Ottoman Wars - Battles of Gorjani and Castelnuovo 1537 DOCUMENTARY

[@KingsandGenerals]

Show notes : 0. Sorry for the late release - rendering 8k videos is painful. 1. Audibooks are really good - I have recently been listening to the Wheel of Time audibooks, narrated by Kate Reading and Michael Kramer - a completely new experience, must try. Audible has all kinds of historical stuff, too, so try it out, that will help our channel immensely: www.audible.com/kingsandgenerals 2. Ottoman series is a mess and we have completely resigned to this fact. It is impossible to form a straightforward narrative, so you will see some jumping back and forth. For instance, a very interesting siege of Klis happened around the same time and we will probably cover it separately. Simultaneously, the Ottomans were fighting the Portuguese everywhere from West Africa to India, but it is hard to present those battles within the main timeline, so expect a standalone episode on that down the line. Still, this series is a perfect vehicle to cover a long period and many regions, so we will run it all the way to 1923. 3. Unfortunately, not all sources are accessible for us. Apparently there is a Croatian retelling of Gorjani, but since we don't know the language and no translation is available. We will try to rectify it down the line.

[@bkern8536]

ok

[@alexleung842]

love your channel!!

[@umaransari9765]

8K videos?

[@Mond90u]

I can read Croatian. Do you know what the source is?

[@mikeshogunlee]

Will this series include the Greek War of Independence? If not, do you or anyone else know of any good videos? I keep trying to read up on it, but I keep getting confused.

[@TheRepublicofChad]

Kings and Generals uploads a video on the Ottoman Wars, my day is offically made.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Glad to hear!

[@abelvegaflores7815]

Kings and Generals can you do the Spartacus rebellion

[@chronikhiles]

Screw your DP, man. XD

[@naufalrasis8292]

@@KingsandGenerals daulah umayyah

[@dimiryashfinov7568]

@@KingsandGenerals make videos on Naderian Wars, Hotak Rebellion, Safavid Restoration and Ottoman Safavid Wars 1603-12, 1615-18, 1623-39.

[@oscarperez9304]

Finally, I would like to explain that the Spanish tercio name was the name of their "general" Sarmiento. This Tercio retreated in a previous battle during the Italians war. According to the ordinances, if a Tercio unit retreat from battle field they would be disolved and they would be mark as cowards. Luckily for them, a new Ottoman war started and they were giving a second chance to recover their prestige. As they retreated before they have to reject the generous offer from Barbarossa. Death before dishonor.

[@sergiofernandez4566]

Invaluable fact.

[@herrero4270]

Where exactly is stated that if a Tercio unit retreated from the battlefield they would be disolved and they would be mark as cowards? Where can I see those ordinances? It seems many myths have been created around the tercios by the Spaniards. The tercios Villalba y Garcíez retired from the Rocroi battlefield, since they surrender.ed The only ordinance for the Spanish tercios existing in this year of 1537, was the Ordenanza de Génova, and it didn't mention ANYTHING about this subject.

[@Trikipum]

You pulled that from your ass. Sarmiento's tercio had received troops from another tercio that had a mutinity and was disolved...

[@mfkparamotor4131]

Venedik kaynaklarina gire 1500 osmanli kaybi var yalanci. Git wikipedia ya vak. Yalan yablis bilgiler veroyorsun

[@08Rolling]

That was not the end of the glorious Tercio though. Time later a handfull of prisoners in Constantinople would manage to break free, steal a friggin boat and arrive to Cartagena (Spain) months later. And the first bloody thing they'd do would be to report to their King as the last survivors of Castelnuovo.

[@porothashawarma2339]

This needs a movie

[@podlodialgilap3490]

Damn , those dudes were fierce

[@Catholic-Redpilled-Spaniard]

Yep. There are tens of actions like these done by spaniards in the 16th century. That century was spanish all the way!

[@adampaula1863]

Yeah yeah losers...

[@LLULL-yn1rr]

@@adampaula1863 Sure? … The Tercios = 300 years winning battles ... Idiot

[@damnedcarrot]

The defense of Castelnuovo was genius. That Sarmiento guy was an incredible tactician. They caused maximum possible casualties. Amazing.

[@WorLadCiz]

@jaffer raza he didn’t simply lose, he handed his enemy them a Pyrrhic victory.

[@foreverjune8]

@jaffer raza 2-3 more of such victories for the Ottoman Empire and Istanbul would renamed to Constantinopol.

[@WorLadCiz]

@UC5OFgN-wZL1_1Py26t2Elfg if you think it is fake, why did you waste 20 minutes of your life watching an ridiculous outstanding documentary that is factual and true. Have a great day or night whenever you’re reading this 😂🤣

[@herrero4270]

IF this story is true, and not war propaganda from the Christian side.

[@herrero4270]

@@WorLadCiz Maybe is not fake, but only partialy true. As in many of the stories written by the Europeans. In any case, it is only possible to judge if the video is the true story of the facts, by using 20 minutes to listen what it says. The documentary is OK, NOT "outstanding". And the "facts" are the one-sided view of what happened, from the Christian side. Usually full of exaggerations and justifications when it comes to describe a defeat...or a victory...

[@dragonrykr]

Omg I live in Castelnuovo!!! First time I see my town featured anywhere! So proud!

[@dragonrykr]

Though I have to correct that the shape of the old city is much different than the one shown in the video... Castelnuovo was much smaller back then and it was vertical and narrow, not as horizontal and widespread as today

[@lukalisjak2106]

The old capital of the Herceg Stjepan Vukčić.

[@greatwolf5372]

What do you think of the Ottomans?

[@dejan3366]

I lived in gorjani

[@fed-e-rerfed-e-rer5893]

Jel to oni misle na herceg novi

[@MrPabuel]

Sarmiento refused to surrender saing: "Come when you want" ("Que vengan cuando quieran"). And when the commander of the last 200 spaniards, Machín de Munguía, was captured, Barbarroja offered him to comand an Ottoman fleet, the response of Machín was spitting on the feet of Barbarroja and saing: "before death that dishonors" ( "Antes la muerte que la deshonra "). And after that he was executed. Sorry for my english. Honor for those brave Spanish soldiers🇪🇸

[@publiushoratiusclocles7952]

Our Spaniard ancestors were warriors. Even Hitler revered the Spanish soldiers during WW2.

[@Thefutureis96]

@Jojo Momo ouu and Suleiman and all other perverted Ottoman sultans were good people, is that what u wanna say?

[@Thefutureis96]

@Jojo Momo I thought it was called harem not hurrem. They were using these women as sex slaves. And in relation to child molesting, they were also very experienced in that.

[@Thefutureis96]

@Jojo Momo Yes, do u know that there are different sources claiming that in 1453 when Mehmed II conquered Constantinople he publicly raped the son of the Emperor.

[@jonchipiron5430]

@WILLIAM EWART GLADSTONE tus comentarios siempre resultan patéticos, campeón.

[@AntonioDal.]

2019: Kings and Generals 2020: Sultans and Generals

[@umutatac8067]

Sultans and pashas

[@leukocyte9260]

@@umutatac8067 😂😂

[@grant2063]

Sultans N' Scrubs

[@elias_kx]

بو فارس بو فارس your name is buu faris buu faris?

[@elias_kx]

بو فارس بو فارس what does that mean brother?

[@ftr1453]

Quick note about Tercios' surprise night attacks: they were made in small units wearing white shirts over their breastplates to make soldiers easily recognize each other. These attacks were named "encamisada" (camisa=shirt) and were deployed by Tercios against all their enemies with great success many times during the 16th and 17th centuries.

[@Hispano1]

@WILLIAM EWART GLADSTONE Sin embargo los Españoles eran muy capaces en este arte como se puede ver en Pavía y en esta batalla.

[@julioserrano401]

@William Ewart Gladstone Los ataques nocturnos son peligrosos, en la noche es fácil confundir a los amigos con enemigos, es más fácil perderse, alejarse de tus compañeros, etc... requieren de una disciplina férrea, un gran control de tus tropas, y pocos ejércitos entrenaban para llevarlos a cabo, y muchos ataques nocturnos han acabado en desastre por esto, y por eso pocos generales se atrevían a llevarlos a cabo. Los atenienses por ejemplo cuando atacaron Siracusa se dedicaron a matarse entre sí al no ser capaces de reconocerse por la noche. Para eso sirven las camisas blancas, la diferencia es que los tercios se entrenaban habitualmente en ésta táctica para utilizarla sin los riesgos de otros ejércitos. Por eso eran tan efectivas.

[@Trikipum]

No, they didnt go with breastplates. They went basically "naked".. Sometimes they didnt even wear the shirt on his body but wrapped on their head. THey already knew being hit by a bullet while wearing cloth was a recipe for gangrene. No armor, they went as light as possible.

[@nunobatista2398]

Not one to complain about anything on expertly made videos, but Ferdinand was Charles V brother and not his son. Ferdinand ruled the holy roman empire in the name of his brother until he himself became Emperor after his brother's death. Charles V's son and heir Philpp inherited Spain, Flanders and the american territories of the spanish empire while the empire went to his uncle Ferdinand since ruling all those territories was incredibly difficult at a time with no modern day transportation or communications.

[@nunobatista2398]

@@gaiusjuliuscaesar4201 That is absolutely correct though I use has a norm to write or say a historical figure's name in the language I am speaking or writing i.e. English. For instance if I was writing about let's say Louis XIV of France in German I would say Ludwig XIV and so on.

[@leonzoful]

Not to complain, but Emperor Charles abdicated the imperial throne, in favor of his brother, in 1556; though Ferdinand delay the elections until 1558 to make sure the princes electors would vote for him.

[@soselo69]

People here is more occupied voting up memes than (obvious) historical corrections.

[@gorankoilic6571]

Kings and Generals made a mistake. Charles V and Ferdinand were brothers.

[@dosantosbojan]

@@nunobatista2398 Fernando was born and instructed in Castilla, Spain. That's why his name is Fernando. On the other hand, Charles I was born and instructed in Ghent, Flanders. I'm not quite sure if his original name was Karel I. I guess that should be the correct way.

[@EndOfSmallSanctuary97]

The Spanish Tercio was an absolute beast in the 16th century when led well.

[@vascoespañol]

Allways, not a single defeat on that century

[@holabuenas7200]

@WILLIAM EWART GLADSTONE lo que te han dicho. No eran ni españoles, y la Batalla de las Dunas se inició con un desorden considerable. Justo como han dicho: "si son bien comandados"

[@holabuenas7200]

@WILLIAM EWART GLADSTONE y no me digas que de la Batalla de Dunas no se habla. Es una de las derrotas españolas más narradas hasta la saciedad.

[@cortodiavolo204]

@WILLIAM EWART GLADSTONE identificas los ejércitos imperiales con los tercios. Estos eran tropas de élite, no hubo más de 30000-45.000 en todo centro Europa. Es decir de esos 55.000 y por la zona me imagino que sean langesnetes alemanes, piqueros suizos y puede ser que alguna unidad de tercio. Pero donde los vas a encontrar es el camino español, defendiendo lo. Metz estaba fuera del camino español, era estratégicamente importante para Francia, no para España y en Centroeuropa. En cualquier caso te recomiendo la Campaña de Frisia y la guerra del palatinado donde se detallan las operaciones militares

[@cortodiavolo204]

@WILLIAM EWART GLADSTONE por cierto en metz había entre 6000-8000 soldados y las tropas imperiales llegaron a tener 50.000 pero por poco tiempo. El asedio fue de 20-25.000 hombres

[@ronbouj]

Swiss Guard : We are the most valiant and loyal foot soldiers ever Spanish Pike-men : Hold my beer

[@tadeuszsa8314]

Hold my Rioja

[@Velkan1396]

@@tadeuszsa8314 La Rioja es el mundo

[@alvinlin8140]

Bay Of Pigs did the Spaniard mercenaries always fight to the death?

[@Velkan1396]

Tercios were not mercenaries Maximilian the I decided to organise the imperial army as a forcé of mercenaries to sabe money in times of peace, giving birth to the Landsknechts. The tercios were organised in a different way. And usually yes, they pretty much liked "last stands".

[@alvinlin8140]

Thorned Knight it why would Spaniards fight to the death for a bunch of Austrians

[@alejandroojeda1572]

Ok, i'm spanish, and this summer i'm going to herceg novi (castelnuovo) and i had no idea of this Battle till now!!! THIS VIDEO MADE MY DAY

[@HonorSpartan117]

I expects you gone with the pike and your arcabúz rifle.

[@polopisto]

@@HonorSpartan117 hahahahaa

[@Mr67Stanger]

Those Spanish Tercios were legendary.

[@cramw139]

@Blue Eyed White Dragon there havnt been any for 300 years

[@cramw139]

@WILLIAM EWART GLADSTONE bueno ya, pero se supone que havian de actuar en phalange, en campo abierto

[@pain6391]

@WILLIAM EWART GLADSTONE te noto bastante picado ajajaj

[@rubencuadros7174]

@@pain6391 dice que los jenízaros acabaron con los 600 españoles que quedaban, cuando los jenízaros estaban con Alá desde antes del asalto final 😆😆😆 Literalmente no quedo ni un jenízaro vivo

[@rubencuadros7174]

@@pain6391 al Pancho este ya le dije que echará un vistazo al asedio de Roscogler, en el que 1700 ingleses no fueron capaces de desalojar a 9 españoles, ¡¡¡9!!! De un castillo irlandés. Incluso el jefe del clan, que era dueño del Castillo, ofreció a su propia mujer como ofrenda a Francisco de cuellar en agradecimiento. Por supuesto ni contestó el tolai

[@maximiniusthrax2209]

Ah the Spanish tercios. Talked about on the history uncovered channel. That dude is severely underrated.

[@juancarlosfernandez9800]

Sarmiento stayed to defend Castelnuovo without any possibility before an overwhelming ottoman force. Having received an offer of surrender that would save their lives, they had to choose between life and honor and, of course, it was a spanish Tercio... the unit that dominated battlefields for almost 150 years. If the defenders had been anglo-saxons, Hollywood would have already made two movies... BTW, for us the spaniards is Charles (Carlos) I of Spain and V of Germany, the very first of our Habsburgs.

[@herrero4270]

Usually the defenders of fortified places fought superior enemies, since the fortifications gave them a great adavantage. It is a pity that Spaniards don't have a respectable movie industry, and that their movies are not even accepted among the spanish-speaking peoples in America. But they retaliate begging space on the ANGLO-SAXON social networks to self-glorify their lost empire in every corner. And remember, the spanish tercios only dominated battlefields in Western Europe, not in the whole world. Wit the aid of mercenaries.

[@VCRider]

First of all you need someone to write you a good script 😂. The storyline looks similar to Spartas 300

[@herrero4270]

@@VCRider In fact, that stroryline is the same in many stories around the world. But at least the Spartans were fighting for thieir country, manwhile the Spaniards were only cannon fodder for the ambitions of the Habsburgs in Europe.

[@abelgil1355]

​@@herrero4270 traidor y cobarde.. Probablemente indio o mestizo resentido.

[@jorgerg6801]

Con tus comentarios pareces el típico traidor a España, siempre hablando mal de tu país, mejor te vuelves al país de donde procedes si no has tenido la suerte de de ser español de origen y no adoptado

[@NimbleBard48]

Every sunday food is ready just as Kings and Generals releases their video. And it's about the Ottomans!

[@sephiroth5815]

Suleiman's greatest enemy is RAİN

[@napolien1310]

Now that's explain a lot

[@gryf92]

@Big Boss iRAIN specifically

[@rayz6659]

I don't know if what I heard was true, it says how far the Ottoman army can reach (and fight well) depends on how far the camels can go, the livestock played a vital role in Ottoman logistic support.

[@grimgoreironhide9985]

@@gryf92 Sounds like an Apple product.

[@thestatistician6076]

@@gryf92 if you mean iran then nah the ottomans continuesly managed to beat them, the only problem was the geography or else the could have wiped them out easily. Good joke though.

[@Darth_Enigma]

Loving the Ottoman and Napoleon series. Are you planning to go as far as WWI with Ottomans?

[@SupremelyFly]

They did say EVERY major battle. I'm excited for it. Perhaps we'll have a Napoleanic and Ottomon crossover episode? 😁😁😁

[@Darth_Enigma]

@@SupremelyFly XD I'd love to see something like that

[@umaransari9765]

Napoleon conquest of Egypt and siege of acre

[@ggoddkkiller1342]

He said until 1923 so both WW1 and The Turkish war of independence are also included, there are some nasty battles in the independence war such as Battle of Dumlunıpar in 1922 where greek invasion army got slaughtered so it will be an amazing and very long serie for sure..

[@cagriozkan1936]

@@iliadvalishvili2694 come on, dont spoil it 😒

[@darthveatay]

Since your doing so much on the Ottoman Empire why not do a video on the Ottoman army

[@thestatistician6076]

Sounds a good propsal!

[@SupremelyFly]

It should be an extension to the armies and tactics playlist. But they should also include the byzantine empire. Since they already have Phillip/Alexander's armies, followed by the Roman War machine. But they did recently do a video on the Varangian Guard so maybe it's a work in process.

[@stormbringer2840]

The ottoman armies seem rather well rounded for all the video I saw , cavalry , artillery , navy and elite Janissary as well as number , seems to be their main characteristics .

[@TheDirtysouthfan]

@@stormbringer2840 It's not just well rounded though. They seemed to have a professional army that was without peer for centuries. They first conquered their neighbors, then crossed into the Balkans before finishing off the Byzantines. Then later they would absorb the entire Mameluke Sultanate which they would hold into the 1800's. It reminds of the Roman Empire and their Legions, how they just went around dominating everyone. It would be interesting to know why the Ottomans became this powerful.

[@therealoldnosey8689]

@@TheDirtysouthfan the Ottomans got that powerful cause they basically were the successors to Rome lol

[@SpanishDio]

Here in Spain this is considered our Thermopylae Battle

[@mucagamers7405]

Here, in Spain, we know three of them, sadly we are the first enemies of our history.

[@marcoslce7161]

Here, in Spain, no one knows about pretty much anything about our nation's history

[@SpanishDio]

@@marcoslce7161 talk for yourself lmao

[@marcoslce7161]

@@SpanishDio a ver compadre, que digas que Castelnuovo esta considerada como nuestra batalla de las termopilas es que vives en Marte, porque en España ni Cristo conoce el asedio. Ni el asedio, ni Pavia, ni Lepanto, ni Blas de Lezo ni nada de la historia de España. Eventos así los conocemos 4 gatos y, como de costumbre desgraciadamente entre nosotros, mal avenidos.

[@SpanishDio]

@@marcoslce7161 Habla por ti te digo xD , yo aprendí de esta batalla en la UIB sin problemas.

[@lunahibernis7003]

Can we/i have a documentary about the portuguese-ottoman war. Ive read something interesting on this subject but there is little information about this war. Keep the good work!

[@cahilkapitalist]

That was free time hobby of local Ottoman begs. Central rule never cared about it.

[@thestatistician6076]

It is really hard to trace because it was not just ottomans or portugese, there were mughals, spaniards, safavids, and the region did not actually get the care it deserved so there are only few accounts, but you can check the history of the cities of Duo and Aden, it covers a large part of the fights.

[@ahrlj24]

Portugal got their ass handed to them after they tried to expand their invasion into morocco following Iberia in Battle of Alcácer Quibir

[@lunahibernis7003]

@@thestatistician6076 thx man!

[@thestatistician6076]

@@lunahibernis7003 you are welcome.

[@whyistherumgone5693]

As a Turkish big respect to Sarmiento he was a brave man.

[@mustafayldrm160]

Bi kendi atanıza saygı duymayın zaten

[@gencoozen1192]

Ne diye saygı duyuyon bu gavatlara

[@argentumtempestate9677]

@@mustafayldrm160 Onun onuru var, sen yapmıyorsun.

[@mustafayldrm160]

@@argentumtempestate9677 boş yapma

[@yourlocalt72]

Mustafa Yıldırım türk milleti cesur olan iyi savaşan düşmanlarına hep saygı duymuştur

[@liveforever9888]

Huge respect to those Spanish defenders

[@rellosapostolos2266]

We the mediterenian people are fierce fighters especialy greeks and spanish

[@ahmedturgut1882]

@@rellosapostolos2266 ummmmmm im pretty sure the ottomans smashed the greeks many many times.

[@rellosapostolos2266]

@@ahmedturgut1882 smashed the Greeks because Greeks had been on war with many enemies for centuries they were severly weakend by all of this

[@ahmedturgut1882]

@@rellosapostolos2266 you said Greeks are fierce fighter no they weren't.also no they weren't fighting other countries, their main enemy was the ottoman empire,likewise European countries actually helped Greece out so I don't know what your speaking about

[@rellosapostolos2266]

@@ahmedturgut1882 are kidding me Greeks were in constant wars for 2k years before the turks even learn to write learn some history and stop spitting out shit and don't forget that Europe destroyed the byzantine empire

[@hfar_in_the_sky]

11:42 Ottoman commander: "With such a large army outside their walls, I don't expect a counter attack from the deffenders." Spanish commander: "Surprise!"

[@OCinneide]

Nobody expects the Spanish Sortie!

[@besmirguma1911]

Holy league with a massive army: We dont expect Barbarossa to attack first Barbarossa attack first The end of holy league

[@shefinshefi4364]

Masayuki Tachibana we surprised them a lot more..and USA surprised u in 1945 😂😂

[@leonzoful]

@@shefinshefi4364 truth be told, we surprised each other a lot xD I'm Spaniard btw

[@mrjebej2261]

@@shefinshefi4364 Sure, like when we destroyed your whole fleet at Lepanto. Big surprise.

[@Kanfachan]

The Emperor Charles V did NOT have a son called Ferdinand 3:51. His son was Philip (who would become king of Spain, as Philip II). Ferdinand was Charles' younger brother. He would succeed to the Imperial throne as Ferdinand I once Charles abdicated in 1556.

[@gorankoilic6571]

Kings and Generals made a mistake.

[@sharifbolkiah1031]

really? isn't Fernando is just his name in Spanish? just like Charles V coronated as Carlos I in Spain?

[@vguyver2]

@@sharifbolkiah1031 That is correct, but constantly anglonizing the names can cause confusion.

[@sharifbolkiah1031]

@themailman43 (Charles V/Carlos I) i knew that he is descendant of King Fernando and Queen Isabella from maternal line. But also descendant of Emperor Maxilimian from paternal line.

[@abelgil1355]

​​@@vguyver2 Ferdinand es la forma original. Es un nombre visigodo, also germánico.

[@jarronsmith3733]

Great content!! I’m really liking this ottoman series keep up the good work!!

[@KingsandGenerals]

Will do, thanks!

[@waggie]

One hell of a defense in Castelnuovo and one brilliant commander Francisco de Sarmiento!

[@Alex-ul3eu]

Vivan los Tercios

[@malokaloMPK]

Kotor it's a natural fortress and it's very difficult to take .

[@Gala-yp8nx]

It’s flabbergasting that they received no aid. Imagine what would have happened if the Spaniards had reinforcements.

[@sisi4361]

Carter Kinoy Like battle of Vienna in 1683.

[@leonzoful]

It's surprising that any of armies stationed on Italy responded to the call

[@SpacePatrollerLaser]

As I understand the "fall" of Bagdad to the Turks, the city was voluntarily and willingly turned over since the Sunni inhabitants preferred Turkish Sufi rule or hegemony to being occupied by the Persian She'ites

[@thestatistician6076]

Yes because the safavids at that point had gone beyond expectations in their sectarian violence. They demolished the tombs of two of the four most prominent scolars in islam ( imam al hanafi and imam ibn hanbal), taxed the non shia heavily, and resolved in some regions to ethnic and sectarian cleansing, so handing over cities willingly was quite prominent in iraq and western iran, like the case of erbil and mosul who were handed over by the kurds to the ottoman sultan selim the first after the battle of chaldiran as a way of gaining protection against the safavids

[@thestatistician6076]

@@rolex1231 yeah but still the shah regime and the current one still brag about it all day although it is the reason they are actually at war with the region right now whereas without that legacy they could have been the masters of the region by the will of the people. Still the iranian history is so rich and proud that i as an arab, despite what some may say about the arab-pereian animosity can only admire because of it's great contributions, and don't feel ashamed, each land and people have such moments, we arabs are currently living the same because of the primitive and shameful rulers we have who have insluted our history and the common identity and future of the region for generations to come. So best regards and respect bro!

[@SEDDULBAHIR-iy1uu]

Turkic vs Turkic.

[@HoormazdKia]

Pretty much. Neither empire was kind to Baghdad - it was hard to defend and neither invested to bring it back to its prestige because of its location. Holding the city was doubly symbolic as it was the historic capital of the golden age, and it was located near the ruins of Ctesiphon. That was it. It was tragically neglected. Regardless, the Safavids were much more cruel to the sunni inhabitants in baghdad, although Sunni Persians once had amiable relations with the capital that didn't matter as southern Iran was forced to conver to shia islam (most Caspian Iranians and Azerbaijani Turks were already shia, and the shia that existed in the south were of a different sect). The Safavid elites themselves were rather secular in comparison to their rule. They were intolerant of any region that was not shia. Whether they were sunni, buddhist, zoroastrian. An argument made often was that shia islam was a glue to a heterogeneous society that was only unified loosely by language and culture. The only other faith they were tolerant of was christianity, especially under Shah Abbas who integrated many caucus elites into the Safavid nobility, and considered Sir Robert Shirley his only friend and confidant.

[@historycenter4011]

She'ites?

[@jesusseoane2296]

A few year after 5 Spaniards managed to escape and get back to Spain! It would be a nice movie!

[@dosantosbojan]

Fuck yeah!!

[@rubencuadros7174]

Fueron 25

[@sakonbutthead9829]

@@rubencuadros7174 que grandes muchachos bravo

[@fmasoul]

More than 20 of them escaped

[@cidiussifilius2959]

@@saguntum-iberian-greekkons7014 I am 100% agree with you bro.

[@Catholic-Redpilled-Spaniard]

A History channel finally featuring the Spanish Tercios, hooh-hah! What the Spaniards did in the 16th and first half of the 17th centuries is unmatched in world history, except perhaps by the romans.

[@nomadichorseman]

Catholic Spaniard it literally makes sense as to how only a small core of tercios conquered the entire Aztec empire. Yes, I’m aware of the natives big assistant. But, really, there was only a relatively small number of men to pull it together to pull it off and it was that of the Spanish Tercios.

[@armincal9834]

The aztects suffered more casualties to desease than to spaniards but still it was a big achivment

[@LLULL-yn1rr]

@@nomadichorseman There were Reconquista soldiers and mercenary in America too.

[@juanserra1720]

Así es hermano, no ha existido una fuerza tan épica y duradera desde la mitad del XVII.

[@xavibizkaya6172]

@@ismilirdsio802 The name of Spanish soldiers in America was Dragones de cuera...

[@Santiagoparrav]

Ottoman wars are the best series👌

[@dougwong7827]

this ought to be one of the most heroic last stands in history

[@Crytica.]

Kings and Generals blessing me with AGAIN an amazing video! I can't say this enough, but damn, you guy's content is just absolutely amazing!

[@hantlg]

Brilliant management of troops in Gorjani and exact opposite in Castelnuovo. Barbaros should have stuck to waters. Heroic fight for Spaniards.

[@tw3ist]

Not so heroic in the end when they retreated and used civilians as shields ..

[@lillith3159]

@@tw3ist Lol, they shielded the civilians themselves not otherwise

[@leonzoful]

@@tw3ist dude, the civilians we're even trying to save the Spanish commander, and he was like, "fuck off, if I'm gonna die, I'll die with honor" and die protecting them.

[@nomooon]

@@tw3ist I don't think the civilians wanted to be Turkish subjects, so they wanted the defenders to win. Otherwise the siege would not have lasted so long.

[@hamza9234]

Yep it seemed like the populous of Castelnuovo didn't want to be part of the ottoman empire. Then again, the Spanish commander should of took the gold and left to avoid the shed of blood of their own troops and the civilians. This is under the assumption that the commander didn't expect to get any aid.

[@joel0joel0]

i must say, i am a little bit surprised about the many counterattacks of the Spaniards. How can a tercio be so mobile that it could work?

[@lillith3159]

They had a type of raid called "encamisada" they attacked by night in small groups with white shirts over the plate to see each other in the dark and attacked enemy camps in order to sabotage and kill many enemies as they could and then leave. And they used only swords and arcabuces.

[@johnleber3369]

Spain had the best army of the time.Look how just a few Spainard infantry defeated the Jannisaries several times At Castel nuevo . Heck, had Spsin been able to land its army in England in 1588, we would be speaking Spanish today.

[@SpanishDio]

It's the guerrilla type of warfare mastered by the Spanish since the Roman ages of the invasion of hispania, it's the best from to beat up a superior enemy.

[@su_morenito_1948]

john leber Are you actually English?

[@RandomGuy-df1oy]

@@johnleber3369 Spain did not have the best army of the time. In open field, Jannisaries were more effective. Ottoman army had Europe's first professional and regular troops, the Jannisaries and had the best light cavalry. They also had the artillery advantage. No power did face the Suleiman after the Mohacs. Neither Habsburgs nor their ally Safavids. Tercios are great at defending a well constructed castle but in open field, thats a different story.

[@vvkth2500]

Castelnuovo (Herceg Novi)'s biggest perk is its topography. It's a very steep town, a nightmare assault, and there are 4 fortresses in the town (the whole town was surrounded by walls and every level was difficult to take. Those steps are killing tourists of the town, cant imagine how exhausting would be to assault those walls from below, for an armed soldier.

[@pericles97]

Im from Castelnuovo (now Herceg Novi). Thank you for this video!

[@alperenoz1863]

Is this literally means "new castle"? If it is in which languages they are?

[@pericles97]

@@alperenoz1863 It does. I believe its Italian. Herceg Novi means New Herceg or New Ruler and it the word is of Serbian origin. Castelnuovo is Italian i believe. The city was erected in 1382 by a Serbian Bosnian king Tvrtko I Kotormanic.

[@mynick937]

@@pericles97 Tvrtko Kotromanic je bio Hrvat,prestanite više falsificirati povijest.Želje su jedno , istina drugo.

[@eddy._.1822]

This channel deserves more!

[@abcdef27669]

Héroes gloriosos, pues el cielo os dio más parte que os negó la tierra, bien es que por trofeo de tanta guerra se muestren vuestros huesos por el suelo. Si justo es desear, si honesto celo en valeroso corazón se encierra, ya me parece ver, o que sea tierra por vos la Hesperia nuestra, o se alce a vuelo. No por vengaros, no, que no dejastes A los vivos gozar de tanta gloria, Que envuelta en vuestra sangre la llevastes; Sino para probar que la memoria De la dichosa muerte que alcanzastes, Se debe envidiar más que la victoria. Sonnet 217 of Gutierre de Cetina (1520-57) entitled: “A los huesos de los españoles muertos en Castelnuovo”

[@eddyahumada5566]

SANTIAGO Y CIERRA ESPAÑA!!!!

[@mahoagha3243]

Would you guys be so nice and could translate?

[@abcdef27669]

@@mahoagha3243 Glorious heroes, because the sky he gave you more part that denied you the earth, well is that by trophy of so much war show your bones on the ground. If fair is to desire, if honest zeal in brave heart it is enclosed, I already seem to see, or that it is earth for you the Hesperia ours, or rises to flight. Not for revenge, no, you did not leave To the living enjoy so much glory, That wrapped in your blood you took; But to prove that memory Of the happy death that you reached, You should envy more than victory.

[@mahoagha3243]

abcdef27669 thank you man that was quick

[@taskopru7815]

Fck spaniscu bitchez we fcked them many times

[@erenbenweinstein6744]

Also according to the Truce Of Constantinople :Ferdinand was to be considered as the King of Germany, and Charles V as the King of Spain, and they were equal to the Grand Vizier of Ottoman Empire. Moreover, they were banned to count anyone as 'Emperor' except the Ottoman Emperor.

[@youravaragetoxicmasculinem9508]

@@Iason29 It is not a perrmission thing, European leaders continued to call him Emperor but by treaty Habsburgs accepted leader of them wasn't equal to Ottoman Sultan but only vizier, from thet point their equivalents were grand vizier, the emperors interlocutor was vizer and Emperors letters were answered by vizier insted of Sultan himself, this is humiliation.

[@Deus1Vult]

@@youravaragetoxicmasculinem9508 well I don't know what's more humiliation whiting letters or became looser on Lepanto.....

[@youravaragetoxicmasculinem9508]

@@Deus1Vult Well many wars and battles have been fought between Christian World and the Ottoman Empire and Lepanto was a naval one that took place between a coalition of Christian states and Ottoman Empire that have been won by Christians but i can't see the point you are trying to say, Battle of Lepanto is 40 years after this war and there are battles in Christian history that are far more humiliating than Lepanto, like 7/8 Crusades, Battle of Varna or even topic of this video battle of Gorjani is a battle where Ottoman army of 6000-8000 defeated a 3-4 times larger army, i am not trying to say Austrians and other Christians are pussies what i say is that many battles have been ougt sometimes Ottomans sometimes Christians and as far as my knowledge Ottomans were succesfull in their conquest until 16th and 17th and had the upper hand.

[@sahipkran9447]

@@Deus1Vult Lepanto is a fucking sea battle. It didn't change nothing. In the same year, Cyprus was taken from Venice. 1 year later, under the guidance of Uluç Ali Pasha, the Ottomans build an even bigger fleet and raided the coastlines of Europe

[@sahipkran9447]

@@Iason29 It is a treaty which Austria accepted. Holy? Roman???? Ahahahahaha

[@antoinemonks4187]

Moribund! I learned a new word!!! This is my favourite series from this channel, thanks guys.

[@Kees247]

Heroes, respect. Thank you for this great video.

[@inigoaristegui4325]

In memory of these amazing men I wrote "Forjados en honor". Real facts about what these men did were so incredible that I hardly needed to imagine anything. But real history goes beyond the siege, years later few spaniards arrived in Sicily after escaping from turkish prison in Istambul

[@acatsquad243]

What a legendary hold that was in Castelnuovo...

[@hectorrodriguezortega5887]

Awesome video Kings and Generals (like many of your series) ¡¡¡ Viva los tercios !!!💪👏

[@amacrad]

One of my ancestors, Machín de Mungia fought in that siege. He was feared among the ottoman navy and seeing Barbarossa what affect would be, asked him twice to abjure christianity or be beheaded. The answer was "come the death because I won't" and the ottoman obliged. It was a time of bigger men, in both sides.

[@Thefutureis96]

How do you know this?

[@amacrad]

@@Thefutureis96 Well, I wasn't there, but the captive survivors that escaped from Constantinople back to Spain told what happend during the siege and in the aftermath. That's why this video exists, the ottomans wouldn't have told the story in the same way.

[@Thefutureis96]

@@amacrad i am asking how do u know machin is ur ancestor?

[@Floppedd]

​@@Thefutureis96 fake story

[@EmisoraRadioPatio]

@@Thefutureis96 Probably baptism records. This is how we Spaniards trace our family history for many centuries.

[@celtibero599]

“Pues que vinieren cuando quisieren” Francisco de Sarmiento

[@ramonoutesrivera7845]

@WILLIAM EWART GLADSTONE sarmiento no existió era un ser ficticio.

[@ninjakid09]

the amount of times the ottoman are caught unaware and get devasted by 600 men

[@-et-8934]

momo 12320 what about Huain

[@masayukitachibana2756]

@@trollgemomo3823 Moslems, get destroyed for being over confident since their prophet around.

[@fernandogarcia3957]

@@morningmidnight9398 go and take a look, truth shouldn't hurt anyone. And if you know how the Spanish Tercios used to fight and what maneuvres and tactical accumen they had, well you'd do well to take it as narrated on the video, just saying...

[@fernandogarcia3957]

@@MarkhasSteelfort you are right, but I encourage you to consider the expansion of Spanish armies at that time, and the hard times the Monarchy had to get quick currency (yes, formidable expenses) There are relations of Spanish armies in documents, but those I know are from 1625, even so, I'm referring only to one aspect of a complex reality. On the European battlefield, the Tercios were mostly victorious, usually with inferior numbers, but of course we have to see every case. Spanish were good at winning battles and losing wars (a bit exagerated, they lost battles as everyone did, and won some wars). Unfortunately I dont have accounts with me, but if you take a look during some 150 years everyone at the time was frightened of Spanish soldiers, being of the brink of victory in war, so they got also a bad reputation not always earned. Ottomans were probably the most powerful and also had many fronts, but as in mainland, the Spanish infantry showed in Lepanto how the first «marine» unit could fight on ships, being something akin to the Roman legion for its versatility. Over time enemies developed a way to counter this Tercios way of fighting, with the line infantry. But let me tell you, in Lepanto, Ottomans fought with bows against arcabuces and muskets, even if they had good artillery at the Fall of Constantinople. They didnt have armor and muskets (excepts for the janissaries I think) Maybe in numbers they were far superior, but war can also be doing with less and better trained. Mainland Spain didnt have more than 7 million people at best, this was never a very populated land, except the coast.

[@fernandogarcia3957]

@@morningmidnight9398 I lost twice the long comment I was writing, clumsy me! To summarize: I think I didn´t say Spanish soldiers were qualitatively different from other humans, or superior, that would make me a racist, and I´m not ;) but maybe my words conveyed something different from what I intended, I am bad at this haha The point I didn´t make before is DISCIPLINE: 2 things make the bulk of this virtue: 1 Organization 2 Morale Aaand if you read good and different researchs those were the things the Spanish Tercios were renowned for. And there are many accounts. And it seems to have been like that till Rocroi 1643. So, to honor truth is good to keep on researching, and I understand what you mean by accounts of everybody winning but distnace and time can come over that if we have enough sources and people wrting books about this. Although I don´t want to neccesarily argue, allow me to show you my point with an example that happened several times: You see a square pike formation with spears pointing up. They start moving towars your unit and the forest of pikes moves in unison. And you realize your square formation is not holding spears coordinately even stopped. The natural thing that happened is retreating or fleeing. you know many battles before the industrial era were not fought, just an exercise of discipline. Have a good one!

[@Coraxincarmine]

Awesome video, this battle should be turned into a movie!

[@thewazir7362]

Refused to surrender and preferring to die in the service of Charles V. What a honorable act!

[@incendiarybullet3516]

Sarmiento sounds like a genius to be honest.

[@magicogonzalez8465]

One of those executed after the battle was Captain Machín de Munguía, who had distinguished himself with his company of Biscaymen in the Battle of Preveza, defending tooth and nail, with success, a damaged Venetian galley and harassed by several Turkish ships. Barbarossa offered him to work for him or death, he preferred death and was beheaded on the spot.

[@jjt1881]

This proves beyond any reasonable doubt that the Spanish Tercios were the very best and bravest fighting unit of the 16th century.

[@ahmetosmanoglu8985]

as a Turk, respect to the Spaniards for their resistance, quite a bloody battle for such a small fortress, I guess it had to be very strategic

[@bigburr5]

It’s outrageous how great your content is!

[@AdamNoizer]

Some others were suggesting this in the comments, but I think if you guys did an Ottoman extension of your armies and tactics series that would be really cool. It would be interesting to see how the military transformed and adapted to the rapidly changing nature of warfare throughout the pre modern era.

[@joeyv.9227]

Man that was an epic last stand I love it! Keep up the good work

[@MrBander1]

Is it normal that I like these videos before watching them 🤔😂

[@pancracioreturns867]

There is a scientific research that say, if you like videos before you watch the first 5 seconds that means you have anus cancer

[@IamSome1]

@@pancracioreturns867 😂😂😂

[@-et-8934]

Pancracio Returns oof

[@dbdb5347]

@@pancracioreturns867 Yeah but the doc says it isn't malignant so I'll probably keep testing fate when it comes to K&G. They're worth the danger

[@tonijanovic9732]

I m really happy you are making a video about the cost where I live in if you need I can send you pictures of the old depictions of the battle on facebook. The Spanish fort is still standing in the city. This conquest of barbarosa had however big implications for the bay. Since the city of castel nuovo (hercegnovi ) is at the entrance of the bay it hindered the trade in kotor we had many sailing ships and the people were merchants. The problem was later solved when the venitions took over the city togheer with local captains one who distinguished himself was Vicko Bujovic. Anyways thanks a lot for covering this battle and this tiny part of our earth :)

[@Tanakun09]

Gotta give it up to the Spaniards and their commander. They really made the Turks paid dearly for that city.

[@mitch7235]

Wowzers! Sabaton should make a song about Castel Nuovo, what a battle! And with such brave and devoted men fighting against the Ottomans!

[@historycenter4011]

I would love that!

[@thesenate5956]

Same

[@acusticamenteconvusional9936]

Nah, for Sabaton anything south of Germany apparently doesnt exist

[@thesenate5956]

@@acusticamenteconvusional9936 Uhmm, what about: Last dying breath Cliffs of Gallipoli Hill 3234 Last Stand Last Battle Rorkie's Drift Back in control Counterstrike Coat of Arms

[@leonzoful]

@@morningmidnight9398 so, it would be like, "we took Castelo Nuovo with heavy casualties due to our over confidence and those pesky Spaniards" or something along those lines

[@jarmar777]

This deserves a movie.

[@oscarperez9304]

The siege in Castelnuovo followed the siege manual having a proportion of 10 attacants to 1defender. Furthermore, they could use the massive artillery without major problem but the surprise attacks from the Spaniards. Furthermore, the medieval walls were non strong enough to resist the artillery. So, the result was known since the beginning. The only remark to do was that the Spanish Tercio was compose of professional troops that delay the result of the battle more than expected. Furthermore, the Spanish Tercio never lost the position obliging the Ottomans to fight for every single piece of land. The fact that almost 100% of janissaries died during the battle is the demonstration of what I am saying.

[@Jackshephardlostie]

Let us pay tribute to those men that preferred to die with honor rather than lay down their beliefs

[@nm425]

it's amazing what the world has forgotten. thanks for this!

[@sakibmalhama5202]

We love Ottoman series. we want more videos on this series.

[@promenaishrane8694]

loved the video,big hello from Castelnuovo :)

[@KingsandGenerals]

Hi! :-)

[@mirzaeser9943]

I'm still waiting for The Turkish Wars of İndependence(Kurtuluş Savaşı). It is rather complex but I think you guys can handle it

[@AValidUserName]

King the patates yes!

[@anlyuksel2194]

M Y you are obviously not, a Turk wouldn’t insult the man who saved his nation.

[@Yasin12378]

Complex??? After all these Ottoman videos that have various conflicting sources, and covering a hell of a lot land and nation, the Turkish Wars of Independence will be a piece of cake.

[@burakcetav]

@@MY-mp6bq You are and never will be a Turk. Not even by a Turkish identity card. :)

[@alperenbaser5595]

@@S.Solmazturk Sende düzgün konuş . Peygamberimize ne laf ediyorsun lan. Dengesiz

[@princegaraad7308]

Another great video...happy and lucky to watch great work.

[@albertoyustevela7368]

Please make more about spanish history. Battle of Nördlingen for example :)

[@guieguima]

feels good to be finally on holidays and being able to catch up with all of your videos. =)

[@azu957]

God bless these valiant heroes!

[@Raws2000.]

love your content man

[@senorpaella1492]

¡Santiago y cierra! ¡ESPAÑA! 🇪🇸

[@atumalakaa150]

¡Viva Cristo Rey! 🇪🇸✝️

[@guqulsaare8752]

I’ve been waiting for this vid. Well Done boy!! 👍

[@KonEl-BlackZero]

Those spaniards had ball of steel.

[@kingkong2415]

u have to know it

[@stefoljamke13]

Damn it all. I was watching you all day long... Just to see that you actually made a video about Castelnuovo (modern Herceg Novi). A small town i din't even know that such a powerful battle and bravery too place in the same place i live... Great video as always, and greetings from Castelnuovo

[@nicholasp9239]

What Southern Slavs, Bulgars, Romanians and Magyars suffered after the Fourth Crusade, the passage of Ottomans in The Balkans for the weakness of Palaiologos Dynasty (with even civil wars) is always a very impressive and sad story. For the Spaniards, someone could not agreed with their vision of Worls but their history in the Golden Century is marvellous in every social level. For the House of Austria ambition and religious-political vision the Spaniards paid in blood.

[@redrose-gd8fu]

True

[@spyridon3089]

The southern slavs, bulgars were quite eager to betray byzantium during the fourth crusade, only the stupidity of the crusaders Made bulgaria their enemy. Plus you forgot the suffering of the greeks during and After the 4th crusade.

[@nicholasp9239]

@@spyridon3089 well, i thought to have mention Greeks. Sorry.

[@spyridon3089]

@@nicholasp9239 no need to apologize, i just thought that you had forgotten Them and added it. So all is good

[@Vitalis94]

YES! More Ottoman history!

[@turcoslav9942]

They should make a video on battle of maritsa.800 Chad Turks VS 70.000 Virgin Balkanians.

[@StopFear]

Castelnuovo battle is like real world tower defense game.

[@Velkan1396]

The Battle of Gorjani just hurts. XD R.I.P. for those Imperial men, and congrats and máximum respect for the Ottoman.

[@umaransari9765]

First few minutes of Siege of Catelnuovo hurts me too Not gonna lie XD

[@Velkan1396]

@@umaransari9765 x'D

[@ggoddkkiller1342]

By far the worst thing you could do while fighting against Nomads was keep chasing them so those people pushed right into a common trap. While the best thing you could do was staying in and defending castles because pretty much all Ottoman troops were light units and not suited for siege battles what so ever. When Suleiman the magnificent pushed into Habsburg territory and raided around he was actually trying to force Habsburg to meet his army in a pitched battle but Ferdinand refused it wisely :))

[@Velkan1396]

@@ggoddkkiller1342 Pretty Smart explanation. Never chase try to chase down a faster enemy, unless you come as a surprise or manage to surround it. But pitched battles (and skirmishes) are inevitable since you can't just let a invader freely raid your country or siege all your castles.

[@soundwave2481]

@@Velkan1396 And as a Turk Catelnuovo just hurts...bad, huge respect for those Spaniards that's how you make a last stand!

[@TheHistoryofSpainPodcast]

Oh my god I can't believe you actually made a video about this battle of heroes 😍😍

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks for watching and sharing on Twitter :-)

[@loszhor]

Another good one! Thanks for uploading!

[@Kharon46]

barbarossa was like i didn't expect a surprise Spanish attack ... NOBODY EXPECTS A SURPRISE SPANISH ATTACK

[@karlhans6678]

but a welcome one

[@jojokay7426]

Not even the natives in South America

[@BicornioSPA]

well if you know Spain history you must expect a surprise attack everywhere,everytime, because the good thing that are doing Spain a formidable infantry is the "bravado", every soldier is a captain too, so they dont wait order if they see a opportunity to win, they take it, and "encamisadas" is a good example, is more special force today that a simple raid, they are in the night, sword in hand.

[@atifimushtaq2139]

Great video much love Thank you

[@Daruliable]

Great video! Spanish tercios, the best infantry of the 16th century and on

[@mohammadsaida4603]

Nice history video showing how much allowing enemies collection in conjunctions producing great mistakes

[@Balt21Raven]

God, when I fight your enemies, send me Spaniards!

[@umarsulla8458]

alzalaqa😂😂

[@IamSome1]

Kings and Generals thx for this detailed video, I hope you keep up good work

[@abdulbasheer354]

It will be awesome if they make a movie out of this battle!!!!

[@emre909090]

Ottoman series are the best. Thx for making these great videos ^^

[@umaransari9765]

Why didn't you guys add Suleiman War ost music in this video That's best music in the world I request you to add that music in every Ottoman video

[@omerretrooglu9354]

what is that

[@umaransari9765]

@@omerretrooglu9354 it is a war theme of Suleiman The Magnificent in game called Civilization V It is like a modern version of Ceddin Deden

[@omerretrooglu9354]

@@umaransari9765 oh yeah. I wish turkey could do modern versions of ottoman marches

[@StopFear]

@Kings and Generals : Guys, you're missing on some very important details about the history and battles you are describing. I am talking about the time it took for one army or another army to move from point A to point B. For example how quickly did the forces of Suleiman reach the north western border of Hungary to attack Ferdinand Hapsburg? Was it days? (probably not). Weeks? Months? Was it limited by the speed of horses? Were they all on horses? I assume not since it would require too many horses. So did the horses move at the speed infantry can walk? This kind of detail is very important to understand the scale. It doesn't even have to be described in every battle and army movement, but maybe at least in important battles.

[@12345sincara]

Battle of Keresztes PLEASE in my opinion the best comeback in Ottoman history. Yet again another wonderful video

[@kiranchochinov2757]

Yes I love these episodes, please don’t stop!!

[@alex2zz2]

Yes, you have 50,000 soldiers 4,000 Jenizaros and superiority in both ships and canyons. ¿And? We have a Spanish Tercio.

[@michaelbohlman4144]

Another great vid!! Please do trajan and the dacian wars!!!

[@johnnyderp9379]

Excellent video as always. I'd like to see you go into detail about the Ottoman Empire's development and evolution

[@EmisoraRadioPatio]

Hard to imagine the Alamo is more famous than Castelnuovo...this coming from someone in Texas.

[@rodrigo9065]

Spaniards do not have the Hollywood machinery behind, if we did our history would probably be the greatest... sadly it has been silenced by the "Black Legend" (leyenda negra) created by british and norther europeans