How Charlemagne's Empire Fell

[@KingsandGenerals]

Get 20% OFF + Free Shipping @Manscaped with code KINGS at → mnscpd.com/Kings

[@LM-pd6wj]

Make a video about the tocharians please!!!!

[@RandomGuy-df1oy]

I would except at least a brief mention of the Magyar Invasions which were much more dangerous and costly then the Viking raids.

[@dipmalyaroy987]

make a video on triparty struggle

[@fatfrankthepeteacher4237]

MAKE VIDEO ABOUT MUGHAL EMPIRE IT IS SO EPIC AND INTERESTING. You need more indian!!!!

[@eduardoperez3855]

Europe is good and all that but where Is indian history?

[@kirkvander897]

Charlemagne clearly didn't rush Primogeniture inheritance laws in order to preserve his empire.

[@johntitor1256]

He would have, but that scheming wretch Glitterhoof advised against it.

[@gaiusjuliuspleaser]

Or embarked on campaign of targeted eugenics to breed super-nobles.

[@barbiquearea]

The original Sarlic Law mandated that lands were to be divided equally as inheritance among a king's sons.

[@princeps8980]

Maybe he should have choose celibacy or let unecessary son die in battle.

[@wiedzmin8204]

@@barbiquearea You dont know what they are talking about do you

[@TeamTwiistz]

Literally the most counter-productive governmental system I've ever heard of.

[@mathgasm8484]

Looks like my ck3 game when I have succession issues.

[@pierren___]

And the salic law ruled that question centuries before, giving the political supremacy To the first heir.

[@ramiromen6595]

On their defense logistics would have made most empires pretty difficult to defend if your ruler wasn't that capable (Louis the Pious is a good example); i mean even the Romans who were the gods of logistics had their empire split eventually. I won't deny the problems it creates though

[@mosesracal6758]

Just imagine if this continued for decades, the empire will fall into individual barns lmao

[@TeamTwiistz]

Imagine if Rome, Persia, Egypt, Macedon... if literally any other empire did this. lol no wonder Rome wasn't recreated.

[@Selvionus]

"The Carolingians weren't as good at blinding family members as the Byzantines, and Bernarnd Died" Byzantines: "Hah, damn amateurs"

[@Barwasser]

how do you get good at blinding people? ...asking for a friend...

[@Selvionus]

@@Barwasser Well you see, through practice, meaning you just need a lot of family members to depose and blind them afterwards.

[@Barwasser]

@@Selvionus sounds about right xD

[@MrAizatazmi]

Noobs

[@Barwasser]

@@MrAizatazmi don't wanna be a pro, tbh

[@istvansipos9940]

- He is a great ruler. Something epic must end his reign. A heroic battle, an evil assassin or a... - A fever. - yeah... Or a fever.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Hunting incident?

[@dr0g_Oakblood]

@@KingsandGenerals Please no, my Eu4-heart can't take it.

[@dr0g_Oakblood]

Really gotta love modern medicine, we take it for granted, but so many humans never had it or still don't, and suffer/ed for it.

[@odie-wankenodie8607]

@Kings and Generals Hunting accidents only seem to happen to good heirs. Enrique de Tratasmará does not seem to enjoy hunting.

[@Drahko12]

A poisonous fever, the convenient death 👀

[@johanm_16]

Some details that we did not get to cover in the script that you might enjoy: 2:04 : the division envisioned by Charlemagne was as followed: - his son Louis (the Pious) would get Aquitaine, Spain and Provence, - Pepin of Italy (father of the blinded Bernard, and not the disinherited Pepin) Italy, Bavaria and Swabia, - Charles, the eldest son of Charlemagne, got the Imperial title and the rest Both Charles and Pepin would die before Charlemagne, leaving Louis as the only legitimate heir (there were a few bastard sons, including his first, disinherited son Pepin, and Bernard son of the other Pepin). -- In the video, when we say "only heirs/sons", we are going to ignore a number of illegitimate sons and daughters for sake of brevity. 3:56 : If you play CK, you might know of the Carolingian branch of Vermandois, this is where they originated from 5:07 : Nicknamed Charles the Bald, he probably was not, in fact, bald, so don't complain that he has hair in his illustration :p 5:32 : The Oaths of Strasbourg is important for linguists as the Oaths were pronounced both in proto-French and proto-German by the two brothers, so both their armies could understand. 8:35 : Lothair II was desperate enough to have the marriage annulled that he gave the Jura (Western Switzerland) to his brother Louis II

[@johanm_16]

Well KZbin algorithm is strange so I will ad the sources here: Hello! Johan here, researcher and writer for this video. I hope you enjoyed our look at the Heirs of Charlemagne, a topic often forgotten as it's overshadowed by Charlemagne on one side and the Capets and Ottonids on the other. The goal I hoped to accomplish in this video was to give you guys an overview of the Carolingian Kings, where they ruled and their interactions between them, so next time you hear about Carloman of Bavaria or Louis the Stammer you can pinpoint them in the family tree and on the map. I'll answer questions on the period if you have any! /Per questo video sono eccezionalmente disponibili i sottotitoli in Italiano/ Sources for the Video: - Simon MacLean, Kingship and Politics in the Late Ninth Century: Charles the Fat and the End of the Carolingian Empire - Treccani - 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica - Antonio Brusa, L’alfabeto della storia 2 - Open Yale CourseHIST 210: The Early Middle Ages, 284-1000; Lecture 21 - Crisis of the Carolingians

[@Alex-ec4wu]

brothers , we watch videos. we know charles the bald is not bald. he was just crownless.

[@noobatthetower8747]

Cool

[@ixosis71]

From what I've read and studied, Bald was possibly a synonym of Bold, such as bald faced lie and bold faced lie are both acceptable idioms. Charles the Bald was probably Bold, not hairless of the head

[@ciripa]

@@johanm_16 great job!! what 's your favorite parts/periods of history?

[@abcdef27669]

Ottomans seeing the Carolingean Empire getting divided: "This is why we kill princes, when we have too many of them".

[@stormbringer2840]

Who would've thought it was actually the sensible thing to do ?

[@ben5056]

and 2 is too many

[@minatodroger7890]

Man when the ottomans had it right in succession huh

[@MariaCorrea-mr2gy]

Kinda. The Ottomans didn't have salic law, but had a civil war instead. They realized that harem is good and all to ensure a new sultan, but too many possible sultans are an issue for stability.

[@shehryarashraf5840]

Also Ottoman Fratricide ended in the early 1600s, correlating with the decline in the Empire.

[@sebastianbravo5028]

Fun fact: The Oaths of Strasbourg (5:34) are a military and honor pact between Louis and Charles, in which they promise to support each other and defeat Lothar. The peculiarity of this is that an early form of romance (derived from vulgar Latin) that would evolve in the French language is attested. In the words of the scholar Philippe Walter: "This is the oldest extant French text. It is political in nature, not literary, and is important in that it marks the written debut of the 'vulgar' tongue."

[@johanm_16]

Indeed, and not only is it an early (the first you say?) example of French language but also an early version of the German one, here is a fragment: - Frank: Pro deo et pro christian poblo et nostro commun salvament, d'ist di in avant in quant Deus savir et podir me dunat, si salvarai eo cist meo frade - Germanic: In Godes minna ind in thes christianes folches ind unser bedhero gealtnissi, fon thesemo dage frammordes, do framso mir Got gewizoi indi mahd furgibit, so haldit thesan minann bruodher - My English translation: For the love towards God and for the Christian people and our shared salvation, from this day on, for the power and wisdom that God will give me, I will protect him my brother

[@michelmorio8026]

@@johanm_16 speaking German, French & English, I‘m able to recognize and understand the proto-German part still pretty good out of a few words, but the proto-French text seems more Latin then French to me 😅

[@leowilly29]

@@michelmorio8026 as a native french, i Can cleary see french Roots everywhere.

[@silentgladiam2096]

@@michelmorio8026 Speaking french I managed to understand the proto-french sentence without the translation

[@razzledazzle488]

Being a German native speaker, knowing French only as a third language, I actually understood the Old French better than the Old German. Wasn't expecting this at all o_O

[@masterplokoon8803]

Carolingians:" Can't properly blind a family member to advance their political agenda" Empress Irene:" Pathetic"

[@ianhovenden5068]

Did she blind a lot of people I know the byzantines did that a lot but on that large of a scale ?

[@TrololzillaOG]

@@ianhovenden5068 She blinded her own son so she could remain in power lol.

[@masterplokoon8803]

@@ianhovenden5068 she was the regent of her son but when he came of age she didn't want to give up power so there was a power strugle and she blinded him to make him unfit to be Emperor. Blinding people to prevent them from gaining power happened sometimes in the middle ages.

[@masterplokoon8803]

@John Cena he died in prison and there weren't really negative consequences for her from that while the Frankish Emperor had to do penance and his position was weakened.

[@inquisitorialllama638]

@@masterplokoon8803 Yeah, such things didn't bother the Romans as much. Their mindset was more... Byzantine.

[@Alias_Anybody]

That period is often glossed over in European history classes. The more I learn about 800-900 the more sense it makes that they don't want to open that can of worms, lol.

[@shorewall]

They just want to call it the "Dark Ages" and leave out the whole "Carolingian Renaissance".

[@리주민]

Ironically, the can of Worms would be opened with religion and Martin Luther. Diet of Worms for the european historically challenged 😉

[@adamwarlock1]

@@리주민 I hate these fad diets.

[@terr1592]

@@shorewall it toally is a dark age, but there is far more too it than that, and it had to happen to get thing moving again in Europe unfortunately, although the way it happened with tribal inheritance being what governed Europe for over 1000 years was definitely not good

[@okguimacedo]

@@terr1592 I think we can divide the dark ages(medieval dark ages) in two great periods. One that goes from 476 to 800 and other that goes from 1315 to late 1300s(?)

[@phillip7731]

When you haven't researched partition in CK3 yet so every son gets an empire.

[@gluttonousmanu2725]

CK3?

[@Daniel-tr6qo]

@@gluttonousmanu2725 crusader kings 3. Very fun grand strategy game. Although, in my opinion late game mechanics should be more fine tuned for replayability

[@cjaquino28]

Which is why every player hates confederate partition.

[@phillip7731]

@@cjaquino28 The trick is to expand into other empires barely until you reach the county limit to create an empire and then just stop expanding in that direction so your empire doesn't fall apart lol

[@njb1126]

Still stuck with gavelkind?

[@nqh4393]

Gavelkind partition in a nutshell: so to stop my children from killing each other over inheritance, I’ll give each of them a piece of my realm so that they could wage war with each other instead.

[@lesROKnoobz]

Isn't it weird how these powerful families don't seem to love each other or regard each other in the way people do in modern times.

[@101Mant]

@@lesROKnoobz not really, they usually spent very little time together while growing up so there were not really the sort of bonds formed that you get now. 0pusnyou had to be ruthless to hold onto power.

[@shorewall]

@@lesROKnoobz have you ever seen a modern family dealing with a fat inheritance? People will rip each other apart.

[@nigelis2345]

@@shorewall I have seen cases in my country where family fight for property for many years.

[@yonathanrakau1783]

Average gavelkind fan vs average primagenature big empire enjoyer

[@alexandrebenoin40]

For when a serie on charlemagne era or frankish kingdom

[@sophiawilson8696]

The only thing I heard of this Charlamagne Kingdom was the movie Rose and the Winter. That this first Kingdom after West side of Rome fell.

[@G_Flash84625]

Yes Please

[@cpom5075]

Gavelkind Succession Every Paradox players worst nightmare

[@transsylvanian9100]

I quite enjoy it. Makes the game interesting. Primogeniture is too easy, almost no point playing anymore by the time you get it.

[@Charlie0l9]

This just means you got to conquer your neighbours and hand those newly conquered land out to your spares.

[@levitschetter5288]

I keep other sons happy by taking all my vassals lands when the revolt, Hispania has had a vassal board wipe once per Emperor

[@mosesracal6758]

Charles the Fat, is just something I didnt expect to reconquer Carolingian Empire even for a brief time

[@mustardstang573]

Well it was more of a “everybody’s dead” situation. He inherited it all then got deposed anyway

[@fcalvaresi]

He was so ineffective that he is not counted as a king in France. Before him there was Charles II the Bald and after him is Charles III the Simple.

[@ShubhamMishrabro]

@@fcalvaresi why are names like this 🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣. Fat,bald and simple

[@fcalvaresi]

@@ShubhamMishrabro this is description of their character, made by other people to differentiate them. Not everyone can be the Great. It was before the tradition of numbers started.

[@ShubhamMishrabro]

@@fcalvaresi ohh🤣🤣🤣🤣

[@deluca1031]

"The pretty decent king split the crown between his heirs" "Down drop his head and they started throwing chairs" "Succession crisis led to civil war" "And the pretty decent kingdom doomed to be no moreeeeeeeeee"

[@napolien1310]

Extra history!! Well played

[@deluca1031]

@@benisrood Yeah,not all kings/emperor/caliph are that good and there are also those bad empires and kingdom so that actually make sense.

[@nicholasnelson8641]

Extra history. Love the reference.

[@Lightingwarrior]

The sad thing is if Charlemagne had simply just changed Frankish laws where the eldest son would be the sole inheritor, like later medieval kingdoms did instead of having it divided among all his heirs, his empire probably would have survived a lot longer and become an even greater regional power in Europe

[@deluca1031]

@@Lightingwarrior Yeah,he literally just dump the "Oldest,sole inheritor" and instead split the empire and just see how their sons work things out

[@YiannissB.]

“How charlemagne’s empire fell” Short answer: Charlemagne died...

[@hy2024-e1g]

Slightly longer answer: Charlemagne died and Gavelkind succession law.

[@yonathanrakau1783]

@@hy2024-e1g shorter answer: no primagenature

[@astraldeath_]

That's literally the best answer one can give to this question

[@DiscothecaImperialis]

@@yonathanrakau1783 Primogeniture was concieved AFTER the fall of Carolingians I think. By that time, Barbarian traditions did showly faded away and became Medieval ways I think.

[@yonathanrakau1783]

@@DiscothecaImperialis why did anyone even think of gavelkind in the 1st place

[@rkaneproductions9827]

I’m so impressed on how kings and general’s videos have gotten better and better throughout the years. My favorite channel for history content by far.

[@colink563]

I always find it fascinating that a likely unintended affect of Charlemagne conquering the Saxons and destroying them is that he destroyed the one collection of tribes and people that had acted as a buffer state between his realm and this of the Germanic/Viking states, which thus brought on the Viking age, essentially creating all kinds of problems for his sons and heirs.

[@Siegbert85]

Never heard that. I thought the Vikings started their raids in England first. That was outside of Charlemagne's area of influence.

[@animeyahallo3887]

"What if" scenarios are always in my mind whenever I watch a major historical event like this one.

[@mism847]

And then I go play CK3 to realize that scenario, and repeat

[@18Krieger]

This part of history has good points for what if scenarios. It could have gone so many ways if just one thing would have happened differently.

[@paulchristensen7]

A series on the early barbarian kingdoms would be cool. Like going over what daily life looked like in the former Roman provinces under Germanic rule.

[@dominicguye8058]

Not much changed, actually

[@jouskehigaskita8835]

@@dominicguye8058 really ? Explain bro

[@michaelhenry3234]

@@jouskehigaskita8835 Rome evolved over time. By the time the empire fell, many of the barbarians had been Romanized, centralized power had already been in decline for decades, manorialism and serfdom had existed in some form for like a hundred years, etc. When the "barbarians" took control, they mostly just continued the system as it had been running before. Rome's fall was really an extremely slow and gradual decline, not a single event caused by barbarian conquest. The chosen date of 476 is really quite arbitrary. Odoacer, who overthrew the emperor in 476, was an officer in the Roman army and gained the support of the Senate throughout his reign.

[@JcoleMc]

​​@@michaelhenry3234 That didnt happen the real romans hated the barbarians of northern Europe so much they'd rather go the grave then allow them to rule , the Barbarains being uncivilized and illeterate neglected roman archetecture they regularly raided roman libraries and burnt those texts , realizing their mistake all to late as the newly reformed empires of asia surround europe , europe would never again be relevant till the 18 century .

[@michaelhenry3234]

@@JcoleMc Nothing I said was false. Rome's decline and fall was gradual. By the time Rome officially fell many "barbarians" had been integrated into the empire (And citizenship had been expanded to include them almost 300 years earlier). Rome had ceased being the actual capital (Ravenna had taken its place in the West, Constantinople in the East), manorialism had already begun to develop, and central authority had been eroded. As I said, it was hardly barbarian hordes upending society... Odoacer, _the_ barbarian who ended the empire in 476, was an officer in the Roman army, had support from the Senate, and was officially recognized as a governor under the Eastern Roman Empire's authority (although Odoacer was de facto king). The fall of Rome was complicated. Europe wasn't relevant till the 18th century? Really? So the Portuguese Empire wasn't relevant? The Spanish conquest of America? The Byzantine Empire?

[@Alatriste90]

Awesome as always. Would be nice to see more Carolingian and Iron Century documentaries. Like the Magyar migrations or the Saxons wars.

[@massimopisati7922]

"Italy went into a period known as the anarchy" which continues to this day

[@miguelpereira9859]

lmao

[@pogo8050]

🤌🤌🤌

[@Kazii_CSclips]

I completely overlooked Charlemange in history class when I was in middle school but I love how I got to know more about History and actually dive deep from the Bronze Age era to the Rise of the Roman Republic then the Roman Empire and WW1 and WW2 now that I'm at college.

[@TheTfrules]

Lothair really drew the short straw getting that middle kingdom. Totally undefendable

[@dominicguye8058]

Wars have consequences

[@EmptyMan000]

Drew? Not even. He was deliberately given the worst piece of a three piece pie as punishment by his brothers for trying to take over. Choices and Consequences.

[@Blalack77]

This is one of the most fascinating points in history to me. Anywhere in history where it's a transitional period after the fall of a kingdom, empire or dynasty, the power vacuum it creates, the chaos in-between, what happens next and the formation of new kingdoms. I'd like to see a video on the Franks/Germanic peoples between the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the rise of Charlemagne - basically, how they went from wild, raiding, pillaging "barbarians" to emperors. I guess like the mid-400's to the 600-700's roughly. Because what I said there probably is the single most interesting thing in history to me - how these "barbarians" terrorized the Roman Empire for most of its history, finally conquered it, took over and then became the kings and emperors of Europe - while respecting and preserving a lot of the ideas and customs of the Romans. It's just wild how much they fought and how much they _appeared_ to hate one another (Romans and Germanic people/Franks that is) but then later, these same barbarians want to be known as "Roman emperors" and revive Roman customs, ideas, traditions, etc... Fascinating...

[@MerkhVision]

I totally agree with everything you said! Those types of transitional periods are fascinating, and this one in particular is especially important in how it set the foundations for what Europe would eventually become and it’s influence reverberates through history. I’m also especially interested especially in how these loose confederations of tribes and their chiefs transformed into feudal kingdoms and formal states, and how they established their power and legitimacy. I also appreciate your mention of the cultural details, in how these separate and rival people came to aspire to and embody similar ideals.

[@Blalack77]

@StatusDynasty Well, I mean, that's why I put "barbarians" in quotes. From what I've been able to discern just casually learning about it is that the Germanic people/Franks were pretty Romanized by the fall of the Western empire. I'm not a scholar or anything so maybe I've got it all mixed up but that's what I'm saying - this is an interesting era and I'd like to learn more about the very specific, precise timeframe of what the Germanic people were doing and what their culture looked like from maybe a few centuries before the fall up until Charlemagne.

[@Blalack77]

@@MerkhVision Yeah I have really strong, grandiose ideas sometimes but I usually have trouble putting them to coherent words lol.. I would still be interested in finding a documentary or series or book or something on this very specific topic/timeframe. I guess as concise as possible: "How the Germanic peoples evolved from 'barbarians' to kings/emperors" and/or "The evolution of Germanic culture from [anywhere between like 100 BC to 100 AD] all the way up to (and/or beyond) the time of Charlemagne". There are some other Germanic groups I'd be interested in learning more about too - like specifically the Vandals and how they ended up in North Africa - and speaking of that, perhaps how the Carthaginians came about, the different Goth groups, the various steppe people Huns, Mongols, Scythians, etc. I don't know how it is for other people but a lot of these are kind of mysterious to me.

[@D10medes]

Damn, this has got to be the clearest, best account of the late Carolingian empire on KZbin. The amount of visual detail with clear, concise information is so impressive. You guys rock.

[@Parttous]

The animations here are simply amazing.

[@marcoslaureano5562]

Hearing the narrator say "Your balls and your body will thank you", just made my entire afternoon.

[@ChiefKene]

It’s always so interesting to see how one man build a empire and then his sons and grandson mess it up and fight with each other like they have no common blood

[@nucleardog6675]

I am just surprised one family had this much control over the people back then. Seemed like if ur a true decedent of Charlemagne you just ride in and get the kingdom.

[@Stabi470]

That 3D segment at 08:37 was GORGEOUS !

[@MrCount84]

This video makes understanding this period so much easier.

[@Gui101do]

This is a confusing web of territories and family members, but the way it was presented helped immensely. Well done!

[@michaelthomas5433]

Louis the Stammerer. Charles the Fat. Charles the Simple. Noble names indeed.

[@tylers.2596]

Kings and Generals you guys are so productive. Churning out all this new content. Much Appreciated.

[@IceNiner199]

Finding out that there was a monarch named King Bozo really made my day! :-D Clowns of the world, hold up your heads in pride!

[@johanm_16]

It is the anglification of his name, he is also known as Boso in English, and Boson or Bosone in other languages

[@dimitribagatelas1714]

"your balls and your body, will thank you" dude you killed it lmaooo

[@MrSpy-jo4je]

There has be some bloopers for that scene 😂

[@matthewjones7167]

69 likes. Nice

[@Mezzogiorno84]

Another Masterpiece, nice to watch, easy to understand. Chapeau. I would also expand the average duration to 25 minutes, as your audience is eager to learn, time isn't an issue.

[@thekingsamar5781]

I was just studying this topic,and you guys are helping me greatly.Keep it up.

[@gorgon6680]

"Manscaped probably can't save an empire, but it can save your love life" Jokes on you 90% of K&G viewers don't have a love life in the first place.

[@PedroGomes-cx7ku]

I'll have you know that I have a harem of sisters in Crusader Kings 3.

[@Dmartinez117]

My Love Is TO THE GLORY OF ROME

[@Dmartinez117]

AVE CAESAR PROFLIGATE

[@rocekth]

My CK2 game with far too many lovers and wife proves you wrong. Not to mention the 30 kids

[@Drahko12]

One day ☝️ maybe ☹️

[@JanneRanta]

This art style is epic. I hope you guys keep doing more videos with it.

[@cristianocosta4662]

This is one of the most important and at the same time unknown period of European History

[@justcallmeSheriff]

My favorite thing about this video is how it demystifies the concept of kingship in Europe. Rather than being Enlightened individuals trusted with temporal government by God, we see that kings are just lucky men born into the families of generals. They bicker and fight over power within their families, cut deals with nobles to share power in exchange for the title of "king", and die of simple disease like anyone else. Stories like this help you understand why the Romans did away with their kings... and also how the concept crept back in under the guise of the Caesar.

[@Darkdaej]

This channel has been my go-to source for my bedtime videos. I'll lie in bed with my headphones and listen to one of these videos while slowly drifting off to sleep. Not that you guys are boring at all - it's just that they're just long enough to carry me until I sleep and I can picture what's going on in my head with the descriptions, music and sound effects. I skip ahead past the ad though :P

[@Kuriko777]

I like how Germany and France are literally related to each other through the same ancestor, the Kingdom of Francia/Frankia, which was one of the Germanic states of that time.

[@DidierDidier-kc4nm]

From 450 AD to 1000 i would say you re right ,France and Germany (holy roman empire) were quite closed in the relationship sometimes tensed but from 1066 To 1453 most of relationship evolved to France with England (often for the worse;) and Gemany (holy roman empire) with Italia (often for the worse as well:)

[@NoName-yw1pt]

Yeah, France is very culturally diversed

[@N0Time]

Germanic does not necessarily mean German. The scandinavians are germanic but not germans. Nations and nationalities are political constructs that are not necessarily reduced to culture or language. France is a mosaic of peoples such as the Celts (Gauls, Bretons), the Germanic (Franks, Burgundians), the Latins (Romans, later Corsicans), the Basques etc. Saint-Clotilde, for example, the wife of Clovis, was a Burgundian, one of the Germanic peoples that make up France, as were the Salian Franks. Alfred the Great (founder of the House of Wessex in England) was Germanic, like Clovis, as he was Saxon. To say that the Salian Franks are not French is like saying that the Saxons who moved to England are not English. Riurik, the founding father of Russia, was of Germanic too (Scandinavian) aswell as Pelagius, the founding father of Spain (Wisigoth). However, it would not occur to a Swede or a German to want to appropriate them like it would not occur to a Frenchman to say that Richard Lionheart was French, even if he lived in France most of his life, is burried there and did not speak English. Charlemagne laid the territorial foundations of Germany by subduing and uniting the Germanic tribes through conquest (he's nicknamed the «Saxons Slayer»), just as Julius Caesar did in Gaul. Before Caesar, the Gallic tribes, although belonging to the same cultural group, did not have a unitary conception of their people or their territory. Therefore, to say that Charlemagne belongs to German history is like saying that Julius Caesar belongs to French history. Charlemagne belongs to French history in the same way that Leonardo da Vinci and Dante Alighieri or Ariminius and Martin Luther belong to Italian and German history, although these nations were not formed until several centuries later. Despite the anachronism, it could be said that Italy (Romans) laid the territorial foundations for what France would become, even though historically, the baptism of Clovis is the founding act, and that France (Carolingians) did the same for Germany, even though historically the proclamation of the Holy Roman Empire by Otto I is the founding act. The history of France begins in 496 with the baptism of Clovis, according to historians (I don't know any who argue the contrary but if you know of any please name them), according to the Church (France is called the "Eldest Daughter of the Church" to this day) and even according to a young illiterate peasant girl who didn't have access to history books (which is one of the many miracles of her journey) named Joan of Arc. The kings of France have been crowned in Reims since clovis. Charles VII cross the enemy lines to be crowned in Reims to obtain this legitimacy. They hold the title of kings of the Franks until the 12th century and all came from the Frankish nobility from 496 until 1830. The French had even been called Franks by their enemies until the 14th century and during the crusades.

[@Aprokind]

Started getting interested in the Frankish Empire and then this dropped, top.

[@inmhop3729]

Thank you for the visuals on this. It was most helpful.

[@ordotectonicus8585]

You do a great job of condensing centuries of history into only 20 minutes

[@johanm_16]

Thank you, it is difficult sometimes to cut stuff and details for the script but sometimes it is important to have a bird-eyed view on the events.

[@ordotectonicus8585]

@@johanm_16 are you one of the script writers? Anyway. Keep up the great work. I learn more from your engaging videos than i do at school

[@noobatthetower8747]

@@johanm_16 this was awsome

[@noobatthetower8747]

@@johanm_16 this was awsome

[@johanm_16]

@@ordotectonicus8585 Indeed I am the writer and researcher for this video

[@496676]

Your animations are getting better and better. Very good artwork there! Congratulations.

[@Atomik91400]

Charles in 845: "Can this situation get any worse?!" *Enter Ragnar*

[@AlexC-ou4ju]

thankfully the Franks Got a lot better under Count Odo in 885

[@youvebeengreeked]

*Kind of surprising that Kings And Generals have never done a full series on the campaigns of Charlemagne; he's such a pivotal figure in world history.*

[@lomax343]

When I was at university, what seems like a thousand years ago, I took a course in Mediaeval French. We were introduced to the oldest extant piece of written French - an agreement between Louis the German and Charles the Bald to gang up on their brother Lothair. I presume this was the Oath of Strasbourg mentioned at 5:34.

[@AlexC-ou4ju]

it was yes early french used there.

[@Siegbert85]

It was actually written in both: Old French and Old High German so both respective realms could understand it.

[@marc-ericleblanc-seguin4514]

I took a course on the history of the french language, which mostly covered the origins of the language and medieval french. C’était fascinant.

[@lomax343]

@@marc-ericleblanc-seguin4514 So you know the difference between the Langue d'oc and the Langue d'oil? After mumble years, I've yet to find that piece of information useful.

[@marc-ericleblanc-seguin4514]

@@lomax343 It’s pretty easy to remember: oc and oil both mean yes, oc is the southern languages and dialects of france and neighbouring regions, oil is the northern languages and dialects of france and neighbouring regions, and french is oil because the word for yes is oui which comes from oil. I admit that this knowledge has never been useful to me, not even once. But I have no complaints, as I enjoy learning about history very much and it was a really fun course.

[@rahjah6958]

Graphics and topics get better and better, aslo dosnt follow what other popular history youtubers make video’s of

[@amienabled6665]

Lets pour one out for our boi Charlemagne.

[@bobryant9923]

I'll cheers with you for my 32nd to 38th (multitude of lines) great grandfather.

[@ThePhoenix109]

@@bobryant9923 doubt it

[@mism847]

@@ThePhoenix109 Doubt what?

[@ThePhoenix109]

@@mism847 that you are distantly related to him.

[@DamonNomad82]

I've been working on discovering my ancestry, and found that I am descended from Charlemagne from several different lines (as I'm sure many thousands of others are). That adds a whole new dimension to the fascination I already had for this history.

[@selecttravelvacations7472]

I want to see a dedicated historical fiction production in the style of HBOs “Rome” with these historical story threads. Such a fascinating time in history.

[@inakik97]

The artwork is amazing

[@frankwu4747]

All of those sudden deaths are highly suspicious…

[@SaintJust1214]

Death was much more common in the past.

[@rodan2852]

😂👉

[@napoleonibonaparte7198]

Andorra: the Last of Charlemagne’s realm.

[@AtticusAmericanus]

"You want me to trim my what now?"~Every male in the Dark Age.

[@y.r._]

I don't get it

[@longyu9336]

@@y.r._ Whilst in Classical Antiquity, people like Caesar plucked their bodily hair, Dark Age people thought that beards and body hair was given to them by God, hence trimming body hair was considered almost a sacrilege.

[@y.r._]

@@longyu9336 I wonder how I wasn't able to understand it the first time I read it

[@joellaz9836]

@@longyu9336 Actually it was mostly because Germanic people loved beards and long hair

[@sanchodesangleyaragon3492]

I hope you create a documentary about norman conflicts within france. Specially the ones against the french kings. That would be great.

[@otto6702]

We need a video about Otto the Great. His influence on European history cannot be understated.

[@masonkim7]

the production value of this video is off the charts!

[@Mwakinificent]

I'd like a video on the predecessors of the Karolingians, the Merovingians! I feel like it's relatively hard to find info about them.

[@tannerlembke8659]

Love your work Kingsand Generals. I'm always excited to see what new material you have for me to learn.

[@omarb7164]

I’ll take a one minute ad on balls manscaping over Raid shadow legends or squarespace anyday. Respect

[@ruairimonophthalmos5458]

Couldn't agree more.

[@shorewall]

I couldn't agree less. Manscaped ads are pure liquid cringe.

[@Dave_Sisson]

@@shorewall Anything,..absolutely anything... even that ad... is better than Raid Shadow Legends.

[@miloskrstic7491]

Animation and art in this video are really inspiring.

[@sirwelch9991]

It has been so many years since we saw something about the Father of Europe himself. Thank you!

[@philippekogler]

my 35th great grandfather. Philippe Jean Kogler, You → Denise Kogler, your mother → Marcelle Helene Marchoux, her mother → Jean Texier, her father → Jean Texier, his father → Pierre Texier, his father → Marquis Etienne Texier de Javerlhac, his father → Marquis Etienne-Marie Texier de Javerlhac, his father → Marquis Pierre-Francois-Marie Texier de Javerlhac, his father → Marquis Henri-Bernard Texier de Javerlhac, his father → Marquis Bernard Texier de Javerlhac, his father → Comte Jean-Francois Texier de Javerlhac, his father → Henri de Texier, his father → Francois de Texier, Seigneur du Breuil, his father → Catherine de Texier, his mother → Baron Raymond de Lambertye de Montbrun, her father → Seigneur François De Lambertie, his father → Jean De Lambertie, his parent → Catherine De Lambertie, his mother → Allemande de Gontaut Biron, her mother → Gaston de Gontaut, IV, her father → Pierre De Gontaut Biron, his father → Gaston de Gontaut Biron, III, his father → Marguerite Marqueze de Lomagne, his mother → Obrie de L'Isle-Jourdain, her mother → Bernard Jourdain de L'Isle-Jourdain, Comte de L'Isle-Jourdain & de Dunes, her father → Bernard I de L'Isle-Jourdain, his father → Jourdain I de Lisle, his father → Raymond I de Lisle, his father → Emma Taillefer, his mother → Guillaume III Taillefer, comte de Toulouse, her father → Adélaïde la Blanche d'Anjou, Reine consort d'Aquitaine, his mother → Fulk II, Count of Anjou, her father → Fulko I "Le Rouge", Comte de Anjou, his father → Ingelger, count of Anjou, his father → Petronelle d'Auxerre de Gâtinais, Comtesse de Anjou, his mother → Hugo, Archchancellor of the Empire, her father → Charlemagne, Römisch-deutscher Kaiser, his father

[@Toumahitoedits]

Louis I "the Pious"(only surviving son of Charlemagne) kicks the bucket* Charles the Bald of France, Lothair I of Italy, and Louis I the German completely divided the Frankish Empire* Frankish Empire: Guess I'll die :(

[@quadcannon]

Excellent video and a digestible version of what happened to the Kingdom of Charlemagne.

[@Hashishin13]

"...marked the end of an era, as no longer would the kingdom be unified." Bozo: "Am I a clown to you?"

[@bigfenix8272]

In under 24 hours, thank you SO MUCH again!!

[@shidqifarrasi9783]

I came 10 seconds after this video is posted and it didn't disappoint me at all, keep the good work.

[@Drahko12]

👀 what

[@gutika113]

This art style was awesome.

[@denniscleary7580]

Unfortunately they fall just like every great empire does, division and corruption. Good video Kings

[@Έλα_ρε]

one of the best video i have ever seen!great job once again Kings and Generals!greetings from Greece!

[@Jürgen_von_Schumacher]

As a German, I'd like to make a slight correction. Lotharingia is a latinized form of our name for Lorraine. We call it Lothringen in German

[@Manuel-gu9ls]

One of my most favorite Kings in history, there are other channels about him like @fire of Learning & @armchair historian both and this are great depiction and stories about Charlemagne and his Empire that gave the potential identities of each kingdom that made it up.....

[@PhilHug1]

Could you please do a video on how the Capetian dynasty went from figureheads to kings with real power?

[@jimbojangles9056]

Would be cool if you did some episodes abour charlemanges battles and events of his life. So hard to find any good info about it. Great episode tho love the choice. Been waiting for a charlemage and europe story for awhile. Keep uo the great work

[@topsmug3409]

Probably the most important factor to remember is that the post Roman kingdoms direct power stopped a few miles outside its kings castle, and largely depended on the power of the kings vessels. In short, the Carolingian empire was just too big and decentralized to survive.

[@AlphaCrucis]

European history is so difficult and confusing for me. Finally a video that illustrates a macro view of what is going on in a way I can follow along with.

[@byzantinetales]

It's hard to achieve primogeniture within a lifetime :D

[@andreasleonardo6793]

Too nice video with clear explaining of events which occurred at that time 👍👍👍👏🏾👏🏾👏🏾

[@CliffCardi]

Charles, Lothar, and Louis: "Daddy, which one of us do you love the most?" *Louis the Pious nervously sweats*

[@tarekmohamedkamelghanem4926]

I am just in love with the map design and I keep imagining how good it look in an actual game

[@barbiquearea]

I used to think the Ottomans were pragmatically cruel for executing surplus male heirs whenever a Sultan passes away. But now I think they probably had the right idea at least when it came to keeping their vast empire unified, rather than allowing competing successors to fracture it like the Carolingians.

[@HeadsFullOfEyeballs]

Oh, yeah, it was a very good idea from an imperial politics perspective. Leftover princes immediately started to cause trouble when they abolished the custom of murdering them.

[@doloressaucedo9992]

immensely...interesting. ....immensely real! I can watch this over and over. love your historical/ educational videos!

[@jakovvodanovic9165]

The animation is just unbelievably good!

[@2byteCode16]

African guy here, European history is really epic!!

[@LOLERXP]

Man I sure hope this will lead us to some more pre-Renaissance HRE stuff... The period between Otto I. and the Habsburg streak seems to be practically uncovered on history KZbin? So the whole first 400 years of the German HRE. Except some Frederick Barbarossa videos. The Staufer dynasty for example, particularly Frederick II. should be good for content

[@Delta-V1]

This is marvelous sir, thank you for the great material.. Wish I had this when I was a child... 😊

[@princepscivitatis4083]

Charlemagne's Empire could've flourished even more if he had only united the HRE and the ERE by marrying Irene of Athens and fathering a legitimate successor.

[@thatwasprettydecent7497]

Irene was past child bearing age though

[@barbiquearea]

But wasn't Irene merely a regent to her son Constantine VI? I don't see how her union with Charlemagne would have solidified Carolingian influence over the Byzantines unless Constantine VI also married one of Charlemagne's daughter.

[@LuisBrito-ly1ko]

@@barbiquearea Irene deposed her son and became Empress. That’s the reason why Charlemagne became “Roman Emperor” in the first place. The pope in Rome already disliked the Byzantines and used the excuse that a woman cannot be Empress to hand the title to the Franks.

[@edk487]

That would not have work the Eastern romans hated barbarians with passion look at how they treated Zeno.

[@Montechristoss]

@RandomWarThunder indeed

[@JjackVideo]

"It is no surprise to me that these Northmen have arrived in Wessex. After I heard about their raids into Northumbria, I realized it was only a matter of time before they came ashore here. When I lived at the court of the Emperor Charlemagne, of long and blessed memory, these Northmen had already emerged from their lairs to attack parts of his empire. And I remember an incident from this period very well. I was with Charlemagne's party at a harbor town in southern Gaul. As we sat eating supper, a fleet of pirates attacked the harbor. There was some confusion about their identity, but from the build of their ships and their speed through the water, the Emperor recognized them at once as Northmen. After a lightning attack... They made their escape. The Emperor's men took up the chase, but they were soon out-sailed. Charlemagne rose from the table and stood at the window, facing east. I remember it as clearly as if it were yesterday. For a long time, he stood while the tears poured down his face. In the end, he said, "Do you know why I weep so bitterly? "It's not because I'm afraid these ruffians will do me any harm. "I am sick at heart "to think that even in my lifetime, "they have dared to attack this coast. "And I am horror-stricken when I foresee what evil they will do "to my descendants and their subjects."

[@dannybazooka1]

Carolingians: blinded family member dies Byzantines: Mediocre

[@samuelademeso9041]

Got to say the production value of Kings and generals is getting lite everyday

[@skrahzgutstomp5584]

I can't tell you how hilariously strange it was to hear the narrator (whose name to this day, after years and years of following K&G I still don't know) say the words "your balls and your body will thank you" with his history professor voice! 😂 What a champion!

[@niccolocaramori7288]

Ehi Kings and Generals are you gonna make a video about the birth of the Italian communes and the wars against Federico Barbarossa? Anyway excellent video and very good content keep up the good work

[@giorgiociaravolol1998]

"In Italy there was anarchy" Wow, why am I not surprised