Infinite Universe?

[@EugeneKhutoryansky]

To see subtitles in other languages: Click on the gear symbol under the video, then click on "subtitles." Then select the language (You may need to scroll up and down to see all the languages available). --To change subtitle appearance: Scroll to the top of the language selection window and click "options." In the options window you can, for example, choose a different font color and background color, and set the "background opacity" to 100% to help make the subtitles more readable. --To turn the subtitles "on" or "off" altogether: Click the "CC" button under the video. --If you believe that the translation in the subtitles can be improved, please send me an email.

[@plasmaballin]

I like the space travelers' reaction when they find that they live in a closed Universe.

[@EugeneKhutoryansky]

If you liked this video, you can help more people find it in the KZbin search engine by clicking the Like button and writing a comment. New physics videos are coming soon. Please subscribe if you would like notifications when they are ready. Thanks.

[@Tman0003]

What do you use to animate?

[@EugeneKhutoryansky]

I use a program called "Poser" from Smith Micro.

[@mikee839]

Eugene ..... well presented for physics newbies such as myself ..... i also enjoyed that all of the space travelers were "hot chicks" .... nice touch ...... yeah yeah yeah ..... i'm a butt head lol seriously ........ i enjoy the channel

[@DJJohnnyQuid]

Ugh feminazi you just asked for a double standard.._. Just enjoy the content..

[@ZoeTheCat]

Eugene Khutoryansky Do you think that it is possible for all three solutions (Open, Closed, Flat) to all independently coexist in a multi-verse? Our "local" Universe is looking pretty flat, but I think if it fits Friedman-Walker et al...it probably exists. I realize we cannot ever know the answer to that question, but my personal belief is that it's true.

[@Mysoi123]

You deserve the title of Richard Feynman for an online educational channel. The perfect combination of animation, physics, philosophy, and excellent illustration has made you one of my favorite channels on KZbin, EugeneKhutoryansky.

[@EugeneKhutoryansky]

Thanks for the compliments!!!

[@luisabramson4957]

Awesome explanation!!! That lady's voice is sooo soft and mellow, that you can almost chew and taste her words. Very elocuent and easy to understand. Congrats!!!

[@EugeneKhutoryansky]

Thanks.

[@mikefallopian3191]

Those space chicks were bored shitless with each other after 300 years but they know they have to keep cruising around the universe together... f o r e v e r . . . .

[@jorjiang1]

don't worry, forever is a time loooooog enough to allow the particles in side the spaceship come together and form a dildo just by their stochastic movement

[@rustybolts8953]

Those women don't look flat to me!

[@mraccident]

Where can I join this space mission crew?

[@ashutoshpandey7965]

kutta

[@5Dmaxx]

You missed the take off.

[@matejhromin2925]

Hey, whats the name of thr cartoon character on your profile?

[@KsenIzNN]

I love how you explain difficult substances in simple terms. It is truly a talent! Great job, keep going!

[@EugeneKhutoryansky]

Thanks for the compliment. Yes, I plan to keep going and make lots more videos.

[@TheACG22]

This is such a cool channel!

[@er.sumeshghatane7158]

I guess the man making these video is Albert Einstien himself. I mean look at the imagination put in these videos. I am the big fan of this channel.

[@Trollimo]

I was having a group project, and my computer automatically started playing this part loud volume lol 2:18. I didn't notice it until everyone was just staring at me, since I was wearing noise cancel headphones lmao. But I love your videos though, this is one of my favorite videos, and I've probably watched this atleast 4 times already?

[@EugeneKhutoryansky]

I am glad you like my videos. Thanks. Sorry about sudden increase in the volume of the music.

[@EugeneKhutoryansky]

You can help translate this video by adding subtitles in other languages. To add a translation, click on the following link: kzbin.info_video?ref=share&v=IFdfrtzo4SY You will then be able to add translations for all the subtitles. You will also be able to provide a translation for the title of the video. Please remember to hit the submit button for both the title and for the subtitles, as they are submitted separately. Details about adding translations is available at support.google.com/youtube/answer/6054623?hl=en Thanks.

[@CuteSceneChic]

Love this channel. Seriously, the visuals are good. The voice over is easy to listen to, and I also like having the subtitles on the screen. However, that music is extremely distracting. Maybe lowering it or putting on a different track such as a gamma wave binaural beat, something that helps the viewer stay focused. Other than that, i love this channel, keep up the fantastic work. :)

[@mrbreakybee]

Don't be shy Eugene, and go further. Please try to make a video explaining how the decoherence on quantum level occurs. Something about quantum vacuum fluctuations would be great as well. I'm sure you understand it pretty well. Definitely one of the best explainers here on youtube. Everything is so clear. Just a pure scientific essence of our reality.

[@abhishekchourasia3945]

Eugene your videos are eye opening and leave the mind thinking about the subject for days...Thanks for educating so many people with such wonderful illustrations and easy to understand language and analogies.

[@rthorarensen]

Best video I have seen explaining the shape and size of the Universe.

[@EugeneKhutoryansky]

Ragnar Thorarensen Thanks. I am glad you liked it.

[@scottgastauerjr4445]

I love the reaction at 2:08 🤣 detail deserves a sub 🤙🏼

[@alfonshomac]

very good videos. thank you for your effort.

[@EugeneKhutoryansky]

Thanks. I am glad that you like my videos.

[@alfonshomac]

Physics Videos by Eugene Khutoryansky no, no, Thank You, *High Five

[@kennyliljegren2667]

Very good infornation miss.Greetings from sweden

[@DanielKrogh]

So the theory of a closed universe, the only way that could be possible is if you were to travel in a slight angle, like going around the world. it feels like you are going straight, when in the reality you are actually going in a slight curve, meaning that you would eventually return to the same area you started. but then again if the universe is like a planet (a sphere) what would be outside of that sphere?

[@rodrigoappendino]

Maybe doesn't exist an "outside"

[@joeyjojojnr58]

please keep making more videos!! I am really enjoying them :D i like how sometimes you pause which lets me think about what you have said and visualise it.

[@EugeneKhutoryansky]

joey jojo jnr Yes, lots more videos are coming. I am glad you enjoy them. And I am glad to hear that you like the pauses, as this is something that some people sometimes complain about.

[@bartkwezelstaart9306]

Great video once more. You're always able to take out the essence but still be quitte educational (at least, for me as a high school student ^^ ). Awesome visualisation!

[@EugeneKhutoryansky]

Thanks. I am glad you liked it.

[@HakonSkjold]

Mindblowing work as always! I can tell your animation skills are improving for each upload as well. Keep them coming, Eugene :)

[@EugeneKhutoryansky]

Thanks for the compliment. Though, I thought that my most complicated animations were in the video on Thermodynamics, with all the moving particles that had to interact with one another. Making the animations for the video up above was much simpler by comparison. But, I am glad you liked it, and yes more videos are coming. Thanks.

[@HakonSkjold]

Eugene Khutoryansky This might not be as complicated, but I really like the details of the starship and the people :) You state that "If the density of the universe is high enough, space-time can completely curve into itself to form a closed universe." As the "sphere" is expanding, the energy density decreases, right? Would that imply that a closed universe eventually will become an open one? (provided it does expand obviously) In that case, since a finite number of stars and galaxies existed within the closed universe, the number of stars/galaxies in an open one must be finite as well. And since the stars/galaxies in our own flat expanding universe is finite, the energy density must also decrease and turn it into an open one. Is that inevitable or am I completely wrong?

[@EugeneKhutoryansky]

Håkon Skjold Whether the Universe is open, closed, or flat depends on the ratio of the density of the universe to a parameter called the “critical density”. Although the density of the Universe is decreasing with the expansion of the Universe, the “critical density” is also decreasing with time. As a result, a closed Universe can never turn into an open Universe, even though its density decreases with time.

[@tfwoods3]

Who are these space chicks?

[@ronaldderooij1774]

Pixels.

[@communitycollegegenius9684]

Horrible feminist misandrists. I don't see myself being represented. I'm triggered and I'm suing.

[@ishworshrestha3559]

Uii

[@shaminoranger]

Something I've always wondered is why do we assume that the universe is expanding when we observe red-shifted galaxies in general? If two galaxies are in separate regions of contracting space then observers in each would observe the other as red-shifted. Relatively, they could conclude that the space between their own galaxy and the distant galaxy is expanding and that this appears true for the universe in general. But rather than one big expansion caused by a yet unclear force, why could it not instead be many points of contraction associated with a less mysterious force: gravity? Wouldn't both options produce the same observation of red-shift bias?

[@KhantNPi]

Shamino Ranger because, let's say you have a box. there is something in it. you can't open it. but it smells like an apple. You see no sign that it cannot be an apple. so, instead of assuming that it is some kind of mysterious object, you assume it is an apple for now, even thought you are not perfectly sure. you are still skeptical about it and keep searching for better evidence.

[@KhantNPi]

Shamino Ranger because, let's say you have a box. there is something in it. you can't open it. but it smells like an apple. You see no sign that it cannot be an apple. so, instead of assuming that it is some kind of mysterious object, you assume it is an apple for now, even thought you are not perfectly sure. you are still skeptical about it and keep searching for better evidence.

[@MrHappy3feet]

I love your videos so much, great combination of physics and animation. Thank you!

[@EugeneKhutoryansky]

Thanks for the compliment. I am glad you like them.

[@Alishan_Usmani]

Hi I've seen your comments today 7years after you've commented . I'm from future. Writing this to you not of present you but you 7 yrs ago. 😂😂

[@mrboni5]

Just take a look at the atoms, they are circular, cells are circular, and the earth is circular taking that into account and that can lead to the belief in a circular universe or the thory of the orange shaped universe with continous expansion and contraction

[@samuelmarak6062]

What the progeny of man,animal & plant look like ? It's obvious.So also we can understand the shape of the universe assuming the atoms,planets &stars to be it's progeny!

[@babakvelamkon]

I need to take a month off work and sit at home watch your vids . You r just simply amazing. any time i watch any of your vids i feel chill . Thanks

[@EugeneKhutoryansky]

+babak plus, Thanks. I am glad that you like my videos.

[@vitakyo982]

One of the girls seems so bored of space travel

[@pronounjow]

When you see nothing but empty space for practically an eternity...

[@ArtWorld006]

@@pronounjow But how can anyone bored🤔😑😑😑

[@PiznesPiznes]

Thank you Eugene! It is a pleasure to watch your videos!

[@EugeneKhutoryansky]

Thanks. I am glad you like them.

[@chuckles6886]

I know how this comment is apparent but this video simplifies the theory down yet keeps the information well done

[@tabamal]

Thanks for your effort.. I like the music, the animation and also the accompanying text

[@maikv750]

I'm already looking forward to flat-universers

[@Reivivus]

That brings some questions to my mind: It would seem that even in an open or closed universe, if the universe is expanding, then what is it expanding into, and furthermore, what is beyond this universe? You illustrated the universe as a sphere and the blackness around it was to illustrate the position of the universe in relation to space, hmm, so what is that blackness? If we live in a flat universe, then what would happen if it were possible to flip this universe upside down, would all the laws be inverse functions? Then, it appears as though, there is another possibility, the universe is all there is, and drawing anything outside of the sphere or plane of the universe is just pretentious. Still, what is the volume beyond the universe that the universe is expanding into? Though, I suppose we could negate this possibility if we assumed that an outside volume just does not exist until the universe creates it!

[@roner61]

There is another view, that is: Space itself is appearing (being "created") between particles...the cause?: Dark energy...dark matter...? Nobody knows what is out there creating space...from "nothing".

[@midnight.light_]

I think Universe is infinite and there is no start. That big bang was just a part of creation, everything was there before big bang...some kind of consciousness, you can call it god, i dont know. I think universe dont have start and end, its so hard to imagine.

[@rayantahir]

Midnight Light If the big bang was the part of the creation THEN THERE WILL ALSO BE A PART OF DESTRUCTION OF WHOLE UNIVERSE AND LIFE. WE MAY FIND THE PART OF DESTRUCTION AT TIME OF "DESTRUCTION".WHAT DO YOU THINK +Eugene Khutoryansky

[@roner61]

rayan tahir Of course, the Universe going die out, that itsnt any secret, any physicist knows it. The Universe is expanding but at the same time its getting "colder",and diing.

[@midnight.light_]

rayan tahir Of course, everything should get back to the Source . This is just my world view

[@drunkinmaster1]

Awesome video! Where did you source your music from, particularly around the 4:00 mark?

[@EugeneKhutoryansky]

drunkinmaster1 The music at about 4 minutes into the video is a remix of background music from the video game Phantasy Star II. The remix was made by NekoPrism. The other song in this video (the one at the beginning at the end) is another remix made by NekoPrism from a different video game.

[@drunkinmaster1]

I thought that sounded familiar. Seemed to fit the theme nicely. Your quantum mechanics video rocks as well. I've seen the Dr. Quantum videos already, but enjoyed how yours went deeper into detail about the particle rotation. Too bad we never had these illustrations in school.

[@mannouriscy]

Great Great Great!!! Thanks Eugene! Another perfect video from you! I look forward to your other science videos! Also your animations have improved A LOT!!! Thanks again!

[@EugeneKhutoryansky]

Thanks for the compliment. New physics videos are coming soon.

[@Zeneeka0405]

I absolutely love your videos! I'm so much looking forward to more!

[@EugeneKhutoryansky]

Thanks. More physics videos are coming soon.

[@NICEFINENEWROBOT]

To fear (not: to shun) God is the beginning of wisdom.

[@MatthewGraham027]

Question: Since we do not know now if the universe is flat, how will we ever know? Since the only way (it seems from the video) to know if the universe if flat or not, is to observe it from a larger perspective; aren't we limited? Even if we could move at the speed of light, we would still need an incredibly massive distance to observe the universe; maybe so large that it isn't feasible. And with space expanding, won't even our ability to see be diminished over time?

[@KennethRothey]

All kingdoms have a law given; 37 And there are many kingdoms; for there is no space in the which there is no kingdom; and there is no kingdom in which there is no space, either a greater or a lesser kingdom.

[@TemmyTube]

Wonderful video. I never quite understood the case were the Universe is shaped like a saddle. Where does the endings of a saddle go? If they just continue as an asymptote wouldn't it make the saddle point a unike point? Or is this just taking the anology too far?

[@joseantonioghz4324]

I have a question. you say that the expansion sped is greater than the speed of ligth, but you can't compare velocitys in diferent tangent spaces since two different points posses a different tangent space in which the corresponding velocity live. why you say that? or am I getting wrong something?

[@LendriMujina]

Could you please put together a playlist for the music your videos use, or just list them somewhere? I like the songs, but don't know where to find them on their own.

[@EugeneKhutoryansky]

The music for this video was made by Nekoprism. You can find his website by typing "Nekoprism" into Google. Thanks.

[@raj_jm]

if u say that universe is infinite than lets say that it is not infiniti but there should be something beyond that if we draw a circle on apaper and say that its the universe than there is the paper in which we have drawn the circle and there is a surrounding atmosphere around the paper and the atmosphere,is say a table than there is a surface on which the table has been placed. it never ends!

[@iBOXRIVER]

I agree. The question of what the universe is contained in, is never awnsered.

[@iBOXRIVER]

+Valdemar Højlund But the universe is not open. It started from the big bang, which itself was contained inside something, and then expanded into what we NOW call the " universe". The question is what was there BEFORE the big bang?

[@nicolasmoonlit8109]

@@iBOXRIVER (I know, I'm too late, but.. ) "Before Big Bang" isn't correct. Not because of "There were no time 'before big bang'". Big Bang was the birth moment for causality. Every event happend before Big Bang doesn't influence on any event after Big Bang. It's just no matter. But hell, it is interesting to know what was before, but... We can only make our guesses. Even if we are Laplaces Demons. [₽] _[₽] Everything I just said is just a theory. Very sad, but unproved theory. It is one of the 'guesses' of scientists, I previously mentioned. (Sorry for my clumsy English)

[@concretecubes]

great illustrations! really lets me get a better concept and understanding of a possibly infinite universe.

[@alezzanik8166]

Hello,awesome video!! nice job :) I need to ask something though,how is it possible to violate the euclidian geometry with a sphere when the euclidian geometry apply only on flat surfaces?

[@EugeneKhutoryansky]

alez zanik A two dimensional being living on the surface of the sphere wouldn't necessarily start out knowing that the surface is not flat. Therefore, if he started applying Euclidean geometry, he may eventually run into problems.

[@sharanaujla5356]

The best of the best explanation and visualization!

[@homhable]

The words expand my brain while that cheep music narrows it.

[@Wherrimy]

But the rate of expansion grows faster than the rate of narrowing

[@monicanagaraj1828]

😕😕😕

[@thekalevar]

How dare you. soundtracks are awesome

[@radar0412]

"Cheep?" Like the Automobile The Cheep Cherokee?

[@z00t3d]

Deaf? Or bad taste in music..

[@mekingtiger9095]

No mention about the "Critical Mass" thing and how it might affect the expansion of the universe in the future according to its shape, though?

[@ELBMohdKaifuddinKhan]

Loved your channel

[@teslathejolteon8007]

I love these videos, it goes from scary existential music to party music from 2002!

[@eduamart11]

What I don't understand is that initially (after the Big Bang), why does the idea of gravity (pull due to density) seem to be ignored when talking about the expansion of the universe? The vid states that only the area in between the universes are expanding but don't the universes themselves have enough density (at least initially) to keep the expansion from happening?

[@KutadguB]

Brilliant, easy to understand and not boring also (that is hard to find these 3 come together in one). Eugene you can build a website and start a community. Im sure there are lot of people who want to help and make it bigger. I am one of them too :)

[@sohamzemse]

Wow. I appreciate your work. this was much awesome as your past videos too.

[@jjbipod4355]

Okay. I dont typically comment. However, in my efforts at finding lucidly explained videos over physical concepts finding fruition here, I can recommend these videos by this uploader to perhaps be as good as they may come anywhere else. I gained a lot in that you repeat concepts often, that help with reinforcement.

[@EugeneKhutoryansky]

+Jj Bipod, thanks for the compliment about my videos. I am glad that you like them.

[@jelmar35]

If we live in a closed universe, could the universe flip open all of a sudden due to the expansion of space and thereby the density decreasing? Maybe connecting to some neighbouring part of the universe which is otherwise closed off from us

[@SteakBarker]

Great video. But maybe string theory might help explain this.... Maybe a video on string theory might help even more....;)

[@Mrosen7542]

Thanks a lot. I have a question. If we assume we live in either a closed or open universe and it is expanding, then the the local universe we measure will appear to get flatter and flatter, right? That means we may never be able to tell if the universe is open or closed. The only thing I can think of is where our instruments outpace the flattening of the local universe or we can look out far enough but is that possible if it is expanding?

[@jettmthebluedragon]

I wonder as well maybe the universe is finite but the cosmos are not 😐I can’t say for certain but if the Big Bang happened it would be like we are at it’s center if the universe was not caused by the Big Bang then we are not at the center but rather a random place ware this planet formed also the Big Bang model only explains the observable universe but what about the entire cosmos 🤔like what lies beyond the CMB 🤔? If light can only travel at a finate speed?🤔

[@aghaanantyab]

i think our universe is "close universe" like a balloon, there are other universes out there. we can travel to another universe through 4th dimension of space. imagine an ant live on a balloon, he thinks that he can only move forward, backward, right, left. but he can jump to the other balloon through 3rd dimension (up and down)

[@juangreen8194]

aghaanantyab the latest measurements by cosmologists indicate that we live in a flat universe with a 96.4% certainty if I remember correctly. But as stated in the video we could be looking at a very small portion that looks flat to us.

[@alexlawrence1337]

aghaanantyab The 4th dimension is time. If moving through time means that you can move between universes, then we are constantly travelling through universes.

[@jamesbentonticer4706]

Living in a finite universe poses paradoxes like, what happened before it or what's beyond the edge? But a universe spacially and temporally infinite takes care of these problems. We probably live in an infinite universe.

[@cortespravida0]

Dar atenção aos brasileiros é incrivel, não pare

[@daversalstudios]

Wow! Great video!!! I just have one question: If our universe is infinite, how is it possible to exist multiverses? Imagine all the universes are in an infinitely large floor. If all universes are finite, there could be infinite universes because all of them could fit in the floor. But if the universes are infinite (like in an open universe), how can all universes fit in the floor? After thinking about this, I guessed that, if the floor is infinite, the universes could still be infinite because an infinite number of infinite universes occupies an infinite distance. And if the floor is infinite, there could still be enough space to fit all universes. Is that conclusion correct? The analogy to a floor makes sense? Thanks!

[@rolan638]

Probably not how a scientist would explain it ;p but i think its pretty acurate

[@ronaldcicciarelli1923]

It is the singularity ((finite point idea) or big bang idea that bothers me that is this implies that something can be finite and infinite at the same time???

[@rolan638]

Well the big bang was just a name on a great expansion the universe did, and if you expand infinite,you still get infinite.

[@xemy1010]

David Adler Interesting thoughts, the problem I have with your floor analogy is that it implies that all universes would occupy the same general space. And a universe occupying infinite volume doesn't seem to make room for a "neighbouring" universe. The only way I can see to make it work is to introduce a 4th spatial dimension, or a "meta space" which is also itself spatially infinite. In your analogy, that would look like an infinite stack of floors or "shelves", each being occupied with a distinct infinite "flat" universe. That way each universe can still be spatially infinite without crowding out another spatially infinite universe. Personally I don't know if I believe in a 4th spatial dimension or even a multiverse, I don't see any evidence for either. In terms of what the most plausible version of a multiverse would be though, I would think that would be infinite 3D space, occupied by _finite_ 3D bubble universes. Though personally, a single spatially infinite 3D universe is what seems to make the most sense without introducing exotic stuff like extra dimensions and curvature. In all honesty though... who knows? As an aside, does anyone know what a curved "saddle-shaped" universe would even look like from our vantage point? As in, how would the curve manifest itself visually, if we were to compare it directly to a flat universe?

[@daversalstudios]

xemy101 Good point! I never considered including a 4th dimension in my idea! At first, I thought the same as you: that it's impossible to have more than one infinite universe on a floor, but after some thinking, I am not sure... If the floor is infinite, there could still be an infinite number of infinite universes! I found a good example: lets compare to numbers! How many numbers there are in between 0 and 1? Infinite! But how many numbers there are in between 0 and 10? Also infinite! But "0 to 1" is smaller than "0 to 10"... So _infinite_ can be included in another _infinite_ (I hope you understood... it is very difficult to explain :p)! So, in my analogy, I would say that the infinite floor is like the numbers "0 to 10" and the infinite universes are like the numbers "0 to 1". Many infinite universes can still fit in the infinite floor! What do you think about my conclusion?

[@edwinjones1000]

A closed universe would make this observable universe a mere quark in the overall size of existence.

[@decadence6418]

Hey,awesome animation video helped me alot!

[@EugeneKhutoryansky]

Thanks. I am glad you liked it.

[@dougdouglas2112]

Love your videos and the way you explain things so I can wrap my head around some wild and crazy stuff. Mucho appreciado. But I have to say the choice of music sometimes is...kinda grates my last good nerve. For real, tune it back and tone it down maybe a notch or two. Not trying to be a d**k but had to say it. Anyway, again, for real thanks for all the work and all the videos, for real!

[@DJJohnnyQuid]

Brilliance spawns brilliance just as the universe expands (they say now it's retracting, but I digress) so does my mind thanks to intelligent individuals such as yourself. I am in debt to you for the knowledge gained. Namaste.

[@Lytv333]

This videos are just amazing. Eugene, earth needs more people like you! I love your channel. I however, would love to be able to show it to my parents and other people that do not speak English. Is there anyway I can add subtitles here in youtube so that other people that speak only Spanish would understand? Regards

[@tabamal]

does anyone know the name of the accompanying music?

[@EugeneKhutoryansky]

The music was made by Nekoprism, and you can download this music for free from his website. The names of these songs are "Angel's Mercy" and "Death Trance." This second song is a remix of music from the 1990 video game "Phantasy Star II."

[@tabamal]

Thank you

[@americanscholarsoftruthand5940]

If the universe was an infinite, open system, the universe would have no shape. But all shapes would be contained in it because having a shape would imply that it's bounded when in fact its infinite from all directions at every point in space.

[@jkinkamo]

Does expanding space (more space to consume) mean expanding time (more time to consume)? Or do we see the expanding universe due to the slower time we see on far away galaxies?

[@auail5594]

You said 'the expansion does not overpower the gravitational bond of stars in the same universe' but as the expansion speeds up, won't it start to overpower gravity? and perhaps it eventually tear atoms apart because it overpowered electromagnetic force.

[@caterscarrots3407]

Only if it happens to accelerate at a much faster rate. At our current rate of acceleration, no but if that gets higher, in other words in the same amount of time not only has the speed increased but also the acceleration(so to think of it another way, the third derivative of position, called jerk stays constant while the second derivative goes up, in other words acceleration(which is change in speed) is linear, not constant) we will get the big rip where everything is stripped into elementary particles. On the other hand, if there actually is much more dark matter than we think there is, than again acceleration might change but in the opposite direction causing gravitational collapse of the entire universe. This could lead to a cycle of big bang, expansion, and gravitational collapse.

[@mikebe41]

it just amazes me that there is something, instead of nothing. where did all this something come from? what caused the universe to exist, and what caused the pre universe to exist. Pitty we will never know

[@mikebe41]

+FrancOdelic Music site GOD burped and presto, here we are. what really blows my mind, what if the universe is Infinite! that is mind blowing

[@somabhisek4165]

@mikebe41 It also amazes that something was created out of nothing;how's it even possible??????

[@Jpear5000]

@@somabhisek4165 What's interesting is that classical causality cannot apply at the beginning of the universe, as it is inherently non classical. Thus the notion of a cause always preceding an effect doesn't necessarily hold. We know this from experiments in quantum systems (entanglement). It a grander theory of the universe can be verified, it may give us insight into these questions.

[@ominous-omnipresent-they]

There has always been something.

[@mahipalyadav6053]

Well may be matter, energy, space, time combined together is equal to nothing just as 100 combined with -100 is equal to zero(nothing).

[@garamiglm2026]

Thanks Mr Eugene. Wonderful set of videos. Awesome.

[@dreamlanddon]

10:15 the sun is a sphere and it emits light 360° east-west and 180° north-south. So does all the other stars. One galaxy is near the other by an angle, others still are opposite to that angle, aside, beside etc. So it follows a 3D pattern. When we migrate to the realm of light, we cannot assume nothing, since we aren't able to "see" the light phenomena as a whole.

[@RadicalCaveman]

We seem to live in a flat universe populated by curvy women.

[@playerscience]

Hey, nice video Eugene. I've something to say... Since the space is expanding, the density of the universe is decreasing, hence even if our UNIVERSE is a sphere, it will eventually become flat and then hyperbolic(saddle shape). Am I right?!?🤔🤔🤔

[@EugeneKhutoryansky]

No, if we live in a universe shaped like a sphere, then it will stay shaped like a sphere, and will not later become flat or like a saddle. This is because a finite universe can't suddenly be transformed into an infinite universe. I am glad you liked my video. Thanks.

[@johnstevens8720]

More videos please! I share all of yours on my fb

[@EugeneKhutoryansky]

More videos are on the way. And thanks for sharing my videos.

[@creemyice]

We don't live in a universe, we live in a society

[@grufgoinHAHAHA]

also nice comment. It implyfies that vast majority of people will never have to deal with such problems in their short lives.... But still it is fascinating and captivating isnt it?

[@shubhanshukaroliya]

You are King of animation..... None of the animations on KZbin can describe better than you... Please make video on general relativity....

[@EugeneKhutoryansky]

Thanks for the compliment. I already have many videos on General Relativity. Below are just two examples: My main video on Relativity: kzbin.info/www/bejne/m6ecq6WqlMSfm8U My video on Einstein's Field Equations: kzbin.info/www/bejne/i5e3mYmsd7yNrq8

[@cdfgh1111]

The narration reminds me of the old USA Network show NIGHTFIGHT that came on late Saturday night and early Sunday mornings...wayback in the 80's

[@StephenGillie]

Is the expansion of space a force of nature? How is it quantized?

[@Dodo-td1pg]

Hello again Eugene. Why does a low density university have a shape of a saddle? I thought the only factor in the curve of the spacetime is gravity, and that it only bends spacetime downwards.

[@massive223]

what's the song that comes on at 3:20?

[@EugeneKhutoryansky]

It is a remix of music from the 1990 video game "Phantasy Star II." The remix was made by Nekoprism, and you can download it from his website. He has the name of this remix labeled "Death Trance."

[@joet7830]

Thank you. I still don't understand how a universe that is infinite in all directions (x,z and y axis) can have a shape, like saddle shape. Is it then saddle shaped in all directions?

[@EugeneKhutoryansky]

Joe T It has to do with how parallel lines behave. In a flat space, lines that start out parallel stay at the same distance from each other. On a sphere, lines that start out parallel end up moving towards each other. On a saddle, lines that start out parallel end up moving away from each other.

[@mikefallopian3191]

7:00 is it that expansion of space does not occur within galaxies or star systems, , or that the expansion is too negligible to be noticed or measured against the immense effect of gravity on such a small scale ? I don't see how space 'within' a galaxy could completely refrain from participating in expansion.

[@EugeneKhutoryansky]

+Mike Fallopian, inside a galaxy, the gravitational attraction that keeps the galaxy together overpowers the effects due to the expansion of space. Hence, the stars inside a galaxy stay together, and the size of the galaxy does not expand.

[@semyuelshekhovtsov]

+EugeneKhutoryansky there are too important things to consider, which are missing in the video however these are strongly relate to the subject. The only way to approximate infinite space we know so far is closed space, for example - surface of a ball or surface of a torus. Stephen Hawking suggests that if you could live eternally and travel at relativistic speed, you could fly in a straight line till you came back to where you started. According to the latest researches our universe do has boundaries - the redshifted light waves or gravitational field boundaries. Can't explain it here in details, thats too much to write in the comment, but you could research on it if you are interested.

[@PeterMsk2023]

The infinity of the Universe is supposed to mean the energy (in both life force and inanimate forms), time and space (of these three fundamental elements) infinitely, in all directions. Otherwise, it will create never-ending questions and issues involved, like what the other side will be; what makes them different from each other.

[@noem1977]

Perfect. Voted and subscribed.

[@EugeneKhutoryansky]

Thanks.

[@sahilchhabra9570]

One question, if someone answers it for me plz...In the sphere like model of the universe is it just the space that is expanding or the space-time???

[@martijnbouman8874]

Interesting subject and, as always, very enjoyable to watch. Is there a reason you assume that the universe is homogeneous and isotropic? Without that assumption there should be much more possibilities.

[@gorkemvids4839]

Maybe universe-sphere is expanding because density drops while galaxies draw away and galaxies draw away because universe is expanding which explains exponential expantion

[@mageshg1938]

Thanks for your effort. Even though I am not able to contribute financially, I feel gratitude and immense sense of appreciation and love and respect to you :)

[@e-vox1737]

Hi Eugene, your videos are definitevely clear and helpful in understanding Reality! What about choosing a more elegant music? In my opinion the beauty and harmony of the content should be supported by good vibrations, more than such noise..Anyway, you're doing a very good job!

[@atklm1]

But if universe is infinite, does that mean that there is also an infinite amount of matter? I've heard that there is estimated 10^80 or so atoms in universe, so are all that just a tiny spec in the "middle" of otherwise infinite void, that is otherwise empty to all directions?

[@BCGARAGE853]

Hey what's the music towards the end of this video? Have subscribed too. Love this type of format

[@suntzu1409]

Can u give the link of music at 3:35

[@EugeneKhutoryansky]

The music in this video was made by Nekoprism. If you type "Nekoprism" into Google, you can find his website, from which you can download for free his various music. The music you are asking about is called "Death_Trance" and is a remix of music from the video game, "Phantasy Star 2", made in 1990.

[@suntzu1409]

@@EugeneKhutoryansky so what to actually type It would be good enough if u give the original link

[@穿第]

what if the laws of physics do not allow us to understand physics. i will be frustrated if it is true

[@KhantNPi]

it could actually be true. 😓

[@crackparrot3479]

Look into Quantum physics and you will find that what you say is true.

[@nicolasmoonlit8109]

Actually... It's true. For example, Event Horizon of a Black Hole. Laws of Physics itself don't allow us to see area of space-time inside of Event Horizon. This is what called "Cosmic Censorship" Well, we can construct theories, it is actually the only thing, that left for us to do. (I know, you left this message 2 years ago, and yes, I know a lot of about my clumsy English too. But I think, why not? Time, and especially rules of language, are relative things, aren't it? シ)

[@MrCmagik]

Could you make a second video about paralelle universes for each model of universe ?

[@ashokkumarmishra9687]

Very nice and simple explanation.....thank you very much...... just have a question how the scientists predict universe at its boundary whether it's sphere or saddle or flat shape.... and as you have explained the universe's expansion is centered at galaxies, so does it mean galaxies doesn't exert gravity on each other....

[@EugeneKhutoryansky]

Galaxies do exert a gravity on one another, as all objects with mass exert gravity on one another. Also, the Universe has no boundary. In a closed Universe, it would have no boundary in the same way that the surface of a sphere has no boundary. In an open or flat Universe it would have no boundary because it would go on forever.

[@ashokkumarmishra9687]

Eugene Khutoryansky you are right... I mean to ask if universe is a sphere say of radius x then what scientist see when they will see at the point x+1.... Like earth, which is like a sphere is surround by atmosphere and then space.... Like that if universe has a shape what scientists see beyond that shape....

[@deepakgedar5852]

Then where is space expending, from where all space come so that the universe will expands, if we consider the galaxies as ball that hanged in a room then from where this room come and how it formed. Is there many more rooms like these and if yes then it will lead to many more possibility like we have multi universe and may be these multi universe also have many more and if we say no then why not?

[@andreaskaffanke8173]

Nice, but is that midi sound necessary? ;)

[@ditoalfrido]

10:57 iam agree

[@David_four_twenty]

Top 10 You Tube channel of all time right here :)

[@EugeneKhutoryansky]

Thanks for the compliment.