Ideology in Literary Theory: Marx and Althusser| Marxism

[@lily_lxndr]

Very helpful, thank you!

[@masoodraja]

You are welcome.

[@mdfirojahmmed427]

Your way of delivering lecture is very impressive, Professor.

[@masoodraja]

Thank you!!

[@chulascruz]

Thank you for explaining ideology in a simple way that we can understand it. I am so glad I came across your channel and look forward to learn from you through your videos.

[@masoodraja]

Thank you and welcome!!

[@diptiraj24]

Thank you so much Sir. I'm 1st year post-grad student. Your lecture really helped me to understand everything better. 🙏

[@masoodraja]

You are most welcome

[@monikachatterjee9703]

Lots of thanks for your simple lecture to understand easily the topic.

[@masoodraja]

You are most welcome

[@AK-zq8dt]

I am also grateful for your presence and accessibility to me! Thank you!🌸

[@masoodraja]

You are welcome.

[@ammar5878]

Valuable lectures by a brilliant lecturer

[@masoodraja]

Thank you

[@rajbari6964]

Thank ypu Professor. Wonderful discussion. What's the difference between ideology and discourse? Do you have anu video on thay?

[@masoodraja]

Thank you. I don’t have a video comparing the two but maybe I will do that after I understand it clearly.

[@rajbari6964]

Thanks. And yes, the difference between ideology and discourse is sort of blurred to me....very confused. Good that you want to discuss on that...waiting eagerly.

[@Secular1000]

Thank a lot again Prof. Raja and Ramadan Kareem :)

[@masoodraja]

You are welcome. Same to you.

[@Secular1000]

@@masoodraja I am an Israeli Jew :)

[@dikshasyangden671]

Wow.. nailed it with such ease.. Thankyou so much sir ..🙏

[@masoodraja]

You are welcome.

[@mouradmaimoune7432]

Coherent, articulate and concise. Good work.

[@masoodraja]

Thank you.

[@mouradmaimoune7432]

@@masoodraja welcome sir

[@elhassany1]

As usual, mind-opening statements.Thank you

[@masoodraja]

Thank you so much.

[@bungakasih3336]

Thank you so much, you make it so easy to understand!

[@masoodraja]

You are welcome.

[@kimy6954]

Thank you so much, you're a fantastic lecturer !!

[@masoodraja]

You are welcome.

[@amahboob05]

Thank you!

[@masoodraja]

You're welcome!

[@mahdiesmaeili1512]

Thank you for this lecture, sir.

[@masoodraja]

You are welcome.

[@harveyhumber682]

amazing lecture

[@masoodraja]

Thank you.

[@mysteriousinfo5796]

Please do a lecture on the differences between focaults normalizing and repressive powers and althusseres RSA and ISA

[@masoodraja]

Thank you. I will try after I have had time to reread Foucault.

[@mysteriousinfo5796]

@@masoodraja will wait for the video sir

[@mbbs051]

It is said that we only born free and after that certain types of ideologies are imposed on us in one way or another. According to Althusser, we are always bound in some kind of ideology. Is it possible to go beyond these structural ideologies?

[@masoodraja]

Well, I am not sure what a non ideological existence would be? We are born in ideology but our place in it is not immutable; we can always shift to a more liberating and progressive ideology. The point to keep in mind is that according to Althusser we are always on one or the other ideology.

[@dalalalfares6516]

So helpful

[@masoodraja]

Thank you.

[@fakharabbas3495]

Sir please akk video" Martian Heidegger's response on Plato's allegory of Cave"

[@masoodraja]

Thank you for your suggestion. Sorry, I do not know much about Heidegger’s work.

[@fayyazahmed5866]

What's the difference between socialism and communism especially related to Russian and Chinese models ?

[@masoodraja]

That is a huge question and not easy to answer in a comment. I suggest reading on Maoism and Soviet communism, post Stalin. Socialism, on the other hand, is a term that relates to even distribution of wealth and a system of care for all people. The problem with communism was always the problem of oppression: How to make sure that the proletariat itself does not become an oppressive class, or any other revolutionary class for that matter. I think Paulo Freire really tries to answer that question. Please watch my series on Freire.

[@newzealand703]

Thankyou so much!

[@masoodraja]

You are welcome. This is now also available on my Podcast: anchor.fm/masood-raja/episodes/S1E74-Althusser-Repressive-and-Ideological-State-Apparatuses--Ideology-engbj3

[@noheroespublishing1907]

In terms of ideological structures, what confluence of factors assist in changing it? Class Consciousness certainly is a component, but surly not everyone in a Revolutionary moment is all studied person's on the subject. Wherein does Art fit in? Surely it is on the continuum, but where? I am reminded of the period of pre-US Civil War, where pro and anti slavery factions were participating in guerilla campaigns against each other, but also, with the publication of the novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin" the art assisted, inadvertently, in changing public opinion on the subject of slavery and permanently shifted public consciousness towards opposition. I suppose culture (Art) catches up to Consciousness and reflects it back once it reaches a certain critical mass and is both willing to be looked at by the public, and is lucky enough to be in the right place at the right time.

[@masoodraja]

Thank you. Yes, I also think about it often. I guess determination in the last instance is where culture becomes important but for Marx even that has an economic basis. That is where sentimental literature is important as it appeals to the feelings and not necessarily reason. That is why Uncle Tom’s Cabin and, to some extent, “ Life in the Iron Mills” were so effective. Mark Bracher’s book Radical Pedagogy does a good job of discussing the impact of feelings toward change.

[@noheroespublishing1907]

@@masoodraja I cannot remember where I read it, but I remember reading that a journalist had come over to the United States to do a report on how the society structurally changed, what motivated change, and they came away with the interpretation that US society was odd because of how central the emotional state of the society was to enacting any changes in policy, and that beyond that it seemed impervious to reasoned argumentation; to the point where such things define the very obvious lack of political contents and definitions within their own political parties. This very thing, the lack of explicit political and economic policy, and a hyper active attention to the emotional state, probably is one of, though not the only, reasons why Class Consciousness is constantly stifled. Though, Art is a wildcard in the mix, it is the subversion of culture through it's own anxieties; the emotional appeal to reason.

[@masoodraja]

Yes, I agree. And this model of politics is now operative in a lot of other countries as well. As people say fear and anger is part of every day life and can be mobilized effectively. Also, the latest research in how the brain works also suggests that it is the emotional brain, the mid brain, that makes decisions. The rational part of the brain actually just rationalizes our decisions.

[@noheroespublishing1907]

@@masoodraja Yes, that makes sense, difficult to work around/with, though this knowledge just means that it was applicable in the past and to the Revolutions of the past, meaning that those conditions can be replicated as with similar results. The question is, how?

[@lyadhkhorvagabond4362]

Sir plz make lectures on lacan's theory.

[@masoodraja]

Thank you. I am sorry I do not have deep expertise on Lacan but please watch the three lectures on psychoanalysis in my series on Terry Eagleton for a basic discussion of Lacan.

[@sheaikhrazib5418]

Nice

[@masoodraja]

Thanks.

[@yousif116]

What is The problem of dominant hegemony in Marxist literary Theory ??

[@masoodraja]

Please watch my video on dominance and hegemony.

[@yousif116]

@@masoodraja In Marxism, what is the solution in approaching literary works as proposed by R. Williams?

[@masoodraja]

@@yousif116 I don’t have a video on Williams yet, but reading Williams would be the first step in understanding it. To be honest I have no simple answer to this.

[@mehakkamran9093]

@@masoodraja you the besttttt sir....thankuu sooo much vedios k lia...bhttttt help hoti🌸🌸🌸🌸🌸🌸🌸🌸🌸🌸🌸

[@sadiaahmad8434]

Wow

[@masoodraja]

Thanks.

[@oduogimaurice974]

"We are always already subjects" but science do claim objectivity?

[@masoodraja]

Thank you. Yes, on sciences and objectivity I recommend reading Karl Popper’s work.

[@nonperson8293]

@@masoodrajaLukacs also has interesting things to say about empiricism

[@masoodraja]

@@nonperson8293 Yes, certainly.