Japanese 101 Lesson 10: Japanese Sentence Structures

This lesson will guide you through the fundamental principles of constructing clear and concise sentences in Japanese. You'll have a solid understanding of word order and particles, enabling you to speak fluently in Japanese. I hope you will be more comfortable speaking Japanese with this lesson.
A Book by Yoko Sensei: Foundation of Japanese Grammar: A Beginners' Handbook
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Visit the "YokoSensei Nihongo Kyoushitsu" website. The video and lessons are more organized so that you can see where you are learning.

[@moodbeast]

The classes/school I attend uses the Subject-Time-Place-Object-Verb order. I didn't know we could move them around. Does that mean I might've gotten wrong answers correct??? LOL I love this languange, this video is an eye-opener and I'm debating if I should show this to my fellow classmates. Thank you! I'll stick to the preferred by my teacher/school for now.

[@ExhaustedRaccoon200]

Thank you so much sensei 🙏 as a Japanese learner that has been self teaching myself since middle school. This really helps me understand how Japanese sentence structure works and how to properly form my thoughts

[@JapaneseTutorial101-zf8pu]

Arigatou😊 Ganbatte kudasai!

[@ExhaustedRaccoon200]

@@JapaneseTutorial101-zf8pu Arigatou Sensei

[@IgorLollatoTrevs]

Amazing Channel, you teach very well, i don't have enough words to thank you ^^

[@kamruzzamanpintu8670]

The Lesson is so helpful ......please explain with word meaning. Thanks a lot

[@VS-un6ow]

But, it the sentence structure is so flexible, how come in exams like the JLPT there are exercises specifically designated to check if you can put the words in a sentence in the "correct order"?

[@JapaneseTutorial101-zf8pu]

It is a good question! While Japanese sentence structure is flexible, there are still strict rules, such as the predicate (like verbs) always coming at the end of a sentence, and modifiers like adjectives appearing directly before the noun. Particles must stay with the word they modify, like は for subjects or を for objects. The JLPT tests "correct" word order to ensure learners understand these rules and recognize natural sentence patterns. Although some flexibility exists, following these core structures is essential for clear communication. I hope this helps. Thank you for your comment. Keep up the good work!

[@IgorLollatoTrevs]

At this example (6:05) You write the time WITHOUT particle "ni" but in pronunciation you said it, even when you change the order you always say the particle "ni" with "roku ji", but you didn't write it, so now im a little confused. You just forgot it? or there is a rule of a thing about it? Thanks a lot, you have been greatly helping me.

[@IgorLollatoTrevs]

Actually you wrote it in Hiragana but didn't in romaji, so we should use particle "ni" in both times like -> "rokuji ni uchi ni" ?

[@JapaneseTutorial101-zf8pu]

Thank you for pointing that out! You're absolutely right - I simply forgot to write 'に' in the romaji, but it should indeed be there. The correct sentence should be 'rokuji ni uchi ni.' I did write 'に' in hiragana, so it's just an oversight in the romaji. You should use the particle 'に' after 'rokuji' to indicate the specific time when the action happens. Thanks again for your careful observation, and I'm glad to hear my lessons have been helpful!

[@IgorLollatoTrevs]

@@JapaneseTutorial101-zf8pu Thank you A LOT ^^ Really, Thanks.

[@gojoswife6399]

Thank you I understood a lot in this video. You saved me 😭🫶🏻🫶🏻

[@goddesshecate146]

Thank you for your clear explanation, sensei. I love and support your channel. Please upload more videos ❤

[@JapaneseTutorial101-zf8pu]

Thank you for your support 💕 Yes I’ll keep uploading lessons so that you can learn more.😊

[@marcusferreira3263]

🇧🇷🇯🇵👏good lesson.

[@JapaneseTutorial101-zf8pu]

Arigatou😊

[@macbethjoao4887]

Thanks for the lesson. You helped me very much with sentence rules. Is there a video about sentences when they have more than one verb? That's another big question I have. Regarding conjunctions too.Thanks sensei

[@JapaneseTutorial101-zf8pu]

Thank you for your kind words! I'm glad to hear the lesson helped you. I appreciate your suggestion about making a video on sentences with multiple verbs and conjunctions. I’ll be adding more lessons on these topics, so please keep an eye out for them!

[@macbethjoao4887]

As for adverbs of time, is it better to put them at the beginning before the subject (I'm referring to kinou, kyou and ashita)? Because from what I understand, that's correct. In fact, as for adverbs in general, should they come after the subject?

[@JapaneseTutorial101-zf8pu]

Thank you for your question! In Japanese, adverbs can appear anywhere in the sentence without changing the meaning, as long as the predicate comes at the end. So, both positions before or after the subject are grammatically correct. Placing them before the subject does give a slight emphasis to the time aspect. I hope this helps. Happy learning!

[@IgorLollatoTrevs]

At (8:03) It is "I studied at the library weekend" It should have something between "library" and "weekend" staying like this: "I studied at the library (This, on, last, at) weekend" and when i translate this sentence it gives me the particle "ni" together with "Shuumatsu" stying "Shuumatsu ni"...... Or "shuumatsu" is just like yesterday/today which does not require particle "ni" ?? PS: In english the sentence would be correct if like this "Weekend I studied at the library", i don't know to be honest, writing all this i think i might be wrong.

[@JapaneseTutorial101-zf8pu]

Thank you for your comment! Regarding the sentence 'I studied at the library weekend,' you're right that something is needed between 'library' and 'weekend' in English to make it sound natural. It could be 'this weekend,' 'on the weekend,' or 'last weekend,' for example. As for the Japanese translation, you're also right about the particle 'に' with 'shuumatsu.' However, 'shuumatsu' can sometimes be used without 'に,' similar to how we use 'yesterday' or 'today' in Japanese. Using 'に' adds emphasis, specifically marking the time of the action. So, while it's not wrong to include 'に,' it sounds more natural and conversational without it in this case. And about 'I studied,' you're correct that it’s a general statement without specifying the subject studied. It’s still grammatically correct but may seem a bit vague. I hope this helps.

[@joannamgarciajmg]

@@JapaneseTutorial101-zf8puありがとうございます！I didn’t know that you don’t really have to use に after しゅうまつ and きょう! I’m happy to try to sound more natural 😊

[@IgorLollatoTrevs]

@@JapaneseTutorial101-zf8pu Your explanations are helping me A LOT, really, you have no idea how these answers make me create rules in my mind to speak easier in japanese. Thank you very much