Demonstrating atmospheric pressure 💨🧪

[@jgetscensored7837]

I said in my head: the candles will go out. So technically…. I mean, I was right…

[@brucem6442]

See!!! Thats what I was screaming aswell. We were definitely correct 😂

[@philliporsit]

Water is just an illusion of the fire going out. We are right he is wrong

[@MACHOO179]

Same here, but I'm still struggling with exactly how the candles went out 🤔 😅

[@Isthatyoudermot]

The candles didn't go anywhere 😂

[@geraldmcgerald3014]

Wrong… The candles burned up the oxygen.

[@fiftyfat]

The answer is both a result of the combustion and of thermal expansion of the gases. With a lower heat output and a floting candle you see multiple phases to the experiment. Sometimes bubbles get out of the glass just after you put it (initial thermal expansion of the gas) then you see a small rise of the level of the water as the flame start being shoked out, then the fire stop and the water level raises more rapidly. Another easier way to see all the steps is to take the vase and put candle inside then close the top with a cut balloon (far form the flame) you will see the ballon swell then it will be sucked in after the flame is extingished.

[@hcnagaraj]

Dude what happens to corbon dioxide? You can observe the difference by keeping a little bit of KOH. KOH absorb CO2 and it becomes K2C03 which is solid. More water will rush in

[@mikezappulla4092]

@@hcnagarajpeople don’t have that stuff lying around.

[@noelbrown6771]

Hard boiled egg instead of balloon

[@Ziaullahkhan5459]

Genius student 😂❤❤❤

[@michael.forkert]

_The candles warm the air inside, which is expelled into the blue water with a bubble, leaving the inside of the glass empty of air, or without any pressure inside. The difference of atmospheric pressure pushes the water into the glass._

[@anwarmario1125]

He said because the air cools allowing the atmosphere pressure to push the water inside the vase..but I'm with you.

[@tysimon]

Yup, kinda farted before sucking the water in.

[@FarazdakAltamimi]

What you mentioned does not happen instantly as shown in the video, but rather the air loses heat slowly and gradually, and part of the air that has expanded due to heating comes out, but it does not leave behind a vacuum because the remaining air is still hot and its pressure is equal to atmospheric pressure. What happened is a rapid consumption of oxygen, which constitutes 21% of the air, which is the same percentage that the blue water occupied of the volume of the tube.

[@OpenGL4ever]

@@FarazdakAltamimi Have you tested your theory with 99 % oxygen?

[@6806goats1]

@@tysimonI thought the same at first, it socked the water in. But it created a vacuum relative🎉 to the atmosphere and the higher pressure pushed the water in. Fine line I guess, results are the same.

[@waroftheworlds2008]

Fun equation for gasses: PV=nRT Your idea would be right, but instantly cooling the gas enough to do that would require around a 60°C (or 60°K) drop. However, you can adjust the "n" (number of molecules) in the gass with the reaction that is already taking place.

[@heywait925]

can you break down where the 60k drop came from? Also for air heated to 100s of degrees for the flame to be put out, I can believe that the air cooled quick enough for that to be feasible. Also, candles burning means conversion of a formerly solid substance into gases, so n should increase? C(n)H(2n-2)O2 + (n)O2 -> (x)H2O + (y)CO2 + (z)CO Im guessing a little on the fuel, as most candle wax are made of esters. and other burn products, some solid some liquid. I think looking at that equation even partial burning produces more gas molecules than were originally present?

[@kayjay135]

​@@heywait925 I'm just gonna do the math here without first checking it: To come up with that delta, I would also use the ideal gas formula pV=nRT. Once for the initial state and once for the end state. n I'd assume constant and p would be equal once everything equalized. We can see that V2 = 2/3 * V1. Now let's move the formula around: pV = nRT -> V/T = nR/p since n, R and p is constant, we have: V1/T1 = n*R/p = V2/T2 -> V1/T1 = V2/T2 -> V1 * T2 = V2 * T1 now let's replace V2 with 2/3 * V1 -> V1 * T2 = 2/3 V1 * T1 -> T2 = 2/3 T1 which we can now plug into the formula for the delta: ΔΤ = T1 - T2 = T1 - 2/3 T1 = 1/3 T1 ( or = 1/2 T2) So for ΔT = 60K, you'd need to assume T1 to be 180K, which leaves us with T2 = 120K. Both of these numbers are 100K below freezing, which is not possible. So maybe he came up with that number some other way. I however don't think n changes significantly and that this rough estimate should be in the ballpark, so let's find reasonable Ts. The flame was bright yellow, which means it was about 1300K. That's our upper limit for T1. The lower limit for T2 is about 300K, aka room temperature (rounded). That gives a range of ΔT between 1/2 T2_lower and 1/3 T1_upper, so: ΔT should be between 150K and 400K (yes 433K bite me). When I do this stuff for myself, I don't spread out every single operation, I just did here so anyone reading can follow. If anything n would increase, but I really don't think it's significant. We are mostly trading O2 for CO2, or?

[@davesantiago1827]

Pv=nrt. You are absolutely correct. Simple entropy. Now show me an experiment that has a gas pressure gradient next to a vacuum without a physical barrier separating the two. Not possible correct? Congratulations we just debunked the heliocentric nonsensical model together.

[@waroftheworlds2008]

@heywait925 60° is from the 20% volume change (approximately what I saw in the video). By I assumed nothing else changed, and there enough variables in that equation that the temperature doesn't need to change that much if something else changes.

[@kayjay135]

@@waroftheworlds2008 if we use V2 = 4/5 V1 (instead of my assumption of 2/3 V1), then we end up with ΔT = 1/5 T1 -> T1 = 5 ΔT now plugging your suggested ΔT of 60K gives us T1= 27°C and T2 = -33°C. So, either one of us made an error or we need to call the physics police.

[@bl8550]

No, partially correct. Step 1: Oxygen consumed, then candles extinguish. Step 2: Warm air trapped in vase cools, then air contracts. Step 3: Lessened air volume per Boyle's law creates suction that pulls the water.

[@mariomena202]

Thats what I thought too that the cool air created a vacuum. And it breaks the vacuum by letting water in.

[@mark8327-u5f]

Same but the guy on the video said its not.

[@AndrewLT07]

​@@mariomena202its the same thing. The vacuum is created by a greater atmospheric pressure from the outside than on the inside

[@sassdcc8692]

If the oxygen is consumed and air quantity is reduced. What happens to the oxygen? And why doesn't the carbon dioxide produced in the burning does not increase the air quantity?

[@AnkhGirl]

My inner science nerd is so happy to read this!!🤓🔬

[@jamesmatheson5115]

Simply the candles used up the oxygen then cooled down and created a vacuum, which sucked up the water, you can do the same thing using a bottle and steam, when the steam cools it creates a suction.

[@romlyn99]

For the candles to go out, the burning candles consume all of the oxygen in the small space. The water prevents more oxygen moving into the small space, then the candles go out. So to be more accurate, the candles burning starts the process, which does involve the oxygen being consumed.

[@hmjeon8609]

O2 becomes some CO2 and some H2O. So the number of particles increased. So consuming the oxygen is not the reason.

[@GreenToomaToo]

@@hmjeon8609 but those particles lost heat source because of no oxygen to burn for the candle. So it is because no more oxygen than candle go out then heat source lost then cool down then water goes in. The cool down of the air is direct cause of water goes in but not the root cause. This is my point of view.

[@hmjeon8609]

@@GreenToomaToo You are right. Air cooling down is the reason.

[@Camaink1]

Creating a vacuum has something to do!

[@Africanaerial]

@@GreenToomaTooOxygen doesn’t burn.

[@rocklee5231]

I don’t think so. There is suction immediately. If the suction was caused by heat transfer, I’d expect a significant time delay as heat transfer is a relatively slow process. The combustion reaction turns molecular oxygen (low density) into carbon dioxide and water vapor/liquid (high density) basically immediately, so I think that is the more likely cause for the change in pressure. Edit: there was a comment made about combustion engines demonstrating that the pressure/volume must increase from the chemical reaction. I think they’re right about that, so my original explanation seems wrong to me now.

[@Maxi-xw1jb]

finally! a voice of wisdom here

[@465marko]

Right? I have a hard time believing that it cools that quickly to such an extent that the water goes up the tube. You'd think that would have to be a real quick drastic temperature drop.

[@bastiannenke9613]

Isn't the density of CO2 Higher because it contains the leftover carbon from the flame? So it's material from the candle and not Oxygen getting more dense. This would mean that the vacuum is not from the flame. Also, the flame already barely burns when the glass touches the water. There won't be much thermal mass inside everything either. From 200°C to 0°C, the density of air under atmospheric conditions doubles. 400°C to 0°C looks to be around ⅓. Since the glass introduces a relatively big thermal mass at low temperature while no new heat energy gets generated, I don't see a reason that it's NOT caused by the temperature change.

[@howardosborne8647]

​@@bastiannenke9613It is as you suggest just the temperature drop when the flame extinguishes that causes the drop in pressure inside the glass cylinder. This is exactly the same principle as seen with the Stirling engine cycle ....heat to expand the air volume and cool it down to contract it.

[@Maxi-xw1jb]

@@bastiannenke9613 does your cup of tea cool down like 50 degrees in a fraction of a second? That is nonsense. To cool down gas takes even more time than liquid.

[@SagittariusAstar1]

Carbon dioxide is about 160 times more soluble in water than oxygen, so when the oxygen combines with the carbon in the candles and produces carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide dissolves so quickly in the water that it pulls the water into the vase. Oxygen also combines with hydrogen in the candles to produce water, but the amount is very small.

[@johncolv]

Yes the CO2 dissolves Finally an anesthetist knows the answer !

[@sethrobinson28]

This is gonna save my life one day and I’ll look like a complete genius

[@rickwilliams967]

Probably not, but it's good to be smart.

[@Holy.HannaH]

Very likely. The majority of your hydration comes not from consuming liquids but is formed in the mitochondria of your cells as a by-product of energy production. Most of the time when a person feels thirsty they actually need an antioxidant to better clear out the CO2 that builds up. This is a major factor not only in natural aging & health but is also why some folks aren't affected by Covid versus those who die from it. And those folks put on respirators who were still unable to breathe? Their energy production by-products needed cleared so badly that they endured mitochondrial dysfunction to the extent their cells were no longer able to utilize oxygen & glucose for energy production at all. These same concepts also apply to global warming here on earth(regardless of how much we do or do not contribute to it), though there are obviously many more factors at play. Heck, you might be the next one building an ark😆🤷‍♀️

[@allen5455]

Yeah, but what about the uniformity of natural causes in an "open" system? Explain.

[@WhatmoralrightdoesUShave]

Wow this is cool. Kids should do experiments like this all the time in school

[@peachesandpoets]

We did in college they were called gravity bongs

[@thechemistamvs5033]

​@@peachesandpoets Hahahaha

[@thechemistamvs5033]

They did where I'm from. We used pressure to crush cans.

[@kenmanx1298]

We did... I was fortunate enough to have a excellent science teacher. (Mr. Rainy) We did a test with music and flowers. 6 student, as a team cared for 5 flowers. Another 6 students cared for a different set of 5 flowers. Group 1 chosen to play music for their set of flowers. Loud, annoying distasteful music, or should say noise that they could find. 2nd group chosen soft easy listening, beautiful, real music, for their flowers. The flowers were cared for equally... Proper water, sunlight good soil. The music was directed at each set for a select time each and every day. The surprise made the entire class take notice with excitement! The flowers from the first group, Bad, annoying sound of so called music, quickly became weak, punny, leaves falling off. The flowers from the 2 group flourished, became stronger, grew fast with vivid colors. The experience would never be forgotten. ( From the entire class)

[@neilbarnett3046]

Actually, they do. At least, they did in may classes, even more so in my boss's classes. Then the tests and exams came and her pupils could remember nothing about physics or chemistry, only the practicals. My classes got one lesson of theory for every two lessons with practicals. And they liked them for that reason. Some even said so. Some just hated me on principle and because I wasn't a "fun" teacher.

[@Emc4421]

So cool! More of these please!!!

[@shanejsgable]

Then... Why did the water start moving into the base BEFORE the candles went out?

[@bogeyholetroll]

The water vapour starts condensing on the glass and liquid immediately.

[@shashankparanjape1700]

Yes, I had the same question. And after candle goes out, the water comes up so quick. Not sure does the air cools so quickly? In normal condition, it takes way longer.

[@harrydoherty8299]

if you you have any doubts about the reason this happens., than you must be a trump follower.😂😂😂😂

[@kobikozai3822]

@@harrydoherty8299uhhh why?

[@Dave5843-d9m]

Water was rising fast because he had such a big flame. Comparing with one candle would be interesting.

[@candyts-sj7zh]

The candles heat up the air, hot air expands which makes it rush out of the bottom. When the candles blow out, the air cools, causing an area of low pressure, which makes the atmosphere to push down on the water which makes the water go inside

[@AbongileMafevuka]

yes it is all to do with the pressure being lower inside

[@ramonortiz7462]

​@@AbongileMafevukaNot lower pressure but a vacuum

[@krissyhimes9357]

Love your videos! ❤❤❤❤❤

[@csrboltfan2643]

I thought a bunny rabbit would appear. I was wrong.

[@PendaPicturesKE]

😂😂😂

[@marclange9898]

This reads like the abstract of a really awesome scientific paper.

[@thisboidrawstuff]

great demonstration

[@Xizario2]

And wrong conclusion

[@RKulov]

Its because the air is hot and less dence. When you choke the heat source, the air inside cools off and compreses. Due to the vacuum inside the vase it sucks water from beneath due to the forces created from the compression of the air inside.

[@CatholicElectrician]

This is incorrect. Heat causes higher density, not lower. When the candles go out, the heat level decreases, causing a decrease in pressure. The outside water is under higher pressure, and moves to the lower pressure area inside the vase Also, it’s not a vacuum; it’s just a low-pressure space

[@RKulov]

@@CatholicElectrician heat causes higher pressure if the space is closed , if not it causes the molecules to spread more occupiing more space while having high energy when you remove the heat source, nothing is making them do that and they revert to normal state, more dense. Vacuum causes the water to go in because you cant get air through the water. Pressure equalizes both in and out.

[@seraphim8744]

I had no idea Glenn Beck was doing science videos. He's really diversifying!

[@ralanham76]

👍

[@Vykke]

Bill o'really as cameraman

[@jpt7342]

@@VykkeFuck it! We’ll do it live!

[@robw1927]

Nahh! Glenn, it because the blues came into extinguish the flame inside the dome of congress

[@jbrestless4180]

😂😂

[@theadu8808]

I actually thought his car would start running, but nope 😞

[@oprophetisfake9482]

He stopped making CO2 so China can make more.

[@Vmaxfodder]

No hydrocarbons

[@michaeld5591]

I absolutely love science, great stuff

[@raycharles2284]

Thanks science teacher

[@astat1]

Sometimes you think so hard about life and you forget to live it.

[@ou638]

Say my name

[@tonyciantar6417]

So yes, the candles heated the air, so the bubbles can be seen as he puts it over. But the candles do consume the oxygen, the combination of the two causes a vacuum which is filled by the water.

[@FatedHandJonathon]

This is incorrect, which he proved on this same channel two months ago in a rebuttal: kzbin.infokq_E-05Zv6s?si=ZLFKSLpleupVUqV_

[@deemdepot]

It consumes the oxygen, but produces carbon dioxide gas. It's the temperature that makes the difference.

[@neilbarnett3046]

@@FatedHandJonathon Don't use pronouns, what is your "This" here? Is it the demonstration, the teacher's explanation or the comment from tonyciantar6417?

[@neilbarnett3046]

Correct, though not perfectly so. Still, better than him and the naysayers that commented to you. There are SEVERAL things happening here. The hot air/combustion products do cool down and the water moves up under atmospheric pressure. However, the top three-quarters of the tube is not being cooled, so this is NOT everything, no matter how many times he says it is. Some of the oxygen is used up. Not all, because the candles burn until there is too little oxygen to support combustion. Carbon dioxide is produced, and it's hot, so it does cool and contract. But carbon dioxide also dissolves in water, though that takes time. We can probably assume this is not significant, but not ignore it. And some of the gases inside are vapourised wax, because so many candles are burning and solid wax doesn't burn, it's wax gas that burns and that flame is mostly unburnt wax. Some of that vapourised wax freezes on the inside of the cylinder, you can see it there and it WILL take very little time. So if he says it's not "X", it's "Y", that's only half the story. I shall make this a main comment in reply to the post...

[@FatedHandJonathon]

@@neilbarnett3046 I was responding to the top comment, not the video. Sorry for the pronouns. But I think you're misunderstanding the video. He's not saying "temperature change is the only thing happening here", he's saying "temperature change is the only thing causing the visible change in water level". Which is true. Yes, oxygen is consumed, and yes, eventually a negligible amount of the CO2 will dissolve in the water. A small amount of water vapor will also precipitate on the sides of the glass, too. But none of these things actually change the water height to an observable degree. That's all down to temperature and pressure. Also, you mentioned "vaporized wax"; is that true? What's the vapor point of candle wax? Surely even if it's below the combustion temperature, it can't stay gaseous for very long when exposed to the cooler air. I'd always understood that fire is mainly made up of CO2 and water vapor, not gaseous fuel. Is the fire from wood made of gaseous wood?

[@DanielMeier-ox5kc]

Thank you so much for this presentation. I feel an eternal debt of gratitude for you helping change the trajectory of my life.

[@carlosjduarte4557]

Finally someone gives a reasonable explanation.

[@michaelfriscia8166]

It's not reasonable there's no atmosphere inside to cool, it wouldn't cool at such a tremendous rate that it would suck the water that far up the glass a cold glass jar wouldn't do that. You can clearly see at the base of the glass structure that the liquid is being sucked in not pushed in.

[@mateusseer5353]

Pushe or pulled is the same in this context. The more correct way would be to refer to the action of a pressure differential. Interesting point about the temperature change. On possibility is that water condensation reducing gas volume plays a part. ​@@michaelfriscia8166

[@thomasb6434]

​@@michaelfriscia8166we're talking about (relative) pressure, there is no difference between pushed in and sucked in

[@emmettrice8700]

@@thomasb6434there is a difference tho, pushed implies force being applied from the outside while sucked implies force from the inside

[@JanneBernards]

@@emmettrice8700 What he's saying is that they are tied together. You can't have one without the other. The pressure outside the glass is higher than the pressure inside the glass. That's why the water gets sucked/pushed in. It's the same thing.

[@escarrot5089]

Dude just made potheads wanna invent a new way to smoke.

[@nonyia17]

Oh sweet child this way of smoking has been existed for decades

[@lilwrighto7793]

It’s called a bong

[@swagg6301]

@@nonyia17 Where? This isn’t a GB. This is completely different

[@nonyia17]

@@swagg6301 this is the exact same science a GB uses but upside down

[@rickwilliams967]

That's already a thing essentially. Basically a gravity bong. Just way more dangerous.

[@jerrysanchez5453]

More videos like this! Easy concepts for beginners to get excited about science

[@ko.ala.b]

atmospheric pressure is imPRESSive

[@onradioactivewaves]

My guess was we were going to get a lecture.

[@Muslim_Student]

🤣. You got an explanation, not a whole lecture. Trust me, my dad is a professional advisor for telecommunications and a former electrical engineer he lectures me daily at any moment he is in the same room as me.😭 This wasn't a lecture it was an explanation 🥲 I've had way too many lectures of long monologues to let the definition change. 🫠🫠

[@onradioactivewaves]

@@Muslim_Student my dad was an electrical engineer too. But somehow, I have a sense of humor😉 There's only 10 ways to become an electrical engineer- no sense of humor, or social ineptitude.

[@Muslim_Student]

@onradioactivewaves hey my bad I forgot to add the emoji "🤣". The whole tone of the message is now sterile 🥲.

[@onradioactivewaves]

@@Muslim_Student yep, thats how humor goes in engineering....

[@Muslim_Student]

@@onradioactivewaves What have you decided to study? im almost done my first yr of EE

[@Plastik13]

The paraffine combustion reaction is C20H42(s) + 41 O2(g) ---> 20 CO2(g) + 21 H2O(g). The number of molecules of gas remains the same (41). So the pressure in the vase does not go down because there is less gas. But for temperature, it cools down but not lower than the temperature outside the vase ???

[@brianmckay3996]

The flame did consume the oxygen and was drawn up into the gas cylinder / jar. Even if you heated up everything before covering candles or just used 1 candle which wouldn't heat the air that much, the coloured water would still be drawn up into the vase to replace the consumed oxygen.

[@dragons_red]

The the gaseous oxygen doesn't take up anywhere NEAR the mass space the liquid does and the oxygen is being replaced with other products as a result of the combustion reaction

[@stevethea5250]

Might be my new Fav science channel

[@MisbegottenPhilomath]

Those who also successfully got it before he explained 👇

[@ritantareprises7967]

First oxigen will go off it creates vacuum so water comes in cool water reduce the temperature and makes more vacuum

[@oztiryaki1]

This is because the volume of CO2 is far more lower than the same amount of O2. As soon as the O2 trapped into the glass box turns into CO2 the inner gas volume shrinks drastically and despite the higher temperature inside, which essentially should have increased the pressure inside, the inner gas pressure drops fast and gets lower than the outer atmosphere pressure due to negative volume change inside. As a consequence the solution gets sucked into the box due to a vacuum effect.

[@dheerendrapatelch1styear224]

Vacuum pressure is created inside the bottle after putting on the plate

[@angelarredondo611]

Hmm i think it’s the oxygen thing tho, kinda like the suction cups done with fire

[@carultch]

The problem is, that the fire doesn't just take oxygen out of the air, without also replacing it with other gasses. Each oxygen molecule is replaced with a CO2 molecule, so there is no net loss in the population of gas molecules. The net loss in the population of gas molecules contained within the beaker, comes from the hot air expanding beyond the container, and only a fraction of the original molecules are stored within it when it is hot. Once it cools down, the gas takes up less space, and sucks in the water from below. Technically the surrounding atmosphere pushes it.

[@el7284]

The oxygen doesn't go anywhere. It combines with carbon to firm carbon dioxide.

[@Xizario2]

​@@carultchparafin is not pure carbon it is carbohydrate. Half of the oxygen binds to hydrogen and results in water. The other half results in CO2. Water is liquid and takes less space.

[@Xizario2]

​@@el7284candle is not pure carbon. Hydrogen produces H2O when burned not CO2

[@Patricia-_-.-_0220]

I LOVE science !

[@lyonzdentv1857]

Memory unlocked! This was my actual 5th grade science project 😂

[@scottnemesh2804]

Samesies! I remember feeling cool because I was allowed to handle fire 🔥

[@thebusiness70]

Every pothead knows this trick…including me😂

[@nerdyguyD679]

Gravity bongs are great lol

[@chronixdubz]

Hey hey hey 😂 I'm not off work yet don't remind me I'm going home to put my vase on my candles soon 😂

[@edrud784]

I think with absence of oxygen partial vacuum is created and atmospheric pressure pushes the water surface. Adhesion forces also aid in suction of water in to the tube.Try the same experiment using a tube two open ends to prove water rushes in because of heat.

[@carlosjduarte4557]

If someone took the time and assume the flame of those candles is somewere below 1200 degC and assume the cilinder is 300 mm long and maybe 100 mm of diameter and the final temperature inside of the cilinder is approximately 100 degC. Would discover, using the law of gases, that the height reached by the column of water, when finally cools down, corresponds almost exactly to the difference of pressure due the change of temperature of the gas inside.

[@scottdaniels3033]

Show this with heat vison camera. Lets test the hypothesis that the gasses cooled and condensed as you suggest. Wink wink. Great clip. Keep these coming.

[@Shahpo]

It’s a very calculation. Don’t need a camera.

[@Shahpo]

Very easy*

[@dragons_red]

​@@Shahpo math isn't necessarily reality, that works for scientists not laymen being taught principle

[@Shahpo]

​@@dragons_red you're right

[@TheRealMycanthrope]

Wink wink? Tf you winking about?

[@celebratedrazorworks]

Thank u. I understand it all now. Quite amazing. Locality, compression, transmutation, energy, boundary, variance, & flow.

[@navneethgopal9521]

So when air cools down the level comes down? Nooooo….cooling might be causing some reduction in levels but majority of this is because oxygen is consumed by the burning candles

[@ImaginationStationOH]

Where there's no external air exchange, the oxygen consumed by the burning candles would indeed lead to a reduction in air levels. However, it's still important to note that matter, including oxygen, isn't destroyed in this process-it's simply converted into different compounds.

[@WhiteCollarCrimeDNB]

​@@ImaginationStationOHwhich creates a vacuum. You are wrong about this.

[@dnomyarnostaw]

​@WhiteCollarCrimeDNB No, he's not. 1 litre of O2 produces about the same amount of CO2. Not much Carbon in 4 little Candles.

[@WhiteCollarCrimeDNB]

@@dnomyarnostaw ah yes. Not much carbon in sticks made of hydrocarbons.

[@jeffhall768]

​​@@WhiteCollarCrimeDNB the "stick" doesn't burn. Only the wick. Most of the stick is wax that doesn't burn. This is a really simple exercise to show how gases radically change density relative to temperature. If he heated the glass with a torch, it would push all the fluid out of the glass eventually.

[@DuderofDudeness]

My head when he asks: Durrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr **short circuit spark**

[@mixter7x7]

The water moves into the vase because when the air cools - the pressure drops - drawing the water in from the outside. Without the PRESSURE DROP / differential - the water will not move.

[@FLOODOFSINS]

I think you need to do this in first person perspective and put a vase over your entire body while you're holding a candle while standing in water. That's the only way we're all going to be able to believe you.

[@eco-futuredesigngroup4161]

😅😅😅😅

[@jeffbeck8993]

Whether you believe it or not makes no difference to the scientific fact.

[@pawedobrosz152]

I can see some people argue, that the oxigene consumption also pays role. Guys, that's not how the chemistry of this reaction works. We have: C + O2 => CO2 So basically, the exact same ammount of gas is produced (every type of gas takes up the same volume for the same ammount of particles) So unless the burning is extremally inefficient (which we would see by the charcoal formation), there isn't much gas volume reduction due to the reation. Really all there is is the pressure change due to the temperature drop

[@เมืองน้ําดํา]

If a small candle is used instead, you can see that the level of water slowly rises up the bell jar even before the flame goes out. The temperature inside the bell jar increases and yet the water rises up. Another explanation?

[@NESoldier]

Correction: No AIR INSIDE. Only pressure. Yes the pressure balances out with mediums available to move. The glass also pulled in as well. Just not so much that it shattered the glass. Explain how the spin vortexed which is why the liquid went up instead of pushing the water away. The pressure in reverse would create a rapid change of pressure the other direction...

[@NESoldier]

Also oxygen is a pressure medium not an actually thing. Pressure mediums change and are measurable but dont really exist.

[@mitchellcox1912]

Pressure differential inside and outside the vase. Like a vacuum, something has to replace what was taken away in order to equalize the Pressure. You created two different atmospheres. You created an air conditioner.

[@ampsvolts4737]

The reason is because the oxygen combined with carbon to form carbon dioxide and carbon dioxide occupies less volume than O2 this leads the pressure to decrease inside then pumps the liquid inside

[@gravimotion_Coding]

Quick question: The heat from the candles expands the volume of the air in the cylinder. So first the air is pushed out of the cylinder due to heat. And when it cools down after the candles consumed all the oxygen and turned out, it cools down and the missing air pressure is compensated by the water. Correct? I think the first Part is missing in the video

[@MihaVatovec]

This is so fascinating and completely without any use at the same time

[@josephbeno3053]

The oxygen is converted into denser co2 which produces a vacuum.

[@andresipm]

No… what happens is that when the hot gases inside cool down when the fire extinguishes, they compress due to the V=P.T law genating a low pressure inside, and hence a suction of the water below.

[@josephbeno3053]

@@andresipm Wrong. Just light a candle inside a 2 liter plastic bottle. As the flame is burning the bottle crushes before the flame dies out.

[@andresipm]

@@josephbeno3053say wrong to Harvard physicists then: Read the conclusions in this article: misconceptions.science-book.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/Chap2-1.pdf

[@andresipm]

@@josephbeno3053 people.math.harvard.edu/~knill/pedagogy/waterexperiment/

[@brucewayne3602]

absolute mysticism ... Thankyou !!!

[@realms4219]

You forgot to mention it first heats up, and any excess air is pushed out the bottom. This happens before it goes out and cools down.

[@cremebrulee4759]

Very interesting lesson. Thanks!

[@techno.science]

Its because the air pressure is lower inside the glass. Air moves from high to low pressure.

[@savagesnayle301]

So put is another way when the candles go out the air cools contracts and lowers air pressure compared to the air pressure outside the tube.. So it is because the candles to out. And they go out because they have no oxygen left to fuel their burn, the water sealing them of from any renewable source.

[@DefinitelynotFBIagent37]

flat earthers minds freeze with this type of knowledge

[@mca4u]

Yes, but why do the candles go out? That's right, because there is no air to sustain the flames, which is why the water rushes in after the differencial in water pressure. If the candles don't go out, the water never rushes in.

[@29weMEOW]

I really like these kind of educational short.

[@BillSmith-fx7xx]

3 things, 1. The heated air should expand, pushing the water out. Eh ? 2. Heated air would rise but it has nowhere to go. That would still keep the water out. Right ? 3. Use a non-oxygen consuming heating element to test the heated air concept. 😊

[@diwankhongwet5167]

It depends on how much volume of oxygen consumed by that flame inside a vase during that time( seconds). That same volume of oxygen consumed will be re-filled by anymeans either by water or by air( if the vase cracked). This is equilibrium.

[@gerrylyndeleon4236]

To prove it right, there must be a second experiment be done inside a vacuum room where there is no atmospheric pressure acting as the one responsible for the liquid to be pushed upward inside the glass, because it seems to me that sucking pressure inside the glass is the one responsible for the liquid to go upward inside the glass. A sucking pressure is being created after air is consumed by the fire inside the glass and that is why the liquid is going upward inside the glass. A second experimentation must be done inside a vacuum room eliminating atmospheric pressure to prove whether the atmospheric pressure is the one responsible for the liquid to rise up inside the glass or was the sucking pressure is the one responsible for the liquid to go up inside the glass and then we can get the right conclusion.

[@ValStilwell]

What you’re trying to tell me is that the rapid cooling of previously (expanded) heated air causes a vacuum - the atmospheric pressure has to be less than 14.7 psi in the vase, hence the vacuum created by rapidly cooling air, in order for the water to suck up into the vase. Unless there’s a seal, the water reaches equilibrium relatively fast and the final water line inside and outside the vase only rises equal to the amount of displacement by the rim of the glass vase in the water.

[@anzacmick8559]

i was always taught that the water moves in because the 20% atmospheric oxygen was used up by the candle flame until extinguished

[@user-mmm001]

А причина в быстрой конденсации водяного пара, который образовывается при горении органических веществ. Объём воды более чем в 1200 раз меньше объёма водяного пара

[@learnhub-x6c]

Thats awesome🌟🌟

[@shishirkumarmisra]

Warm air moves upwards creating a low pressure underneath(sometimes vaccum)...the air around, gushes towards this low pressure zone to neutralize the pressure..resulting in forcing the liquid to move along..

[@yodaami]

So by that logic, once it warms up the water level should drop. And it doesn’t! I’ve done this lots and lots of times and the water level stays the same . It stays up because the water vapour produced condenses and a lot of the CO2 dissolves in the water. It’s doesn’t quite reach the 20% change for loss of oxygen but it’s pretty close.

[@pushpakumardaniel3751]

Great demonstration! A simple example of atmospheric pressure would be the question: What holds up the water in a bubble top water can?

[@user-0ilze3zjfz]

While I appreciate you demonstrate how it happens and why it happens, it will even be more interesting to the viewers like me who wonder where it is used in real life and would love to see it in action. Thank you for all your efforts.

[@jordanmattke378]

Some people are close with PV = nRT are very close however. Using this equation, if you reduce your number of gas molecules inside the temperature from 3 to 1, the pressure inside the glass reduces 3X. Say he instantaneously increased the temperature inside the glass by 100 C and then it instantaneously dropped back to normal, you are changing the temperature from say 400 K to 300 K. That would only reduce the pressure 1.3X. Therefore, basic balanced chemistry is 2.5 times stronger than even impossible the impossible temperature changes proposed in this video.

[@jk35260]

The number of gas molecules per unit volume is constant at fixed temperature, pressure and volume - Avogadro's Law. When the vase goes over the flame, the temperature inside goes up. The causes the gas molecules inside the vase to flow out as the gas inside expand. Thus there is fewer molecules per unit volume inside the vase. Once covered, the molecules inside the vase cannot escape. This causes the pressure inside to rise as the air inside warms further but this ends quickly because the flame consumes the oxygen inside quickly. The air inside cools back and thus contracts causing the water level inside the vase to rise.

[@thefuture12]

Actually, it's more like hot and expanded air from the candles replaces the air in the tube, and when the candle is off, it cools.

[@ManyHeavens42]

That's why it doesn't take much electricity to open a wormhole, Your really Kool

[@pauloviniciusgilalabarse8292]

Actually it is related to combustion product: H2O, or simple water. When water is produced in gas form, it occupies the same volume. Buuut, when it liquify, it changes its volume, then, sucking the water because pressure inside changes. To proof it, change the glass into something 100C hot and add a solution made of oil also at 100C. The water will not liquify and there will be no movement after the candles goes off.

[@davidseed2939]

note that for every molecule of oxygen O2 that burns, it is replaced by a molecule of CO2 so at the same temp. you would have the same pressure

[@bland9876]

Apparently if you have a candle higher up that doesn't get hit by the water and then you were to somehow light that candle then the air would expand back out but once the candle went out the air would go back to the same level so the water level wouldn't rise higher. I saw a video on here explaining it better than I can.

[@nickbutter9270]

Awesome... Never too old to learn something. Reminds me of the old PBS show Mr Wizard

[@ahmedagack1557]

For science grads out there: what factors affect the variation of pressure ? basically how is the cooling related to the variation of pressure. is it the sudden drop in temperature? is it the prior effect of the heat on air molecules? if memory serves me right gases expand under there influence of heat no? so is the cooling the reverse effect of this expansion, creating a vacuum that the expanded gases previously filled? and if yes what would happen if the whole tray itself is encased in another vacuum bell which has internal pressure superior to atmospheric pressure?

[@AZ-sv8yg]

Atmospheric pressure does not push the water up. It is the lower pressure of the air in the jar that shrinks and sucks the water up.

[@AZ-sv8yg]

@Toastcado No, it is not just semantics. It is physics. One step triggers the next, and this makes all the difference.

[@sridharbabu7857]

As temprature high in the bottle so pressure also will be hight than outer area...so when we cover bottle outer low pressure air goes to High pressure area and removing the water

[@TheTechpire]

Assuming the water could not get it, that could cause an implosion due to pressure difference (pressure in the vase < atmospheric pressure) right?

[@martin128]

I have problem with this explanation. I think water would still raise if you would light the candle if it was in the glass. Or the other way to think of it would be that you would extinguish the candles the moment you put the glass over candles and touch water, and see if water would raise, if its just the heat.

[@NabilNassiri]

Here’s the sequence of events leading to the observed water rise: 1-The lightening candle: It consumes oxygen and produces heat and CO₂. 2-Oxygen depletion: The available oxygen decreases, slightly lowering the air pressure inside. 3- Candle extinguishes: The flame goes out due to lack of oxygen. 4- Rapid cooling: The air inside cools quickly, contracting and reducing the internal pressure. 5- Water rises: The higher atmospheric pressure outside pushes the water into the tube to balance the pressure difference.

[@infinite4809]

finally an actual science guy on shorts that isnt ai bot thing. nice trick

[@jimmythorpe65]

It’s true what you say but if you deliver the wedge more true to its loft and strike more from the bottom grooves that’s what creates that spin. Same for all clubs but obviously more desirable with the wedges

[@Rin-oo9pf]

I would like further experiments providing that it's the heat and not the oxygen consumption. To me it looks like the candles go out at exactly the same moment the water starts going in

[@Brother_Piner]

I actually did say that the water would get sucked into the vase, and thought it was gonna be another standard science explanation. Then you acknowledged my expectations and told me the reason it happens, which I actually didn’t know. Neat.

[@2ninga]

Well the candles put the molecules in a higher energy state, making them take up more volume (less dense), when the candles go out they start to return to their original energy state (becoming less dense)

[@ssergium.4520]

Oh so… hot air expands the air, some of it gets out, then the candle goes out, the trapped inside air cools down and contracts leaving a gap which is filled in by water due to atmospheric pressure pushing on everything, including the water.

[@robertjohnsontaylor3187]

This is only partially true. For the water rise the volume must decrease. The candles aren’t alight long enough to push the air out in order for the air to contract when cooled, basically the volume reduction is also due to the removal of oxygen, co2 is a denser gas

[@jamesmorgan6782]

Very informative and interesting, thanks.

[@mohasat01]

Your explanation ignores the consumption of oxygen by the fire after which the flame dies out. But that oxygen occupied volume as well and its consumption also takes part in lowering the pressure inside the vase. So, the pressure inside the vase is lowered by both the consumption (disappearance) of 21% of oxygen and the lowering of the temperature inside the vase after the flames go out. That lowered pressure inside the vase sucks in water.

[@philipmccrackeniii4575]

Consumes the oxygen, candles go out, so temp and pressure decrease... The water is pushed into the lower pressure area from the high pressure area

[@ahmedeltahlawy470]

The higher temperature in open system reduces the pressure, thats why the water gets into the vasse. And not the cooling effect in clsed system! . This system is open that is why the atmospheric pressure pushes the water in.

[@neilbarnett3046]

There are SEVERAL things happening here. * The hot air/combustion products do cool down and the water moves up under atmospheric pressure. However, the top three-quarters of the tube is not being cooled, so this is NOT everything, no matter how many times he says it is. * Some of the oxygen is used up. Not all, because the candles only burn until there is too little oxygen to support combustion. * Carbon dioxide IS produced, and it's hot, so it does cool and contract, though not in the warm top of the tube... Carbon dioxide also dissolves in water, though that takes time. We can probably assume this is not significant, but not ignore it completely. * We can ignore the nitrogen, except for contraction as it cools down, but again, the top "half" of the tube is still warm. * Now the big one; much of the gas mixture inside is vapourised wax, because so many candles are burning (solid wax doesn't burn, it's wax gas that burns) and that big yellow flame is mostly unburnt wax. Some of that vapourised wax freezes on the inside of the cylinder, you can see it there at the end and it WILL take very little time, and gases are 20 to 100 times the volume of their solid form, which matches what we see. * Using one candle is a better test, the smaller the better, but it's not spectacular enough to make yourself a name and a claim on KZbin... So when he says it's not "X", it's "Y", that's really only half the story, or maybe a quarter.