Introduction to Telephone Systems

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Info
Level: Beginner
Presenter: Eli the Computer Guy
Date Created: August 2, 2010
Length of Class: 54 Minutes
Tracks
Telephone Systems
Prerequisites
None
Purpose of Class
This class introduces students to the basic components of telephone systems.
Topics Covered
Public Switched Telephone Network
Central Offices
Trunk Lines
PBX and Voicemail Systems
PBX Stations
Voicemail Subcribers
Class Notes
Introduction
Telephone systems are not complicated if you understand how they work.
A Word on VoIP
VoIP is not a telephone system
PSTN
PSTN -- Public Switched Telephone Network is like the Internet, but for telephone communication
NADP -- North American Dialing Plan -- Is the system for routing telephone calls.
Central Office -- All telephone lines connect to a local central office
Trunk Lines
Every Trunk Line has a telephone number
A Trunk Line allows for 1 incoming or outgoing call. You can have far more telephones in a building then you have trunk lines.
Incoming Trunk lines are setup in Hunt Groups. If the main phone number is busy the call is automatically forwarded to the next number in the Hunt Group
Incoming Hunt Groups are setup by your local telephone company.
Outgoing calls can be routed to use selected trunk lines. This in configured in your PBX.
PBX and Voicemail
The PBX routes telephone calls
The Voicemail system provides all audio messaging. (Voicemail boxes, Message Boards, and Auto Attendant Messages)
Stations
All devices that connect to the PBX are "Stations". This includes telephones, call boxes, intercom systems, etc.
There are 2 types of stations; Analogue and Digital.
Analogue and Digital stations have to be connected to appropriate ports on the PBX. An analogue phone cannot connect to a digital port and vice versa.
Almost all fax machines and phones you buy at retail stores are analogue. If your new fax machine does not work it may be because it's plugged into a digital line.
Subscribers
Subscribers are users of the Voicemail system.
Subscribers do not have to have stations
Voicemail ports are the number of connections to the Voicemail system at any one time. This includes not just people retrieving their voicemail, but also incoming calls that connect to Auto Attendant messages.
Final Thoughts
Be careful before you touch! Most older telephone and voicemail systems were administered using a phone keypad, NOT and computer interface. If you mess something up it can be very difficult to rebuild a deleted Auto Attendant or such.
Resources
North American Numbering Plan
PSTN -- Wikipedia

[@josesoarezz5780]

I just wanna say that you are such a GREAT teacher! I'm from Angola (Africa) and right now I'm studying in China. Your videos helps me a lot! Sharing is caring, so thank you so much for caring :) God bless you!

[@HK-sw3vi]

@@hotshotmarketer194 fuck outta here

[@Pdemosllegaralosanti-tiktokers]

_*"I AM TOTALLY SURE THAT THE PERSON WHO STOPPED TO READ THIS MESSAGE WILL BE SUCCESSFUL IN EVERYTHING HE DOES"* 🥺

[@jlaw2288]

10 years later, concept still the same. Great video for beginner understanding of PBX. I will recommend this video to anyone who knows nothing about phone system and want to learn the concept.

[@jolinlee7161]

10 years later. It is still relevant.

[@africanchina1]

9:37 Trunk Lines 19:04 The phone system 26:35 Stations 29:44 Analog vs Digital

[@itpugil]

+africanchina1 thanks for the indexing! :)

[@brandonfarfan1978]

Thanks dude.👍

[@erybatoarung2789]

Thanks sir

[@hotshotmarketer194]

best VoIP solution with contractless and flexible installation voip.expertideas.tech/

[@Pdemosllegaralosanti-tiktokers]

NO MÁS TIKT0K 😠😠😠😠🙄

[@423tech]

A few quick corrections I feel I should point out. A PBX is a Private Branch Exchange, or a dedicated central office (usually around 500 to more than 1,000 extensions) that large enterprises use. A Key System is one of the smaller telephone systems used by business with less than 500 telephones. NADP = No, it's the North American Numbering Plan, or NANP. In addition, I should point out that the NANP is just the numbering format standard, and not the way calls are routed. Calls are routed using Signaling System Number 7, or SS7, which is a protocol which central offices use to communicate. They use out of band data to transmit information such as the destination number, caller ID information, et cetera. The average central office in a small town serves about 5,000 lines.

[@johnoman6617]

telecomguy10: Also, no phone systems are not always easy to work on. There is more than just the $600 system this guy is used too. All Dmarcs on the outside of the building? Only is someone is not doing their job. Got about halfway through, couldn't stand any more. I was curious if he knew what PBX even stood for.

[@TheDesertStorming]

rarely see information given for free anymore , your a blessing

[@boxer12350]

*you're

[@JohnSmith-hj8kv]

Wikipedia?

[@Pdemosllegaralosanti-tiktokers]

NO MÁS TIKT0K 😠😠😠😠🙄

[@Pdemosllegaralosanti-tiktokers]

NO MÁS TIKT0K 😠😠😠😠🙄

[@pdpUU]

Exactly what I needed for a new job from a repeat client! It was for a phone + networking audit/survey - I had only brief background on phone prior, this video caught me up to speed perfectly.

[@itpugil]

i got hired and was asked to study about "asterisk" but i had trouble understanding what PBX's and PSTN's are because no video here in youtube could explain it, was really happy to run into this class, always loved watching his contents thank you so much eli even back then when i was in college i run towards your videos for help! :)

[@3jalil]

Eli I must say that you are not only a genius but a very good teacher, very few people can explain things as you do!

[@juliamhayes]

One hour ago I didn't understand PSTN, PBX or the separateness of voicemail. You are a master communicator Eli. Thanks very much for this lesson.

[@bonganibunu5171]

This is the best lecturer on technologies i have ever come across.

[@utkarshmishra1928]

Eli, I can't thank you enough for providing such a quality and insightful content for free. I was struggling for a long time to understand voice communication and then i stumbled upon your video series, and then i have been binge-watching it from then on. Once again, thanks a lot!!

[@fgwaller]

One small Comment about Trunk lines. What you describe is the operation of Analog lines, however even in the US for connecting a PBX digital Lines are more common. One of the Advantages of digital lines is that you do not have to setup huntgroups or alike with your carrier anymore. With ISDN and T1 lines a part of the bandwidth is reserved to communicate the called number, callerid, which of the connected channels the call is going to use, etc. This allows more settings to be made on site.

[@Abijossy]

I must say this, this is how to teach. Clarity, aim, purpose, delivering all top notch. You are the bomb🎉🎉🎉

[@mikegigliotti5601]

I'm an electrical engineer from pa. A college classmate and I started a electrical construction company and we recently ran into a telephone problem and we quickly realized in our extensive studies we knew nothing about phone system thanks to this video I was able to save the day thanks..great video

[@alexilaiho8534]

Hello Eli, just stop by to say thank you! I watched this video before when I'm about to take my telephony class and it gave me a jump start. Although it is not the entirety, still it help me a lot and because of it I got 3.5 in my telephony class. I think its almost 2 years ago. Now I am an engineer, so thank you and continue making up video and being passionate about it!

[@davekrasmussen]

One way to look at the PBX and Voicemail is to consider the PBX as a router, and the voice mail as an "audio server" for the system

[@GK-cj6tq]

Don't think I have ever seen a video on technology so easily explained.Can't​ thank you enough!!

[@omskariyazmaraikayer913]

Dear Eli I been watching some of your videos . Their extremely good. Its time I thanked you . Sir.

[@elithecomputerguy]

@xofuoy The "lines", Trunk Lines, represent how many concurrent calls that can be going on between people inside the building and phones outside the building. So if 4 people are on calls with people OUTSIDE the building when the 5th person tries to call OUT the call will fail (They may get a fast busy signal, or something else.) If on the other hand you have 6 people talking to other people INSIDE the building then when a person tries to call out they will be able to.

[@midnytemyst79]

I am a network engineer and voice is like speaking latin almost, but you have made alot of the technology make sense to me and I appreciate that. Keep doing great work.

[@geoalm2015]

I just want to say that this was a great intro video session. Awesome job Eli! Keep doing what you are doing. You have a gift of explaining technical material in ways for others to grasp easily. Thank you.

[@sblove99]

Got a better understanding of PBX here in 45 minutes here than I have 6 months on job... Great vid!

[@MrMuralikrishna1982]

for not only these videos, i have got addicted to all your training sessions. Specially the Linux training programs which helped me to the core. More than knowledge on Linux, you have given me the confidence and made me to realize that linux is not a big deal. Thanks a ton !!

[@clintonbeckway4171]

This Eli the computer guy needs tobe cloned and sent to every Technical college and uni around the world, I have learnt alot and he puts things in an easy to understand way. Good work keep on Teaching ! Now if only I can find someone as good as him to teach me Maths !

[@jitukali2652]

Clinton Beckway I agree with you.

[@sportsspot8181]

Plz add types of wireless telephone system topic

[@anotheruser3679]

Here in 2023. Thank you very much. Quite insightful. Had to subscribe noting that I need to study alot of Telecom stuff in these two months

[@kennyflores4327]

You the man Eli! Im attending ITT Tech for my bachelors in information systems and cyber security and your videos are very helpful along the way. Keep em coming!

[@theguyatx8225]

I can't even begin to tell you how helpful this video is. Thanks for posting it, I'm looking forward to watching the rest of your videos.

[@mariagholston2379]

I thank you so much, for your wisdom and time explaining the basics for which we have learned. I'm trying to figure out how to make our small business work smoothly. We need to purchase phones without over spending. Thanks for the good work 👏

[@ankitchauhan2791]

Thanks a lot Eli, you explain the topics from scratch. Perfect for beginners!!

[@medpinlondon]

Thank you so much, man. I joined a company for an IT position, and being a new bee to IT Industry, i was struggling to know the SIP Trunk concept. Now I am clear, thank you for your help!

[@maneeshkumarmuralidhar7713]

Great Tutorial, I see huge patience form the Teacher in explainaton. Thank You

[@StatsSweeney]

ELi, great video. I was forced to change careers and got 'hooked' up with a voice and data company. These videos have helped me to understand on a deeper level something i took for granted. They are also helping me to get on my feet with the new job. Keep them coming!!!

[@jamesholder1703]

I would have to agree and say that you truly are a great teacher! I am glad I found you here, keep teaching and I will definitely keep learning, you make it very easy!

[@Oldgoat38]

Thanks Eli. I appreciate the detail in your talks. I needed this series of talks.

[@spiffai]

You rock dude! I work for a communications company and nobody can explain these concepts as well as you do. Keep being awesome! I'm going to watch all of your videos like a rabid fan girl.

[@dangelor]

This video was SO helpful as I'm preparing to administer our Lync 2010 environement and have had no experience with the voice side of things. Thanks so much!

[@stavrosstamatakis]

Such a simple and jargon free language... If only all teaching was done like that. Excellent job Eli

[@TheTechieTube]

Probably the most informative and easy to comprehend computer techie site on the net. Thanks Eli for sharing your knowledge.

[@laraphzglobaltechnology5621]

First lecture on telephone system. I love it, very comprehensive. You re a great teacher.

[@DarioDeSantis]

Eli, you rock! You saved me hours of pain to find all those info and wisdom!

[@kritmil00]

Eli, Keep up the great work with the tutorials on the telephone systems! Please add more!!

[@GOAVOXI]

Once again Eli provides a information video that this time describes what we need to know when it come phones.

[@thefam67]

Great job Eli; you have helped me a great deal. I really appreciate your teaching technique.

[@Ha-ma2627]

Here to refresh my mind, and This is such a simple, clear, concise way of explaining this overall topic. Not only does he takes his sweet time with each topic but he also explains it a few different ways to get the point across… keep it up!

[@cottonfield2580]

Fantastic way to educate people interested in technology.

[@TelNetVA]

Eli ... love what you are doing with you video series. As a "phone guy" myself I appreciate you reaching out to educate others in our industry.

[@hotshotmarketer194]

best VoIP solution with contractless and flexible installation voip.expertideas.tech/

[@hyperacusisPH]

Thank you Eli! Keep helping the tech community.

[@Peter95111]

awesome. I've worked for a telecommunications company for 6 months now and I've learned so much from this.thanks!

[@ElLiso2011]

Eli is the best teacher. Is amazing how he can explain things very well. Thanks man!!! You’re doing a great job.

[@cookmymeat]

Eli the Computer guy likes to double up his so. But who cares, since he's articulated and makes all these boring things pretty much interesting. Thank you, E!

[@kulemandev7363]

this is the first video of you that i'm watching. man i just realize i need to subscribe right NOW. THANK U YOU ARE GREAT!

[@erasch891]

You are a very good teacher, Eli. Keep up the good work. Your explanations are fantastic and easy to comprehend.

[@AJKadli]

Your teaching skil is just awesome !! Thank you Mr Eli

[@anthonyilosvay5595]

Great tutorial. Thanks for doing this, you've just decreased the severity of my learning curve in my new role. Much appreciated.

[@real.Life.Stories]

Eli is the best when it come to this, keep producing videos man....thanx!

[@squirrel1620]

Great video. I was just hired at a company that has a lot of legacy gear attached to a hydro electric pump, I needed some insight to the job before I started so thank you! I know ethernet like the back of my hand but had no knowledge of phone systems

[@flagoman]

thank you for taking the time for all this explanation, really grateful for all this info..

[@AritraChattoraj]

how can in the world a man has sooo clear concept on what he says... excellent.. If I would be a teacher some day.. I would love to copy ELI. it helps students who are low meritorious just like me..

[@AlwaysLyceum]

Wow, Eli! You are so great at explaining this stuff! I have a new interest in business telephone systems myself and this was a great overview! I have decided to be the goto guy in my office for anything dealing with our Avaya phone system and our voicemail system.

[@EliEffect]

You are amazing! This will help many people I know!👍🏼

[@iMPRE7ed]

Wow! I was looking for this kind of info for so long. Thank you very much, Eli! Subbing for sure :)

[@Uniquelife_17]

one of the great teacher on youtube.. I am biggest fan of your powerful presentation....very informative video may god bless you...

[@HamzaAbbas_]

One of the best explanations of telephones systems i've heard. It's always been a mystery to me and you explain it in an easy to understand way.

[@TheDecoyroy]

For UK people, the lines coming in are normally ISDN lines, for each set of lines we would use ISDN lines, each line in has 2 channels, 1 in and one out, or 2 in or 2 out. Some use 4 ISDN in the same way.

[@CanecaProductions]

Really needed this for work!!!

[@abdelsako1369]

Thank you Eli Your class was/is excellent!

[@ashishgsharma9648]

Hello Eli, please introduce a series for Microsoft Lync series the way you do. i.e from OCS to lync 2013 -2013 and Skype for business!

[@bexwilson9789]

I've just started a new job at a telecoms company and found this really useful!! I am going to watch the VoIP and the other videos you've done!! Cheers

[@Marianofepi]

Very clear, easy to understand, thank you very much for sharing!

[@brandonfarfan1978]

Dude, I learned so much in this lesson. Thanks alot!

[@bri6985]

Thank you for this! Very clear explanation!

[@SkratchDJ]

Great class, very informative! Thank you!

[@Dee_DoDirty_Tyler]

Great refresher and preparation with new technology explanation for my interview tomorrow!!!

[@b0ssman01]

That was worth the hour I spent learning. Thanks!

[@springflowerangel]

I've been for long confused about trunk line, hunt groups, PBX, and voice mail system, now I understand it, Thanks!

[@jonaslabodlay5919]

I just saw your video and it was well explained. Thank you so much for this amazing video tutorial! I hope your channel get more subscribers because of this. God bless you!

[@gsueagle04]

Thank you Eli for for taking the time to make this video. I am taking a Telecommunications and Data Cabling class in college. I am looking forward to the other classes.

[@norbertrivera]

Very nice explanation,thanks for share.

[@zaynevlog7801]

Thank you very much Eli, it helps me a lot. Very educational video.

[@afettouche]

Eli, you are great ! it's very clear for me. I like the way you're teaching thank you

[@kennygwozdz5792]

"BOB...we need your help up front". LOL...smart guy AND with a sense of humor. Enjoyed the Video.

[@123456iambelial]

I am studying for CCNA Voice, and this video clears a lot of missing information. I subscribed! Thank you sir.

[@crossthemostwanted]

Very well explained. One can give a lecture on basics after watching it. Thumbs up.

[@PBC66]

ADSL is effectively "piggybacked" onto a standard line and filtered at your premises. So if installed properly, the regular telephone side of the connection can be used for anything that a non-ADSL telephone line can be used for, including fax or dial-up computer access.

[@DreamerDs]

Thanks for such an in depth knowledge!

[@kingscobo4415]

Thanks Eli....that was awesome lesson,Be blessed

[@denniswilson2719]

Very educational video. You explain things in a way that makes the content very easy to understand. I look forward to watching your other videos.

[@popeyejones1]

Sir, I am looking at this as a new career. Thanks for being informative and fun. I am only half way through, and am having a nerdgasm! Screw the haters, some of us want to be constantly learning... Awesome job dude!

[@rudydimagiba9964]

You rock Eli! Thanks for all these great videos you shared. Great Teacher you are!! Keep up the good work. Thank you.

[@willb169]

I now am a tad less clueless about phones than before :-) Thanks! When I was totally green and still wet behind the ears, I worked for a company that had some old ugly looking menu driven interface for their PBX or VM. It was a HUGE company and only 1 solitary IT guy handled all phone tickets. Obviously he was worth his weight in gold and his job security was fairly untouchable...

[@efeshenem18]

amazing video. thank you so much. well explained and I fully understood it. you're the best teacher.

[@numeratordenominator8564]

hey eli please upload videos on pri connectivity with pbx system

[@trial000000000000001]

Thank you so much. Really thank you!! this video cleared out most of my confusion related to this topic.

[@elenadiehl8401]

Great explanations!!! Thank you

[@DinilGunaratne]

*_Clearly and thoroughly explained. Subscribed._*

[@robbyzoom5453]

extremely well explained...thank ya mate!

[@rishabhsingh2011]

Thanku sir, for explaining it very simply and clearing our concepts. Thanks a lot😊

[@oktoframe]

amazing tutorial . i like all the tutorials you have posted, as they are easy to understand and relate to for someone who is new to certain topicx /technologies.....thanks agan...god bless

[@TrafficFeed]

Informative! VOIP and 4 years fast forward and ton of companies with virtually free services...