Implosion Titan Oceangate How it Happened | Submersible Submarine Parts

[@Aitelly]

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[@Potatoes137]

money

[@davidsuminski4243]

3:03 you call it a Submarine

[@looseunit1615]

Ouch

[@StephenJamieson]

Atrocious grammar Holy smokes

[@wyattcole5452]

10 million views already

[@kensmith3435]

I am a Naval Architect with submersible design training. You show the implosion as in crushing a can. It was way more violent. The atmosphere in the vessel was suddenly compressed by the pressure. It greatly heated. Think diesel engine times 20+. At high pressures and temperatures, air (O2 and N2) become reactive, and "burn" (combine into NOx, explode). Pressures get even higher, and a gas bubble forms. The pressure and temperature of the water cools and collapses the bubble. So the collapse is three events: sudden high pressure, an explosion, and collapsing of the gas bubble. Extreme mechanical violence lasting fractions of milliseconds.

[@Aitelly]

Thanks Ken Smith for your technical feedback 👍 .we love learning from Real Engineers.

[@karenhickson9210]

Absolutely. Thank You! ❤️

[@jessicaklaus8171]

You know, this is so tragic…but OceanGate if still a viable company, should be sued by the families. Just on principle alone. So so sad.😢

[@jessicaklaus8171]

Ken Smith, above, knew what would happen…and stated it succinctly and with few words. They had to know.

[@CheshireCad]

That's the weird thing about these kind of compression/decompression incidents. They're horrifyingly violent, so rapid and forceful that they seem to break the laws of physics. And yet, they're so infinitesimally fast, that there's no chance the victims even had time to register what was happening. They were dead before the signal from their eyes and ears could reach their brain.

[@caseroj6020]

Stockton Rush was a gambler who took unnecessary risks. Everyone in the deep submersible community with collective decades of experience designing and operating these craft told him it was unsafe. He metaphorically flipped them all the middle finger and went ahead with the project. The level of hubris, arrogance, recklessness on display was breathtaking. Here is a basic physics observation that explains why this tub was a disaster. It is well understood that a sphere is the most efficient shape to distribute large amounts of pressure equally across it's surface. As an engineer I was trained in college that equations and mathematical models are not perfect. There are lots of unknowns that we just don't understand in complex equations so we just invent a fudge factor into the equations. This "fudge factor" is where we lump all our ignorance about the system under study. Tell me do you want to risk your life riding a submersible designed using this approach?

[@Aitelly]

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[@cindyherget5196]

Perfectly penned and I enjoy reading the use of adult words being used as such. “The level of hubris, arrogance, recklessness on display was breath taking. “ Yes it’s mind boggling to understand the reckless disregard for human life and to think he could design a sub without the advice of those that have been testing and building them for decades “TESTING” what a novel idea! Who would have think that one with money would cheat the whole system and not hire the best people WITH EXPERIENCE! Well… sadly it took the lives of people that didn’t deserve to die, no one does. But usually the idiots sort themselves out eventually.

[@MJones-ix9vu]

💯

[@Merely]

Fudge Factor perfectly described the plot of Jurassic Park, too. They didn't have the entire DNA code to replicate dinosaurs, so, they used amphibian. Same result. Bad news.

[@safeandeffectivelol]

He was a sociopath and luckily he only killed 4 other people instead of hundreds or thousands

[@twwap294]

Stockton Rush was clearly insane. This thing was glued together, there are videos showing its construction. No one in the right mind would do that and expect it to stay together at 13,000 ft below sea level. The four passengers gambled their lives and lost. RIP

[@mangojulie123]

Three gambled their lives. The kid was forced to go by his father. He could have declined but felt he could not say no.

[@AnthonyDoesYouTube]

To be fair, it withstood previous trips, they even had previous models in use before this current one

[@bc123132123132]

Tbf, composites are strong because of the matrix "glue" structure. Perforations like bolts weaken the overall strength and pressure resistance.

[@WarpedYT]

I think the connection was the failure as well.

[@b.m.t.h.3961]

It wasn't fit to go in a pond, never mind the ocean. Rush was an utter prat.

[@Syntheticbreed]

I was a submariner in the U.S. Navy. My buddy brought this situation to my attention the Tuesday night after it went missing. As soon as I started looking into it, I knew immediately they were dead.

[@nebelwerfer199]

Even if I was the richest person in the world, seeing the Titanic wouldn't be something on my bucket list.

[@slowery43]

interesting that you honestly and clearly think anyone would be interested in you and your hypothetical scenario. You are not a thousadnaire let alone "the richest person in the world" nor will you ever be. You are not someone who anyone cares even a little about so why should anyone spend time pondering something about you? Crazy

[@joantonio6331]

The worst part is they they would not even see the titanic with their own eyes because it is too dark, they would watch on a HD screen... don't they know youtube?

[@kevinbarnes8762]

You mean you wouldn't want to spend 6 figures to see a rusty boat??

[@nebelwerfer199]

@@joantonio6331 💯

[@ShipyardWelder]

@@kevinbarnes8762 They just wanted to to do it because they can and have the money too. To bad it cost them their lives..

[@MiriamLedbetter]

The Titanic director explained that carbon fiber composite - the make of the Titan - is used very very successfully for internal pressure, for vessels like say, a scuba tank. But for something that sees external pressure, all of the advantages of carbon composites go away and all the disadvantages come into play, he said. “It was the wrong material for submersible hulls. You can have a number of successful dives and fail later. It is quite insidious,” Cameron said in the interview.

[@9999AWC]

That's why it's great for aircraft and terrible for subs

[@LegendsPizzaCo]

Yes from what I understand every dive down made the hull weaker and weaker. And eventually it was gonna implode.

[@lazaruscain3424]

Also the carbon fiber used in the hull was bought on the cheap from Boeing because it had passed its expiration date.

[@renelaboy1517]

It is insidious, because it weakens GRADUALLY, the fibers AND the glue. Just by exposing it to water. Imagine doing THAT at EXTREME pressures.

[@estlerd]

Kind of like pushing a rope. Seems stupid to me.

[@actonman7291]

From Human to Ketchup in a milisecond. RIP dudes.

[@thisguy9993]

At least it was quick.just seeing the silver lining that's all

[@manis8569]

They released the weights when they were down there to push themselves up. Which implies that they knew something was off

[@chinadoll534]

@@manis8569 oh wow then I’m sure was very scary for them

[@SeaBaconZ]

I’m pretty sure the brain takes 125 milliseconds to process pain And the eye 120 to see something :edit it’s 13 for the eyes

[@erossinema8797]

How frightening and creepy. They must have heard it loudly buckling and crackling first

[@celeina7872]

Imagine being that kid who knew exactly what was going to happen... Being in that tiny space for 8 hrs then dying. His epiphany was real and he knew and no one listened!

[@Lemorande]

Epiphany? Check a dictionary.

[@ManiyaVinas]

If this kid was a 19-year-old prostitute girlie you'd call her a woman/adult :)

[@aww8383]

It imploded within few minutes after diving.

[@hx5525]

@@aww8383kr, these people love their make believe stories. I would never understand how people thought that the submarine was lost and running out of air instead of the obvious.

[@mysterytour5983]

@@Lemorande Maybe English not the first language!

[@Peppermint1]

I did study mechanical aeronautics engineering. It is too early to point to the first component that failed, but for the sake of the discussion, I'm looking at a few different possibilities 1. The carbon/epoxy material is usually used to stand 'traction' forces - the carbon fibers are very resistant when pulling on them, which is how they work in aviation where the cabin pressure is higher than the exterior pression. On a submersible, the pressure relation is exactly the opposite : the exterior water pressure is much higher than the interior air pressure, so the carbon fibers are put in compression rather than tension. It's actually the epoxy resin that must stand the compression - and resin is not a great material for this purpose. Some compression was also supported by the titanium rings. There is another issue: the diving results in cycles on compression. This causes what is called material fatigue which in the long term will create microscopic cracks which will continue to increase in number and size. This may not be visible to the naked eye - in aeronautics there are various instruments that 'scan' the material for these cracks at a specified maintenance interval. I wonder if the submersible had such inspection program. 2. The acrylic 'dome' viewport appears to have been certified for only 1300 m depth (three times less than the actual diving depth of around 4000 m). Now, such component will always be designed to handle more pressure, by a certain factor of safety. Given the deep sea conditions (currents, etc) I imagine this factor was rather high - maybe a 2 or 3 or even 4. Which brings the actual resistance to close of 4000 m. However, once near the limit of resistance, it's a grey zone - it may resist for a while but this may depend on the number of cycles (dives) and may be very prone to failure at the slightest impact. On the debris recovered, this dome is absent from the supporting titanium ring which shows that if it's not the dome that collapsed first, then it didn't stand the shock of implosion, so the dome was already very close to the limit of physical resistance. 3. I did watch one of the videos filmed inside the submersible by a tourist. I was surprised to realize that the passengers and their belongings are not secured during a dive - which dive can happen at quite a steep angle. A moving object - such as a camera or some other heavier equipment, could easily slide and hit the viewport dome, causing a microcrack that can reduce the strength of the dome even more. There is also a diver working outside the sub during the surface preparation, this diver can also impact the viewport dome with his air tank. 4. The access hatch was secured with about 20 bolts tightened by hand. Tightening and releasing can cause fatigue cracks on these bolts. What is more, hopefully they used a torque wrench that was properly calibrated and verified before every use. In some videos, it appears a person is tightening these bolts quite in a rush.. this is a scenario that leaves place to mistakes. Finally, there appears to have been another serious risk : a fire inside the sub would have easily been catastrophic from a survival point of view. I'm not sure if there was a fire extinguisher but there doesn't appear to be oxygen masks for smoke. There were many electronic devices with li-ion batteries, which can be prone to sudden fire. Plus, even if the submersible would re-surface in emergency, the passengers could not exit the hatch which was bolted on from outside.

[@JayZone73]

They did not scan the hull of the submarine, the CEO insisted that existing methods for detecting imperfections in carbon fiber aren't capable of doing so on a hull as thick as the titans. It was this same line of thinking that encouraged the CEO into the belief that the hull would produce detectable faults through their improvised RTM alert system using acoustic emission sensors along the hull body long before the hull would have been compromised to the point of failure. Also did you mean to say that carbon fiber is usually used to stand tensile forces? If so, I would agree that carbon fiber composites are extremely resistant to tensile forces, however, there is a distinct difference between an internal pressure pushing out uniformly, versus an external pressure compressing (pushing in) on these fibers uniformly. Carbon fibers and carbon fiber composites (Depending on their variance, like turbostratic or graphitic, weave pattern, binding agents etc) all have anywhere from 30-50% less compressive force strength than their tensile strength. Combine this with the repeated reflexive forces exerted on the hull and consider some of the major causes for failure in carbon fiber composite structures, and it's pretty easy to see how definitively doomed this structure was after more than the first few dives, even if it was seemingly free of flaws during post manufacture inspection. (Some major causes of failure are *fiber kinking*, *delamination*, *matrix cracking*, and fiber/*matrix splitting*) Also, you reference the absence of the acrylic port as potential evidence of it being the major failure point, but I would also point out the seemingly perfect absence of the retaining plate and its bolts. I believe it was removed to allow for easier onloading/offloading from the ship, and was likely not the initial point of failure. If this was an explosive force I might consider that it had blown off/out and ripped the ring free, but because this is an implosion we are talking about, you would likely see atleast the titanium retaining ring or bolts still in place and/or possibly deformed. I do agree that the torque of the bolts is a potential problem area, but when compared to the blatant risks associated with the hull, that this was far less likely. If the failure occurred at either the forward or aft titanium bulkheads, I would presume it to more likely have occurred along the joints between the titanium and the carbon fiber (where it was *glued together*) again, likely due to reflexive/compressive tensions placed on the two materials at different rates during descent (due to their composition/conductivity/density). Like taking a wax string and wrapping it around a glass bottle, burning it, and then dipping the end in ice water, it will fracture and separate along this heated area due to the rapid change in expansion/contraction between the portion of the bottle that wasn't heated (unchanged) the heated point (the joint, expanded zone) and the dipped point (contracted/compressed zone). The same thing is effectively happening except from sheer weight/pressure instead of thermal expansion, and in this case the joint would be the agent used to join the titanium rings (that the bulkheads could bolt onto) to the carbon fiber hull body. That bonding agent would be experiencing frequent changes in both tractive force (the weight of the bulkheads pulling the titanium rings away from the hull, or pushing toward the hull at depth), tensile force (the expansion of the ring around/away from the hull body during ascent/descent), compressive force (pushing into or compressing onto the hull body during ascent/descent). That's why I personally believe the fault originated most likely toward the forward or aft joints with the breakdown of this bonding agent being the catalyst or cause for the rapid failure of the hull body itself.

[@blackhd92]

the truth is in plain view if you look at the pieces recovered.I dont believe the Main pressure vessel was the initial failure point. Hate to ruin the party for yall though..

[@JayZone73]

@blackhd92 if the "truth is in plain view" from the obscured observation of the remnants recovered from the ocean floor then why don't you educate us then instead of acting like a pompous internet warrior? If the main pressure vessel (literally the thing keeping the external pressure from crushing them during the dive) didn't fail, then why was it a debris field and not a drifting tube with 5 dead people inside of it upon discovery? Your comment doesn't make sense. If by MPV you actually meant the carbon fiber hull, I would say it is exceptionally unlikely that the proven material components (the titanium endcaps) were the failure points, because they are vastly more capable of enduring the pressure differential and aren't visibly crushed or malformed in any of the pictures I've seen yet. If you mean the acrylic port (which is a component of the main pressure vessel by the way), then sure, an argument could be made for that... but i would ask why they would deliberately remove the titanium locking ring that kept it secured to the end cap, if the goal was the preservation of materials for the purposes of investigating points of failure. If however, they recovered the forward end cap and found the port was completely intact, it stands to reason that they might carefully remove it to allow for ease of transport, because that endcap weighs quite a bit to say the least. If it was a battery failure, it wouldn't have caused a failure of the MPV, if it was a failure of the scrubber unit or loss of oxygen, it wouldn't have caused a failure of the MPV (unless a subsequent explosion or fire occurred and weakened the carbon fiber thus causing a failure of the MPV) There is no scenario short of a full blown conspiracy wherein you can tell me that based purely on the photos of debris being offloaded that you somehow immediately know more than experts in the industry, as well as engineers and material/physical scientists, who have all had similar speculation on the cause of this catastrophic failure. Please spare me the excuse of how the aeronautics industry has bonded carbon fiber to titanium as a justification for how you just happen to "know" that it couldn't have been the cause of failure on this submersible. Keep in mind, those bonds are occurring at high altitudes, with negative external pressures and positive internal pressures, something that carbon fiber is distinctly adapted to, and the pressures/forces it has to withstand are absolutely insignificant compared to the positive external pressure being exerted on a submersible operating at even a portion of the depth this submersible was operating in. Not to mention the fact that carbon fiber has a compressive strength rating (on average) of less than half of its strength rating for tensile force (lower external / high internal pressures). Your responses to many of the comments on this video make you sound like a pompous pseudointellectual or a crackpot.

[@treydogg77]

@@JayZone73 my question is why didn’t they scan, but used audio to test laminate?

[@davechampion4987]

@@JayZone73 Could have been that the hull failed and the pressure of the air attempting to escape blew out the porthole

[@scottmurphy650]

Several people told Stockton Rush that carbon fiber might not be the best material to use to construct a submersible but he knew it all apparently. Instead or wrapping several layes of carbon fibers at angles, the whole center section was one in one direction. Again, I guess he knew better than anyone else. When it imploded, which was inevitable, it basically self destructed and the people inside vaporized in a couple of milliseconds. I guess he really didn't know shit after all.

[@Aitelly]

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[@Man-t6w7o]

Rich doesn't exactly mean smart. Unfortunately there are a ton of dumb people with literally stupid amounts of money. *Added to 1,000 ways to die*

[@tresjolieme81]

I'm no engineer and even I could see how it would fail.

[@leannabedore]

Exactly! And it was more than a few. The oceanography submersible committee gathered 31 signatures stressing the dangers to life and risking tanting any future exploratory missions. (Which both have happened now) having a big head, putting money over people has huge ramifications. Obviously. It's extremely sad, I feel for all of their friends and families involved.

[@JuliusCeasar224]

Lmfao what? Even I know that things like Carbon fiber CO2 tanks are woven at angles. Why would carbon fiber even be desirable in a submarine? Lightweight? It's a sub.

[@AUNZAnon]

Reports state the implosion happened within a fraction of a second. That's not to say the crew didn't hear the terrifying sound of the carbon fibre hull cracking prior to it (as was reportedly heard by other crews on other missions). One ballast was missing from the sub when found so they knew something was wrong and were attempting to re-surface.

[@Aitelly]

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[@AlkaVirus]

@@WezleyB transcript is fake

[@TeaTime826]

@@WezleyB where did you hear the transcript?

[@thechief00]

@@WezleyB yes that's right, someone used Cameron's statement as a basis for writing a fictional transcript. it's just someone's imagination of what might have happened.

[@cx2900]

@@WezleyB they lost comms before any distress signal was raised afaik, I highly doubt the veracity of any transcript. Also the ballast could have been separated from the hull during the implosion

[@DOC_951]

I’ve been dying to see an animation of this, happy someone finally did it!

[@KetsaKunta]

lol 🤌 choice of words

[@DOC_951]

@@KetsaKunta 🤓

[@MakeupMobster]

I have to say it’s pretty amazing that you can put these 3D animations together this quickly

[@martin-krzywinski]

Because they're not based on any real data. It's just a 3D model rotating in space with a little bit of deformation here and there.

[@psyoptic]

It's all AI generated

[@JustinLodes]

It could be yes. I was thinking the same thing

[@topbanana4013]

@@martin-krzywinski he talking about the 3d graphics/ rendering done on a pc in little time

[@topbanana4013]

@@tetrazole567 err yes it shatter. but it will bend and creek before that. the creaking is the breaking down of fibres and laminate

[@calmthesoul834]

After watching Cameron’s submersible, it’s clear how dangerous this one was.

[@KneeCapHill]

They did rigorous testing on his one, they had failsafes on top of failsafes. Meanwhile this dude's whole attitude towards safety was* ''Don't harsh my mellow brah, innovating is a judgement free zone''

[@youmemeyou]

@@KneeCapHill Hull, UK

[@toddsmith1969]

@@KneeCapHill this submersible worked, just wasn't meant to last

[@kamilebrahimoff3589]

Yes, the design was unsafe for this type of endeavor.

[@luichinplaystation610]

And Cameron had more troubles the more he stayed there

[@Adam-pu6jg]

What this video fails to mention is the razor thin engineering margin of the Titan. Its crush depth is 4,000m and the Titanic wreck is 3,800m (95% of the Titan crush depth) That is a just a 5% margin. Ideally, you want to build something well clear of the margin

[@kevinzki21]

Yes 20% margin per engineers

[@khunrocky606]

It's actually 11000m but never been tested

[@pauldatche8410]

This is really sad. Then it turns out the Rush guy lied and died while at it. It is a lesson to all creators and inventors to be especially more patient and scientific with their inventions and to listen more keenly to peer reviews and observe the scientific journeys of those who've gone before. As it turns out, cost for making a quality hull and livable diving space would have been easily met, what with the high charges they levied on participants. At $250,0000 per person, they ought to have had a more serious submarine capable of even 11km deep dive, made of super solid hardest materials found on earth.

[@jmcinnis540]

In the heavy civil engineering/construction field, our margins are typically 20% min. and if I remember correctly, 50% margin is typical for work involving the railroad. 5% is insane, especially when considering the experimental design.

[@therearenoshortcuts9868]

@@jmcinnis540 i could be wrong, but i think the 20% is also based on top of some already very conservative assumptions. don't think it's even literally just 20% more than the theoretical maximum load...

[@786Inferno]

Proof that you don't need to have wisdom to be a millionaire

[@felipenasser7794]

I think you need some.. but wisdom has many faces, many types. they lack a lot of safeness wisdom lol

[@PIE123441]

Yeah I guess people think that you have to be smart to be rich or whatever lmao

[@dkjens0705]

The pressure hull of the submersible is the carbon tube and the two titanium end caps only. All the white coverings are just external plates to make it more hydrodynamic, which plays no role at the speeds it travels, so again basically just to make it pretty and more attractive to unknowing potential customers. The scrubber system was likely contained inside the rear end cap inside the pressurized hull. As others have mentioned, a proper engineer would have built this vessel with at least a 1.5 or 1.6 safety factor which would have made its max depth around 18,000' or 6,000m and its crush depth even deeper. You also neglect to mention that the window dome used, which was manufactured by a third party, was only certified to withstand the pressure at 1,300m. The fact that it had withstood the pressure at 3,800m multiple times is a testament to real engineering where safety factors are incorporated into the specifications. There was so much wrong with Oceangate that lawsuits for blatant negligence are bound to be filed.

[@gailmcn]

also, the white coverings (known as fairings), function as protection of the inner hull and equipment against bumps and scrapes, when diving or not secured on the sled. I question the statement in this video that they were pumping "50%" O2 into the cabin, as well.

[@Horse_Cock_Express]

You have no clue what you’re talking about! Pull my finger! Toot! Toot! Squirt!

[@dkjens0705]

@gailmcn They should have pumped 100% O2 into the cabin since the scrubbers would be removing the CO2. The cabin was basically a big CCW rebreather and with no pressure change inside, only O2 would need to be added. For breathing purposes, they could have kept a 50% O2 gas, this would have made it easier to keep the gas within the parameters of what our body functions with albeit making for a much larger fire hasard but then again safety was not a grave concern.

[@williamrobinson4265]

it was only certed to that rating but it likely could have tested higher if people had paid for that testing - I think people are misinterpreting wording around the use of that window or I could be wrong otherwise great breakdown and helpful comment thank you it was confusing to imagine the scrubber outside of the hull in the rear but it had me thinking that explained the crackling sounds from aft but probably it wasnt like that again on wording I think the filing of suits is pretty inevitable in this case but because of *gross negligence yes I believe some of the suits are actually likely to stick

[@williamrobinson4265]

@@gailmcn thank you that actually makes a lot more sense - usually when people get in their emotions and start trying to sound smart in this case I find they more often make themselves appear ignorant

[@Ont785]

If you watch the video with Cameron going to the bottom of the Marianas Trench, he said that the sub actually compresses 3 inches. Carbon fibre doesn’t compress, It Has to stay rigid Therefore subjected to stress and fatigue

[@Aitelly]

Thanks for the great Infos.

[@pluto9000]

@shaunnal2560 the water temperature is close to freezing so I wonder if this expands the carbon fibreglass. Google says it has a negative thermal expansion coefficient.

[@tomthumb2815]

​@shaunnal2560I have 0 confidence in the glue bond to the titanium flange for endcap

[@Teeko2003]

Who the fluck uses glue in anyway shape or form on a vehicle going to these debts? Oh apart from ocean gate 😢😢.

[@baileypanama]

@@Teeko2003the captain that’s who

[@starr4490]

I knew it the sub didn't even reach the wreckage. The amount of time and effort spent in making this video is amazing. I appreciate your work. Thank you for explaining this well.

[@Aitelly]

Thanks

[@TubagusMuhammad]

It's already reached Titanic wreckage. Checkout the expedition from before. However something must have gone very wrong in this expedition

[@Capecodham]

@@TubagusMuhammad you are a genius to figure that out.

[@thekokosho]

It went to The Titanic 10 times before the implosion

[@ryleitdept]

I think what he is trying to imply is the sub imploded before reaching the depth of the wreckage. It will took 3 or more hours before it'll reach the wreckage but already lost it's communication around pass 1 hour only while descending. Unless they are descending more faster than previous which have cause additional stress and fatigue to the structure given that it has already dived multiple times and already have degradation to the whole structure.

[@chronicalfredo9609]

Didn't realize I live in a world where everyone is a submarine expert.🙆‍♂️

[@Sorrowdusk]

Armchair submariner matey. 💺Now admit it. Yer fond o' me lobster 🦞.

[@1965JB]

I just got my PhD in Submarineology reading these comments.

[@RobertNagel-kd7kr]

Got to love the KZbin comment sections. It is a source of entertainment to me.

[@truesoulghost2777]

We are as long as we weren’t on that thing

[@desaloboy]

I don't know who you are, but this work you have done within this short period is great. Considering the fact that you are only 2 guys working on this channel, it's just crazy.

[@Aitelly]

Thanks 🙏👍 we love y guys

[@cziferr]

They put more work into this video than oceangate put into the submarine

[@ridhvikg]

@@Aitelly also the fact that most people show the implosion animation as a can being crushed, while this may be true for a contiguous material like titanium or steel. Carbon Fiber will shatter and break into pieces while imploding unlike a soda can being crushed

[@lindalagzdina7243]

As I believed it was still on the process of research. AND the public ( who can afford it) was encouraged to be part of experiment . Mr Rush ,as I remember went to many places like Las Vegas and done the promotion speech in many lectures . Well non profit organisation. To fulfil the whoever dreams to see poor titanic they needed money for one who can pay ..

[@nmakovic]

@@cziferr zar misliš da je g.Stocton bio šarlatan? Pa i on je bio probni pilot i student Princetona.

[@No_More_Eyes545]

I swear these implosion videos are guaranteed to get 1 million hits for sure.

[@Aitelly]

You might also like Nuclear Powered Submarine Engineering behind it #3d Nuclear Reactor released Link: kzbin.info/www/bejne/gGHPk2dsj85oY9U

[@cameronmcallister192]

Great representation, only critique is that the tail cone did not implode because it was not pressurized. Only the carbon fiber hull.

[@Aitelly]

Agreed

[@DemopVWgarage]

@@tetrazole567 nope, it doesn't shatter and does have a flex properties.

[@MrSbfan2000]

@@DemopVWgarage has limited flex capabilities and yes it shatters.....work with it daily.

[@Buckheimer]

​​​@@tetrazole567 the outside layer is not made of carbon fibre. Thts why when they fished the sub remains out, u can see most of it still whole. The video did represent the carbon fibre hull, which only surrounded the pressurised cabin, shattering into pieces which is wht I think would happened, and we dont see any of the carbon fibre hull nor the cabin being part of the remains tht was recovered. But then again im just basing this off of what ive seen and read thus far and Im not gonna pretend like im an expert here.

[@RL-cq9qd]

@@saltysalt7339 u are right that it flexes to a point but not at those depths. At those depths carbon fiber just shatters.

[@richardgoff6739]

The best video of the incident that I have seen thus far. Good job.

[@Aitelly]

Thanks Richard

[@JanaXV]

There were other issues with the hull: It was made of titanium endcanps and carbonfibre which were glued together. Since these 2 materials behave differently under pressure even that might've caused a crack and with that implosion. Also the interior wasn't fire proof, that means that a small electrical fire could've damaged the hull. And the window which was only certified for a depth of 1300m, but they dived 4000. It was most likely the hull, but it could've been 'anything' as this thing was super unsafe. That is a really good animation though, thanks for sharing.

[@delbarfield8624]

Why SAVE The Titanic Now?

[@delbarfield8624]

@@user-wt7do4lz9x NO CELEBRATE 4 JULY

[@MarkShinnick]

Yes, I saw exactly this in my own testings. I've constructed and tested fiber composite pressure vessels to destruction. Fiber composites excel in tension, not compression; the design concept for this is fundamentally flawed.

[@delbarfield8624]

@@MarkShinnick What was Albert Einstein About GRAVITY and MASS. Take 🍎 Fall From Tree Or WATERMELON

[@magister61]

You are right. The problem was not only the carbon fiber but how it was jointed to the titanium. I wonder how that union was made considering they are two very diferent materials and there was the failure point.

[@louisboliou7432]

I worked in some of the original HMG (High Modulus Graphite) research--Pratt & Whitney. HMG is significantly stronger than CF. Our prepreg test panels were angled at 30 deg. layers, like plywood, then placed in steel molds and cured with variable pressure and temperature in a thermal press. Cooldown was also a stepped decreasing pressure/temp. process. The winding and curing process used on the Titan was abysmal and destined to fail. With the changes in pressures and temperatures being repeated, the epoxy/fabric system was doomed to fracturing of the epoxy. As soon as I heard of the rapid loss of communication, and then no surfacing of the Titan, I turned to my wife and stated, "it imploded." Never would I have gone on that submersible, once I knew how it was built, and added to the poor materials design, had no internal escape.

[@renelaboy1517]

You DO NOT build submersibles, with composites, PERIOD!!!!!

[@Sorrowdusk]

If the supposed leaked audio is true, they were descending unexpectedly fast. They might have already had a leak from the very beginning.

[@kelsieann4617]

So incredible yet devistating...being so wealthy I'd assume they'd know this information. Are we truly loosing common sense even with every answer available at our fingertips

[@hx5525]

@@kelsieann4617There are plenty of dumb wealthy people in the world. Wealth doesn’t correlate with intelligence

[@joshuad1716]

A soon as I heard “submarine made of carbon fiber” I knew they were all dead and it imploded, not an engineer or a scientist, just someone not stupid enough to think carbon fiber would make a good sub lmao

[@Steve197201]

If Stockton Rush hadn't been on that sub and was still alive, he probably would have been brought up on criminal charges for his negligence.

[@N_manMETA11]

His next of kin should be charged then, for letting him go through with a quadruple homicide.

[@jasonwilliams7454]

@@N_manMETA11 that is not reasonable. If my uncle is a douche bag I should not be charged with anything he did if I am his closest living relative. This is just a shitty situation that these folk CHOSE to put themselves into based on trusting some dude who is NOT an engineer.

[@taisey4512]

@@N_manMETA11 this is such a ridiculous thing to say

[@georgestevens1502]

@@Steve197201 And fraud.

[@LucyLennon20]

May the people that lost their lives rest in peace. 🕊🙏💐 Hopefully mankind will learn from this tragedy.

[@dnx_Gr]

Am not physician/physicist but your videos attract me closer to the field

[@Aitelly]

Always Welcome

[@VictorbrineSC]

The tragic irony is that the Titan's wreckage, or what remains since some bits were salvaged (like the titanium hull entrance), is now part of the RMS Titanic's wreckage. When the transatlantic ship split apart during its sinking, the stern was subject to friction forces as it sank causing a bunch of debris to scatter around. The entire ship's wreckage site is kilometers squares in surface area. With the sub's remains being only a few hundreds of meters from the bow, this makes it part of the Titanic...

[@Aitelly]

Thanks ! You might also like Nuclear Powered Submarine Engineering behind it #3d Nuclear Reactor released Link: kzbin.info/www/bejne/gGHPk2dsj85oY9U

[@space0015]

I see many people comparing this with kursk when its not the same

[@dustinwestcottwhite]

The Polar Prince didn’t anchor in 4000m of water. It stayed in position with a dynamic positioning system.

[@M4A3]

Yeah, I was thinking, damn, thats some hellish chain storage they must have.

[@WalterModel45]

​@@M4A3😂😂😂

[@DreadX10]

Yep, and dropping an anchor above a site as the Titanic is a big NO-NO !

[@silva7493]

Thank you. I was even trying to figure out how that woulda worked.🤔🤔🤔

[@All-Miles-Matter]

He's "anchored" by a DPS....same thing.

[@crazedmonk8u]

Another factor could be they were desending too fast. They made 3 successful dives before hand and decided on this last voyage to descend at a much faster Rate then what they has originally planned. I got this from the transcripts that were leaked. So the hull probably couldn't stabilize in time and boom. It's very similar to actual submarines when they dive down or up quickly for evasive maneuvers you can hear the hull creak and groan since it puts much more stress on it

[@Aitelly]

Yes agreed Thanks for the insightful comments

[@davidsong5315]

That transcript leak is a hoax, you're aware of that by now, right?

[@renelaboy1517]

It was an accident, waiting to happen. He was warned, about the insidious ( gradual) degradation that occurs in composites, made of fibers. It was WRONG the way to build his vessel, period!! Enough, with all the rationalization already. When was the LAST time a PROPERLY built submersible, imploded? And experts have gone to WAY greater depths!

[@pear-zq1uj]

those transcripts are fake

[@Aitelly]

@@pear-zq1uj Ok now whom to believe?

[@duaaismail4474]

What a respectful team❤. Thank you for the revised version of the video 😊

[@Aitelly]

all for you guys

[@GhostR7]

Just two people? That's quite impressive if you ask me. Great video, keep it up guys!

[@Gardis72]

It got over a million clicks be cause the Daily Mail said it showed how it imploded suggesting it was a catastrophic accident video, and it's nothing of the kind. Cheap trick.

[@ondemandslapperandclapper]

@@Gardis72 their title literally says it shows how it happened. Not really the daily mail’s fault the creators clickbaited the title.

[@WintergardenPL]

But inaccurate....

[@wangchung6910]

@@Gardis72how much money do you think they made from the views? So many people are cashing in on this.

[@KetsaKunta]

​@@ondemandslapperandclapperIt's totally their fault because they had to watch the video and publish their article including it for the greater public to see. If they realized that something was off then they should have thought twice. It's called having accountability to the public and it's a bigger deal for a public media company than it is a single KZbinr

[@microscopic.caterpill]

3:02 That is honestly so cute you guys backed up the camera to animate the tiny opening of the submersible door.

[@Aitelly]

😂 You might also like Nuclear Powered Submarine Engineering behind it #3d Nuclear Reactor released Link: kzbin.info/www/bejne/gGHPk2dsj85oY9U

[@123martinap]

All these videos coming out of this tragic events. 99% of these will be for the views and $$. This one is greatly educational and gives us all who as humans hoped they never suffered. Great video thanks.

[@michaelcramerichliebemeinl5150]

to me, seeing that the end-domes and the titanium rings were recovered quite intact, and also noticing that the acrylic window was blown out inclusive the retaining titanium ring that held that window in its place and its bolts, that tells the story all to well. The carbon fibre part of the vessel crushed in on itself and then the air inside this compartment blew out the acrylic window from the inside out like a champagne cork. All that with such a force that it even dismounted the retaining titanium ring and the bolts holding it. What I really can`t get my head around is, that they did just parallel layers of the carbon fibre and not criss-crossed them. Most likely this wouldn`t be strong enough either, but it for sure would have increased the amount of pressure the hull would have been able to take by a lot.

[@leecowell8165]

Yep I gotta agree. I can't believe that non diagonal winding between layers. typically the windings are 45 degrees to stress and the alternating 90 degrees from there after each complete layer. Probably would have been better using fiberglass and conventional resin because carbon-fiber does not do well under compression. But then again fiberglass may not do well either. Its just a lousy material to use for this purpose. Why not go with a STAINLESS SPHERE with NO view port & instead use cameras displayed on video screens around a table (central area) surrounded by seats sitting in a circumference? Sure like a round restaurant table? You could stack the screens vertically, one for each camera and even switch the view between screens. I can do that here on my computers! I also can't believe the lack of ballast are you kidding me? Cameron used magnets to hold his ballast on his challenger deep dive why BUCK CONVENTION? they used to motors to hold negative buoyancy? I can't believe it.

[@anyone9689]

Or the window , supposedly only rated for 1300m , failed .

[@rogerpr364]

probably, but I still believe a submersible should be made of nothing but steel and or titanium! I'm no scientist but, never I've would of gone in that sumb for all the money in the world knowing it was made of carbon fiber,,,no way!! Mr.Rush fished those 4 men into his sub for 250Grand each!!! nice, really nice,,for what,,,to die,, RIP

[@kaioser]

What happened to those inside?

[@mylesgarcia4625]

I also think that the sudden jerking around and panic of the 5 passengers when they realized what was happening, added to the imbalance of forces within & without the capsule.

[@QuietlySoulful359]

Both visuals and narration were excellent and easy to understand. Well done!

[@Aitelly]

Thank you kindly! You You might also like Nuclear Powered Submarine Engineering behind it #3d Nuclear Reactor released Link: kzbin.info/www/bejne/gGHPk2dsj85oY9U

[@lwiimbokasweshi]

Good work here guys. Am happy to see that you are humble enough to make some corrections. Humility is a virtue

[@Aitelly]

AppreciatedYou might also like Nuclear Powered Submarine Engineering behind it #3d Nuclear Reactor released Link: kzbin.info/www/bejne/gGHPk2dsj85oY9U

[@damianbeatz]

"The CEO of OceanGate was supposed to explain that the training would be useless, because in the event of a failure "they will be dead anyway." And I suppose he explained it like this: "There is always a threat, but even when you get on a plane or a car, there is a danger to life." I don't believe he made it clear and blunt to them, because it would have discouraged them, unless he didn't realize it himself.

[@MADBIKER1960]

Your detailed analysis of what could of happened is spot on. However there is another factor to consider for the future going forward. The Canadian Government needs to declare the Titanic wreck is sacred ground and is not to be disturbed in any way shape or form. Let the dead rest in peace and not being goggle-eyed by the few rich deadbeats who can afford it.

[@Aitelly]

Yes agreed😮 You might also like Nuclear Powered Submarine Engineering behind it #3d Nuclear Reactor released Link: kzbin.info/www/bejne/gGHPk2dsj85oY9U

[@NGG1983]

who friggin cares? if people want to risk their life going there, so be it. Why waste tax dollars getting legeslation through on this? We have bigger worries.

[@OneTequilaTwoTequila]

Why in the f would the Canadian Government have anything to do with that? It was sailing from England to New York. It sank and rests in International waters. Canada has zero say in what anyone does.

[@elfworshipper4081]

its in international waters also what are you an emotional woman?

[@herro2883]

It is obviously cursed. Venture at your own risk.

[@garyhowtobluetoothjblheadp3583]

Who in their right mind would consider going into one of those things? No matter how safe ...you have to be pretty brave ?! 😱

[@Aitelly]

You might also like Nuclear Powered Submarine Engineering behind it #3d Nuclear Reactor released Link: kzbin.info/www/bejne/gGHPk2dsj85oY9U

[@1besieged]

Brave or extremely foolish.

[@terrencekelly1256]

Pretty stupid*

[@yonggeun4222]

@@terrencekelly1256 maybe they trusted each other too much lol

[@garyhowtobluetoothjblheadp3583]

@@terrencekelly1256 - with too much money?! Alas the world is a mess??

[@shaun4787]

I think this new version still didn't go into the details of how implosion happened. Most of the vid explains the launching procedure. I saw the early version of this vid. What I was hoping to see was the process of how the pressure gradually building up as the sub descends and eventually imploded. I want to see what are the potential failure areas such as these: 1. The under-rated acrylic view port which only certified to 1200 meter. The dive requires 4000 meter certification. 2. The shallow bonding area between the titanium ring and the 5" thick carbon fiber tube. The bonding weakens after repeated dives due to the different rate of contract and expansion between a composite material and titanium. 3. The bad material choice of carbon fiber which is not suited for withstand compression stress. 4. The flawed design of choosing a cylinder over a sphere which distributes pressure far better. And lastly, a slow motion animation when any of the above failure points actually happened: the acrylic window cracked...the 5" carbon wall caved in... compresses the air inside of the chamber... the temperature rises immediately... the sub collapses inward... then the compressed air needs to escape....so it explodes after implosion...It sounds very graphical...for educational purposes... we could use rubber ducklings as passengers as they disintegrates into million pieces... There could be more failure points as the investigation starts. But a video titled "Implosion how it happened" needs to explain all of these possible failure points to provide better clarity. The most recent images of recovered debris clarified a lot of earlier assumptions. All titanium parts and external components survived nearly intact. What's missing are the main carbon pressure chamber and the acrylic view port.

[@leecowell8165]

The bond between the caps and fiber really didn't matter that much those bonds were in compression that would NOT have been the point of failure. Coulda used Elmers glue there. Failure was the implosion of the carbon fiber which splintered the layers away from those joints. The fiber litterly was SHREDDED by the implosion and the caps simply fell away from it. however the air EXPLODING probably blew the view port out and to hell and gone it was probably NOT recovered. Wouldn't be much left of the fiber either. I notice that they didn't show that part well WHY NOT? yeah these people hide shit like they do with UFO/USO investigations. Useless.

[@foxtrot789]

Of course, we all want to see that... but that's tough to animate and channels like these are just about getting views and not about actually about educating anyone beyond what's readily known.

[@oliverheaviside2539]

@@leecowell8165 I saw a photo of a white basket filled with shattered shards of carbon fiber composite next to the titanium ring. I saw it only once and cannot find that photo again.

[@Capecodham]

wtf is a vid?

[@michaelwest7844]

@@Capecodham A video

[@Antoinemalone]

This was crazy. I have a fear or heights and flying but never knew I had a fear of under water until this happened. Never thought about going down there and definitely wouldn't have gone in that thing. Maybe I would try when im 90 years old because I don't have much life anyways but that thing looked creepy. Rip to the victims. Even if you have money, save your money yall. Not worth it.

[@zazoreal5536]

The problem is that an implosion is followed by a explosion. Every force has a equal opposing force. the air gets compressed for a moment in the sub and that same air then wants to escape because it is less dense than the outside and the internal pressure goes boom and breaks through all the cracks causing a explosion. Inside the ocean, this can be heard for 100's of miles with hydrophones. James Cameron said as much in his interview.

[@edwigcarol4888]

This phenomenon you describe seems to be similar in astrophysics A star crushes under its own weight - implosion - and thereby rejects violently its outskirts - explosion

[@michaeloberle726]

That is not what causes the explosion. When any carbon in gas form is suddenly compressed at high velocity it ignites the Carbon. This effect can be seen in how diesel engines work) The sudden increase in gas volume from the ignition causes the imploded components to instantly be reversed in a fireball which then blows the material outward until the pressure of the water then collapses it again. This can sometimes cause a second and third implostion/explosion cycle until all of the oxygen is consumed in the ignition.

[@michaeloberle726]

Not even remotely analogous.

[@Salicat99]

I was thinking that it reminded me of a supernova, too. Even the part where the increased pressure causes an increased temperature and can ignite elements that wouldn't normally ignite.

[@RuggedSource]

IMO if you're going to create something that can be used safely below 13,000 feet underwater. It SHOULD have some sort of resistance disclaimer* of up to 20,000 feet. If something can be used in depths of 20,000 feet, then it should be able to handle pressure depths of 13,000 feet without issues. The fact they only designed this vessel to handle basically the exact depths they needed to dive, IMO was the biggest flaw in terms of common sense. It's like building a car that can drive 60 mph for only two hours but when it reaches 60mph, the car isn't stable and shakes. Once the car slows down and gets to 40mph, it then becomes stable and smooth. However, you can risk driving the shaking car at 60mph for 2 hours if you'd like and every time you decide on using the car at 60mph it will eventually collapse.

[@Aitelly]

Yeah agreed

[@ryanhampson673]

Exactly. The submersibles that have dove Titanic before had crush depths of around 20,000 feet. They operated at 95% up to their crush depth. Way too close to the red line.

[@GSP-76]

Yup, they took the materials straight to their failure points..the hatch wasn't even rated for 4000 meters. It was only rated for 1300 meters.

[@jobotmang]

Good ananalogy

[@nicholasadams2374]

It's the old, "don't worry when the gas light goes on, the car can still drive for quite a while like that."

[@PRR5406]

Looking at the layout of the submersible, one finds it seductively modern and complete. The immediate flaws are the carbon fiber hull (obviously) the hatch closure, the toilet arrangement, and the game controller. The steering mechanism is another thing that appears to come up short. Very interesting animation. I think showing the intensity and immediacy of the implosion would be worth illustrating.

[@bryanrocker5033]

The passengers should have been wearing diapers.

[@BVZTIII]

The most obvious flaw is its layout. Guess why every other submersible is a ball shape 🤷‍♂️

[@ZealotryWingsGogo]

believe it or not, the game controller is actually industry standard

[@sigmachud9092]

@@ZealotryWingsGogo no. it is not. people keep saying this, its just not. for ROV's or even certain periscope operations on actual subs- sure, but for critical operations where people's lives depend on it, it is not 'industry standard'

[@SourMlkSea]

@@sigmachud9092 wrong.

[@sel4hx]

I'll just sit on my fat ass at home and watch a documentary about Titanic, made by professionals

[@BoatRocker619]

Only two man team doing all the research, animation, editing everything ?? Genius level intellect is needed to do all the research.

[@Aitelly]

Thansks mr Sharma ! we love you guys

[@leecowell8165]

Not really. does not take a mental giant to figure out that the carbon-fiber cylinder simply imploded. WHERE IS IT? Yeah its hidden from John W just like UFO/USO investigations these people are useless just leave the stuff down there or tell John what the hell is really going on!

[@marcuscook5145]

The problem with carbon fiber is that it has no pliability so instead of flexing with stress and returning to form when removed from pressure like steel might, it cracks. It's even less flexible than fiberglass which also simply cracks when overstressed. It's highly possible that repeated trips at such depths caused small fractures in the hull that went unnoticed, weakening with each trip until failing catastrophically on its last outing. They also used a mixture of materials on the pressure vessel which expand and contract at different rates under pressure which can also contribute to faster wear, loss of structural integrity and leaks.

[@presetregret184]

I'm reminded of the tailor who thought he could parachute off the Eifel Tower by wearing a big flappy coat. Love it.

[@creaperassassin450]

Stockton Rush is a gambler and on that day, his luck ran out. RIP to them.

[@AlpControl]

As a carbon fiber specialist, I bet on the same scenario from the first day. The weak point is neither the carbon or the tinanium, but the carbon/titanium interface. If water seeps between the two, the resistance of the carbon winding is useless and the pressure will crush the inner titanium tube. But it started slowly, depending on the infiltration rate, it seems to have taken more than 15 minutes before deformations accelarated the infiltration rate and then the final collapse occurred.

[@gjpercy]

Sounds correct old man, but instead of "crush the inner titanium tube", I think you meant "crush the inner CF tube". Am I right? I totally agree that if water infiltrates the bonded joint, then the separated surfaces within the joint will experience the full sea pressure (causing CF to crush/fail laterally (ie. across fibres) and causing further failure). Eventually there might be water incursion forming an internal 5,500 psi water jet which would breach the inner layers of CF when incursion forces matched the lateral strength of the remaining inner layers. cheers

[@AlpControl]

​@@gjpercy As far as I know, the carbon is wrapped around a titanium tube. Maybe "inner tube" isn't the right word, sorry for my English (I'm French). But the fact is that the watertight barrier (welding) is on the inside rather than the outside is a big problem.

[@Aitelly]

You might also like Nuclear Powered Submarine Engineering behind it #3d Nuclear Reactor released Link: kzbin.info/www/bejne/gGHPk2dsj85oY9U

[@ambienthangout]

The brittleness of carbon fiber didn't have something to do with it?

[@jordancapps9521]

Nice animation. I hope the updated video recognizes how these composites would just shatter to bits in an implosion. I've heard tales that the company did not even do standard aerospace NDT on the finished layup. Delamination can happen even when everything was done perfectly, and I have seen it on aerospace parts.

[@kevins.3825]

I believe the Boing 777 and F117 Stealth Fighter used carbon fiber wings, there was also an instance of one of the wings on the F117 failing and snapping off like a cracker. Most wing designs have a certain amount of flex or deflection. I think about how whales dive so deep, they basically have a lot of fat that compresses inward as they dive down deep...deep enough to find giant squids.

[@juliebraden6911]

A lot of people here who think it's still 2 spaces after a period. It looks weird.

[@kevins.3825]

@@juliebraden6911 hopefully this helps your understanding. Ellipsis points are periods in groups of usually three, or sometimes four. They signal either that something has been omitted from quoted text, or that a speaker or writer has paused or trailed off in speech or thought. That's the basics.

[@follybeachusa]

@@juliebraden6911 It is still two spaces after a period

[@kumardigvijaymishra5945]

Cool animation 👍 Eventually Titanic claimed another vessel. The story is tragic and a reminder that engineers must always be listened to on such critical voyages.

[@manfreakcaharambe942]

titanic curse claims 5 more

[@KyndlingStoneCB]

Can't wait for this to be a history lesson in the near future.

[@RobertNagel-kd7kr]

It already is.

[@nikobellic3856]

Id be freaking out just knowing the amount of pressure on the hull that only increases as you descend, yea those people on board were definitely nuts

[@michellebabicz2143]

It is tremendously sad that the young kid on board was said to have been terrified beforehand (according to his aunt), but went anyway to please his father as a Father's Day gift. Both perished.

[@Spitta504TV]

@@michellebabicz2143 That's the part the fucks me up the most

[@DNTCreativeMedia]

Nice video. I had picked up parts of this info from all over the web, but this video was the most concise one I had come across. Good job.

[@Aitelly]

Glad it was helpful! Even better You might also like Nuclear Powered Submarine Engineering behind it #3d Nuclear Reactor released Link: kzbin.info/www/bejne/gGHPk2dsj85oY9U

[@Emily-lh6em]

I found this video to be very informative about how the titan was built and the animation was very good. I was curious about its design and you explained that well. This is a lesson and reminder that there's a good reason to listen to the advice and warnings of other experts in the same field. No one man knows best and we need other people to review important things like this. Stockton strikes me as a man who truly believed in his design and felt confident enough to be personally aboard it. I personally don't like the idea of using a modified game controller because game controllers aren't the sturdiest. They tend to wear down, become unresponsive to a button press, and joysticks can have the tendency to drift (like joycons). Its not a big deal on land when im playing a game but deep in the ocean where it would be hard to get help quickly it may not be as dependable. You shouldn't gamble when it comes to human lives. 😔

[@pankajsingh-od2vb]

From which country u r dear 💞

[@juliebraden6911]

Yeah except the video depicts the carbon fiber hull crumpled like a Coke can on the ocean floor when in reality it was pulverized and is now a fine powder if anything. These people aren't scientists and it shows. This video is entertainment and nothing else.

[@justiceLiberte590]

Well Said

[@dadtype2339]

I wonder if they will use your video in court? It's that good! ❤

[@Aitelly]

haha - i wish

[@Nicholas_Hamilton]

Splendid work! Your presentation is immaculate.

[@Aitelly]

Thank you so much 😀 all for you guys

[@SizzleGeko]

5:14 Man was playing Subnautica irl

[@Chazd1949]

That was an excellent presentation ! Very informative, great graphics ! The best I've seen. Thank you for all the work you put into this !

[@Aitelly]

Much appreciated! You might also like Nuclear Powered Submarine Engineering behind it #3d Nuclear Reactor released Link: kzbin.info/www/bejne/gGHPk2dsj85oY9U

[@Chazd1949]

@@Aitelly Thank you. I will check it out soon. In fact, after going to your site, I subscribed. You have lots of good, informative videos to watch.

[@CwSeniorHensley441]

This video is very informative, the description of all the components and how things work are top notch, keep up the good work and God bless the families and friends of the ones lost on the sub. Truly heartbreaking 💔

[@SsgtHolland]

In your animation, the oxygen system is placed outside the pressure hull. This would mean that there are holes in the pressure hull, so the oxygen can be transported. This would create enormous weak points in the pressure hull. It is therefore more likely that the oxygen system was inside the pressure hull, between the vertical wall with the monitor and the titanium end cap. The tail section contained electronics and was not pressure proof itself. It probably got damaged by the implosion due to its attachment tot the pressure hull. It is likely that that is why the transponder got damaged.

[@briankibetronoh4685]

RIP guys. Getting to that depth can never be me

[@Aitelly]

Im afraid of Baby Shark Song

[@miscvids2810]

@@Aitelly lol

[@RaviShankar-yf7vq]

birth is chaos , death is peace.. whether on land,water or air..or or space

[@RaviShankar-yf7vq]

i missed the 5th element fire or sun.. i know your 6th sense is searching for answer

[@bugtalk84]

The moments before the OceanGate imploded must've been a really scary and harrowing experience for the 5 people involved.

[@lisagardner5157]

❤

[@Aaron-rv1si]

You mean the milli-milli seconds? They didn't know. You can't even blink as fast as they were crushed.

[@lamb8086]

How? They didn’t see it coming. The scariest moment should have been when they initially looked inside the titan and then decided to take a tour in it…

[@xiongbreeze]

@@lamb8086 u do realize they can feel the pain right? Getting crush in an instant is like getting burn before it hit the nerve system lol

[@xiongbreeze]

​​@@Aaron-rv1siol if that was you it would feel painful the reason u people think it's painless is because it's so fast that it instantly happened our skin when we touch it we instantly feel it lol

[@nashG]

Bro, This video got to the news! NEW SUBSCRIBER! Edit: That controller lived forever fr

[@Aitelly]

Many stole our videos and many gave permission

[@nashG]

@@Aitelly yeah. but congrats for being on the news!

[@nashG]

Btw as a submarine fan, This is approved. (This is cool)

[@Rickster5176]

The "crackling" sounds heard on previous dives were the carbon fiber strands in the hull assembly failing. After "X" amount of repetitive cycles (dives) you eventually run out of enough unbroken strands to withstand the extreme pressures acting on the hull. So what they had was a progressive failure. This was the dive that it failed altogether.

[@minkymott]

What a great explanation, thank you. Do you think they heard it crackling alot before it imploded? Like, the owner of the vessel being like "Oh crap, I've never heard THAT before". Do you think they knew what was about to happen?

[@airplanenut89]

@@minkymott From what I've heard given carbon fiber's properties, the pressure involved, and how quick the implosion was, I doubt they heard anything. If they did, Rush probably just brushed it off as just a routine noise he hears on his dives.

[@xonx209]

It's like the early airplane Comet which failed after a number of pressurization cycles fatigued the fuselage.

[@alanm8932]

They are reported to have aborted the dive (presumably dropped the ballast weights) and we're returning to the surface and had reported that to the surface via a sub to surface telemetry message. Presumably they didn't ascend very far before it imploded. I guess that last message is why so much effort was put into using aircraft to search a vast area of the surface of the sea. As they expected the sub to have surfaced but the support ship had been unable to locate it on the surface. There must have been something that alerted the sub's pilot, to the extent that he aborted the dive. (When he had not done so in response to noises heard on previous dives). That must have happened with enough time before the implosion for him to drop the ballast weights and to write a message and send it over the telemetry system to the surface support ship. Even if it was a one word message like aborting or surfacing, that might take 20 or 30 seconds to perform the abort procedure and send the message. There may have been more time beyond that but I doubt that it was more than a few minutes, as if it was intact for long enough to ascend very far, then it probably wouldn't have imploded as the outside pressure would be reducing significantly. Edit: Just seen telemetry messages. 09:17:50 All under control. At 2960m. No adjustments needed. We're enjoying the ride. First problem reported at 09:28:16 We're noting an alarm from the RTM [Real Time hull Monitoring] 09:28:35 Reducing velocity, [vertical velocity I would think] depth 3433m. 09:30:36 no change with thrust the rate of descent is increasing. At 35. [3500m?] Going to release the ballast now. 09:32:12 No improvement. Preparing to jettison the frame. 09:35:48 frame jettisoned (multiple attempts needed) starting ascent now. 09:38:09 Crackling sounds from aft. 09:42:12 trying to run diagnostics. Ascending now but very slow. Sounds have subsided. Global RTM alert active. All red. 09:43:42 slow ascent in progress. Quarter predicted. Unclear white rate is small. No indicator. At 3476m. [Using thrusters, jettisoning ballast and jettisoning the frame has only just stopped the descent & produced a small rate of ascent. Presumably something is flooding with water - unlikely they wouldn't report that, or the hull has deformed such that it no longer has as much volume and therefore doesn't have as much buoyancy. Or possibly the thrusters are wired backwards, as has happened before and they are actually thrusting downwards without realising it] Last message at 09:46:37 depth 3457m, switched to power bus B, more sounds from aft. So about 18 minutes from first report of problem to last message.

[@minkymott]

@@alanm8932 oh my God. I didn't know any of that. So it's possible they were fearing for their lives.

[@GoForGold256]

I found it extremely frustrating that your animation showed the rear panel “implode”. This is just a shroud outside of the rear bulkhead so it’s impossible for it to behave that way. Only the pressure cylinder itself imploded and separated from the front and rear bulkhead domes.

[@jordanliszewski6549]

Not to mention no one really knows exactly what happened. This video is bunk bullshit

[@trishespitia7165]

Do me a favor go outside and touch the grass

[@GoForGold256]

@@trishespitia7165 it’s not a clever response

[@jeanie8831]

This was great. Thanks. I really expected it to be all bent and crumpled but it wasn't. Large pieces were brough up but they weren't misshapen. The coast guard site indicates the investigative report could take 1-2 years. That seems a very long time for such a small unit.

[@gailmcn]

investigations of major airplane crashes typically take 1-2 years also. And in those cases they have detailed documentation of the air craft's mechanical history, and recordings of the plane performance before the crash,and cockpit recordings. For Titan, nothing like that. Here, they have to compile massive amounts of testimony from everyone involved going back to the production of all the components, do detailed microscopic examination of all damaged elements, do lengthy tests on the materials.....it's going to take a lot of time, travel, and manpower to do all that.

[@Aitelly]

You might also like Nuclear Powered Submarine Engineering behind it #3d Nuclear Reactor released Link: kzbin.info/www/bejne/gGHPk2dsj85oY9U

[@silly_hammy1]

@@gailmcn why even waste money and time doing all that. Just never build one of these again. There, mission accomplished 🤣🤣

[@MORTONRICK]

Really great animation. Can I ask what program you use?

[@Aitelly]

It's Blender 3D Open Source Software -(free)

[@IKnowYouDidnt]

Wow. Thanks for explaining the difference between a submersible and a submarine and that it can be controlled with a video game controller.

[@JayVP9]

Crazy how much information you can find and tell people and the animation you made to help people that learn by seeing, with you comparing it to SUVs. It makes more sense to me now in one video, Thanks AiTelly!

[@lamb8086]

To be fair from day one it was compared to the size of a standard minivan. Nothing new there…

[@lamb8086]

@SuperNostalgia. eww…just eww

[@Aitelly]

😂 You might also like Nuclear Powered Submarine Engineering behind it #3d Nuclear Reactor released Link: kzbin.info/www/bejne/gGHPk2dsj85oY9U

[@heathermoore9008]

Yes ,I love the size comparison

[@TresPalmer]

I would add that the Titan was unregistered as an unregulated experimental craft and that a sphere will always be the sturdiest shape with a tube coming in a distant second. Also, I think the carbon scrubber would have to be situated within the pressure hull.

[@alanm8932]

I'm thinking the CO2 scrubber is behind the rear wall, in the rear titanium dome. Views of the inside, looking towards the rear, show a flat wall with a large flat screen on it. They have obviously reserved that valuable internal space behind that wall for something. I think it's the CO2 scrubber and the air circulation fan it would need. As you say, located inside the pressure hull.

[@TresPalmer]

@@alanm8932 Agreed.

[@xotekissu9938]

You guys really hit gold with this one.. But it all seriousness, It's very informative so thank you. U guys uacknowledging error and making corrections is just cherry on top. Great channel!!

[@juliebraden6911]

Yeah. The gold of spreading false information for clicks. Not a great channel, stop encouraging this lying horseshit.

[@AnthonyLLewisEntertainment]

Epic video but one thing you maybe can add if you make another video covering this topic is letting people know the Titan has been to the Titanic many times already. Most people think this was the first time it went down and imploded because the CEO didn't know if it could make it or not.

[@minkymott]

I agree 100%. People are assuming this was the first dive and expressing their anger based on that. The narrative is "Those rich fools got on a sub that's never been tested and this guy just k|lled them because he wanted the money." Nope. Like you pointed out, it had been down more than 20 times already.

[@selfproclaimednobody4614]

This was the 3rd attempt.

[@CarlosEBernal]

Titan didn't go down to the Titanic MANY TIMES, but just THREE (3) TIMES.

[@airplanenut89]

@@minkymott While this sub sits in a classification of subs, it had never actually been "classed" (certified) by any official authority for this type of deep sea diving. It had been built based on theoretical numbers, put in the water a couple of times, then put right into use with no long term testing as to how this design would fair over time. This design was being used in an untested state. This is why experts refer to Titan as untested, and experimental. It's even worse when you know Rush not only bragged about getting a deal on the carbon fiber from Boeing because the material was past its safe shelf life for use in aircraft, but that he also scoffed at the shelf life claiming it shorter than it needed to be. Additionally it's well known that Rush would ignore just about anyone's concern as to the safety of the Titan, and would either fire or threaten lawsuit when people pushed the issue. I feel bad for the four passengers but Rush was indeed in it for the money.

[@AnthonyLLewisEntertainment]

@@selfproclaimednobody4614 that was the 14th time the Titan went down.

[@Desire123ification]

Well explained many thanks!

[@Aitelly]

You're welcome!

[@xfer43]

During an implosion your body changes from chemistry to physics in a fraction of a second.

[@michaelpolo6117]

This is amazing that only 4 of you made such an accurate depiction of the Titan. This looked soo unsafe, it is heart wrenching that lives were lost because of selfish negligence….😢

[@upwaveflash8429]

They have been warned sadly They dont care The CEO is at fault During the protoype test the scientist already warned that the design is very unsafe Yet He still let it out fired the scientist and charged each 250k per seat

[@1ring2rule3pigs]

Titan had been down to Titanic on a few successful tours before this accident....swimming around for hours down there. Also went to the Mariana Trench. It was in service for FIVE years! Half a decade. This guy basically built and drove a Volkswagen bus to the Titanic. Though tragic, I think the design was actually a success. For all we know it was sabotage. You don't think billionaires have enemies?

[@maciek8159]

Dude just stop. It was a shit design everyone knows that. Stop making this a conspiracy

[@michaelpolo6117]

@@upwaveflash8429 That is just sad & selfish, if he Stockton Rush wanted to risk his life that’s his choice. But the fact that he probably was cutting corners to save money. And was charging such a high cost to people who trusted his judgement is beyond selfish greed. All I have to say Karma got the best of him in the end. But it’s just devastating that he had to take other innocent lives with him.🙏🏻🕊️

[@Valhalla.Studio]

The sub did make it to Titanic twice previously I believe, this wasn't its first trip. But yeah the quality control, and the corners he cut every step of the way in building it lead to this accident. He was super rich himself though he didn't need to cut corners like that, ultimately paid the price, otherwise the idea behind the sub wasn't too bad. Could have worked fine if he did it properly.

[@Aitelly]

You might also like Nuclear Powered Submarine Engineering behind it #3d Nuclear Reactor released Link: kzbin.info/www/bejne/gGHPk2dsj85oY9U

[@caseyrutstein1785]

Out of how many attempts??

[@RommieFort]

So then Meatloaf was right ?

[@MunkeyBeans1082]

It failed most of its attempts

[@niuwbee]

What a sad tragedy, it really shocked me. I hope that the future takes better things so that a similar accident does not happen again and thanks for nice excellent analysis and information

[@Aitelly]

Thanks 👍 You might also like Nuclear Powered Submarine Engineering behind it #3d Nuclear Reactor released Link: kzbin.info/www/bejne/gGHPk2dsj85oY9U

[@add_nyc]

this was so well put together and explained! the graphics are amazing! thank you! 🙌🏻

[@juliebraden6911]

Other than getting the information completely wrong, yeah, it's real pretty to look at.

[@SuperZardo]

Actually, if a volume of 1 m3 of air at ambiant temperature is compressed from 1 bar to 375 bar, using the ideal gas equation, it should heat up to more than 100 000 °C or 200 000 °Fahrenheit. Which means everything touching that air will undergo combustion. Those inside (surrounded by air) do not become meat soup but are directly converted to ash. EDIT: it's more like 1323 °C !

[@rotorblade9508]

nice observation nice 👍 I don’t know if that’s so easy to predict. separation of air and everything else would happen so fast there might be no time to heat up anything. but the idea seems correct: oxygen in the air bubble, rapid compression -temperature increase, it can burn things. the water will not boil so the cooling effect of water is slower

[@suew4609]

If that is true then how did they find any human remains? The debris didn't even look burnt.

[@netx421]

Thermodynamics slows the transmission of heat though. For what you described you need a perfect conductor that is also a perfect resistor

[@democratforfreesexchanges6013]

It would have been like a star imploding in a black hole. The heat of ten thousand suns would have instantly vaporized everyone inside. The sea water would have boiled for a 5 mile radius around the implosion killing all the fish.

[@Vanjonsorz]

Industrial air cylinders can be pressurised to 500 bar. Explain why industry do not have mini suns in cylinders just sitting around in their yards? Oh and air, as we know it,78 percent nitrogen and 21 percent oxygen, doesn't combust. Not without an adequate fuel source

[@COMEINTOMYWORLD]

Great video giving all the facts and very , exceptionally, well presented. I saw the UK's BBC state media outlet interviewed a UK sea (navy) specialist and he noted from the photos he saw inside the Titan that there was no signs of a carbon scrubber. Most of us assume the device was located behind a false wall with the electronics etc but apparently from the report such a device would need to be in the actual space where passengers sit....And therefore there was no such system in place...

[@Aitelly]

You might also like Nuclear Powered Submarine Engineering behind it #3d Nuclear Reactor released Link: kzbin.info/www/bejne/gGHPk2dsj85oY9U

[@donmcpherson9568]

To my knowledge, carbon fiber composite is quite strong and also very brittle. Cracks could have developed in the carbon fiber mesh. Getting bigger with each dive. Finally progressing to catastrophic failure.

[@Aitelly]

Agreed,but I guess after 4 dives You might also like Nuclear Powered Submarine Engineering behind it #3d Nuclear Reactor released Link: kzbin.info/www/bejne/gGHPk2dsj85oY9U

[@satyanpatel6403]

Very true. This is why carbon fiber bicycle frames only last about 4-5 years before showing cracks. Could be riding them in high heat or transport under the hot sun, and then riding in the winter as well.

[@LegallyArMD]

One thing that nobody states is that not even a navy sub goes that deep during dive or even in enemy territory. To put in perspective how wild this entire trip even happend

[@jeffreyv8306]

So what? Navy subs are not designed to dive to these depths. Intentionally. If the navy wanted to dive regularly to depths of the Titanic, they would design a sub capable of doing so

[@LegallyArMD]

@@jeffreyv8306 which proves my point even more.

[@jeffreyv8306]

@@LegallyArMD hardly. If someone tries to cross the ocean in a kayak, you don't say crossing the ocean is a "wild" trip.

[@rtqii]

New subscriber... James Cameron went on record stating that internal hull sensors: strain gauges and acoustic sensors, warned the crew of the impending hull failure. They had dropped their ballast weights and were dealing with an emergency situation trying to ascend when they imploded.

[@zeveron862]

This submersible looks like one of those household garage engineering projects, that some people or youtubers make by just welding stuff together and hoping it comes together because their math and physics never fail in their heads. Another thing, that person who thought that carbon fiber hull was a good idea for a submersible needs to get the same experience as those victims went through. Crush depth is no joke. All in all this whole submersible design is very uncanny for me. Like no way this was going to work at all.

[@Aitelly]

You might also like Nuclear Powered Submarine Engineering behind it #3d Nuclear Reactor released Link: kzbin.info/www/bejne/gGHPk2dsj85oY9U

[@galaxystarrs5432]

As soon as the news story came out I was filled with dread. Imagine being deep in the ocean, lose connection and know well theres A huge chance you won't be found without imploding. Its scary.

[@concernedfriend.9329]

“This is one of the basic deep diving submarine you will ever see”

[@Alice-ui9oy]

Great animation, really helps to visualise the situation. Unlike some of the feedback other users have given, I don't really need or expect a lot of technical information about the composite structure, because other videos go into that at different levels of detail. But from a visually focused channel like this I would have liked to see the individual parts of the wreckage described. I think you just rushed over that at the end. Thanks for all your work!

[@powysdewhurst]

Good work folks. Well thought out and animated.

[@Aitelly]

❤ we love you guys. You might also like Nuclear Powered Submarine Engineering behind it #3d Nuclear Reactor released Link: kzbin.info/www/bejne/gGHPk2dsj85oY9U

[@maribelroos2852]

This is so unforgivable! The one part of the submersible that should have been the safest was ignored . The part that held the passengers was the weakest. Five people died from unnecessary negligence. Nothing could ever make this better. Five souls loved and lost forever. Pray for their loved ones ❤❤❤

[@kitcatmeowmeow]

I remember when I heard that the sub would use "NASA" and "Boeing" as the claim, that is who helped them with the design, although that was later rejected by both, that was a red flag for me. Carbon fiber used in planes, designed for lower pressures in the air. NASA and planes, dealing with lower pressures, going into the earth/deep ocean, dealing with super high pressures. So as an engineer that deals with super high pressures, the appeal oceangate was exposing did not make sense, and why anyone would agree. This is a prime example of herd mentality, even with educated people. Educated does not mean intelligence. Having names thrown around to sound impressive, but have no idea of the function. Needless to say, I appreciate this video.

[@mikedaugherty30]

I am also curious if the “grain” of the carbon fiber tube matters. Supposedly pressure tanks like fire extinguishers are made of carbon fiber, but when the fiber is woven it is weaved with alternating diagonal fibers. I saw a video where the Titan sub seemed to be weaved in only one direction.

[@swingymcswing]

Yeah, it's cheaper that way

[@laurencefahrni4821]

A couple of shortfalls: A ship would not drop anchor at that depth 4:35 The aft section at the back would not crush as it's outside the pressure vessel. 0:41

[@edwardwilley3404]

Thank you for saving me writing same. It's a fancy cartoon, but incorrect.

[@kevins.3825]

You sure about that? What about the oxygen tank and C02 recirculation pump that pumped through the vessel compartment. The parts/pieces inside the aft/tail section would be under the same pressure where it interfaced with the main pressure vessel. If one the ducts or hoses failed it would enter the cabin, like a door on an airplane when pressurized, except instead of sucking out it would suck in.

[@kavalogue]

Two. Two slight issues that in terms of information does not matter. This fancy cartoon is still bang on

[@kevins.3825]

@@kavalogue simple minds are simply amused. When it comes to investigating engineering catastrophes I prefer facts. The animation is great, just no need to speculate with the commentary when the facts remain unknown.

[@edwardwilley3404]

@@kevins.3825 That's an interesting thought about an external tank imploding. A standard SCUBA tank is full at 200 bar with a big factor of safety. But if they got to the bottom there was 380 bar, a differential of 180 bar compression which a normal tank is not built for. I assume folks designing a submersible would not have overlooked that. It's possible, but not likely that the external equipment fairing collapsed first and not in the context of the implosion the article was describing.

[@z414141]

Fabulous video that explains everything and makes it very understandable.

[@signops1]

Once in a lifetime experience !!