Academic Philo Quick Notes Thread: John Rawls: Theory of Justice -Attempts to explain why clear social inequalities are unjust and what a just society really is -both a work of ethics and politics -Rawls attempted to address the problem of distributive justice -Appears to be a moral contractarian -Theory of justice is in itself a kind of "social contract" A just society is: -with characteristics that conform to normative rules -Everyone would agree on them fundamental principle - "every individual is inviolable" Implications: 1. Life should not be sacrificed for the sake of the majority i.e suppressing the people's right to speech and expression for the sake of economic growth directly attacks consequentialist ethics (utilitarianism) 2. An erroneous theory is tolerable in the absence of a good one -an unjust law is better than no law at all; an act of injustice is tolerable ⟷ necessary to avoid a greater act of injustice i.e it might be morally right to incapacitate if not to kill a notorious a serial killer to stop him from killing more people 3. individual liberties should be restricted to maintain equality of opportunity -restrictions through law preserves freedom in democracy i.e it is probably morally right to restrict people from owning more than five hectares of an agricultural lot so that other people will have the chance to own a lot
@shadisawesome13 жыл бұрын
Justice as Fairness First principle Equal Liberty Principle -emphasis on equal access to the basic human needs rights and liberties -guarantees the right of each person to have the extensive basic Liberty compatible with the liberty of others i.e right to vote, right to speech, the right to peaceable assembly Second principle Difference Principle -emphasizes the idea of fair equality of opportunity and the equal distribution of socio-economic inequalities -this principle implies that social and economic positions are: a) to everyone's advantage b) open to all
@shadisawesome13 жыл бұрын
Theoretical veil of ignorance "All players in the social game would be placed in a hypothetical situation called the "original position" -each individual does not know her sex, race, natural abilities, social status, economic conditions, and the like (individual's hidden identity - behind the veil of ignorance) individual sets aside her biases towards and preconceptions about anything note: Edmund Husserl Epoche (phenomonological reduction) -out of this veil of ignorance: a) each individual makes a rational prudential choice this concerns the kind of social institution they would enter into contract with
@shadisawesome13 жыл бұрын
Conclusion original position ➽ individuals agree on specific social rules and institutions veil of ignorance ➽ individuals choose the basic structure of society that they think is just a) justice as fairness is achieved through the notions of the original position and the veil of ignorance b) if everybody in the original position promotes equality then justice as fairness is attained c) if inequality is upheld then injustice prevails ➽Selfish but rational people who are w/o concrete identity and context will freely choose to create a just society ➽via veil of ignorance individuals can identify beliefs about how society should be organized
@PHILOnotes3 жыл бұрын
thanks
@shadisawesome13 жыл бұрын
@@PHILOnotes thank you for the detailed and easy to understand discussion!
@kokong294464 жыл бұрын
This is far better than any video on Rawls omg thank you
@PHILOnotes4 жыл бұрын
Thank you so much for your very inspiring comments, Francis. Cheers!
@imacmduduziadams89513 жыл бұрын
Totally agree. This was my 6th video today had to save it as it made more sense
@eternaldelight6484 жыл бұрын
Thank you for these very clear and concise presentations!
@PHILOnotes4 жыл бұрын
No worries, Mystical Realist. We are delighted to know you found this video helpful. Cheers!
@DrOwenAnderson4 жыл бұрын
I’ve often wondered if the Rawlsian view of the good is a kind of individualism. Each person decides for themselves given the starting perimeters. But what if their initial view of the good is mistaken?
@PHILOnotes4 жыл бұрын
Yes, Dr. Anderson. In fact, some critics of Rawls argued that his theory of justice is leaning towards individualism. And, indeed, morality is jeopardized if the initial view of the good is mistaken.
@corue25904 жыл бұрын
Thank you so much! This has helped me so much with the reading. Actual life saver!
@PHILOnotes4 жыл бұрын
Glad it helps, C Orue. Cheers!
@snehah38184 жыл бұрын
Brilliant Channel! Thank you very much
@PHILOnotes4 жыл бұрын
No worries, Sneha. Thanks too for your sweet and very inspiring comments. Cheers!
@stevesala13753 жыл бұрын
love this tysm admin for this clear information ♡
@PHILOnotes3 жыл бұрын
You're so welcome!
@nfs42542 жыл бұрын
great tolearn about Rawls your knowledge is wonderful
@Psychology_inanutshell3 жыл бұрын
Also make a video on comparison bewtween Plato and Aristotle system of justice
@PHILOnotes3 жыл бұрын
sure, soon
@Psychology_inanutshell3 жыл бұрын
You replied after 2 months
@alteisengenji88743 жыл бұрын
Excellent channel!
@PHILOnotes3 жыл бұрын
thanks, mate!
@yew3912 жыл бұрын
Can someone give simplified elaboration on criticisms to Rawl's theory of justice by C.B MacPherson,Communitarians and Feminists
@venugopalimmadi71182 жыл бұрын
Thank you, mam, great teachings
@simontran40014 жыл бұрын
This video is amazing
@PHILOnotes4 жыл бұрын
Many thanks for your very inspiring comments, Simon! Cheers!
@subscribechallenge-wg2ls3 жыл бұрын
Is me criticism bhi include hai kya?? Plz bta do🙏🏻🙏🏻
@PHILOnotes3 жыл бұрын
hmmm...
@AryanNarula6 ай бұрын
thanks!
@DeadTalkLive4 жыл бұрын
Very interesting video ♥! As a fellow KZbinr, I am always looking for new ideas! Nice Job!
@PHILOnotes4 жыл бұрын
Thank you so much, Walking Dead Now! I wish you all the best!
@DeadTalkLive4 жыл бұрын
@@PHILOnotes You're Welcome!
@LaidbakZak3 жыл бұрын
Why say her instead of their or one’s?
@PHILOnotes3 жыл бұрын
Yeah, next time we will follow your suggestion. Thanks Zachary.
@LaidbakZak3 жыл бұрын
@@PHILOnotes you got it dude
@PHILOnotes3 жыл бұрын
You may view our compilation of video lectures in Ethics here: kzbin.info/www/bejne/iZTZe5muiNqMeJY
@zoeevans62024 жыл бұрын
great video! tysm!!
@PHILOnotes4 жыл бұрын
Thanks too, Zoe. Best wishes!
@cathyyescaro23134 жыл бұрын
I love ur channel
@PHILOnotes4 жыл бұрын
@Cathyy Escaro thank you very much! 😊
@blaisegeorges19354 жыл бұрын
Excellent !
@PHILOnotes4 жыл бұрын
Many thanks, Blaise. Best wishes!
@liverpool786004 жыл бұрын
Who else can hear barking in the background at around 5:30?
@PHILOnotes4 жыл бұрын
Yeah, hehe. We are living in a middle of a farm in a tropical country.
@Markussiemens6584 жыл бұрын
@@PHILOnotes nice
@amuroray69303 жыл бұрын
am I the only one who hears barking in the background? no? just me? ok