Is Artificial Gravity Really Achievable? | Answers With Joe

[@SmartK8]

Alien astronomer: "We've detected a crazy uninhabitable planet. It's mostly water and the atmosphere contains high levels of oxygen!" Alien superior: "Deadly combination, indeed. Any life there would either be dissolved or died of poisoning." Alien astronomer: "I'll just put 'barren' as a status on these types of planets." Alien superior: "Good work!"

[@Kesiif]

Now I wonder how many alien ships have oxidation problems so they just avoid oxygen

[@devandevan1403]

It’s weird how we tend to always assume that life on other planets probably requires water and oxygen, while in reality something like water could poison them

[@Kesiif]

@@mumblbeebee6546 dihydrogenmonoxide

[@Kesiif]

@@mumblbeebee6546 you said h2o2 aka hydrogen per oxide

[@Sgrunterundt]

@@Kesiif Well, what he said was certainly true.

[@matthewsebire2755]

"Optimal conditions... ...in a 50 degree temperature range" *sweats in celcius*

[@a4yster]

As my trucking trainer, a former Navy seal, suffering from PTSD after Iraq, explained: if you are thinking in celcius, meters, and kilograms, you are basically enemy of America, and we are coming for you.

[@isaaclai3523]

@@a4yster Uh, o... k?

[@quepanchonjr]

a4yster 😭 please don’t do that! I’m so scared 😭😭😭 Momma 🏃🏻‍♂️

[@gloriabeckley7464]

a4yster You friend won’t do well in science.

[@A.S.K.1]

The temperature "range" is from the coldest to hottest that we can to live in, comfortably. And was probably stated in °Celsius. He didn't mean we would be happy in 50°C

[@jcortese3300]

"We could turn gravity off and on however we wanted!" Yeah, I trust that ability bestowed on the species that designed the Ford Pinto.

[@a.d.janson]

HAHAHAHAHHAHAHAAA

[@alyssa2796]

AHHHHHH i love pinto slander. That car was a nightmare. Pay $12,000 to become a car bomber.

[@samsmith4242]

Probably like light bulbs though, making one to get of Earth at first is likely very difficult (and who knows what that does to time)

[@francuarayan736]

Perhaps even more funny in Brazil "Pinto" means "Dick" in Portuguese.

[@cybersentient4758]

@@francuarayan736 bruh moment

[@SebastienPatriote]

I always found it funny on Star Trek when the ship has MASSIVE damage and absolutely nothing works anymore... the artificial gravity still works...

[@Natintx088]

Yes! Just once it would’ve been nice if Picard’s tea would’ve gone floating up in little sphere’s! Control panels sparking everywhere and redshirts getting tossed all about, but that AG is indestructible. You’d think that is one of the first things that Q would’ve messed with….. the gravity. Not the tea. Well maybe the tea too.

[@geraldfishenden3682]

Not in all the Start Trek films is doesn't. One of the newer ones, can't think of name

[@afriendofafriend5766]

It depends on how it works, if it's an active system that needs electricity or something I agree, but if it's plating or something that just has a magical property of gravity than it would work regardless.

[@joeshmoe7967]

@@Natintx088 Mess with the tea????!!!! Have you NO conscience???!!! After hard day of exploring the universe, all a guy wants is a nice cup of tea.....and we think the Aliens will be vicious.....

[@stephenshoihet2590]

Well, consider that it's one of the most critical systems on a ship, along with inertial dampening and probably more critical than life support and you'll see why it rarely fails. There are several episodes of ST where gravity fails temporarily or a dead ship has no gravity requiring the crew to use "gravity" boots. Generally though you ignore it unless you need it as a plot device. I think it's more amusing that the vast majority of planets they visit have a gravitational force similar to earth.

[@ralphe5842]

When I'm on the toilet I'm so glad there's gravity

[@yufgtyufejrrty7273]

Thank God we don't have to pay 19 million for a toilet

[@ValensBellator]

I just saw NASA announced a $35k reward for the best design of a toilet that would function on the moon and after thinking about it I realized a lot of things could go terribly, terribly wrong on a moon toilet 😂

[@rd_nindo3542]

Same 🙂

[@lcmiracle]

@@ValensBellator A, shit must stick to the inner walls of the toilet; second, by whatever means the toilet must remove the feces from its bowels inwards; lastly, the materials inherent and present upon the user, with the exception of the wastage thusly expelled, must remain undistrubed during and after the process. Suggestion: a diaper disposer.

[@FartSmella-wait-no]

Just poop harder

[@RM_VFX]

I always imagine the first relativistic space travelers, finally arriving at a habitable world, only to find hyperspace travelers from later generations have already come and gone with all the resources.

[@suicideistheanswer369]

that's a cool thought

[@dougerrohmer]

@ayy lmao nope, why? It's like swinging past the pilgrims in the Atlantic while they are heading to the States but it's 2022. Imran, those dudes didn't party, so why bother?

[@johnj1789]

It's a short story called "Far Centaurus". A science fiction story by A. E. van Vogt, first published in 1944.

[@Stuiterkuiken]

Read Niven

[@josephsummer777]

@@johnj1789 is that the tale where Earthlings traveling opposite ways around our galaxy encounter one another but they’ve evolved into very different kinds f humans? Maybe I’m thinking of a sixties era sci-fi story. AE Van Vogt was a favorite of mine back in the sixties. And his name was very Sci-fi.

[@matthewwriter9539]

"My biggest problem with the future is that I am not allowed in most of it."

[@Verrisin]

You never know. ^^

[@JAnx01]

You can have all the surveillance and people / corporations in positions of power spying on you.

[@rbelf001]

Hate to break it to you.. You will live forever.. In one of two places.

[@Verrisin]

@@rbelf001 I'm picking the third one.

[@mattyy101]

Alcor. Written revive when immortality it freely available.

[@stigish]

The Expanse did an amazing job showing the effects of gravity levels in different situations. It was amazing

[@nettewilson5926]

I thought they did as well as the could. Loved that show.

[@dianapennepacker6854]

Like how terrible a wound is in space. I never thought about bleeding in space. Figured you would bleed less, and it would be easier. Scott is right about how much space we waste in our homes. We must fix this to stop being wasteful. I demand all houses to be 7 foot ceilings unless you are over 7 foot! Same height, but instead of two floors, and an attic? Seven floors! That would be a crazy house. If I were filthy rich I would build it then rent it out for super cheap. Break even basically! Then if it succeeds I would buy a ton of highly sought after houses, and build these monstrosities as three people homes. Call it the rat house.

[@billybobhouse9559]

I get so excited about the idea of future space travel, but the more I learn, the more impossible it seems. We are nowhere near it yet. All the more reason to look after the planet we've got because we aren't going anywhere else for awhile.

[@djbis]

Sounds logical and sensible to me!

[@nettewilson5926]

And we have never been able to reproduce a sustainable biosphere even with no limit to energy input. Even here on our own planet.

[@cytherians]

It's a great idea that sparks the imagination, but seriously, realistically, sending humans to Mars is a flight of fancy that WILL either kill or serious damage the people that go there. I'm afraid science fiction has created a population of people deluded into thinking it is nearly within our grasp. No, it's all about the robots. We just need to send better ones. Humans should stay home. No resources required for biological sustainment means a huge savings too.

[@nettewilson5926]

@@cytherians I agree. Humans are never going to be able to adapt to space travel or life on any other planet, bc the cost to keep humans alive is enormous and we have NEVER been able to come anywhere close to sustaining a biosphere, even one on earth with unlimited energy input. I believe the future for space living will be either AI or some type of transhumanism.

[@cytherians]

@@nettewilson5926 Excellent point, about the biospheres. They were insightful test cases of a totally contained and isolated ecosystem with humans in the mix, to see if the system could be sustained... and in all cases, things went awry. It proved that a natural ecosystem is a highly complex interdependence of many things which we, as humans, can't sufficiently replicate. "The Martian" was precisely that--fiction.

[@exoplanets]

Every video on this channel is a *master piece*

[@MrOj59]

Watch Isaac Arthur for true scientific masterpieces

[@robertgraybeard3750]

@@MrOj59 - I like both, of course. Six of one, half a dozen of the other.

[@Spedley_2142]

@@MrOj59 I really want to but his videos are just too long! I've had him on my list for so long but just keep pushing him back.. :)

[@Spedley_2142]

I agree. Perfect mix of science, future tech, basic knowledge and geek-out theory. Joe is quite a natural if he does it all himself!

[@_nebulousthoughts]

That statement is 100% factual! The best kind of statement.

[@dominicjose1116]

Joe : "Get back to work!" Astronaut : *[sad astronaut noises]*

[@SimpleWolfStudios]

@peace leader Wot

[@lomstair7546]

In space, no one can hear you make sad noises

[@PhilG999]

Topic I've thought about for some time! We understand a LOT about Gravity, its properties, how to calculate it based on the mass of objects and their distance apart. But the "mechanism" of gravity (Gravitons or some other as yet undiscovered thing) remains elusive. Being able to manipulate Gravity would be the game changer!

[@onidaaitsubasa4177]

Nowadays it is a game changer, but the government and military still keep most of it a secret.

[@onidaaitsubasa4177]

Gravity is basically accumulated mass particle attraction, basically the more particles you have in a particular area the greater the attraction force between the particles, everything has a bit of mass even photons are affected by the gravity of large space objects they're not affected a lot due to the speed they travel at, but their course isn't a straight line as most would assume.

[@PhilG999]

@@onidaaitsubasa4177 I am quite familiar with the effects of Gravity. But again the "Mechanism" of its transmission is still a subject of debate...

[@ChristopherGuilday]

@@onidaaitsubasa4177Right, we understand why we have gravity but not exactly how. Think about the energy required to keep the earth together due to particle attraction as you mentioned. How does that work? Thats what we don’t quite understand.

[@KaeYoss]

During a recent accident in a laboratory, a man was frozen to absolute zero, but he is 0K now.

[@suske069]

That must have brought him to a complete standstill.

[@stanettiels7367]

Excellent 😂👍🏻👏🏻.

[@dannydetonator]

I shouldn't like the inaccurate science joke, but... hell yeah. Reaching an actual 0° K could bring us a doomsday or time travel or something (not shure about the lowest energy level ever), but the lowest we've managed in a lab is around 0.15° K or -371°C. So there is no practical 0°K, plz.

[@human9458]

I had to read it twice to get the joke but it's a good one. Well done

[@LordOrwell]

@@dannydetonator they've used lasers to hit 0'k by stopping the molecule vibration. You end up with a blurry molecule since you can't precisely know motion and location at the same time.

[@sharks3010]

One of the reasons I love this channel so much is that it constantly challenges my brain with bits of information or scenarios that I would never normally think of. Even though this video was no different, I did have a small anxiety attack at 4:15. The idea of being in a weightless environment with nobody else around me and no way of propelling myself forward, just floating without the ability to get to my food, water or help... is terrifying. The idea that you're free to move but at the same time completely trapped and cut off is bizarre.

[@johngreen4610]

Just take a deep breath then blow out hard many times in the same direction. It'll take time but it will work. Works just like a rocket.

[@richardsilva-spokane3436]

The arguments/solutions always seem to boil down to this maxim: “If we had some ham, we could make ham and eggs...if we had eggs” 😉

[@arcticbadger1]

Makin bacon 🐖😉

[@johnburt7935]

Gosh, I thought my father-in-law was dead...!

[@ActualLiteralKyle]

NOW IM HUNGRY DANG IT

[@richardsilva-spokane3436]

Kyle Shepherd ...LOL!!! You made my morning! Good day to you 👍👍👍

[@johnburt7935]

@@richardsilva-spokane3436 I finally remembered what all this talk about having ham and eggs in space was reminding me of - it was a line in Arthur C. Clarke's short story "The Sentinel" (which eventually became the centerpiece of *_2001: A Space Odyssey)_* in which someone is frying sausages aboard a spaceship on the Moon, only to get distracted and ruefully smell that those sausages "had made their quarter-million-mile journey in vain". "The Sentinel" is a very good story, and holds up well in spite of being so old it makes reference to the drying up of the water in the Lunar seas. I took pleasure in reading it to my son recently.

[@lavasharkandboygirl9716]

Joe you’re the best science teacher I’ve ever had

[@coreyhughes1456]

It just blew my mind that we could cross the milky way in 12 years with a constant 1g of acceleration. EDIT: Stop telling me this isn't possible. EDIT2: So many nerds acting like I said we have the technology to do this. Even if the laws of physics prevent it, I said nothing false.

[@patrickhill4562]

All for one, Crew-1 for all!

[@BigDaddyWes]

But we can't though.

[@coreyhughes1456]

@@BigDaddyWes Not with that attitude.

[@buddhamack1491]

Yeah if you were on board the ship. The ship still takes over 100,000 years to do it, just not to you.

[@Inaros404]

Red 5, reporting in

[@grandetaco4416]

Douglas Adams was right, the art to flying is throwing yourself at the ground and missing.

[@jackielinde7568]

I thought it was tripping and forgetting to fall down.

[@benjaminbrewer2569]

If you want to have ago at this I recommend very low jump off points. As a first timer, never throw yourself at the ground from more then a few inches.

[@kajdronm.8887]

That is exaclty, what the moon does all the time.

[@steve25782]

Right, as Douglas Adams observed. Throwing yourself at the ground and missing is called being in orbit. :-)

[@1000dots]

Joe: talks about gravity stuff Marty McFly: this is heavy

[@TheBenjdude]

There's that word again: heavy. Why are things so heavy in the future? Is there a problem with the Earth's gravitational pull?

[@Allan_aka_RocKITEman]

@1000dots >>> You beat me to it...😊

[@trevormacintosh3939]

By far the most frustrating thing about Gravity is how incredibly weak it is: Results from gravitational experiments we attempt in labs are ridiculously difficult to measure, and the only other option is looking up into space and hoping something happens that tests whatever it is we're studying; It's practically impossible to include gravity in any Quantum theories since it's effects don't even register at that scale; And even if we somehow figured out a perfect theory of Gravity that works seamlessly with the Standard Model and we discovered some way of controlling it, we would still only be able to generate tiny effects unless we were willing to make planet sized machines.

[@mikeg4972]

But...but.. 2001: A Space Odyssey promised me a giant space wheel!

[@DagarCoH]

They also promised a murderous AI that likes to sing lullabies, yet here we are

[@scruffster2497]

@@DagarCoH Give it time. They say you can't rush genius.

[@piotrd.4850]

@@DagarCoH They promised no such thing - they warned against imparting nuances of human social behaviour on psychology of alien, not entirely understood intelect.

[@tomvincent3234]

@@piotrd.4850 so right u are pete

[@johnunderwood-hp8rj]

@Oma Cool The people working on nuclear fusion are doing precisely that. Spinning massive plama to create a synthetic mass so it fuses like the sun. It produces an artificial gravity well because it reacts like mass. At the moment its effects aren't very controllable. Not to mention it takes 10 GW in to get 3GW out. Until it makes more energy than it takes to produce it isn't commercially viable.

[@timalatorredomum]

Joe, great video. I'm the Senior Design Architect for the Von Braun Space Station. If you ever want to get into the weeds on the physics of living in low gravity rotational environments let me know.

[@timalatorredomum]

@Wade We let you think that to keep you happy. However, we do have a special round filing cabinet for all your designs!

[@Frejborg]

Please, enlighten us all Mr.Alatorre.

[@chuckschillingvideos]

@@Frejborg Oh, it's just a fairy tale. But supposedly a private foundation is going to build an earth-orbiting hotel in five years or less. Should make for some good comedy, methinks.

[@dg-vg9di]

Cool

[@jake4101]

Will there be a Goering suite at the Von Braun hotel?

[@deanrobert8674]

Understanding the theory of a person traveling at the speed of light and its effect on time. Just means you end up behind your book shelf for who knows how long !

[@tapgatewayltduk]

You don't need to travel at the speed of light. Just fit the stealth bomber with space capability and a supercomputer to control the navigation and imagine the speed it would travel at. They already travel 3 times speed of sound, but take that thrust into space and it triples its speed exponentially. High speed its not the issue anyway, the issue is they don't have supercomputer to navigate the stars and such high speed man cannot navigate manually, it must be automated.

[@Eury9819]

@@tapgatewayltduk also atmospheric engines don't work in space

[@tapgatewayltduk]

@@Eury9819 how do you think they use jet thrusters in space then kzbin.info/www/bejne/p4jNaKp4faeSqKc they do because they carry their own combustion fuel

[@shplayshiggty7537]

@TAP Gateway Ltd the reason regular "jet engines " such as the ones on the bomber uses air mixed with fuel to create combustion. Rockets carry their own mixed fuel which happens to include oxygen. This is the reason you can't have fire in space. Just a fyi.

[@bigsmall246]

@@tapgatewayltduk stellar navigation is child's play. A handphone processor can do it. Hell, people were doing MANUAL calculations to navigate the seas centuries ago.

[@calcetinmetalero]

We are nothing but fishes who need to carry their own fish tank in order to explore the universe.

[@kevindouglas2060]

Artificial gravity produced by rotation would certainly be different. I think people would be able to adapt fairly well at least in the short term. Years ago my wife and I took a train ride in Canada. The tracks weren't very smooth and the train accelerated randomly in various directions. None of us passengers could walk without holding on to something. Yet in the dining car the waitress was fully adapted she walked easily carrying trays of food. Then unbelievably poured coffee without spilling any. Although artificial gravity would be different . I doubt it would be as difficult as the random movements of that train.

[@netgnostic1627]

Try playing ping-pong under those conditions

[@insane_troll]

8:44 - Foolish human! When you decelerate with nuclear explosions you no more run into the debris than when you are using it to accelerate. The debris is flying away from you at high speed and you are slowing down so you don't catch up to it. You would only run into the debris if you were doing it in an atmosphere.

[@Andrew-jh2bn]

This! I was going to comment the same thing but you beat me to it.

[@TheFreeBass]

Maybe I'm just too dumb to visualize it, but if the "debris" is flying away from you at high speed then what is slowing you down?

[@MrManNumber1]

@@TheFreeBass if you were to be drifting through space on a trajectory towards Mars your experience would be that you were not moving and Mars was approaching you. If you threw a ball towards Mars you would see it travel at a steady rate towards Mars from your position and if you threw it hard enough Mars would approach you slower.

[@Andrew-jh2bn]

@@TheFreeBass in space there isn't any difference between "forward" and "backwards". Rockets work by propelling gas away at very high speeds. That doesn't change simply because the rocket changes direction.

[@recurrenTopology]

Exactly! Was going to say the same. The presence of an atmosphere is so ingrained into our intuitions about traveling at speed that even people who should know better (Joe) make these kind of mistakes.

[@Brett_S_420]

As a pothead, I appreciate the perfect balance of elements in our atmosphere that allows me to take a breath of fresh air and makes the super-fat bong toke possible. Praise be to Jah!

[@mickmccrory8534]

I went to the Home Depot the other day, I asked the guy... "Where are the little aerator screens that go in the faucet." He walked over & showed me. He said "Some people get these for their pot pipes." I said,, "That's what I wanted them for."

[@MrStingray1985]

„... even if you’re just sitting on a toilet in the bathroom.“ Oops. You’ve got me.

[@MrFreakRite]

Same lol

[@donatodiniccolodibettobardi842]

Where I was when I _started_ watching or where I was while I was finishing watching it to justify myself procrastinating (by watching this video)?..

[@enjoythelife1]

*US

[@markparker8157]

Literally here rn lmao

[@doubtingtom92]

Yup. He got us 😅

[@tamasmihaly1]

"The Orion Boom-Boom machine!"

[@trashcan2088]

Yea, that one was funny.

[@Meatball2022]

I think I paid for one of these once in a trip south of the border...

[@gocalixto]

Love your videos! So simple, yet full of content and fun. I like how you use the same boring soundtrack in all videos, it feels like those science shows from the 90's - Nostalgic! Appreciate you sharing your knowledge. Human stupidity is presenting us in 2020 as our biggest existential threat. Education is fundamental for the survival of our species, so thank you for your service!

[@WaterspoutsOfTheDeep]

Your comment is ironic given what he talks about. I don't get how someone can run a science based channel yet completely ignore how everything they are explaining is clearly fine tuned and designed and pretend naturalism can produce it while flat out knowing there is no mechanism or logic that can. Mindless unguided process can't magically code information based life. There is no physical process or natural phenomenon that can create such communicative information. It's an immaterial concept to start with information. Rationality does not come from irrationality, the burden of proof is on those who say it does the naturalist. Natural selection is variation allowed within the genome. It's not a mechanism for evolution, it can't create anything. Turning genes on and off and swapping them isn't creating the genes to start with. No new information is being created. Entropy and information theory all point towards information decaying over time not the reverse. The statistical probability and logistics alone make evolutionary theory patently absurd. Whole thing is ridiculous to even entertain. It's all predicated on a mechanism that does not exist and logically can not exist.

[@felox1715]

"unless we have a massive breakthrough in plasma drive technology" *The epstein drive*

[@etherious552]

Expanse be like

[@brandonhoffman4712]

thanks to Epstein's private island craziness, I don't think we'll ever see an Epstein drive realized. even if the inventors last name happened to be Epstein!

[@bradleylindsey3540]

epstein drive is just daedalus engine except it magically doesn't need radiators

[@OptimumAwesome]

Ah, I see you're a man of culture as well.

[@astronomenov99]

Beltalowda!

[@thedave7760]

One of my first memories of having a strong dream when I was a kid was in my house but there was a light switch I could use to turn off gravity. Such a strong dream I woke up once and thought it was real.

[@MrLanceHeartnet]

My 1st and only "strong dream" is living regularly doing something regular, the only difference is the planet (not sure if its earth) has a mirror planet. When looking at the sky you see another "earth". On that earth is also have another version of you and you somehow feel the connection with the mirror person. The dream is so strong and realistic I felt like I've been living there my whole life.

[@davidcarbonnel6396]

Ha! "The Orion Boom Boom Machine" that's totally what I call it.

[@nekad2000]

Cool, can't wait for the gravity bomb that will inevitably be developed right alongside artificial gravity in space ships

[@brookestephen]

*Dzhanibekov effect is a HUGE PROBLEM that no one talks about!* when the center of rotation is not the center of mass, the ship will flip, and shred itself by shear stress. *NOBODY KNOWS* how close the two centers need to be at a minimum, or the maximum time period we have to re-arrange the mass.

[@walterammons5344]

@3:52 marker when he says " but seriously, even if your sitting on the toilet watching this" 😳👀🤷‍♂️🚽🧻 Busted

[@williambock6975]

Oh s**t!! I’m still laughing at the thought of being stuck in the middle of a large room!😂 Oh no! Bouncing round the rocket!!😂

[@butterchuggins5409]

You can always fart yourself across the room. Hey hey hey hey... Eat beans every day

[@NICEFINENEWROBOT]

Let everyone have a superman cape and use it to wiggle thru the room with a little flapping. Problem solved by Superman.

[@brandonhoffman4712]

do the worm!

[@chrismuir8403]

I can imagine a new fashion accessory for astronauts - a small folding hand fan to propel oneself with!

[@brandonhoffman4712]

@@chrismuir8403 then suddenly realizing it just makes you spin!

[@thebeardedseeker5633]

Joe reminds me of Charlie Day from It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia.

[@jasonharrison25]

Spaceship!

[@marlostanfield4193]

The Bearded Seeker only a lot smarter haha

[@Earthad23]

Charlie work is hard

[@donniemartin7677]

It's not him?.....

[@lindamaemullins5151]

Ikr

[@agirlyman]

Man every Sci-fi question I'm had in my head lately you've done a video on thanks!

[@CarlosAM1]

Actually you would be flying away from the blasts since those keep their velocity but you start moving backwards faster and faster.

[@o0shivashakti0o]

I had this same thought but then I wondered if he means you are flying through the blasts you fired to accelerate in the first place. The ones fired before spinning the ship around to begin the deceleration phase.

[@Master_Therion]

I think we will solve this problem soon. You know the saying, "Where there's a will, there's a weigh."

[@Szobiz]

that may explain my weighlessness

[@jackielinde7568]

Sorry, Master Therion, but that pun is bringing me down. :(

[@feynstein1004]

Eh kinda weak tbh. Just like Mars' gravity :P

[@tomvincent3234]

Just because we desire something has no bearing on us being able to achieve it or obtaining the resources or finances to put it into action even if we could solve it. Unfortunately dreams are not always achievable. Sorry to sound like such a buzz kill.

[@mikeciul8599]

Hey Joe, I love your coverage of space technology but lately I've been thinking about oceans. I think you've mentioned the importance of oceans to the climate, but I'd like to hear about stuff people are doing to understand and protect the Earth's oceans. Like Boyan Slat! Could you do a video on The Ocean Cleanup or anything else ocean-related?

[@cytherians]

2001: A Space Odyssey was such a masterpiece and Kubrick's SFX team did an amazing job of helping to make it fully believable that rotation was so plainly the way to create artificial gravity. There was a flaw, though... the moon. Everyone moved about the Clavius base like there was 1G gravity. Anyway, the one thing that made the most sense was suspended animation. Wake the crew up for short periods of doing work, then put them back in hibernation. Of course, assuming it's a perfect kind of hibernation where no bone or muscle mass is lost...

[@sefirotsama]

Do you know that "O2" image you pasted at the beginning is the logo of a famous telekom company?

[@liveconcertshortvideos5712]

I saw that too:D

[@MissRiny]

I lost my shit when I saw it.

[@unom9515]

Ya, best the joke ever!

[@Lordosvk]

He didn't :D

[@michalispappas7883]

You are part of my hangover cure. Cheers from Greece!

[@Dbly-ju4ov]

>O'Neill Cylinders First thing I thought at the title. Where are my Gundam boyz at?

[@junrosamura645]

At your Side, see what I did there? ;)

[@Menaceblue3]

Lt. Quattro, he is a CHAR

[@Emira_75]

0:30 Joe did you intend to use the O2 logo? (British telecoms company) 😂😂

[@ottballday3460]

I thought I recognized my dad's project on the page and I was correct. I just want to point out that the credit for the Nautilus-X design should not go to "NASA" but to the two engineers who painstakingly designed it - Mark Holderman and Edward Henderson.

[@user-sx4yu3nw4j]

Patents are routinely awarded to companies/entities and not the individual employees

[@joeshmoe7967]

As I commented to Tim. How far would Holderman and Henderson get, with out the funding? You get hired and paid to design and innovate, but the company gets the rights, unless otherwise negotiated. I would be in favour of them getting some or more recognition, same others who have designed or invented something.

[@krzysztofkowalski2816]

Those barely come off as Dutch

[@wbrandon78]

Your vids are outstanding man! Keep up the awesome work!

[@unbottledgenie4914]

Just scrolled down to the comments to see if someone from the ISS commented🤣

[@MrKangdon]

At 8:50 you ignore the fact that, in the rocket's frame of reference (in empty space), decelleration is no different from acceleration. That is to say, you would not be "flying into" nuclear explosions any more than you would be "flying out" of them in the acceleration phase. In any case, powering a rocket with nuclear warheads is certainly insane.

[@Car_Mo]

Assuming nuclear explosions generate radioactive radiation centered around the blast point, wouldn't flying away from the explosion be healthier than flying through the explosion?

[@TriggerHappyRC1]

No mention of The Expanse? Would have been perfect for this episode.

[@robt7713]

I loved how based in current technology the Expanse is.

[@TriggerHappyRC1]

@@robt7713 Agreed. A lot of movies show how all technology changes in the future. I think in most cases that wouldn't happen simply because ergonomics mean that the devices need to remain the same shape and appearance.

[@hunterg.6310]

QuickFireGaming they have all those technologies now, but are hidden until space force comes about.

[@CaseyFinSF]

@@hunterg.6310 Space Force is a silly Trumpoid concept meant to make the public look in that direction while the money is thrown into a black budget hole. We already have, and have had a Space Force for some years now under the auspices of the Air Force and the Navy.

[@hunterg.6310]

TheConspiracy Realist Very true. Since the 40’s I believe. Nazis Germany was the first to travel far beyond this solar system. Paper clip infiltrated the US after the UFOs appearance at Washington. Any the re-emergence of technologies that we had since the 40’s-50’s will push forward humanity into a golden age like Star Trek era secretly from the emergence of space force and patients ready to be unblocked. Hopefully this comes sooner then later my dude.

[@ryandsouza9093]

They need to add gyms to space ships. Like what Goku used to train for Namek 😂

[@sanrasuzumaki942]

The Gravity of this is situation immense.

[@agalah408]

"Whoa...This is heavy" "There's that word again. "Heavy." Why are things so heavy in the future? Is there a problem with the Earth's gravitational pull?"

[@ailfawka6278]

Artificial gravity has to happen, because among other things we need it on a cellular level to survive in the long run, so we need it to stay alive in space and on other planets. With that said, I'm leaning towards quantum mechanics getting us to the sweet spot technologically...might be worth looking into.

[@poppyrider5541]

Artificial gravity from fundamental will never be discovered. If it is we then have the ability to go back in time and the universe bashes it's own head in with a brick.

[@NICEFINENEWROBOT]

@Ail Fawka Dreamer, oh let me be a dreamer...

[@AutismIsUnstoppable]

We might be able to do something with the higgs boson/higgs mechanism.

[@NICEFINENEWROBOT]

@@AutismIsUnstoppable Science Fiction is not to be read by gullible folks.

[@AutismIsUnstoppable]

@@NICEFINENEWROBOT 200 years ago the world we live in now would be unimaginable. Who knows what we could work out in the next 200. I wouldn't rule it out.

[@adamrak7560]

You have made a mistake: If you flip your direction when using Orion drive you are not flying into your nuclear explosions. You can get some "wind" of your previous (before you flipped) explosions, but they should dissipate very well in a day or two. So you can completely avoid contamination from the flip. Because there is no stationary atmosphere in space (or at least: practically), firing your Orion drive opposite of the direction of your velocity does not result in flying into nuclear explosions at all. Things are quite a bit different if you are travelling at relativistic speeds.

[@johnborden9208]

Exactly! Whether you're speeding up or slowing down, the ship would always be moving away from the explosions. (Or the explosions always moving away from the ship, if we want to look at it that way.) BTW, in the near perfect vacuum of Space, I wouldn't be surprised if a smallish nuclear explosion would dissipate to the point of harmlessness in just a few minutes.

[@Car_Mo]

@@johnborden9208 Not saying you're wrong, but I'm not convinced. The radioactivity produced by a nuclear explosion would travel in all directions from the impact, I don't how see the lack of atmosphere magically makes it instantly disappear and/or become harmless

[@jeffs6090]

"Microgravity....I can see people writing about this in the comments already. Everyone: deleting what they were just writing.

[@rstelzer2928]

Actually.... the idea of microgravity being proportional by the square root... is IDENTICAL to the dispersion of energy by AREA rather than direct line distance. That was a hint. The problem with science is that it's own perspective is erroneous. There aren't 4 forces; there is only ONE, and there can BE only One. And onl;y from THAT perspective can anyone (heh heh heh) truly understand gravity, and all other EFFECTS too.

[@Botaccount31]

@@rstelzer2928 Pretty sure you just pulled 90% of that outta your ass.

[@akapilka]

@Ed Straker because the ISS is cancelling that force via acceleration. That's why there's almost 0G there.

[@NICEFINENEWROBOT]

@Ed Straker Commander Straker, where and when did you get your Space Captain Patent? Your science is pretty warped.

[@NICEFINENEWROBOT]

@Ed Straker Centripetal - centrifugal forces an issue? What will you consider to be "micro"? Is "free fall" micro? Gravity pulls you but you don't feel it - is that micro?

[@powerhouse8310]

The problems you mention for the 4-mile wide cylinder are only really applicable on a small scale. There would be virtually no discernable difference when throwing a ball or turning your head because the effects on your body are relatively the same when compared to the speed of the core since it's 4 miles wide.

[@workerdroid290]

Gravity is not a force,it an effect of a force. Understanding the force that produces gravity is the next important step. Recreating and controlling that force will produce a useful gravity control and eventually propulsion . I expect it is bound to dark energy research, since there is observable evidence that galaxies are accelerating outward, which suggests energy is continuing to be produced somewhere. I think black holes is a good place to look. All that compressed matter, and energy. Maybe produces dark energy. Notice how all objects in space conform to a universal spherical shape? That suggests a pressure similar to atmospheric pressure here on earth….but in space.

[@saleenstringfellow9148]

Thank you for all your hard work, you did amazing! I appreciate you taking the time to share your knowledge 😊

[@pl8827]

When you listed the issues with "weightlessness" I think you missed one of the biggest problems: Reproduction. While no space agency has done rigorous experimentation on it, small scale tests have failed to get a successful incubation of any vertebrate. Some invertebrates have been hatched, but Mice and Frogs fail to develop embryos, and it seems very likely humans simply wouldn't be able to get pregnant without gravity; which kinda puts a kibosh on long term colonization of space without being able to replicate gravity.

[@michaelnewton1754]

Interesting... I wonder why, and how much gravity would be needed. I always figured the tethered ships in formation would be the way to go. You could extend the tether enough that the rotations could be slow, and the difference between pull at head and feet would be minimal. Then maybe have some sort of 'climber' unit attached to the tether, to transport people and items between the ships.

[@pl8827]

@@michaelnewton1754 My guess is that there are many points in orientation and migration of cells during embryo development that uses gravity as a guide. I'd wager that it doesn't take much gravity to get embryo development of vertebrates, but micro gravity (which is pretty much none) just won't work. Like I said this hasn't been thoroughly tested, but NASA has failed to get fertilized frog eggs to develop in micro gravity and mice fail to reproduce and get pregnant; that's all we have to go on at this time. Spiders, ants and most plants are just fine though, if it is an issue it only seems to effect vertebrates.

[@richardsilva-spokane3436]

...if a fetus did develop in

[@JFrazer4303]

Animals have lived for generations in hypergravity in centrifuges. They're stronger and more healthy with linger lives, than controls.

[@hdufort]

One of the most interesting concepts that was explored recently in science fiction is the concept of a ring ship, where the WHOLE SHIP is rotating. Including the engine block. I'm talking about the Endurance in Interstellar. In all the previous movies and in the literature in general, we imagine a ship with a static (non-rotating) center core with engines, and then a rotating ring attached to it. There are major issues with these designs. The rotating ring needs to have a rotating airlock with the center core, which is a nightmare of engineering. And you have a rotating thing with mechanical parts and lubricants. So The Endurance's design makes much more sense. Make the whole ship rotate. Any ship with multiple rocket engines can be easily controlled by computers. Without the assistance of computers, it would be hell to pilot. But it's true for most designs anyway.

[@tsamoka6496]

That is a fantastic idea. The only problem would be the faster you accelerate forwards, the more the "gravity" of the ship moves towards the engines. Imagine standing on a 45 degree angle relative to both the floor and the wall! I'm sure there could be some way of dealing with this, but it certainly would be a crazy experience. =^x^=

[@sequoiamechana9802]

In 2006 the ESA did an experiment proving you could create gravitomagnetic fields to warp space time by rotating superconductors at high speeds, prior to that it was shown in two separate experiments in the 90s, one by a Chinese-American named Dr. Ning-Li researcher at the Center for Space Plasma and Aeronomic Research and Eugene Podkletnov at the D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia in Moscow.

[@olivergriffiths1996]

Could astronauts sleeps in a spinning ship and work in the ‘day’ back in zero G?

[@MarsStarcruiser]

Oliver Griffiths Sailors deal with the rising and falling sensation and directional changes, which is very similar to shifting gravitation on the body. The fact they can eat, sleep and work... it won’t necessarily be optimal, but I’m sure its doable.

[@aussiedonaldduck2854]

I have also wondered this. They could also spend recreation time lying in bed reading or watching KZbin? You could have a big flywheel with 2 or 4 or 6 cabins for Astronauts and then the central area in zero G. In fact any recreational activity that can be done in bed could be done in the cabins?! :-) If they spent 50% time in artificial gravity & 50% in nil, surely this would be of some benefit on arrival.

[@travispluid3603]

I mean, it does take time for the negative effects of 0g to actually show up, right? So, theoretically it might be a good way to do it. And it'd be sort of cool in a weird way. Could almost replace the concept of ambient light levels being connected to time to ambient acceleration being connected to time... That'd be interesting.

[@olivergriffiths1996]

I’ve heard that astronauts often struggle to sleep on the ISS due to the low gravity so it might even help with that too. If you only need to sleep in gravity it only needs to be a small part of the ship that actually spins. Maybe they have a huge central hub in zero G with small sleep pods rotating on cables far from the centre

[@calvingreene90]

Don't forget working out in the spin gravity.

[@xUdieToox]

“Even if just like, sitting on a toilet in the bathroom” Me: *homer_simpson_bush.gif*

[@jerriktorp8709]

Lol how did he know???

[@claycoates5056]

you mean that the Astronauts can not call home to Houston and tell them that they have a problem WOW with out Gravity there is a problem HOW Shocking that Would be

[@johnunderwood-hp8rj]

@@claycoates5056 You aren't wrong. If you haven't seen the current space toilet, which is a nightmare, you've missed something. It uses suction and you have to have good aim or crap all over the crew compartment.

[@maxmckeen4376]

*is sitting on the toilet in the bathroom*

[@araghon007]

Hey Joe, the symbol you used for O2 is actually the logo of a mobile carrier in Europe

[@dreamyrhodes]

I always found that the worst name for a mobile carrier ever. I mean wtf where they thinking?

[@takeshmode]

When I hear about concepts of anti gravity I can't help but think of coral castle and how one guy was able to supposedly move tons of coral.

[@navret1707]

“Any sufficiently advanced technologies are indistinguishable from magic.” Arthur C. Clarke

[@Valchrist1313]

“A coprophage calls for a plate, shits on it and eats the shit, exclaiming, "Mmmm, that's my rich substance.” ― William S. Burroughs

[@aceleraupmimster]

10:20 ‘Perfect efficiency, which doesn’t exist’ Superconductivity: *You dare challenge me to a dual?!*

[@Moodie111]

Very clever. Me likee!

[@rickdiculous9208]

Under pressure strikes again!😂

[@marcusgilbert6350]

Uh, I couldn't use the ceiling corners of my room. They belong to the spiders, and encroaching upon their space would start a war I'm not willing to fight

[@tacct1kk715]

When you touched on the point about gravity being weaker at your head than your feet you forgot to say that this can be greatly minimised by increasing the diameter

[@Thurgor_Supreme]

Yes. Increasing the diameter to insane levels. He already talked about how 4 miles isn't good enough. You'd need so much diameter, you'd be crossing into science fiction territory.

[@hlkihglkhglkhg]

Imagine being 6 years into your trip only to be overtaken by another ship!

[@jjohnston94]

I recall reading a sci-fi short story to that effect.

[@hlkihglkhglkhg]

@@jjohnston94 You'd just exac. into space wouldn't you!

[@jjohnston94]

@@hlkihglkhglkhg I don't know, I don't know what that means.

[@jjohnston94]

@@hlkihglkhglkhg Well, they didn't kill themselves, but they were really bummed when the people they left behind were waiting for them when they got there.

[@microtonalmilio5233]

What you describe is a problem of the wait calculation. Knowing when to launch a ship at the pinnacle of a societies technological generation so that there isn't a future ship way faster launched only a year later, making the first ship really late to the party.

[@russlehman2070]

I'm sure I've seen this suggested somewhere before, but what about putting two habitats (or a habitat and a counterweight) at the ends of a long cable and spinning it up with rocket thrusters? It seems to me that, for either a permanent space station or a long interplanetary mission, you could achieve 1 G (or whatever fraction desired) with a much longer radius than with a rigid structure, which would eliminate or minimize the problem with coriolis effect. Of course there would be some engineering challenges with that approach.

[@johnlshilling1446]

The problem with this approach is the harmonic vibrations that the cable/tether would experience in a two body system. A three or more body system would be easier to control with thrusters. The natural tendency of the paths of three or more bodies is to remain in in a circle, that is constantly "trying" to escape its containment. Imagine a flexible wheel, as opposed to a flexible rope...

[@gerardcoyle2587]

As far as I know, there are two problems. First, there is always the possibility of the cable breaking. Second, a system like that would be very difficult to accelerate, decelerate or just plain manoeuvre.

[@neutrino78x]

@@johnlshilling1446 "A three or more body system would be easier to control with thrusters. " ok, so add a 2nd counterweight, for a total of three bodies. It's still much easier to build than a 4 mile wide functional structure 🙂

[@pablocaldeira1802]

I've been watching your videos for 4 years and i've yet to have noticed your texan accent until today, when I watched your video after smoking weed. I no ain't a native english speaker...but I had no idea how noticeable your accent was. Dude, it's amazing.

[@maxandmols9526]

Can confirm I was sat on a toilet when watching this video. Thanks Joe.

[@falgunraval4840]

Hey, you brought back under pressure joke from earlier episode. Nice!!😬👍

[@antonliverpool1]

You used the o2 cell phone network logo as the oxygen equation. I’m sure UK 🇬🇧 viewers recognised this

[@jl.7739]

So do Germans. But I think o2 belongs to Telefonica a Spanish company.

[@jordanp1622]

@@jl.7739 and Walmart owns Asda, what's your point?

[@jl.7739]

Jordan P there is nothing particularly British about o2. The company is Spanish and operates in many countries. It’s like saying: you showed a Microsoft logo there, Bolivian viewers will recognize that

[@NICEFINENEWROBOT]

Does it mean i'm prohibited from writing O₂? Are H₂ And H₂O still available?

[@dazza2350]

@@jordanp1622 whoa really in that case I'm going to be avoiding asda from now on

[@luciengrondin5802]

8:41 "Plus there is the problem that when you flip around, to decelerate at 1G, you'd be flying directly into nuclear explosions" No, you wouldn't. A rocket doesn't fly into its ejected propellant, nuclear or not.

[@acejames7718]

Gonna milk this interview.... yes, yes I am, expect more of it. 🤜🤛 Love your stuff brother.

[@henene4]

Not going to alarm you, but the O2 symbol you used is the (afaik trademarked) company logo of a german telecommunications company going by the name O2. Just FYI...

[@Thumbsupurbum]

Chemical symbols are trademark-able? Lemme trademark the letter H then.

[@henene4]

@@Thumbsupurbum Nah, but Telekom trademarked their pink over here, so not far off they would trademark that specific design with the blue fade and specific font. Just double checked, they have been absorbed into the Telefonica cooperation, haven't bothered checking any further yet.

[@SimonClarkstone]

And British. Now I think about it we have some silly telecom company names: O2, EE (including Orange), Three, Virgin (named by Richard Branson IIRC).

[@chipkosboth3233]

Basically, living in zero g and coming back to regular gravity is like reliving freshman year in college... doable.

[@michelelandolfi1572]

4:00 dude i am literally sitting on the toilet

[@Falcon9Block5]

Joe: Imagine if you could put stuff on the walls and ceiling Me: Ultamite cleaning nightmare

[@drpazzed1488]

Ultamite.

[@shareten1247]

Ultamite

[@TaeSunWoo]

Watching this on my break at the space station. Fight me

[@skipperofschool8325]

go watch kpop

[@TaeSunWoo]

Nesio you go watch it

[@a4yster]

@@skipperofschool8325 that's rayseest.

[@skipperofschool8325]

@@a4yster it's not racist

[@HarryGuit]

Given the „machine“ that lets us turn on gravity: how much energy would it consume to bend spacetime as much as the total mass of earth does to produce 1G?

[@Stephen5311]

We don't know because we don't even know if that's a thing.

[@WhosBean]

Off the cuff: e=mc^2, so if the centre of the curvature was the radius of Earth away from the ship, it would be c^2 times the mass of Earth. If the centre of curvature was at a distance d, then by the inverse square law the energy required would be mc^2/(R-d)^2 where R is the radius of Earth. Assuming perfect efficiency.

[@firebird690]

Firstly the whole inner ear thing only applies if the axis of rotation is not perpendicular to your net experienced downward force. This applies to all experiments done on earth with gravity also present, making down not in line with the radius of rotation. This would not be an issue in space where your plane of balance is orthogonal to the axis of centrifugal force (from your rotating reference frame), meaning there isn’t a difference in angular momentum when turning your head side to side (although dipping your head may still present some minor discomfort, so don’t do that). second that Coriolis effect on a 4 mile (6.4 km) radius would be relatively minor as it only effects movement between different positions along the radius of rotation, so long as you throw and catch at the same height (more or less) and don’t make an arc to makes up a significant fraction of the radius (who’s throwing balls several km in the air?) you would not observe it. Remember it is the difference is speed that gives rise to the Coriolis effect, 1 m height represents less than 0.02% of the radius and in turn less than 0.02% change in linear velocity (v = omega x r).

[@elzarayhatter985]

Andy: You can't just start a Mars trip with two weeks of recovery Elon Musk: Watch me

[@trashcan2088]

yea, Soon Elon Musk WILL learn the error of his ways. As well as anyone that follows him to mars. Our bodies evolved to function in 1G. Mars does not have that, and what happens on the I.S.S. Will happen to people on Mars. It will simply take a little longer for the symptoms to manifest and show up is all. He probably already knows this and this is why he will not be one of the first to go there.

[@NachoMan154]

9:00 There is no difference between accelerating with a-bombs an deccelerating!

[@jimpiaz9537]

I agree. Do you think that you would be traveling through the radiation plume if you flipped the rocket around and accelerated in the opposite direction

[@jimpiaz9537]

And also I used the word d accelerate because everybody else does nowadays. I never knew there was a word d accelerate. As a matter of fact I don't think there is. You just accelerating in a different direction. Yes I agree

[@NachoMan154]

@@jimpiaz9537 The Explosion travels along with the Ship in both Cases. There is no Difference!

[@arfyness]

Related, there is no objective frame of reference for velocity. Especially in a vacuum where there is no atmosphere which would be tempting to use as that frame of reference. The ship can be considered still in its own inertial frame of reference. In that framework, sure, there would be a very sparse appearance of atoms whizzing past (it's not a perfect vacuum) but they would have negligible effect on the "boom-boom" plume.

[@JFrazer4303]

There is no fireball, there is no huge flash, there is no mushroom cloud. The prompt neutrons and gamma rays depart the area at high speeds, as goes any debris.

[@Timbo6669]

"Elon Musk seems to dismiss the gravity problem'.....Yeah, that's why I'll never get in a Hyperloop.

[@lucofparis4819]

Hyperloop is just one of his PR stunts anyway. Vacuum trains are an _old_ idea, a good century old in fact. It's the good old - in an ideal situation where we ignore issues of feasibility what would work best? - kind of assumptions. It's a perfect way of considering things theoretically, but it's a horrible way of thinking in _any_ R&D process. Hence why vac trains _never_ entered the domain of applicability.

[@tinkumonikalita7459]

@@lucofparis4819 virgin just tested hyperloop successfully

[@lucofparis4819]

@@tinkumonikalita7459 Ah aha ha ha. Yes, on a one kilometer test track, which is basically useless and uninformative. It's just the plain old venture capital scheme all over again, except here it's a bullshit tech that no one knows how to make it commercially feasible yet. Enjoy the multimillion dollar advertisement adventure I guess! Wake me up the day it eventually barely succeeds to sound at least half as viable as a high speed bullet train.

[@saumyacow4435]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/aJmZdK1qndyoe6s

[@lucofparis4819]

@Matt K Unless you find an ingenious way to magnetize human bodies the impact of microgravity on the crew's health will remain, such that you'll have removed all of microgravity's advantages, and none of its issues.

[@pennydaytreasures8173]

I have a spinal Csf leak. I’ve had it for 10 years. It amazes me the only people who discuss anything close to what I feel daily is astronauts discussing symptoms of recovery from living in space

[@openlink9958]

1:23 "Something that we are not going to find anywhere else nearby" Venus: Am I joke to u?

[@RM_VFX]

I'm sure Venus was a bit crushed.

[@Beuerzeugsammler]

"hundreds of muscles activated right now to keep me from slumping to the floor" are you sure about that?

[@Faustobellissimo]

I don't know, lately I get the feeling that I'm not so much being pulled down as I am being pushed.

[@jackielinde7568]

Well, gravity is pulling you down. The chair you're sitting on is pushing back... and probably making fat boy/girl comments, because chairs are cheeky and rude like that.

[@jonathankey6444]

Nuce

[@scottpuckett7199]

Have you done a video explaining space time?

[@Michael_Lorenson]

"If you can control gravity, you can do anything." - Bob Lazar

[@LordOrwell]

@Thomas Chrombly there's no proof of this. Quantum Theory actually requires that there be one.

[@ZappyOh]

Recent developments have boosted Bob Lazar's credibility. It is time to take another look I think.

[@Michael_Lorenson]

@John Barber Damn! I was really hoping my gravity generator would allow me to become Speed Racer, actually. Curse you and your unassailable logic, Captain Literal!!

[@Michael_Lorenson]

@Thomas Chrombly I love Einstein's explanation of gravity, too. General Relativity is elegant and beautiful, and seems to be dead accurate on a super-atomic scale. Much like Newtonian physics seems dead accurate in its way. The problem is that Relativistic calculations produce absurd infinities on a sub-atomic scale. In the search for a Grand Unified Theory of Everything in the physical universe, the 'graviton' fits naturally within the Standard Model of quantum mechanics, just as the Higgs boson did. Both are actually required for the Standard Model to be 'complete' and on really solid footing. We found the Higgs, leaving only the graviton yet to be discovered. So, it seems to be the most promising potential connection between General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics.

[@LordOrwell]

@Thomas Chrombly you are quoting relativity with your curved space. That's a theory too. special THEORY of relativity. Some things are theories because they are only based on observable data and we don't know, 100%, that that's the only solution.

[@albevanhanoy]

You had to make me sad by mentioning Pete Burns... 😭😭😭😭😭 RIP Pete, we miss you... :'(

[@RockHudrock]

Albe Van Hanoy I didn’t know he died. 😭

[@AntneeUK]

Is he Dead Or Alive?

[@albevanhanoy]

@@AntneeUK DAMMIT.

[@Thurgor_Supreme]

I think we have a better chance of uploading our consciousness into androids (to avoid all these human shortcoming shenanigans) than we do of cracking the laws of physics. It'd also be great for colonizing other planets and jettisoning the idea of life support systems.

[@seljd]

Fun fact, the idea of using rotation to generate gravity is over 90 years old