuchujelly7628 I wonder if it's related to the limitations of the sine/cosine values available on the N64. Kaze has a great video on how M64 hard codes sine values for various input angles, so they might not have been able to dynamically change the amplitude of the swing (at least not without significant compounding errors)

[@Purin1023]

The editing on the charts is incredible. Great video as always!

[@sandorrclegane2307]

This was such a cool video, I love how complex this all is and yet you made it very understandable and interesting. Congrats!

[@ukoid]

Pannen has a particular knack not just for making educational video essays out of an extremely simple idea in a video game, but he pays extra close attention to his grammar, tone of voice, and pacing of speech in order to both get the information across as efficiently as possible AND stay engaging. Other "speedrunning thing explained" youtubers sometimes have the tendency to speak too fast and/or leave out details that leave me wanting more, but Pannen is extremely thorough in a satisfying way. I'm about an hour into this video and it feels like nothing. But I'm also re-experiencing the feeling of having watched the parallel universes video for the first time. I love it!!!

[@micaiahbuttars2132]

Pannen does a great job of talking to his audience in a way that empowers learning. No patronizing the viewers with "but wAaAaiT, THAT doesn't make sense!!", but an attitude of "this makes total sense, and here's why". He'd make a great teacher, honestly.

[@ukoid]

@@micaiahbuttars2132 Yes! I particularly like the way he introduces his tangents once he runs into a subject that he knows hasn't been fully explained, because they always circle back to what spurred the tangent in the first place, leaving me totally prepared to move on to the next subject. I'd love to be in his compsci class if he taught one.

[@MasterRyan1595]

Your videos have been instrumental in keeping Mario 64 relevant for all these years. I'm truly glad to watch a new full commentated video after all this time.

[@formerlymax]

Thank you for making more commentated stuff Pannen. These vids are awesome.

[@Britefire101]

It makes me so happy seeing another commentated video from you! This is a wonderful video, had no idea so much went into the pendulums in this game o-o

[@jupiter4602]

the way pannenkoek abstracts dense math explanations into simple analogies is such a good communication tool. Like literally this entire video is a dense maths dump and its fun and interesting and so GOOD

[@DanteTorn]

I'm easily overwhelmed by math so the fact that I followed along with 90% of what was being explained is quite a feat. Beautifully explained.

[@ceytin]

these videos are always a treat so happy to see you back making commentated content again.

[@cyanryan1]

as soon as floats were mentioned i knew this video would go off the rails. good stuff pannen & rcombs!

[@E4tHam]

Very impressed you have the patience to make all those diagrams! The animation at 1:02:18 should earn you an Oscar

[@jummy0]

42:24 as well

[@E4tHam]

@@jummy0 100%

[@ccgarciab]

Had to do a double take after I realized the length adjustment on all arrows. Incredible how the graph comes alive!

[@Turabbo]

Absolute masterpiece lol. Your video design cannot be over-praised. You spend an insane amount of effort visualising everything, and you're such a good explainer. I hope you're a teacher! Cos you're a fantastic one!

[@sune9578]

I really appreciate how much detail you put into these videos! Something new I learned from this video was float density. It has only ever crossed my mind somewhat before, but it's not something I knew was concrete until now! So yeah, I learned a new thing today. Thanks!

[@Murkus]

Such an insane amount of work, awesome as always

[@drewbabe]

I hope this wasn't a huge pain to make like the past commentated videos, Pannen! I enjoy your explanations a lot because they're thorough and I end up completely understanding everything when you're done, but i don't want my enjoyment to come at the cost of your sanity. I can see how high-effort the production is and how much time it takes to make the visualizations, and I want you to know it really does achieve the desired result, but I only want you to put that much effort in if you really truly want to or at least don't mind it. Anyway, thanks for the video! BTW, I feel like you would be a great teacher, or at least, you'd be great at writing CS curricula since you explain things so well and your visualizations are really good.

[@sneepsnoop9547]

This was magnificent. I genuinely thought you would never make another commentated video, and I had completely made my peace with that, as I still really like your uncommentated vids. So to say this pleasantly surprised me would be the understatement of the century. I hope in the future we get even more content like this, but until then I will be rewatching this video. A LOT.

[@aerenrose3528]

its super cool that you've made another commentated video! ive super enjoyed you uncommentated videos and its great to watch a commentated one again! thanks!

[@shea5421]

I havent had time to watch this yet but a commentated pannenkoek vid is always a treat. I dont even care that much about sm64 but your passion is infectious

[@SlushieDee]

This may genuinely be the most intuitive and accessible explanation of floating point imprecision I’ve heard, excellent work!

[@deleteTF]

He is back! I never thought you would do another commentated video again, but glad you are doing this since it will bring attention to the challenge progress these past few years for new people.

[@erickleinwolterink3524]

I love a nice long commentated video about incredibly obscure workings of decades old video games. the chillest of moods.

[@Ace_the_Yoshi]

Incredible work!! So engaging and so clearly explained. Loved all the math involved!