If Gambit Exploded a Person | Because Science Live

[@nathanchettle7930]

So If Gambit charged up a priest, he’d would make a holy hand grenade?

[@justmutantjed]

Yes, but he must count to *three*. He may not count to four, nor should he count to two, except on the way to three. Five is _right out._

[@BrymalDX]

This gives me Worms P.T.S.D.

[@eunumsei2258]

😂😂😂😂😂😂 lol

[@Gevaudan1471]

Starts at 5:00 guys.

[@JaredMeadows]

Thank you!

[@joaomrtins]

Holly shit Thanks!!!

[@GiggityGretsch]

The good part starts at 34:01. 😂😂

[@sentoneYYC]

Why though?!

[@brandonogden3498]

You're doing God's work son (daughter? Non-gendered offspring? Whatever, you're awesome!)

[@Somber_Knight]

"because of the time commitment and the people you have to bring I just don't go outside." -K. H. and many teenagers.

[@HateSonneillon]

Happy 1 year anniversary! Back when the show was only on Nerdist, it was annoying because I only wanted to watch Because Science (I didn't care for Nerdist's other content) and really wanted it to be its own channel. When it finally became its own channel I was really happy and immediately un-subbed Nerdist and subbed to Because Science.

[@clarkkent1473]

SO THATS WHERE OUR ONE SUBSCRIBER WENT!!!

[@Sereomontis]

@@clarkkent1473 "one". Because there definitely weren't thousands of us in the exact same boat.

[@shawnhervieux5325]

I got a good one. If Thors hammer would land on Ego (the living planet), would Ego still be able to move or would the hamer prevent him frome moving?

[@LordofSyn]

He would just move in a different direction.

[@MrPoster42]

@@LordofSyn But that would still be moving the hammer.

[@axeldornelles5292]

@@MrPoster42 Not really, it would be moving *WITH* the hammer, not moving it. Saying that being moved by it would be the same as moving it would be similar to saying having it thrown to your face wouldn't push you back, but freeze you in space instead.

[@snorehawk64]

There is a difference in wielding the hammer and being able to lift it. Hulk is able to lift it out of pure strength but being able to use it as Mjolnir he can’t. So yes Ego can move it but he can’t wield it

[@dc_fanatic]

Depends if he he's worthy or not (which isn't so ,HA!)

[@devinwalton408]

1 card = 1/25 hand grenade 1 human = approximately 1 hand grenade 1 human = approximately 25 cards OKAY, how man Calories are in playing cards?

[@jamesbailey4304]

This is delving straight into some Plato "Behold, a man!" territory.

[@calebjohnson6014]

That is a good point I think he must have messed up or something

[@a-blivvy-yus]

By this logic, a deck of cards is better to be eating in an emergency than the 2 people trying to play a game using those cards.

[@cherrydragon3120]

@@a-blivvy-yus lol IKR

[@Cipher_Paul]

Around 8 kCal I think

[@TheAdanChannel]

congratulations on your anniversary, I must say we need more channels like BECAUSE SCIENCE, because it not only promotes knowledge, it also promotes that spark inside us that help us go further and advance as civilization, seen content like this is amazing! As I said before not only because you spread the word of science, but also because you are always open to new ideas corrections an even criticize and use them in a very positive way, honestly this comment doesn’t sound as good as I wished but I needed to said not only congratulations but thank you!

[@karakorra756]

Check out pbsspacetime and isaacarthur :3 A little denser than because science and less silly but still very interesting

[@SAAMAverageman]

Aha! You Can PUSH yourself through space with a vacuum cleaner however... You can disassemble it and throw it away, using each piece to generate propulsion, then once you start moving, you won't stop.

[@funkyflames7430]

Hey, that's pretty good. If we are blessed with the values f and m (as in mass) in all of our possible uses of them, we would be able to figure out ''a' through a = f/m than assuming your initial velocity is 0m/s we plug in the numbers into Vf = Vi + at. Let's assume your mass is 70 kg and the mass of the vacuum was 8 kg. We also assume the force of your throw will be equal to that of the force needed to keep your body upright in Earth gravity. We would multiply 70 kg * 9.8 m/s^2 to find that we have to put out 686 newtons (I do realize this is the force required to levitate rather than standing upright which would be lesser, but why not.) So you throw with the force of 686 newtons, propelling you back with a force of 686 newtons. We use the equation f/m = a to find acceleration; 686 / 70 = 9.8 m/s. We plug our numbers into Vf = Vi + at. Vf = 0 m/s + 9.8 m/s^2 * 1 = 9.8 m/s = Vf However, what will be the velocity that the vacuum travels at? We would simply divide 686 by 8 (f/m = a formula) and find the result is -85.75 m/s^2. If we plug this into the Vf = Vi + at formula we get 0 m/s + -85.75 m/s^2 * 1 = -85.75 m/s. In the end, you accelerate yourself to a velocity of 9.8 m/s and the vacuum has been accelerated to -85.75 m/s. I hope this is correct. I have been studying classical physics for about a day now. I got really lucky to find such a great teacher. Anyways, I hope you enjoyed my break down of some cool physics.

[@necrojoe]

Would just throwing the whole vacuum have the same end velocity as throwing it bit by bit?

[@3rtmann]

@@necrojoe yes, because it is the same amount of mass you are pushing :)

[@jamesbailey4304]

@@3rtmann I would assume that there are different effects and considerations for each scenario. If you yeeted a whole vacuum cleaner in one go in a, well, vacuum, without the effects of gravity, you would have only one significant action/reaction. That would mean that you would lose any other form of propulsion. HOWEVER, if you disassembled it to its component parts, you could make course corrections as needed, and though the overall progress would be slower, the likelihood of getting from point A to point B with accuracy would skyrocket.

[@yurimow]

@@necrojoe i thought the same thing at first, but what if you threw the tiny bits away from you faster (impart them a higher speed relative to you)? I kinda feel like that would give you a higher specific impulse, but i don't really know why.

[@D123-f9k]

I wanted to read the logo screen but 5 minutes wasn't enough time.

[@telectronix1368]

x0.25 speed

[@matthewwriter9539]

Take a speed reading class.

[@drancosqui]

The face of Kyle on the thumbnail + the title of the video (If Gambit Exploded a Person) work soo good LUL

[@TheGary94w]

Anyone remember that time on xmen evolution when gambit almost actually did that? The brotherhood were confronting him about something, & he just grabs toad, 'primes' him, & threatens to let go if they don't back off. Spoiler alert: toad was fine in the end. But damn, that show got dark at times.

[@fearless4him595]

The Angry Gentleman Yeah man, that’s crazy stuff right there.

[@Gryphon2026]

That was a good deep cut!

[@Anthonybrother]

i need to read some comics i guess

[@VictoryNibbles]

I would argue that wood is recognizable as plant cell structures laden with xylem - full of cells which have formed the lignin-laced, fibrous secondary cells walls (which coincides with cellular death, creating hollow channels to facilitate the flow of aqueous mineral solutions up the height of trees). If you don't have cells, with secondary cell walls, that are largely dead tissue made for facilitating the transport of water and nutrients throughout the organism they're from, then you don't have wood. All you have is cellulose, lignin, various polysaccharides, and glycoprotein, with traces of other elements left from the former organelles, minerals once being transported, etc. Along the same vein, I'd say smoke isn't even close to 'wood gas,' since it's largely even chemically dissimilar to wood (due to the chemical reactions from burning the wood).

[@grub7850]

The because science basics thing is a wonderful idea. I'd love to be able to not only learn something nerdy about some pop culture related thing while also learning how to do some of the conversions and stuff you do on the show

[@johnjay554]

Congratulations on your one year anniversary Kyle. I remember the first announcement of Because Science getting it's own channel. I went straight over and subscribed. So glad I could go through this journey with you and can't wait to see where it goes! Here's to many more great years and shows!

[@coreyfro]

Can Cyclops see his own laser beam or does he just see things catching on fire?

[@christianheichel]

Interesting idea

[@trielt1]

Even better question: would he even see at all?

[@yeahkeen2905]

Corey McGuire the funny thing is... there’s a Because Science on that.

[@sithlorddread8721]

Cyclops has a concussion blast not a laser beam, duh

[@blackgriffinxx]

@@sithlorddread8721 i people always get that wrong but i see why . In some ways is better than a laser beam . It can cut, grind , punch holes and hammer thing in to the ground. He can even slow his own fall with it

[@rafalwala7407]

Unfortunately, you were wrong in the calculations. The values you provided on the first graphic are given in kCal. Which means that the sum should be 200MCal not 200kCal. 100g chicken has 239 kcal, 100g of 400kCal sugar, and 100g of fat about 900kCal. 200kCal is about 200g TNT, which is a hand grenade. 200MCal is 200kg TNT or a large air bomb. Greetings from Poland.

[@QuestionMarc]

So wood is ground up and mixed with water to form a cellulose pulp, then bleached, then pressed flat and dried to make paper. So yeah, liquid wood is a thing, it's what you make paper from!

[@altramen7045]

I think that would make it an amorphous solid. There's a way to melt wood I think but it has to be in an oxygen free environment so that it doesn't ignite.

[@twelvefootnine]

I recently re-watched Ironman 2 and started wondering about Whiplash's arc-reactor powered whips. How much energy would those things need to put out to cleanly slice through a Grand Prix race car like that? Wouldn't that kind of output have similar thermodynamic issues as a certain other movie's laser swords? I imagine it would be a significantly lower amount of energy but wouldn't Whiplash *still* burst into flame as soon as he powered up his super-high-tech whippy-things?

[@chriscollen6543]

Love your channel! Congratulations on hitting your 1 Year Anniversary! Looking forward to many more!

[@Corvious]

In 0g with air...so like a space station, hey maybe e-mail one of the astronauts on the ISS, I’m sure they’d try riding a vacuum cleaner for science.

[@brokenwave6125]

ISS isn't in zero G. Far from it. Their height from Earth's surface still is affected by 90% of the force of gravity as on the surface. They are just essentially in a constant state of freefall though, which gives the illusion of zero G. But they are no more in zero G than a skydiver.

[@DogWalkerBill]

Liquid Wood: I do believe in wood processing there is a process of grinding wood to saw dust and mixing it with water until it's the consistency of oat meal. Mix in some glue, pour it in shapes you like and allow it to dry. You could make fiber board. Or paper.

[@mrwidget42]

Wood chemistry: Cellulose is a complex sugar, so for that reason if you could separate all the components of wood fibre the cellulose would be soluble in water. The sticky stuff in wood pulp is actually lignin which provides the "scaffolding" for cellulose sugars to polymerize and cross-bond, which is where wood fibre gets it's structural integrity. Much the same as the rubber vulcanizing process does for the otherwise loosy-goosey rubber monomers.

[@donniemorrow]

The initial calorie calculation is off by a couple orders of magnitude. 2x10^5 Calories = 2x10^8 calories = 8x10^8 Joules = 1000 to 2000 hand grenades (at 400-800 kJ each)

[@TheLastWeasley]

I love the edits in the normal videos but watching him be a dork live is so much better

[@AngelaRichter65]

I love your shows. As a matter of fact, I watched your series on ships in space and fighting in space for hours for my new book, and gave you a huge acknowledgement.

[@RedScaledKnight1]

the fridge question was missing some set up, the movie shows it being made of lead which would ostensibly absorb a respectable amount of radiation. this does not invalidate his proximity to the fireball, being hurled while free-bouncing inside a box not meant to safely convey a human, or negate the fact that he's extremely unlikely to be the only projectile in that scenario.

[@springer2112]

Hey Kyle! Liquid wood pulp is the precursor to paper. Simple answer!

[@jocelyngray6306]

I think the question meant "can you melt wood".

[@springer2112]

@@jocelyngray6306 No! The question was can wood be turned into a liquid. You might think acid, but that dissolves the wood into a gas. So I'm pretty sure I was correct.

[@michaellouton3870]

Congrats on The one year mark. I love channel and I look forward to all the awesome science, info, and laughs to come in the next year.

[@jadewi17]

You probably wouldn't want to be the human torch because the flames surrounding you would burn the oxygen before it can get into your lungs and you would suffocate yourself.

[@ComradeCrab93]

Not if you became "living fire" and the oxygen you burn is like breathing for you.

[@jadewi17]

@@ComradeCrab93 That's a because magic answer to a "Because Science" problem.

[@NameUnknownz]

@@jadewi17 is it tho

[@geoorge1000]

@@NameUnknownz *vsauce music plays*

[@mclovin2106]

For the liquid wood question, the action lab made a video on if its possible to melt wood and in that video he shows how wood can be liquified or at least the compounds that are found in wood and make it up

[@3rtmann]

Regarding the vacuum cleaner. Under the conditions Kyle specified. I don't think you would move at all. The force from the fans creating the low preassure zone and the air hitting the back of the bag would cancle out. (I think) But if the end of the bag was cut open so the air was moved only by the fans then you could go somewhere.

[@joshuamccarroll2188]

"No-one can hear you clean" I had to pick myself up off the floor from laughing three times

[@muflon5920]

"If I'm alive in 5 years..." Woah, hey there buddy, hope you're not planning on pulling out a sneaky on us

[@peterhacke6317]

About the liquid wood thing. There is dissolved wood during paper making process. But for a more pure and more general approach try this: Put the thing you wanna liquify into a helium atmosphere (to stop it from reacting) and heat it up until it melts. This should work for practicly anything. Except some evil stuff that eats the vessel you are using to contain it. Edit: Forgot the stuff that sublimates: If it goes from solid directly to gas, raise the atmospheric pressure inside your experimental setup. At some pressure it gets a liquid phase.

[@WarlandWriter]

If I'm not mistaken, liquid wood is impossible because it will denaturate (not sure if that is a correct translation) before it melts. Basically what that means is that the bonds in between the molecules are stronger or as strong as the molecules within the molecules, so the molecules making up the material (such as cellulose) will start to break apart before they let go of one another.

[@arcadia1701e]

5:06

[@Dmassey21990]

Thanks man

[@TonyThomas415]

You rock

[@joshchu]

if you are in 0g but with atmosphere, and yea, you can push yourself awkwardly, cuz most vacuum cleaner vent out sideways, if it cunter-venting to opposite direction, you still can create a minor low pressure area in front of it so some of the air behind you will be slightly pushing you foward when it's rushing in to the area. i guess

[@LordofSyn]

In space, no one can hear you clean! #Winning #NailedIt #HappyOneYearAnniversary

[@williamtrempe9328]

Tbh I thought the joke kinda sucked 😜

[@sternis1]

On the subject of vacuum cleaners in space: If the vacuum cleaner had a reverse functionality, could you move by using it to eject mass (dust) from your vacuum cleaner bag? Thinking about it, I don't think so, unless your vacuum cleaner is fully sealed. Unless the pressure in the bag is higher than vacuum (which it can't be, since those bags are designed to let air through, but not dust). So the pressure in the bag is probably the same as the surrounding (vacuum), so the fans/blades (or whatever Dyson says) would not do a lot. Pushing on the bag to eject dust might work, but wouldn't give you a lot of acceleration. Your best bet of "using a vacuum cleaner to move through space" would be "Just throw the damn thing in the opposite direction you want to go!"

[@LaserHuset]

"I usually don't go outside" Kyle Hill 2019, Kyle for president 2020?

[@romanmccoy5074]

Wasnt the fridge specifically shown in the movie to be lead lined or something? Been so long since I watched the movie.

[@GuitarsRockForever]

He would need a lot more lead wall to survive nuke.

[@lucaspilgrim8064]

I choose to believe that he really did die in that refrigerator and the rest of the movie is a dying dream as his brain floods with endorphins right before he dies as an indie burger. A least that would explain the aliens, or Shia LaBeouf @@Valkhiya

[@jparky1972]

@@lucaspilgrim8064 Lmao! I like that. 😆😅😆

[@yunthi]

@@Valkhiya wondering about that, even with extreme temperature differences, insulation means it takes time for the heat to penetrate. how long does the nuclear blast heatwave last. just because its able to flash ignite stuff, doesnt mean it penetrates immediately. i mean firemen do have clothing that enables them to run thu a burnign building. they cant stay inside indefinitely and it does get hot, but it doesnt get a thousand degrees hot immediately. hes dead no doubt, but im not sure if just from the heat. (altho, the rubber insulation on the door would melt pretty much immediately, letting the heat inside)

[@Citrakite]

Indeed, they even linger the shot over the label to show it was lead lined.

[@rowleyj31]

Pressure and TEMP is required for saturation of gas into liquid. Usually the higher the temp the more pressure you need to infuse the gas. But you also have a max saturation level.

[@thediamondponies4396]

The wood question was in respect to the idea of liquid metal. When it's put under pressure. I do believe anyways, that's how I took it.

[@lucaspilgrim8064]

bgr.com/2018/02/08/super-wood-densification-building-material/ wood that's both stronger and lighter than steel is what happens. Any more and it would crystallize, probably into some silicate

[@gerolindenberg8017]

The designation KCal is a bit confusing, because that is the abbreviation for kilogramm calorie, which is the definition of “calories“ as we use them for energy in food.

[@the88thdarcstar]

I think it was more of a spacing error. I believe he ment 200K Cal like he said

[@jaeger1123]

Yeah it's a bit weird since 1 Cal with a capital C is the same as one kcal so it can be quite confusing, until I looked it up I seriously considered the thought of having to eat 10 entire people until you fill your caloric intake for the day

[@OriginalPiMan]

Just one of the reasons I don't like to use calories for energy measurement. It helps that the nutritional information panel on food here uses kilojoules, so I rarely need to bother with calories unless talking with an American.

[@XxThunderflamexX]

To the liquid wood question: no, it's not possible. Lignin isn't stable at the tempuratures you'd need to melt it, it just breaks down into other compounds.

[@SynymynBuhnz]

Hello Kyle, I'm "I Iz Hugh Manatee" on Twitter. I'm also the Captain Barbosa on your other live stream asking "do you always brush your hair front to back?" And you replied quickly saying "I never brush my hair" and now you're saying you'd brush your hair on camera for money. That's a superb mind-changing. Lol

[@LeifEriccson43]

For the liquid wood, if you mean just adding heat, that basically turns wood into charcoal. Charcoal is produced when wood is heated in a very low oxygen environment, leaving mostly pure carbon. So I guess you would technically get liquid "wood" (carbon) at 3550°C.

[@GringatTheRepugnant]

Surely the spinning parts of the vacuum would cause some kind of motion, like precession? Also, in terms of getting liquid wood.. Wood burns well before it reaches its melting point but presumably it could be melted in a really hot, oxygen-free environment. Smoke can’t really be called “wood gas” because the wood has reacted chemically to form that gas. I do wonder now if lignin (the chemical that makes up wood) could ever vapourise or even melt without decomposing into smaller sugar chains.

[@valerthakov]

22:23 is my question 😀😀😀

[@stefansauvageonwhat-a-twis1369]

freddy gamer tv oh

[@stefansauvageonwhat-a-twis1369]

Lolz he didn’t answer well!😅

[@valerthakov]

I think I broke his brain

[@TheTrptplayer1]

Thank you for the education Kyle. I love to learn new things everyday, and your videos are the highlight of my week.

[@rodneyholladay1658]

The air pressure pushing into the vacuum cleaner wouldn't hit the back of the vacuum. There's a vent. The particles are taken out by passing it through a filter. That being said, there would be a difference between input and output, so maybe there's a little push.

[@TheCudmaster]

Lyocell, modal, rayon, viscose, etc all are made of regenerated cellulose fibers, part of the process involves dissolving cellulose into a solution, not sure if that qualifies as liquid wood, but it is fun to know we can turn hard wood into super soft textiles and insulation. I even have some ridiculous socks made from bamboo. Also, I think you need to revisit how you use straws, I feel like you might be doing it wrong. :)

[@joshdavoust5062]

Hey Kyle, I love the show! I found a lecture by Professor Barbara Ryden at The Ohio State University which asserts that there are "... 0.1 atoms per cubic centimeter" in space. Given that atoms have mass, we can conclude that mass is being drawn into the vacuum cleaner. Although it is an extraordinarily small amount of mass, it would nonetheless generate movement, however imperceptible. Using a vacuum cleaner for space travel would not be feasible whatsoever, unless you had an extension cord that was light years long and also immortality. And even THEN the extension cord would be limited by the resistance in it and, over an extraordinary length, the power you would need to push current through all that resistance would be... a lot. I'm not quite good enough to do the math yet.

[@TheMeiliken]

Fridge was made of lead. Not aluminum. They show that on the movie. So see the movie. Lead would stop some of the radiation, hence why they detoxify him afterwards.

[@brokenwave6125]

You clearly can't comprehend how wrong that scene is... But to stop an significant amount if that radiation the lead would have to be much much thicker than a fridge lining.

[@TheMeiliken]

You obviously missed the "some" word I used. Lead blocks a lot more than aluminum. With no other options, that was the best course. He'll still have a large dose of radiation, hence his detoxing. So aye, it can work, but not very likely.

[@martinkadlec6070]

My 5 cents. That still wouldn't save him. Lead has to be in several layers and thickness to block out most of the rads. The radiation cannot be stopped entirely. Oh and the "fridgefall" would certainly kill him.

[@TheMeiliken]

Hence the "not likely". Regardless I'll always choose a 15% chance over 0% any day.

[@nodiggity4283]

i like the fact i found yuor channel and found multiple Gambit videos. Him being my favorite Marvel character it's nice

[@TheNeilBlack]

Because Science Basic sounds amazing. I'd love to learn how to do all the calculations that go into your videos.

[@QuestionMarc]

FYI, the Fantastic Four are referred to as the first family in comics. So yeah, Johnny Storm is Susan's brother. Sue married Reed Richards. And Reed's best childhood friend is Ben Grimm. Johnny Blaze is Ghost Rider. No relation.

[@malcontent79]

Wait wait wait, I must be confused. I think it was the video about Star Trek transporters, my recollection is that you said the amount of energy that would be released by a human body being disassembled on a molecular would be immense. So am I misunderstanding how potential energy works, or is it just that we're not considering Gambit's "charging" effect to be down to atomic level?

[@CmdrSloanne]

Congratulations!! Kyle on you 1st year anniversary and to many more.

[@TerryProthero]

There is some stuff they you can buy called liquid wood. I think it's something like cellulose mixed with an adhesive. Then when it dries it has properties similar to wood. You can paint it etc. It's good for repairing damaged wood. But if the person is talking about turning wood from a solid to a liquid then the answer is no. I think either you or someone else covered this. Wood would burn instead of becoming a liquid if it's subjected to heat. If it isn't in oxygen rich atmosphere, it could undergo some other form of chemical breakdown and would no longer be the same substance. It can't just melt like a piece of ice.

[@kaelanirevyruun1676]

22:48 slight correction here... it clearly shows a shot of detailing on the inside of the fridge saying “LEAD LINED”, meaning that he knew he could survive the radiation blast in the fridge due to the radiation-dampening effects of lead. However, potentially the trauma of being thrown around could kill him lol

[@joshuaspector8182]

I just did a quick google search and first thing that came up is from yale scientific that, briefly skimming, talks about the long strands of fiber that make up the wood like make it resist coming into liquid state, but they say there probably a theoretical temperature at which it could be forced to happen.

[@jacobsmith6763]

Kyle, you did it. New channel, but you're still communicating science.

[@TheMacC117]

To answer the liquid wood question, wood will burn and charr before it ever reaches a liquid consistently. Meaning, it will eventually break itself a part into individual cells and turn to gas.

[@antrazitaj5209]

Indiana Jones didn't survive because of the fridge but because he drank from the Holy Grail.

[@Andrewflynn16]

Forgot about that lol

[@TheTitan1138]

Happy Anniversary! Congrats on One Year! Keep up the great work!

[@jeremychevy6888]

Kyle. I know I'm late watching this, but anyone mention playing cards are made from different materials that have different weights and thicknesses and such things. Standerd casino csrds are made of polyethylene i think. Some are plastic mixes paper, paper/plastic which right off the start of his powering a card to its max, changes its boom. Lighter the csrd, the less boom

[@Wrest2165]

Thank you for an excellent 1 year of videos. You make my day a big brighter, both entertainment wise, and enlightenment wise. Thank you!

[@heathriley3692]

Liquid Wood? You mean the stage of the paper-making process where it's pulped, souped, cooked, and pressed?

[@Tectonix26]

I assumed they meant like, could it reach a liquid state (molten)

[@prariedog7875]

I just wanted to know if you could like take a log and somehow change it into liquid form

[@brokenwave6125]

That wouldn't be liquid wood anymore than kool aid is liquid sugar. Adding a bunch of water and stirring bits of something in doesn't make it the liquid form of that thing.

[@heathriley3692]

@@prariedog7875 -- I'm being cheeky, but essentially, that's the only way to do something like that. Logs are carbon, water, and various other components. Mostly in the form of cellulose and sugars. If you break the fibrous structures down through chemical or mechanical means, you'll get a 'pulp' or paste, depending on how dry the log started. You'd probably need to add water to get it more soupy than gloopy. In its purest form, that's how you make paper. Wood, effort, water, then pressure. If you want white paper, bleach it. In cartoons and other fiction, you get sound-waves liquefying this or that material, but if you look at the concept of what they're doing, they're breaking the fibers. During earthquakes and other events, the 'solid' ground can go through liquefaction, where the solid behaves as a liquid. I wasn't trying to be dismissive, only pointing-out an avenue of thought people overlook. Take a look at the question, break it down into the core concept, then think of how to achieve the result.

[@heathriley3692]

@@Tectonix26 -- I took the question of how do you make wood become liquid. Wood is fibrous carbon and water. The carbon is in the sugars and structural cellulose and so on. There's some water unless it has been dried over time, then there's very little water. Wood in a molten state is fire. Okay, apply heat to wood, and in the presence of oxygen, it burns. Limit the oxygen, and you get charcoal. It's carbon . . . No longer wood. Keep heating it, and you'll refine the carbon a bit, but it doesn't really get molten and liquid. A quick search shows another form of the question: www.yalescientific.org/2010/05/everyday-qa-can-you-melt-a-wooden-log/ Apparently, when carbon passes 3,550C, it sublimates and doesn't 'melt' so to speak.

[@Death319319]

I think the point of the fridge scene was that in the 50s-60s, fridges were lead lined, and lead is used in radioactive shielding. Not that the fridge was thick enough even if that was the case.

[@null6858]

We actually already make "liquid wood" which is just particle board which just glued together wood.

[@cherrydragon3120]

My food tasted weird when you were talking about the slurping intestines like spagethi

[@DogWalkerBill]

VACUUMS IN SPACE! 1) If you were in zero G, the angular motion of the spinning vacuum fan would transfer to you and spin you in the opposite direction of the fan's spin. Hold on tight! 2) If you were in zero G, in a place with air, the vacuum would suck in air from the front and push it out the back, into and through the vacuum bag. This would create forward thrust and accelerate you forward, while spinning, at least to the end of the electric cord. There the thrust would pull out the electric cord and you would continue forward due to inertia. 3) If you were in zero G, in a place with no air (IN SPACE!), there would be nothing (or too little of anything) for the fan to pull or push. You would spin in place, due to the fan's spin, but not move forward. You would also suffocate from lack of air to breathe. (The lack of air pressure might do other unpleasant things to your body too.)

[@Wiseguy150]

I'm probably too late to this for Kyle or the guy who asked the question to read, but taking a stab at the liquid wood question, I think what the guy meant was can wood at the molecular level exist as a liquid or a gas, much like the elements on the periodic table can exist in 3 forms. If so, then based on that assumption, then I would guess no, you cannot have liquid wood (or gas wood) in the same sense as you can have liquid iron or even gas iron (in theory if heated enough) because the elements that make up "wood" are not only bonded together making it hard to break, but also each element has a different melting point making it hard, if not impossible for all of the wood to do be present before it just burned away if you tried to melt solid wood. Just my thoughts, I don't know the technical side of it all but...

[@atk05003]

21:45 - I propose that the minimum distance at which a household refrigerator allows you to survive a nuclear blast be called the "Jones Radius".

[@jeremyhamrick5769]

Something I’ve always wondered. In avatar the last air bender, we see people struck by a fire bender’s fire and they fly backwards on impact. How is this possible if flame itself doesn’t have mass? Fire is the combustion of materials and the materials themselves have mass but it’s always been my understanding that flame has no mass. Are they being pushed by the rush of air hitting them as the fire hits them? Love the show 🙂

[@dokuujin1851]

I feel like speed wouldn't work for basketball. They'd get fined for traveling all the time, being impossible to prove if they dribbled or not.

[@mrwidget42]

Another interesting problem in the series about "unlikely" things you can dissolve in water: How much blackboard chalk can you reliably dissolve in a swimming pool, and how long would it take? I had this problem in 1st year Chem so I know the answer but it would be a goody for other people to blow a brain cell on ")

[@battlefieldcustoms873]

i love the basics idea. that would be a fantastic series and help me so much on my own calculations. !

[@abg218666]

Hey hey hey, you CAN make liquid wood if you heat it up in a vacuum. With no air, it can't burn, so it just gets hotter and hotter until it melts.

[@xelasoccer]

For the vacuum, wouldn't it depend on the direction of the exhaust? I believe in zero-g and atmosphere you would have to consider the direction of the intake and exhaust of air as it travels through the vacuum. For example if they are directly opposing each other they would cancel out and you would get no motion (I think?), but if they point in the same direction they should move you in the opposite direction. That being said I don't know how bending the air as it travels through the vacuum would affect this if it does at all.

[@yurimow]

20:17 the fridge in indiana jones has "lead lined" written on it, because common knowledge tells you that lead makes ionizing radiation magically disappear. The truth is that mass, any mass, reduces radiation. A lead lined fridge would just reduce the radiation indiana is exposed to, just like an aluminium, steel, concrete or styrofoam fridge of equal mass (more or less). Lead is just commonly used for radiation shielding because of its relatively high density and low price. And by looking at the intensity of the shockwave that hits the fridge: A) indiana can consider himself lucky if the radiation dose got reduced from acute radiation sickness to just 99% chance of getting cancer within a year and B) a styrofoam box would have been the better choice.

[@xeroterragoth1866]

20:52 Regarding the vacuum bit - you're neglecting the fact that most vacuums also have a vent which ejects air that has had the dirt filtered out of it. If this was pointed backwards (the way you would face if you "rode it like a witches broom," wouldn't the force be cancelled out and result in a net movement of zero? Of course, I may be wrong because I'm thinking of it sort of like a turbine. Or maybe a turbine with a bend in it? Perhaps it depends on the type of vacuum in question, I believe some of them use turbine-like mechanisms to create "suction" as well. All I know is the vacuum I have spits out air in 2 directions as well as "sucking" up dirt. Also, I didn't think the roller bar creates suction...I had assumed that was a separate function (since my vacuum has a button to turn the roller bar off for example).

[@xeroterragoth1866]

btw love the props you gave to Toonami lol

[@maxcar7298]

A refrigerator can't save you from a nuclear blast, but can keep you cool

[@Anthonybrother]

cool to know

[@MarcusLins]

If Gambit changes Potential Energy into Kinnectic Energy, while he is charging the card, his arms are acting as a coil (kinnectic means some velocity, that is contained by his arm retracted, before he release, not throw, the card). So, he must be pretty strong only to hold his cards while charging.

[@blight040]

Who wouldn't want Mr. Fantastic's power. That would be so darn useful and fun.

[@patrickdavis8271]

Congratulations on your 1 year anniversary! Well done!

[@willinwoods]

Happy anniversary! Thanks for all the informative and entertaining content, keep going with that contagious positivity and energy!

[@niallpearce8043]

Air flowing into a vacuum cleaner flows out again either through the bag or through the filters and vents in a Dyson. So there's be no riding it like modern witch.

[@jag519]

I can't believe this channel is a year old. I eel like it was just yesterday when this became its own channel.

[@clockhanded]

Kyle! Dude!! Man! I have a great question for you in my hauty opinion. Have you found any video games that allow you to use your civil engineering, mathmatics, and general science knowledge? Racing simulators like Forza allow a great amount of inputs that can alter the physics of a vehicle and I wonder if having a science background would improve my game.

[@wyldride]

Night Crawler could take the ball and teleport over to a dunking position immediately. Plus he could spice things up if he used his tail.

[@MostlyPennyCat]

Gases dissolving in water. This is the best I got. Take some water, in a bottle, force CO2 into it. This is now fizzy water. Except it isn't, it's a weak carbonic acid. It's a mixture of H2O and H2CO3 (H2O + CO2) (Except it isn't, because liquids, anions, solvents, blah) But only at above ambient pressure (which means sealed in a bottle) Once it's returned to ambient pressure, it boils. Creating liquid water and co2 gas. And a flat drink. It's terrible for your teeth too. You're putting a boiling acid in your mouth. A very weak one, not very energetic. But long term it does damage your teeth and that's without adding sugar and flavourings

[@MrDreddBeard]

Happy anniversary! Love the channel and all your videos, keep’em coming and here’s to another great year!

[@rune12358]

Re: If space had air and you tried to ride a vacuum cleaner. You would have created a very inefficient jet engine, pushing yourself along due to the air you are pushing behind you... if you push air behind you. If the vacuum releases the air in several directions, the reaction vectors of all the pushed molecules could very well cancel out. Or spin you in place.

[@shirleynapoleone]

Congratulations on one year!! I have a question: how can you scientifically explain telekinesis?

[@scottskene8387]

Oh man. The great hair. The rock climbing. If Kyle ever went climbing in the wild, it would totally be the beginning of MI:2 XD

[@sterlingmarsh7999]

The fridge in the Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull was also lead-lined, not aluminum, and was a fairly old fridge! May wanna check out the opening scene.

[@Rich_ard]

Goodness the vacuum question deserved about 10 seconds of dialog.

[@ChrisZacho]

I love how you overly complicated why a vacuum cleaner wouldn't push you in space to the point of incomprehensibility. I would have just said "Because there isn't enough air in space for it to suck" and left it at that.