General overview of the RAAS system: Cells and hormones | NCLEX-RN | Khan Academy

[@lenaliu275]

"CHOPS OFF A BIG HUNK! and if that doesn't wake you up, I don't know what will." Funny thing is that I was laying in bed, all comfy, my eyes closed, just about to drift off into dreamland, and that woke me the heck up thank you very much

[@hernicayt]

i cracked up for this part

[@qalishhashim]

Lena Liu same i was wearing earphones and during that part it was so loud, i was so suprised and cracked later hahahah

[@zekeriyamustafa9952]

This exactly me rn😂😂

[@Hahaha-px5ep]

I like how Angiotensin I doesn't even look awake but just totally zoinked

[@janeanreiniche7476]

Nursing student here, struggling in Pathophisiology and your videos are SO CRAZY HELPFUL!!! My peers love them too. Can't thank you enough!

[@khanacademymedicine]

Angiotensin 2 is indeed a happy little fellow. =)

[@MyscBigdrop]

For everyone wondering about ACE (Angiotensin Converting Enzym), its on the surface of the Endothlial cells which he describes at 7:20. Or you can kinda say that ACE is released by Endothelial cells but they are still attatched to the walls of the vessels.

[@khanacademymedicine]

1. Yes, Going from A1 to A2 requires ACE 2. A2 has effects on the Prox. Conv. Tubule to reabsorb Na+ (this is not negligible) 3. Hypervolemia with Hyponatremia sounds like an SIADH type syndrome. In SIADH, GFR is high, so Renin levels are low. We will be doing an ANP video in the future to help describe its role.

[@mwinzimuindi3297]

You forgot to mention the enzymes found on endothelial cells that convert angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2 are called angiotensin - converting enzymes - (ACE)

[@wonderfullymade8690]

Your comment flicked a switch in my brain and now I understand the role of ACE inhibitor drugs in lowering BP. Thank you!

[@MandaA353]

YOUR VOICE IS SO SOOTHING!

[@ccc-v-k]

6:33 : Am I a joke to you

[@smallfung1994]

His voice was all soothing and games until renin CHOPS OFF a big hunk of angiotensinogen

[@saramartinez1022]

One of the most organized, beautiful, color-coded, clear videos ever! If every video was like this. Learning would be so easy! lol (visual learner here) I only watched it once and I got it.

[@Sarah-q5b8s]

Again excellently explained! You are officially my favourite youtube channel to watch!!!

[@rajaz001]

Great video, thanks! But what about ACE?

[@fistikovouturo]

Thank you and congratulations on this lecture. Plus my 5month old daughter loves your voice! So everybody is happy!!

[@Texasproblem]

Plus angiotensin 2 too

[@donnaharris1209]

You are the BEST! You are helping me get through graduate school. You don't talk too fast, you break things down and make them fun, interesting and understandable. Also you have an amazingly great voice! Thank you so much for your videos

[@Unfun4728]

I really enjoy your videos, actually I think out of all khanacademy videos, yours are the best. You really make a lot of sense of things and help consolidate the info in my head. You really gave me a chuckle with your angiotensinogen face in this video.

[@icebubbles44]

Okay so that adrenal (add+renal) thing completely blew my mind. Great video, btw.

[@snaggybeans]

me too! I don't think I'll forget where it is ever again!

[@lizw8814]

Excellent explanation. Great videos, very clear, nice pace and use of graphics and voice. Thank-you!

[@languageandmana9255]

Wow! Your voice a is so cool and you teach incredibly well! ✨ I'm so happy that this amazing channel is free and I can't thank you enough for being here and helping students like me who can't afford even low membership fees. Please don't forget people like me and continue to make FREE contents as you are amazing at explaining things and making the most informative short videos! ✨❤🙏

[@irvingperez464]

WOW! This is an outstanding video. RAAS, easy peezy.

[@alex.sand1r]

I love the neighbor analogy! This was so helpful! Thank you for the great content!

[@riribegad]

I find it strange that ACE was never mentioned in this vid (especially due to clinical significance), but still a great overview. Loving the khan academy medicine videos as introductions to topics/study motivators. Thank you 👍🏼

[@mahirakhan7382]

its not juzt helpful for nursing students but also helped alot to cover basics for medical students too...i was confused through books but got clearity here ❤️❤️❤️

[@faridalam798]

Really incredible....thankful to u

[@Katie-pj8so]

thanks so much, you made that really clear :) bring on the exams!

[@shannonsmith-bubalo7197]

Thank you for this creative video and thinking of angiotensinogen as a sleep walker with a resting face and angio I as active with a smile will help the info stick in my memory! Textbooks show ACE in the simplified RAAS charts and i think the reason it wasnt mentioned here is because the focus is on the badic pathways and there is probably more than one enzyme at work here. Although ACE is very important. This isnt our first exposure to RAAS so you are here with a basic understanding of physiology or anatomy. I was able to fill in the enzyme there and find it interesting that it is not only from lung endothelial cells but also from the endothelial cells in the blood vessels throughout the body. Most importantly thank you for showing the 4 targets of Angio 2 and explaining the difference between local and distant messengers.

[@thor4164]

Great explanation. I love your little analogies

[@95saundaryafanda78]

Awsm video.. Vry clear nd lucid explanation.. it's amazing.. thank u so much!!!!!!

[@aizaiJiayuan1111]

Thank you so much for illustrating the mechanism!

[@suzannep6708]

Wow!! Very well explained. Thank you. Nice summary

[@KristianDilaostahp]

Thanks for the information. This was a great refresher. Not only did it brush me up on my knowledge of the RASS, it also touched on the action of ACE Inhibitors and Vasopressin. Great job

[@bhavanapatel4357]

Sarcastic bro

[@mehulsharma5228]

4:06 ... how does less BP lead to less movement of fluid ? does filtration rate increase or decrease ? how ?

[@ANonyMouse627]

When there's less pressure, there's a less flow. Think of a faucet

[@evantansimore7634]

And less pressure means less “squeezing out” of materials in the Bowman’s capsule

[@bigsoso20]

such a soothing voice you could read to me by my bedside...#prohomo

[@zeelpatel8210]

this is so good!!!!

[@SunnyDay030]

you are the best. I finally understood. I felt hopeless for unable to understand these processes by reading books or watching other videos. Thank you so much. Can you please be my lecturer haha

[@carlacarrazana8490]

you are the best! Thanks a lot! thanks Khan Academy!

[@neharao9939]

It is very nice and easy to understand

[@lydiabasimbe2617]

Thanks professor for opening my brain

[@madisoneckhart7999]

So so so so so helpful.

[@adeelurrahmankhan1801]

Sir v good style of teaching. Thanks alot

[@deannam.7687]

great voice..video..and explanation...keep videos coming

[@drfachry]

thank you it’s really helping me , i’m a medical student and now i’m on gastrourinary system topics 😃

[@wonderfullymade8690]

You are an amazing teacher!

[@poojavrajan2266]

Thank you so much for such a beautiful explanation

[@kamaljeetbadesha1472]

Love ur way of teaching

[@jamesr.80]

An excellent tutorial.

[@jamesnorling9278]

Absolutely brilliant at explaining, thank you !

[@raph4872]

thank you so much!! very well explained.

[@SDGLifter]

Thanks for the great teaching. I'm not sure why the last three people who commented were on an education site. Keep up the great work!

[@belloleke6544]

Thank you very much I had an exam today and this really helped

[@nadiajamil5452]

Great videos! Keep making more!

[@moi26praise47]

Thank you!

[@5rbashat]

Thank you, it's amazing!

[@yifanwang7483]

wt a perfect video!

[@Yaarbiriah]

nice presentation! thankyou

[@erinmurphy415]

Really helpful -- thank you so much!

[@annabooks7898]

I am literally crying because finally now i understand this literally the night before my exam :,)

[@medicmandan]

Great video and explanation, thank you!

[@lookingforsure]

amazing video thank you so much

[@theladysilverwings]

is it the enzyme ACE released by the endothelial cells that convert Angiotensin I into Angiotensin II?

[@Exotiicfruiit]

It has to be. I got confused too because i´ve learned that it´s ACE that convert Angiotensin I into Angiotensin II. But then I remembered that i happens in the endothelial cells.

[@migachoi]

love the lectures

[@greattvshows452]

Great video ! What software is this ? It's awesome !

[@srkzn5304]

Thank you soooooooooooooo much!!

[@TheCoope109]

THANKS YOU SO MUCH!!! 14 minutes well spent!

[@rimasiscafanuela4465]

NICE! But what about ACE?

[@RCTWorks]

Yes. ACE is the Angiotension-converting-enzyme correct? And it comes from the lungs?

[@guit-art6666]

@@RCTWorks yeah most of it, indeed you can find it in vascular endothelium, brain and kidney

[@goldingsen]

Your video's really helped me! One thing I would like to ask is... could you sometimes write bigger letters please?:) Your " smooth muscle" was a challenge to read :) Thank a lot!

[@idankoren]

גdo you use a graphic tablet? what program do you use? thanks for the lectures, they are great

[@stineeikeland268]

Haha it woke me up! :D good video thanks

[@stevencross6461]

I love these videos. They are super helpful!!! It’s like if Bob Ross went to med school.

[@ELFCloudGamer]

You sounded like Chien-Po from Mulan in the beginning..

[@inomniaparatus3326]

Lol

[@pralaypati3700]

Thanks

[@wen6519]

that was awesome

[@tanyafield4395]

wow thank you for that!

[@mustafax123]

what about ace in the lung ?

[@karinnatasya9322]

Thankyou!!!😭😭💛💛

[@BeDjeRenD]

Angiotensinogen: I sleep Angiotensin 1: REAL SHIT

[@lopezmeli023]

thank you sooo much! So easy now!

[@philw3953]

I know, wasn't that wonderful?

[@Marie_Wang]

Well explain

[@nazmulurrahmannazmul2681]

could you please explain to me,how sympathetic nerves can increase renin secretion?could you please give me the link or reference for more clarification?

[@arielsmith5246]

Nazmulur Rahman nazmul Sympathetic nerves innervate the afferent and efferent arterioles and receive signals from baroreceptors in the cardiovascular system (in the carotid sinus, aortic arch, etc) when extra cellular volume is low to secrete renin.

[@azifahahmed4462]

+Ariel Smith love it

[@TheMViOL]

The sympathetic nerve cells are from pelvic nerve?

[@withoutspot]

Thank you. Oskar

[@leulendalamaw153]

there other things that control bp ,ANP that is activated when bp is rised and there is hypernatemia/elivation of Na ion and then the ANP on right atria is activated and acts on the collactnig tube of the kidney and leads excration of Na and retenssion of Ka,2 the prostaglandin ,nitric oxid and so on

[@shinranryosaku]

thanks for the tutorial it was very helpful, does this mean Hypertension is also responsible for the urine output of a person?

[@MsElizard]

My skin is very dry and I have incredibly high B.P when upset I Lost my brother due to him having Kidney cancer and am trying to avoid medication.Is that a good idea ?

[@HobosRockEmTrashCans]

can someone explain to me why macula densa cells use prostaglandins? Prostaglandins are pro-inflammatory, and also, especially the PGE2 increase sensitivity to bradykinin, which would then just cause hypotension. It's really confusing.

[@yestayrakhimov6932]

amazing)) thank you;)

[@zhijin0201]

Great explanation, but I think you missed out angiotensin-converting enzymes.

[@erikwennberg6831]

I'm a little confused about what actually induces renin secretion. Other than sympathetic innervation, you also mention a drop in blood pressure as well as a drop in Sodium concentration (in tubule fluid or in blood? Not necessarily the same thing). I have read that the decrease in blood pressure is actually detected by baroreceptors in the afferent arteriols in the kidney, not by the JG cells. Does anyone know? Also, I have read that the macula densa detects a decrease in sodium as you say, but also a decrease in blood perfusion to the kidney. Both of these factors will induce Renin-secretion. Does anyone know about this blood perfusion to the macula densa thing? Or is it just misinterpreted to the drop in blood pressure?

[@emilyjw19]

Not sure if this is right but surely if there was a decrease in blood perfusion it would cause a decrease in blood pressure? So the macula dense is picking up the decrease in blood perfusion and realising that there is a drop in blood pressure because of that. Could be wrong though.

[@hamedbedar4671]

erik wennberg actually when the bp gets high initially the gfr increases causing more nacl to to be filtered so if the GFR is high fluid goes through tubules faster and there is less time for nacl to be reabsorbed from the PCT into the peritubular capillaries and when this high nacl reaches the macula dense it causes vasoconstriction of the afferent arterioles through vaso active substances thus decreasing GFR

[@swaiyam1]

Wouldn't low salt in the distal tubulus (urine) measured by the macula densa cells mean that there is are high levels of salt blood, i.e. high blood pressure instead of low blood pressure?

[@adamhudson4332]

Not to be pedantic but my professor makes a point of saying renin is an enzyme, not a hormone.

[@Unfun4728]

wouldn't you say it seems to act as a hormone in ways within the kidney and as an enzyme in ways with angiotensinogen? Your point really made me think. Most people refer to renin as a hormone, I never realized it is generally considered an enzyme.

[@adamhudson4332]

Jessica Lafferty I think "enzyme" explains exactly what renin is: a protein that catalyses a chemical reaction. I do see the point though, that since it is a chemical that has effects over long distances the term "hormone" is also appropriate. I reckon my lecturer was just splitting hairs, it's just semantics. Another good example is epinephrine and adrenaline being the same thing but being discovered for doing different jobs, one as a neurotransmitter, the other as a hormone.

[@ZeybekTHR]

doesn't your SV decrease when the kidney holds more water, which doesn't get absorbed by the capillaries, which also doesn't increase blood volume?

[@francescopalazzo3250]

There are actually several ACE-independant pathways.

[@MrDnB89]

So what is the point in Aldosterone if Angiotensin 2 has the same effect on the kidney?

[@CuppaChai11]

i think it DOUBLES the effect...

[@ohunemouche]

is it just me or the dude kinda sounds suuuuper high ... great video though ;)

[@victoriasandsphillips8140]

it's just you

[@ahmedrzgar007]

بەصاقەی ئەو خوایەتان بم بۆ ئەو شەرحە 🔥

[@alexhunt990]

Renin is enzyme not hormone?

[@jenner35]

where is your angiotensin converting enzyme ?

[@MyscBigdrop]

on the endothelial cell

[@cameriqueTV]

Can sleep apnea trigger this?

[@marshallmcgough3728]

what about ANP and BNP

[@adernain]

Could you explain me what makes the Sympathetic Nerve fire when the pressure drops? PRessoreceptors, or B-Receptors?

[@drtaekker]

+Stelios Lysiotis Baroreceptors. Chemoreceptors detect fall in O2, CO2 and pH.

[@alma-miaug7519]

constructive critic: I think it is better to paint as realistic as possible, not small people smiley faces etc. Painting skills is something everyone can learn. The more realistic it is, the better understanding as well you get an idea how it actually looks like. Great voice, just the paintings that makes me confused... I might not be the only one.

[@xHaniffax]

I laughed so hard!

[@cagrbelli2561]

WHY DO YOU HAVENT TURKİSH SUBTİTLE ?

[@ellesrevisionsession]

This system is very convoluted :(