How the Ruthenians defended against the Mongols - Medieval DOCUMENTARY

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The Kings and Generals animated historical documentary series on Mongol History continues with a video explaining how the proto-Ukrainians in Halych and Volhynia defended against the Mongols. In our previous episode we discussed the European defence against the Mongol invasions ( • How the Europeans foug... ) and how the Mamluks ( • How the Mamluks Defend... ) and Chinese defended against them ( • How the Chinese Defend... ).
Our podcast on Mongol history - kingsandgenerals.libsyn.com/2...
How the Mongol Empire Fell - • How the Mongol Empire ...
Lost History of Genghis Khan - • The Lost History of Ge...
Mongol Ideology - Why Chinggis Wanted to Conquer the World - • Mongol Ideology - Why ...
How the Mongols Became Muslim - • Why and How the Mongol...
Why the Mongols Tolerated Other Religions - • Why the Mongols Tolera...
Rabban Bar Sauma: Adventures of Mongol Marco Polo - • Rabban Bar Sauma: Adve...
Mongol Army - Tactics, Logistics, Siegecraft, Recruitment - • Mongol Army - Tactics,...
Is Genghis Khan Ancestor of the Millions? - • Is Genghis Khan Ancest...
What is the Truth about Tartaria: • What is the Truth abou...
Previous videos in our series on Mongol history - bit.ly/3eezUnW
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The video was made by Galang Pinandita, while the script was developed by Jack Wilson - The Jackmeister. Check out his channel dedicated to the history of the Mongols: / @thejackmeistermongolh... . This video was narrated by Officially Devin ( / @offydgg & / @gameworldnarratives )
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#Documentary #Mongols #Mamluks

[@KingsandGenerals]

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[@Ukraine40]

The code doesn't work?

[@zvelekva]

Proto Ukranians??? Really??? That's a thing??? Cos I thought at that time they called themselves Russians and were part of the Kievan Rus.XD In fact, didn't the defeat to the Mongols happen under the Rurik dynasty whose last known descendant/ruler was Feodor I of RUSSIA aka Fyodor I Ivanovich, a RUSSIAN czar during the 16th century??? You advertise yourself as a channel presenting historical accounts of significant military events... You're a joke and a blatant propagandist, shame on you. Unsubscribed.

[@eksiarvamus]

Northern Estonia was under Danish rule, not Swedish rule.

[@eksiarvamus]

Also parts of Estonia weren't under Novgorod rule back then.

[@adamradziwill]

FINLAY THE RIGHT TERMINOLOGY ! STILL , WE LITWINS (GDL) who destroyed ulus of juchi

[@adamcseri9548]

It seemed rare for ruler siblings to support each other in history, but Danylo and Vasylko were doing great. Imagine being cut on the chest and not even realizing it 😐

[@adamcseri9548]

By Neo For the Algorithm and Tengri gods!:)

[@aivarasmarcinkevicius]

Also 14th century brother ruling duo of Grand Duchy of Lithuania Kęstutis (father of a Grand Duke of Lithuania Vytautas the Great) in the west and Algirdas (father of Jogaila, King of Poland) in the east.

[@The818carlos]

"How did the Ruthenians defend against the Mongols?" "They didn't....." *loony toon ending theme music*

[@josesoria2072]

Why fight when the option of going with the flow lets them rule and survive? It is always wise to know where and when to fight

[@annehersey9895]

It's nice to see, for a change, a case where two brothers actually get along and find a way to carry on their father's legacy and lands without killing each other!

[@MrCasper652]

Ivan Franko, great ukrainian writer, wrote a novel Zakhar Berkut exactly about these events. Translated into English by Theodosia Boresky. Highly recommended!

[@j.d.snyder4466]

Excellent recommendation: beautifully written and translated. Thank you for the title and author.

[@leotka]

Recently new version of Zakhar Berkout was made by Hollywood. This is second movie based on Ivan Franko novel.

[@kaissertsarist]

Did Franko knew that hes ukrainian?

[@cornelishenk4569]

It's crazy absolute mind blowing how much fighting took place back in those days. I think they were way more crafty in war and the sword and bow then we can even imagine. Just think of alllll these years of swordmanship.

[@MrSecretTop]

8:14 You failed to admit that you said in several videos that the Mongols abandoned the campaign in the west because of Ogedei's death. You said the same thing with Möngke's death.

[@adamshaar4960]

Yeah, I really recommend you listen to Dan Carlin’s Wrath of the Khans. Some great stories in there that will help string alot of the mongol timeline together. Cheers!

[@thomasvandevelde8157]

Thank you for this high-quality content, and the high-quality subtitles for us non-English speakers!

[@Kili2807]

Congratulations on 3 million subscribers! You are by far my favorite history channel. Keep up the great work.

[@just_a_turtle_chad]

Seeing the comments call out the video for being wrong gives me hope that not everyone is far gone.

[@Lochamp]

Might be, but Zelensky is still kicking Putins in the teeth. Russia is a joke not a power. Chechens and mobilized dying by the thousands for inches, just so US weapons can blow them up as target practice. Then, Poland will finish the job if needed. Slava Ukraina fool

[@gazey]

Only history lovers can think logically. Others just follow what people say without even thinking for themselves. I pity them

[@lamole329]

cant see any of those comments. but i can see the comments of people hurt over the name of the video

[@sarkis951]

proud of being in bot army?

[@visayanmissnanny2.076]

@@sarkis951 I love it when folks throw the word “bot” around…

[@hfar_in_the_sky]

Pope: "If you convert to Catholicism, we'll provide you with support in the upcoming fight with the Mongols." Danylo: "I don't like it, but I need all the help I can get." Pope: "Oh, actually we can't provide you with anything right now but we'll give you this shiny new crow." Danylo: "...I'm converting back to Orthodoxy." Pope: "What?! You can't do that! We demand you convert back to Catholicism immediately!" Danylo: "What're you going to do? Have that army you promised to help fight the Mongols but all of a sudden can't muster come and attack me instead? Oh wait."

[@beachboy0505]

Excellent video 📹 We wait for the next part.

[@-RONNIE]

Thank you for the video 👊🏻

[@ganizhunis910]

Curumsah successor was a different story. Yeah in south Kazakhstan many villages on his name. Boraldai, Burundai

[@WorldArchivist]

Welp, we have another set of royal brothers, civil war time! Romanovich brothers: We don't do that here.

[@grahamturner1290]

Outstanding video, guys. 👍

[@TheGeneralGrievous19]

In terms of content this is a great video. 👍 This period in this region of Europe is rarely explored in English-speaking world. But I think using the term Ukrainians is a little anachronistic here. It would also be really interesting to see you covering the struggle for Halych-Volhynia region between Poles, Lithuanians and Hungarians in 14th century and a kind of 'westernization' of the region in subsequent centuries because of Polish influence in Ruthenia. 🦁💙

[@Kwerd]

and why anachronistic?

[@Kwerd]

@@massive1979 like it or not, the concept of "nation" originated with the french revolution. Italians appeared in the 19th century, and it doesn't matter that earlier people were called Genoese, Milanese, and had the same religion, culture, tradition, language

[@michimatsch5862]

@@Kwerd We don't call the Holy Roman Empire Germany either. It just wasn' t that nation yet.

[@andriilink5666]

@@massive1979 What did you mean by "existing as a nation"? Then who were those people living in Ruthenia? They were not ethical Poles, not ethical Lithuanians, not ethical Hungarians, they had their own language and culture, their own state and kings (who's sons married daughters of Hungarian kings). Then who exactly were they? Some aliens? As it is told in the video, the title Ruthenia was only a title of the region - not some ethnical group.

[@tremedar]

@@michimatsch5862 Which would be why calling the inhabitants of the HRE proto-Germans is accurate. They had always been called Germanic, but Germany, the state, no it didn't exist until the Franco-Prussian war came to a close and all the Germanic nations unified into one empire.

[@robbabcock_]

Fantastic video! I can't wait for the next ones.

[@theuniverse5173]

OGs will remember when the video was called how Proto Ukrainians defended against the mongols

[@Kwerd]

and not proto-Ukrainians? then who

[@anarquia201]

@@Kwerd Rus or Ruthenians

[@Kwerd]

@@anarquia201 and who now lives on the territory of the Rus' kingdom and Rus'?

[@anarquia201]

@@Kwerd i suppose that makes the turks the true heirs of rome and Alexander

[@Kwerd]

@@anarquia201 Ukrainians like Turks came to someone's land, or were they still natives?

[@Tenno_Hirohito]

Wow this was a complete blind spot for me i knew areas close to there but this is a whole new thing for me

[@S0ulinth3machin3]

The Battle of the Kolka River is covered but then how do the Battles of Legnica and Mohi not figure into the story?

[@arystanbeck914]

There were no Cuman, they were Kipchak

[@arystanbeck914]

@@ChevyChase301 why do you call yourself Karl V. Do you really thing you are a king? Very mature

[@brokenbridge6316]

I don't blame the two brothers one bit for bowing down to the Mongols. They would've been destroyed otherwise.

[@Mezzogiorno84]

Great video again!

[@paulclifton9488]

Anyone who has played Total War Medieval 1 knows that the Ukrainians/Rus should have built the biggest fortresses possible in Volga-Bulgaria and the Chimera and filled it with a ton of Halberdiers with gold armour and gold weaponry (but not enough to be starved out in a few turns). If they did this the Mongols would have all stood in archery range of the walls and sent units one by one to hit the gates with swords whilst standing under pouring boiling oil until the swords eventually made the portcullis suddenly disappear. Then they would be all killed in turn by the Halberdiers. Just talking from personal experience.

[@reybladen3068]

Changing the title and thumbnail was a good decision.

[@esotericD]

They changed the thumbnail lmao😂😂

[@aniruddhsathe2420]

Heyy can anyone help me like i have to see all the 770 videos of this channel so how should i proceed watch as uploaded from start to now or as playlist like all series

[@HAVOC-ll4gq]

I think they were called Kievan rus correct if im wrong

[@abukafiralalmani]

Even this is a term created by historians. They called themselves Rus'

[@high4702]

There was no Kyivan Rus, this name was created in 19th century. If you will read chronicles deeply you will see that the word “Rus” was mostly used like ethnonym but not like territory. Mostly by the word “Rus” people mean orthodox people. There was also term “роусьска земля” that means territory of over Dnipro lands, Volyn, Kyiv, Chernihiv, Pereyaslav and Smolensk. Also you will see that people wrote: “I am going from Novhorod to Rus” or “I am going from Suzdal to Rus”

[@tremedar]

I think the Kievan Rus were one part of what could be called proto-Ukrainian. Do NONE of you people criticizing this choice of words understand what proto means?

[@ashokamaurya4478]

Love hearing about people who actually were able to fend off the Mongols (to an extent). It gives me hope.

[@Tenno_Hirohito]

Hey bro its me Nasca (tokyo)

[@alexhyper3331]

Yo!

[@Tenno_Hirohito]

@@alexhyper3331 yo

[@alexhyper3331]

@@Tenno_Hirohito His 10 likes are taking so long😭😭😭

[@Tenno_Hirohito]

@@alexhyper3331 yeah

[@diogosousa868]

K&G.... I like your videos, they are good way to learn history and made me buy several books about many civs/empires/etc. But calling the Kievan Rus as proto-Ukranians... Is way, but way far fetched. That's the same as calling the Lusitanians, a celtiberian tribe, the proto-portuguese. Ruthenians would, at least, have been a better phrasing.

[@Kwerd]

that is, Genoese, Milanese and Bolognese are not Italians? and it turns out that the Italians appeared only in the 19th century?

[@yaldabaoth2]

@@Kwerd Not sure if you are joking but northern Italia was indeed settled by celtic (Romans called them gallic) people. Northern Italy was indeed called provincia gallia cisalpina (Gallia this side of the Alps), then came 600 years Roman rule, then the German Langobard (or Lombards) moved into the area. So, what IS Italian and which one of these people are proto-Italian? Diogo Sousa is absolutely correct that calling Ruthenians from 1000 years ago proto-Ukrainians is absurd and K&G apparently agreed as they changed the title.

[@Kwerd]

@@yaldabaoth2 And where did the Ruthenians disappear then? Some nomads came and took their place, or how?

[@yaldabaoth2]

@@Kwerd Mixed with Kossack, Turkic/mongol (tatar), Turkish, Polish, Lithuanians, Romanians, Russians etc. There weren't many Ruthenians left after the mongols were done (Kyiv destroyed and 95%+ of the population killed) and mostly near the Carpathian mountains. The steppes were empty and dominated by non-ruthenian nomads.

[@diogosousa868]

@@Kwerd you do realize that Ukraine this time had several groups besides the Kievan Rus. Your example of the Genoese and others from the italian peninsula cant really be compared to the Kievan Rus. They weren't proto-italians, they were already italians. That's way i said "Ruthenians", as then we know we're talking about the Rus that would, throughout centuries, become the Ukrainians. The Portuguese were once the same as the Galicians (in Galiza, Spain, both descendents of the inhabitants in the Northwest corner of Iberia), same language, culture and costumes. But through historical events, as the roman conquest of Iberia and the consequent divide of the peninsula with the roman provinces of Lusitania and Gallaecia, and later disputes between aristocratic families, churches and others, the soon to be Portuguese rebelled from Galiza and expanded south. Is somewhat similar with the Kievan Rus... A group that would later split between the Ukranians and Russians (as well the Belarusians... The almost always forgotten brother of the 3).

[@Argacyan]

5:30 I noticed a sliver of lighter coloured green at Kerch on this map. What's the context for that?

[@KingsandGenerals]

A mistake :-)

[@fulminatus6241]

Proto-Ukrainians? Please tell me that's for the algorithm.

[@Kwerd]

:/

[@jcheck1107]

Who cares?

[@AdamOwenBrowning]

@@jcheck1107 History nerds and pro-Russian mouthbreathers really, really care lol. I can see the argument for both. People think it's "pandering". kinda funny cos "Fulminatus" here has directly *rewarded* the use of "proto-ukrainians" in the algorithm by even caring enough to comment, cos a comment is engagement

[@joao.fenix1473]

@@AdamOwenBrowning IT IS PANDERING. it is obvious, the Rus were people from Novgorod, Moscow, Ryazan, Kiev and many others and like Italy divided in numerous polities but Undeboutly similar even if later they developed a separate identity

[@raritica8409]

for sure, but clickbait is hardly a new thing.

[@robertgianakis763]

I don’t think anyone was describing the people of that area as proto Ukrainians haha

[@Kwerd]

when did the italians originate?

[@Kwerd]

@@forrix6294 when did the italians originate?

[@Kwerd]

@@forrix6294 I wonder if you are a hypocrite or a fool

[@ukrainiansareproto-mesopat9235]

I don't get this comment. That Ruthenians are a large part of Ukrainian ethnos is not disputed.

[@stacey_1111rh]

@@forrix6294 That would be your interpretation and that only. He’s been pretty objective with The Ukraine conflict considering what Russia has done and is still doing to their country. As they say go cope

[@Sviatoslav_The_Brave]

The oldest recorded mention of the word ukraina dates to the year 1187. In connection with the death of Volodymyr Hlibovych, the ruler of the Principality of Pereyaslavl which was Kyiv's southern shield against the Wild Fields, the Hypatian Codex says "Oukraina groaned for him", ѡ нем же Оукраина много постона (o nem že Oukraina mnogo postona).

[@harleyquinn8202]

В «Сказании ο Довмонте» 3-й Псковской летописи 1271 года говорится о сёлах псковской «ѹкраины»

[@Sviatoslav_The_Brave]

@@harleyquinn8202 Псков це земля України. Скоро всі наші історичні землі будуть деокуповані.

[@Kwerd]

@@harleyquinn8202 как ты считаешь, Москва украинный город?

[@Kwerd]

@@Truspio is not known for certain, there are many versions

[@harleyquinn8202]

@@Kwerd Возможно когда Москва была на окраине Руси. В то время да.

[@shabeenahamed8987]

Pls make a documentary on history of Goa

[@MercShame]

Everyone on here complaining about the name of the video apparently didnt actually watch the video

[@user-wr2sk5nj7k]

👍👍👍

[@materakoczi2519]

Its like calling the english settlers in the new world proto-american, or proto-canadians.

[@Kwerd]

and why is your comparison correct?

[@thadsul]

@@Kwerd because in both cases you are defining people in the past not by what they were, but by what they would be in the future

[@Kwerd]

@@thadsul and what are the changes, except for the name?

[@thadsul]

@@Kwerd if you think there are no changes, only in name, then why do you question the comparison made initially?

[@thadsul]

@@Kwerd I will tell you why: because nationalistic views of History are illogical. Modern cultures are a continuation of past ones, but never identical. We, modern people, are not the same as out ancestors

[@truman4853]

Elite adjustment on the title that’s a 4 star general action

[@okancanarslan3730]

the disunity of Rus principalities and other eastern European kingdoms even in the threat of Mongol empire is puzzling.

[@romelnegut2005]

Funny thing, I was playing the exact game that is the sponsor for this episode.

[@Nomadicenjoyer31]

Weren’t they Cossacks?

[@abukafiralalmani]

They came later in the times of the Polish-Lithuanian commonwealth, the Crimean Khanate and the Tsardom of Russia. It's around 1450 to 1750

[@sircatangry5864]

Cossacks was Borodnik tribes in dnieper in that time.

[@romanscerbak5167]

@@cosmiccosmonaut820 stop reading r*ssian history propaganda.

[@alekshukhevych2644]

@@cosmiccosmonaut820 What growing Russian demographic in Ukraine? What are u even talking about. Cossacks were huge. During the Hetmanate every region of free Ukraine had Cossack battallions.

[@Rugged-Mongol]

18:00 - As a Mongol, *Damn my ancestors got around.*

[@apexnext]

Because of this channel I've really started to respect Mongols and that era! Little bit from Ghost of Tsushima too. I actually liked going around and collecting all the mongol items to learn about the culture of the time they came from!

[@Argacyan]

I saw the previous title & thumbnail

[@abukafiralalmani]

The proto-Ukrainians called themselves Rus'

[@Streetslogic]

The fact that they completely chose to ignore the obvious makes this video comparable to satire, can't take it serious.. "Proto-Ukrainian" 😭😂

[@Kwerd]

@@Streetslogic what does it manifest itself in?

[@visayanmissnanny2.076]

In case anyone doesn’t know, the name in the title was called “Proto-Ukrainians”; they changed it to “Ruthenians”

[@MercShame]

Did yall watch the video? He calls them Rus the entire time.

[@visayanmissnanny2.076]

@@MercShame He’s talking about the title before K&G changed it.

[@demetres6113]

What is proto-ukrainia? You mean Kievan Rus...

[@high4702]

There was no Kyivan Rus, this name was created in 19th century. If you will read chronicles deeply you will see that the word “Rus” was mostly used like ethnonym but not like territory. Mostly by the word “Rus” people mean orthodox people. There was also term “роусьска земля” that means territory of over Dnipro lands, Volyn, Kyiv, Chernihiv, Pereyaslav and Smolensk. Also you will see that people wrote: “I am going from Novhorod to Rus” or “I am going from Suzdal to Rus”

[@marieagheorghe8081]

Kievan rus=proto ukraine,because russians are the descendens of the mongols who destroy The real Rusia they became white by mixing with The real russians,The ukrainians. NO COMENTS

[@Kwerd]

@@high4702 Smolensk was also not Rus'. "Izѧslavъ da darъі Rostyslavou что 7 ѿ Rouskъіy 8 zemlѣ and ѿ all ц҃рских​​ 9 zemlѣ. and 10 Rostyslavъ da darъі Izѧslavou что ѿ верхнихъ 11 zemlѣ. ѿ Varѧъ ." Chronicle for the year 1148. Translation: "Izyaslav gave gifts to Rostislav from the Rus' land and from all the imperial lands, and Rostislav gave gifts to Izyaslav from the upper lands and the Varangians"

[@demetres6113]

@marieagheorghe8081 "...ἃς Ρωμαῖοι μὲν ἰδόντες ἀῤῥήτου χαρμονῆς ὑπεπλήσθησαν, Σκύθας δὲ δέος ᾕρει, τὸ ἐπιφερόμενον αὐτοῖς ὑγρὸν πῦρ"..."τὸν μετὰ Σφενδοσθλάβον τρίτον παρὰ Ταυροσκύθαις τιμώμενον Σφέγκελον" Book History, written by Leon Diakonos in 990 ac. The Rus are referred as Σκύθες (Scythians) and the Kievan Rus as Ταυροσκύθαις ( Scythians of Tavriki, the Greek name of the area of ukraine.) Can you point me in an actual source that a) says that the Rus are Mongols and b) that the proto-ukranians weren't the Kievan Rus?

[@demetres6113]

@user-cg2tw8pw7j I am a Greek, and I stated what was known at that time. Sima Qian, Chinese historian, describes them as blond and red haired.. so yeah

[@alymerchant7265]

Waiting for Delhi Sultanate video

[@giorgiociaravolol1998]

How ruthenians fought the mongols: They submitted

[@neutralfellow9736]

superb stuffia

[@raritica8409]

The Rus princes were the bravest princes in Europe. It was customary for the Prince to lead the charge at every battle. Im very pleased to hear the great Mongols respected such bravery. Amazing Amazing Amazing!

[@kaissertsarist]

Russian correct in english

[@Nomadicenjoyer31]

I loved Cuman warriors on thumbnail too much❤❤❤

[@chrissteer1591]

I love this channel 💙

[@DenysKorolchuk---Heller]

Very good historical video, like abd subscribe!

[@ishudshutup]

Will be interesting to learn about the Korean and Indian conquests, topics with little coverage. One question I hope K&G answers is, why the Koreans didn't get the same treatment as the Song dynasty? Both resisted for decades yet the Song got obliterated and the Koreans got a slap on the wrist and essentially treated as if they had initially surrendered and never resisted.

[@JayFLee1]

Because Kublai Khan was claiming to be Emperor of China, among his other titles. He can accept the King of Korea as a vassal. But the Zhao family who ruled the Song had to go.

[@yongseung3272]

@@JayFLee1 lol then why Kublai Khan didn’t accept his daughters to marry han chinese? Many mongol princesses married korean kings.

[@yongseung3272]

@@JayFLee1 Chinese always have excuses and trying to distort fabricate history.

[@crusaderforchrist8430]

Goryeo was kurgan or son in law country, Mongols saw them as almost familial kin after 30 years of war.

[@jaker8415]

@@JayFLee1 regardless of what they thought about being Chinese or not, their actions were the same everywhere, resist and you get obliterated after defeat. Same across China, Middle East, Eastern Europe, but not Korea. Why?

[@pietersmith9745]

Proto-Ukranians? Lol. Edit: They changed it. Pathetic. Be skeptical of anyone who makes subtle changes in their presentation of history in order for political benefit.

[@theawesomeman9821]

Defeating the Mongols was no small feet, it took talent.

[@apexnext]

Defeating, and kinda avoiding. 😅

[@Nomadicenjoyer31]

Proto-East Slavs vs Proto-Common Mongols

[@Argacyan]

@@globalterroil3208 You wrote that reply 2h ago according to youtube, so I guess you didn't see the video's original title & thumbnail. That's what people are making fun of

[@ElBandito]

Must have been scary for Danilo to see his countrymen fleeing the principality en masse, while returning from a marriage trip.

[@alfrancisbuada2591]

Do the Filipino-American War next!

[@napoleonibonaparte7198]

In a different place, the brothers would start a civil war.

[@sircatangry5864]

About battle of Kalka river. This battle was devastating not only for Rus princes, but gor mongols too, after this they feared to go on Rus principalities and was easily defeated by Volga Bulgars.

[@migelangeldejesusquinterog4584]

Then.. .. In the second round they almost arrived in the borders of the holy Roman Empire in Just 5 years in campaigns.

[@sircatangry5864]

@@migelangeldejesusquinterog4584 That was in 1241, 1223 and 1241 is 18 year difference btw

[@migelangeldejesusquinterog4584]

​@@sircatangry5864 The worst loss in kalkan River is the death of jebe: one of the dogs of war from gingghis.

[@AdityaSingh-bi6fu]

Hello bro pls make on Karkota dynasty

[@lukaswarkus677]

Thx

[@kartikmalasiya6509]

Hey! Can you make some videos related to Indian military History? It definitely has a lot of content. You can also cover recent military history as well[1950-2000]. Great work on the Pacfic War series btw.

[@Lochamp]

Pay him and he may

[@akiogood4712]

here's the indian military history: getting smashed by Afghans, Turkics, British, Portuguese. india being ruled by foreigners for the last 2200 years, until the british empire establishes to official states called pakistan and india, and allows them to have independent states. is there anything more to Indian history?

[@kartikmalasiya6509]

@@cuzimmoody6470 I don't think that's true. India was invaded a lot but control of territory and power remained in hands of indigenous indian kings. Except during the British raj. Our recent history is much better Fought 5 Won 4 Lost 1.🙂. Do read about Ashoka, Shivaji, etc if you want to.

[@silentbyte196]

@@kartikmalasiya6509 I prefer reading about Ghaznavi, Babur, Aurangzeb & Durrani, but to each his own.

[@radec5437]

It would be interesting a video about ancient Indian warfare. Like, how different was from the Macedonian style, what gave this changes etc

[@lerneanlion]

If the Mongols already conquered the lands, the only way to defeat them is to wait for the Mongols' authority to becoming more corrupted and weaker to the point of it is impossible for the Khan to control anything. And then, struck them as fast as lightning and as hard as a boulder.

[@ayhanfedai5013]

sounds more like an uneasy cooporation and partnership than defence

[@patatras2483]

Sad reminder than the actual "Darwin arch" in Galapagos islands displayed in the game sponsoredcollapsed a few years ago... a sight that will be missed.

[@Technocratos90]

There a lot of inaccurate information in this video. For example, Battle of Kalka river wasn't just between Halych-Volynia principality and Mongols. There were much more knyaz of other Rus principalities, who participated in battle. For example, the head of Rus coalition was Mstislav the Old, who was slain in battle.

[@gazey]

Why is it proto Ukraine instead of Rus lol

[@Just_another_turtle]

He's getting a check from Ukraine government

[@marieagheorghe8081]

Because russians are the descendens of the mongols who destroy The real Rusia they became white by mixing with The real russians,The ukrainians. No coments

[@Lochamp]

Because Russia is toxic and a joke. Zelensky kicking butt and making the world laugh at Putin in his bunker deep under the Kremlin

[@sircatangry5864]

But its true.

[@gazey]

@@sircatangry5864 it is partly true but we can’t start replacing historical names just because we feel the need to claim other’s achievements. Historical informations must be told by how it was, not how we like it to be by manipulating it.

[@matthewmann8969]

Good,

[@migelangeldejesusquinterog4584]

What about central Asia defended againts the mongols (the first invasion)?

[@theguysal7191]

proto-Ukrainians?

[@Kwerd]

Ukrainians

[@theguysal7191]

@@Kwerd Well Ruthenians sounds more historically correct.

[@abukafiralalmani]

We have won! The proto-Ukrainians in the title became Ruthenians which was the Latin term for the Rus'

[@danb9460]

Seeing one of the brothers portraits all I see is Liam neeson.

[@Shahanshah101]

K&G is now 3M strong 💪🏻

[@apexnext]

And growing! 😁👍

[@muhammedsahin985]

Dear Kings and Generals, A massive earthquake hit Turkey and northern Syria. There are many subscriber of yours in these country as you know. Also the situation in the area extremely dire. We need all possible help and prayer for the victims. Please mention about earthquake in your upcoming video. I humbly recommend AHBAP Foundation for any possible charity. Thank you all.

[@johnbooth5297]

Why don't you ask Russia for help?? 🤔 I don't think the US should help Turkey until they give up there S-400 systems and accept Sweden into NATO and Syria under Assad should be left to their fate see how quick their Russian overlords come...

[@muhammedsahin985]

@@johnbooth5297 what a bad heart, what a miserable mind... Shame, shame on you... There is a massive tragedy but you just talking about politics? You are not a human John

[@johnbooth5297]

@@muhammedsahin985 don't bite the hand that feeds and expect nothing your nations actions have consequences...

[@muhammedsahin985]

@@johnbooth5297 hope you taste same tragedy

[@raritica8409]

I will pray tonight for you guys. And John I will pray for your heart to soften up. We all need help sometimes, we are all humans sharing an earth

[@mpbomber1491]

I mean not really a fan of the Russians but proto-Ukrainians really?

[@abukafiralalmani]

It's total cringe. The Romans were also no proto-Italians

[@radec5437]

Yeah me too. I don't know much of the region, but I think its quite far fetch?

[@alekshukhevych2644]

@@radec5437 The RUthenian ethnonym was still common amongst Ukrainians all the way up to the 20th century.

[@alekshukhevych2644]

@@abukafiralalmani The Ruthenian ethnonym was still common amongst Ukrainians all the way up till the 20th century.

[@denkt]

​@alekshukhevych2644 Ruthenians did not include just Ukraine, no need to appropriate history

[@TCrag]

The adds are particularly abrasive in this channel. Otherwise decent content.

[@Jesse_Dawg]

Please more videos

[@anarquia201]

Calling the Rus proto Ukranians is far fetch kind of calling iberians tribes are proto argetinian proto mexican

[@Kwerd]

your comparison is as incorrect as possible. Russians lived on the territory of Russia, logically? I think so. And let's take a look at the map, where was Rus, and oh wonder, the land where Ukrainians live, probably a coincidence, and it is not written anywhere about the disappearance of the Rusyns, where did the people disappear to?

[@anarquia201]

@@Kwerd i wouldnt call the russ proto rusian also it just not right to asing medieval cultural or etnic groups as proto a modern nation. Modern nation are colection of múltiples grupos and political manouvers and desitions Been this anachronistic is intelectual irresponsible This is a wierd and wrong hill to die on

[@user-wr2sk5nj7k]

it's also like calling the tribes Mokshan, Erzya, a couple of Mongols and a drunken bear, - Proto-Russian

[@alekshukhevych2644]

@@anarquia201 Proto-Ukrainians are inhabitants of SOuth-Western Rus principalities. That is Kyiv, Chernigov, Halych, Pereyaslav and Volyn Principalities. The people living in these regions spoke a dialect closest to modern Ukrainian and are direct slavic ancestors to Ukrainians. Ukrainians were also called RUthenians till the 20th century. So yes, they are proto-Ukrainians.

[@whyukraine]

#preparetogetschooled

[@nsb8816]

You can call them Ruthenians, Kievan Rus, but Proto-ukrainians? As someone said, there were on dose stepes scithians, jazars, turks, cossaks, tatars, mongols, slavs, nordsmen, even parthians maybe but nothing proto-ukrainian. Unlike the video and unsucribed the channel.

[@abukafiralalmani]

They could called them just Rus. This is very close to the term which they used for themselves in that time.

[@vitalityfarm2396]

They were proto-ukrainian. MOSTLY SAME people as Ukrainian has now.

[@EvilEgg331]

For some reason when the invasion happened people became obsessed with Ukraine and you can see that in the title. Proto-Ukrainians? That is not even a real term. At this time the Slavs were, roughly, one culture. So Kievan Rus is not Ukraine or Russia, it’s Kievan Rus.

[@lamole329]

by naming them proto- ukrainians they make a claim those people are ukrainian ancestors and this is pretty much it

[@Kwerd]

@@EvilEgg331 Kievan Rus did not exist, there was Rus, and it was exclusively on the territory of Ukraine, according to ancient chronicles

[@kiton1890]

thank you very much from Kyiv

[@SafavidAfsharid3197]

Was the city was called kiev or kyiv back then?

[@denkt]

Kiev

[@Ukraine40]

I'm really interested in this era so thank you for covering it

[@valdaniels4078]

I don't understand butthurt reactions in the comments over calling Ruthenians under the king Danylo proto-Ukrainians. Proto-Belarusians were a part of Lithuania back then. Proto-Russians -- part of Golden Horde as Vladimir-Suzdal Duchy. Proto-Ukrainians were a part of Ruthenian Kingdom. Later that Kingdom was annexed into Polish-Luthuanian Commonwealth and Ukrainian identity was formed in the midst of the Poles and Lithuanians. Or you don't understand modern meaning of the prefix "proto"? Nowadays, we have come to understand it as "before", rather than "first". Like, proto-Greeks before the Bronze Age were not Greek and didn't call themselves this way. Yet we call them proto-Greeks in the books.

[@benkenobi_]

Ruthenian is a latinized term, we call ourselves Rusyn and there are still many of us today. Mostly immigrated to the USA

[@Kwerd]

Ти не вважаєш себе українцем?

[@fritz404]

Nobody calls anybody "Rusyn" but Slovaks and Magyars

[@Vithimerius]

Most Rusyns still live in their native land, just under the new rebranded name. "Zorya Halytska", the official press organ of the Supreme Rusyn Council in Lemberg (Lviv): _"We, the Galician Rusyns, belong to the great Rusyn nation, and consists of 15 million people, out of which two and a half million live in Galicia. Our people were once independent and equal to the most powerful peoples of Europe, had its own written language, own laws and rulers"_ Zorya Halytska, An appeal to the Rusyn people, May 15, 1848. - Lemberg

[@Vithimerius]

Omelian Ohonovsky was a professor of the Rusyn language and literature at University of Lemberg. Here is what he wrote in 1886: _"We are a separate nation and call ourselves Rusyns since the 10th century. The name "Moscow" had become the opposite of the name "Rus" in the 12th century when a separate Duchy of Suzdal had been formed to the north of Rus. And later the Grand Duchy of Moscow, which in the 16th century had become the Tsardom of Muscovy. Our homeland was defined by the name "Rus" until the 17th century, when the Muscovite tsars began to call their lands and also left-bank Ukraine by this name. Thus our homeland lost its name due to the will of strong tsars and was forced to look for another one in order not to disappear without a trace. But all other names meant only a part of our homeland. Such names were "Little Rus" (opposite of Great Rus or Muscovy), "Southern Rus", "The Cossack Hetmanate". The best name is "Ukraine" because it means most of our homeland. That’s why some Rusyn patriots call the whole Rus - Ukraine and therefore the Rusyn language - Ukrainian."_ Ohonovsky, O. (1886). Markiyan Shashkevych. About his life and letters (pp. 93-94). Lemberg

[@kaissertsarist]

@@Vithimerius Yes btw, they called themselves russians also, and wanted to join in Russian empire.

[@thewarriorfrog]

In a strictly historical sense, however, it is most frequently used for the Turkic (mainly Kipchak) tribes who constituted the bulk of the Mongol army that invaded Russia in the early thirteenth century.

[@romanscerbak5167]

Invaded who, sorry?

[@denkt]

​@@romanscerbak5167 Maybe check when such terms were used in Western sources

[@khatziOG]

[@Uzair_Of_Babylon465]

Fantastic video keep it up you're doing amazing job

[@Soap_bubbles591]

After the fall of the Sassanids ( who fought off the Khazarians during their entire existence) Khazarians became a headache for the Rus people around the Caspian sea . Interestingly the " Rus vikings" were the ones who destroyed the khazar khaganat once and for all .

[@Technocratos90]

Actually Khazars were very advanced nation, with pretty well developed trade. The city of Sarkel was big and flourishing city, before Rus razed it to the ground.

[@Soap_bubbles591]

@Technocratos That's not what their neighbors believed,.... in fact ,they were considered so " uncivilized ", that th Sassanid Persians built the Derbent Fortifications at the northwestern Caucasian borders of Persia just in order to prevent them from plundering the villiges , ....The Russ Vikings had same problems with the khazars at their mutual southern borders . They were causing same troubles for the Arab Islamic khalifat that replaced the Sassanid empire . We even have Roman reports of how khazarian influential people caused corruption in the Roman/ Catholic church.

[@vondondolo1582]

Gotta love the Ruzzian sycophants in comments screaming about a reference to Ukrainians. The hardest cope in history.

[@abukafiralalmani]

No it is the hardest correction in history. Ukraine wasn't used at that time. Neither for the people nor for the state.

[@vondondolo1582]

@@abukafiralalmani The first uses of the term "Ukraine" were in the 12th century to refer to the region, and by the 16th century it was used in official chronicles. By the 20th century terms like "Ruthenian", "Podolian", or "Volhynian" were anachronistic and gave way to "Ukrainian". It was also used to describe the Cossack Hetmanate. It's a perfectly valid historical term to use in reference to an area and the people living there, unless you're a modern-day Russian revisionist with motive to impose the "Little Russian" epithet that wasn't a thing until long after the development of nationalism. Cope harder.

[@denkt]

​@vondondolo1582 It was not used as an ethnonym and meant borderland. No need to push your propaganda

[@vitorpereira9515]

I wish you could make a series about the justinian reconquista.

[@franciscovelasco5422]

They did

[@eksiarvamus]

Northern Estonia was under Danish rule, not Swedish rule.

[@eksiarvamus]

Also parts of Estonia weren't under Novgorod rule back then.

[@balintkiraly6187]

​@@eksiarvamus and halych never have any territory inside the carpathians. This map is not the best.

[@f-man3274]

Lol, Rus is also proto-Russian and proto-Belarus. The correct title is "How proto-East Slavs didn't defend themselves against the mongols"!

[@Just_another_turtle]

@@AydinGerayoglu cope

[@marieagheorghe8081]

Because russians are the descendens of the mongols who destroy The real Rusia they became white by mixing with The real russians,The ukrainians. No coments

[@asterite3718]

lol, how Galicia-Volhynia is proto-Russian and proto-Belarusian?

[@sircatangry5864]

There was words for "Yarlik" in Ukraine: "Worse than death is tatar honor" When in muskovy was Alexander Nevskiy who was most loyal prince to Khan.

[@sircatangry5864]

@@riko_sandokan Well yes, i called it "Muskovy" in sense like people calling Ruthenian Kingdom Ukraine.

[@kaissertsarist]

@@sircatangry5864 Bro has his own history, ukrs dugged the Black sea

[@kaissertsarist]

А как Данилка кумыс попивал, да поганым кланялся на коленки не хочешь рассказать?

[@ltcol.nugget6458]

I only watched the vid for the fishing… In all actuality, this is the kind of stuff I know the least about and now I know more. Keep up the good work!

[@ydnsr1137]

Kyiv tribe was savage, In 1248 as well Kyiv took out halych making it apart of Kyiv and moving northward

[@tktilk3878]

Nice one about early Ukraine!!! Thank you K&G!!!

[@sudarshangopinathan5904]

"Proto Ukrainians" how weasel can you get kings and generals. Pathetic

[@Just_another_turtle]

He's definitely getting personally payed by Elensky

[@abukafiralalmani]

They called themselves Rus. Distorting history isn't a help for Ukraine.

[@EMillerphotography]

@@abukafiralalmani why do you keep parroting this like tens of times? Show us a historic document, where whole modern Part of Ukraine called themselves Rus?

[@abukafiralalmani]

@@EMillerphotography Look after the title of the King of Galicia in Lviv. "King of the Rus' " in Western Ukraine. Look how Ukrainians called their language before the 17th century. It was "руська мова" (Language of the Rus')

[@abukafiralalmani]

@@superpower21 I have never stated that

[@daneilpatro2776]

They fought anywhere in Lviv?