Indus Valley Civilization [Explained] | Harappan Civilization | Ancient Indian History for UPSC 2022

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Prepare for the UPSC Exam with BYJU'S knowledge series. A key topic - Indus Valley Civilization is explained in the session. Indus Valley Civilization, Harappan Civilization are crucial topics in Ancient History for UPSC 2022-2023.
Indus civilization, also called Indus valley civilization or Harappan civilization, the earliest known urban culture of the Indian subcontinent. It forms the backbone of India as it is one of the major civilizations of the world.
Geographically, this civilization covered Punjab, Sindh, Baluchistan, Rajasthan, Gujarat and Western Uttar Pradesh. It extended from Sutkagengor (in Baluchistan) in the West to Alamgirpur (Western UP) in the East; and from Mandu (Jammu) in the North to Daimabad (Ahmednagar, Maharashtra) in the South. Some Indus Valley sites have also been found as far away as Afghanistan and Turkmenistan.
The important concepts covered in this session are:
1. Indus Valley Civilization (00:00)
2. Three Phases (3:55)
3. Chance discovery (5:27)
4. Characteristics (12:10)
Some other aspects are also discussed in the session, such as the Harappan Civilization, Mohenjo Daro Civilization, Sindhu civilization, Indus valley civilization time period, Indus valley civilization sites, and discovery of Indus valley civilization, etc.
In 1826, Charles Masson (EIC soldier, explorer) was the 1st European to discover the ruins of Harappa, and they collected terracotta artifacts while laying tracks for the railway line.
Alexander Cunningham (archaeologist) visited the site of Harappa in the mid-19th century.
In 1924, Sir John Marshall, Director General of the ASI (Archaeological Survey of India), announced the discovery of this Civilization in a London weekly (The Illustrated London Times). He was the first scholar to use the term 'Indus Civilization’.
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Some of the characteristics of the human settlement during the Indus valley civilization are:
- The Citadel and Lower Town were predominant.
- The streets and houses of Harappan cities were laid on a grid pattern oriented north-south and east-west.
- There were well-laid-out streets and side lanes associated with an efficient and well-planned drainage system.
Some important previous year questions are also covered in the session.
Don't wait anymore. Start your preparation with BYJU'S knowledge series. Stay tuned to learn more about similar important IAS topics only on BYJU'S Exam Prep IAS. Don't forget to like, share, and subscribe to our channel.
Why wait anymore? Start your preparation with BYJU’S knowledge series.
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Stay tuned to learn more about similar important IAS topics only on BYJU'S Exam Prep IAS. Don't forget to like, share, and subscribe to our channel.
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